CN109757556A - The method and its application of rutin content in a kind of raising bitter buckwheat - Google Patents
The method and its application of rutin content in a kind of raising bitter buckwheat Download PDFInfo
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- 241000219051 Fagopyrum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 235000009419 Fagopyrum esculentum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
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- IVTMALDHFAHOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N eriodictyol 7-O-rutinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC=2C=C3C(C(C(O)=C(O3)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=CC=3)=O)=C(O)C=2)O1 IVTMALDHFAHOGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
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- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method and its application of rutin content in raising bitter buckwheat.Purpose be in order to solve bitter buckwheat in storage, be easy to happen enzymatic hydrolysis in process so that rutin content be greatly lowered and existing bitter buckwheat processing method to the function nutrition of bitter buckwheat, physicochemical property, in terms of all there is different degrees of negative effect, be not suitable for actual production the technical issues of.Specific method includes: to clear up bitter buckwheat seed；Material after cleaning is placed in decompression exhaust in closed container；70~170 DEG C of steam heating processing is passed through into the material after decompression exhaust；The cooling, drying for standby by material.The characteristics of present invention is concentrated mainly on seed bran coat for rutin enzyme in bitter buckwheat, steam heating processing is carried out to bitter buckwheat seed under conditions of excluding air, the rutin enzyme in bitter buckwheat can be not only inactivated in a short time, inhibit the generation of Quercetin, can also by the Quercetin for having digested generation, solution is reduced to rutin against the current, improve the content of rutin in bitter buckwheat.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to full cereal food materials processing technique fields, and in particular to a method of improve rutin content in bitter buckwheat
And its application.
Background technique
Bitter buckwheat is a kind of polygonaceae cereal resource rich in bioactive ingredients such as flavones, polyphenol, inositol, anthocyanidin, life
Species flavones content is highest in all cereal, is the precious raw material of traditional dietotherapeutic.Studies have shown that bitter buckwheat flavone master
It to include the components such as rutin, Quercetin, isoquercitrin, Kaempferol, wherein rutin accounts for about 85% or so of flavones total amount.Rutin tool
There are the pharmacological characteristics such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, blood pressure lowering, protection capillary, is the day of the extensive research and utilization of world's field of medicaments
One of right plants ' medicinal component, according to Document system, has had in more than 130 kinds of registration therapeutic agents and has contained rutin.With consumer
The continuous improvement of health perception, the market demand Continued of bitter buckwheat, but its distinctive bitter taste, it has seriously affected and has been led in food
The application in domain.
Southwestern China area is that world's bitter buckwheat uniquely concentrates producing region on a large scale, and suitable ecological condition creates spring, autumn
Two season bitter buckwheat whole year production traditional feature industries.But influenced by hot and humid environment, the bitter buckwheat of southwest is by endogenous
The phenomenon that enzyme influences to become bitter is very universal, has digested in output itself, and the part rutin in bitter buckwheat generates through enzymatic hydrolysis
Quercetin is higher than the bitter buckwheat of other regional outputs to bitter taste.Therefore, it solves annual few hundred thousand tonnes of bitter buckwheat raw material enzymatic hydrolysis and becomes hardship
Problem, the exploitation full cereal functional food of bitter buckwheat have special meaning.
T.Suzuki etc. (2014) is studies have shown that the rutin during storage, processing in bitter buckwheat enzymatically hydrolyzes and generates Mongolian oak
Pi Su is the main reason for peculiar bitter taste is presented in bitter buckwheat [Tatsuro Suzuki, Toshikazu Morishita, Yuji
Mukasa,et al,Discovery and genetic analysis of non-bitter Tartary buckwheat
(Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.)with trace-rutinosidase activity,Breeding
Science 64:339–343(2014)].In order to effectively solve the problems, such as this, domestic and international industry is studied for a long period of time.It cultivates
The bitter buckwheat new varieties of low rutin enzymatic activity are one of effective measures, but this work progress is very difficult, has cultivated only
A varietal adaptation is bad one by one, is difficult to promote and apply.
Kawakami, A. etc. (1995) are the study found that ethyl alcohol or aqueous acetone solution extract to bitter buckwheat flour carry out 70
DEG C heat treatment, can effectively inactivate rutin enzyme, rutin hydrolysis is inhibited to eliminate bitter taste.The research so speculate, to bitter buckwheat flour into
The heat treatment of 70 DEG C of temperatures above of row, or using organic solution washing flour can realize bitter buckwheat flour it is de- it is bitter [Kawakami,
A.,Kayahara,H.,Ujihara,A.,Properties and elimination of bitter components
Derived from tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum.) flour, Nippon Shaokuhin
KagakuKaishi,1995,42(11):892-898.].Wang Gailing etc. (2005) impregnates bitter buckwheat flour using the water of different temperatures
It was found that processing 1min has about 60% rutin to be degraded.When temperature is higher than 60 DEG C, rutin hydrolase starts to inactivate；It is higher than
Rutin retention rate can reach 80% or more [Wang Gailing, Zhou Le, Liang Ran, Geng Huiling, various extracting conditions be to bitter buckwheat seed at 90 DEG C
The influence of middle rutin degradation, northwest Botany Gazette, 2005,25 (5): 1035-1038.].Li Dan etc. (2008) using boil,
The techniques such as decatize, high temperature extrusion handle bitter buckwheat flour, can obtain the effect for inhibiting rutin hydrolysis to eliminate bitter taste, but try
It tests sample chromatism measurement and deepens [Li Dan, Xiaolei, Ding, Xiaolin, Park, K.H., the A Process for that reddens
Preventing Enzymatic Degradation of Rutin in Tartary Buckwheat,(Fagopyrum
Tataricum Gaertn) Flour, Food Science&Biotechnology, 2008,17 (1): 118-122.], illustrate
Occur on the phenomenon that influencing product marketing quality with phenolic substances oxidation etc. while bitter buckwheat flour processing.After this article is to processing
The important processing quality index such as Effect On Gelatinization Characteristics, the gel characteristic of flour is not evaluated.Field Chinese-English equal (2014) uses 60~220
DEG C condition carries out baking processing to bitter buckwheat flour respectively, the results showed that, quercetin content is without bright in the samples of 140 DEG C or less bakings
Aobvious variation, when baking temperature reaches 180 DEG C or more, quercetin content is dramatically increased, and rutin content variation is then opposite.Various temperature
Toasting general flavone content in the flour of processing has different degrees of loss [Tian Hanying, Guo Xudan, Li Wuxia, Ji Xiaolong, Du Li
Juan, Wang Min, the research that different disposal temperature influences the content of Tartary buckwheat oxidation resistance ingredient and its antioxidant activity, Chinese grain and oil
Report, 2014,29 (11): 19-23.].
Literature research thinks that the biosynthesis of buckwheat rutin need to be passed through by Quercetin to isoquercitrin again to the reaction of rutin
Path, on the contrary for enzymatic degradation react, above-mentioned reaction with flavonols 3- glucuroide (f3g), the 3-O- glucose in system
The bioenzyme activities such as based transferase (3GT), rhamnosyltransferase (RT) are closely related.The preference temperature of these enzymes usually exists
Between 25-45 DEG C, at 35 DEG C, nearby (Li Chenglei, bitter buckwheat flavone synthesize the clone of relative enzyme gene, the sprouting stage adverse circumstance side of body to optimum temperature
The enzyme activity of response and recombination FtPAL and FtFLS in compeling studies [D], Sichuan Agricultural University, 201.2-04-20.).100
DEG C or more be still able to maintain active a small number of specific enzymes, referred to as " Zimadzhunt L 340 ".Known natural Zimadzhunt L 340 exists only in similar sea
In special organism or extreme thermophilic Archimycetes near fire in a stove before fuel is added mountain pass, the upper limit temperature of heat tolerance is up to 148.5 DEG C of [Zeng Jing, Guo Jian
Army, Qiu little Zhong, Wang Xianzhuo, Yuan Shikai's Tomb, the progress of extreme thermophilic microorganisms and its heat acclimation mechanism, biotechnology notification,
2015,31(9):30-37.]。
The studies above, to inhibit the hydrolysis of rutin in bitter buckwheat, is mitigated or disappears by the processing to bitter buckwheat flour
Except bitter taste.Bitter buckwheat flour in function nutrition, physicochemical property, processing quality, commodity condition and is processed into above-mentioned all processing
This etc. all produces different degrees of negative effect, is not suitable for actual production.So far, it there is no suitable for production
Bitter buckwheat processing technique appears on the market with de- bitter buck-wheat products operation, does not also see and improves rutin in the bitter buckwheat seed that enzymatic hydrolysis conversion has occurred
Containing quantifier elimination and application report.
Summary of the invention
Enzymatic hydrolysis is easy to happen in storage, process the purpose of the present invention is to solve bitter buckwheat to make in bitter buckwheat
Rutin content is greatly lowered, and existing bitter buckwheat processing method is to the function nutrition of bitter buckwheat, physicochemical property, processing quality, product
The technical issues of phase etc. all has different degrees of negative effect, is not suitable for actual production provides a kind of raising bitter buckwheat
The method and its application of middle rutin content, the present invention is suitable for having digested the bitter buckwheat for becoming bitter and the bitter buckwheat not digested, and has
The effect for thering is de- bitter, inhibition bitter buckwheat material to digest again during storage, processing.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention the following steps are included:
(1) bitter buckwheat seed is cleared up；
(2) the bitter buckwheat seed after cleaning is placed in decompression in closed container and excludes air；
(3) 70~170 DEG C of steam heating processing 180min~15s is passed through into the bitter buckwheat seed after decompression exhaust；
(4) the bitter buckwheat seed after heating vapor is spare after cooling down rapidly, being dry.
Further, the closed container that the step (2) holds bitter buckwheat seed is decompressed to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa.
Further, 100~110 DEG C of water vapour is passed through in the step (3) into the bitter buckwheat seed after decompression exhaust
Heat 80~60s.
Further, by steam heating, treated that bitter buckwheat seed is quickly cooled to 50 DEG C to room in the step (4)
Temperature.
Further, the bitter buckwheat is the bitter buckwheat that enzymatic hydrolysis has occurred and has become bitter.
Application of the above method in bitter buckwheat food or field of health care products.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the characteristics of present invention is concentrated mainly on its seed bran coat for rutin enzyme in bitter buckwheat, in the condition for excluding air
Under steam heating processing is carried out to bitter buckwheat seed, wet-hot steam acts on the surface layer of bitter buckwheat seed first, inactivates what it was rich in
Rutin enzyme inhibits its rutin to be converted into Quercetin；Being further processed can also provide energy for system, be generated using having digested
And the active glycosyl source that is deposited in " original position ", inverse hydrolysis occurs with the Quercetin for being equally deposited in " original position " and is reduced to
Rutin.Testing result shows that the content of rutin in bitter buckwheat after processing can be more than raw material initial level 13.5% or so, and Quercetin contains
Amount can reduce by 50% or more, and bitter taste is eliminated.
2, the bitter buckwheat seed after cleaning is contained in decompression exhaust in closed container by the present invention, under conditions of excluding air
Material is handled using steam heating, high temperature oxygen can be effectively prevent to the oxidation deterioration of bitter buckwheat correlation function nutritional ingredient, it is maximum
Degree mitigates the influence to flower characters.
3, processing method of the invention makes full use of damp and hot water vapour to arrive first at most short effective work on bitter buckwheat seed surface layer
With the time, the time difference inside surface layer arrival endosperm is penetrated further into water vapour, is effectively reduced to starch in bitter buckwheat endosperm
Excess processes utmostly remain function nutrition, the processed goods of bitter buckwheat raw material to mitigate the influence of starch heated denaturalization
Matter, eating mouth feel and commodity product properties equivalent.
4, it is eliminated through present invention process treated bitter buckwheat seed bitter taste, rutin content improves, storage characteristic is obviously improved.
To treated material carry out enzyme again become condition processing experiments have shown that, material does not occur repeatedly rutin degradation and becomes bitter phenomenon,
Therefore the present invention has the effect of preventing bitter buckwheat seed from digesting again during storage, processing；Because of present invention process processing
Relative temperature is low, the time is short and eliminates air impact, little on the color of buck-wheat products and processing characteristics influence, completely not
It is influenced in the application in the fields such as food, health care.
5, of the invention to be suitable for having digested the bitter buckwheat for becoming bitter and the bitter buckwheat not digested, it is especially bitter to enzymatic hydrolysis change has occurred
Bitter buckwheat treatment effect it is more preferable, solve bitter buckwheat in storage, the technical problem that enzymatic hydrolysis becomes bitter is easy in process, for solving
The technical problem for becoming bitter has just been digested when the bitter buckwheat output in Southwestern China area to be of great significance.
6, the present invention does not use any additive in addition to water vapour, and treatment process is simple, strong operability, production cost
It is low, it is a kind of green cereal processing technique of nothing " three wastes " discharge, meets the environmental protection concept and industrial policy of sustainable development, it is right
In solving the problems, such as that the annual few hundred thousand tonnes of bitter buckwheat raw material enzymatic hydrolysis change in China is bitter, rutin content in bitter buckwheat raw material, exploitation bitter buckwheat are improved
Full cereal functional health care food has special meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that treatment temperature influences schematic diagram to three constituent content of flavones in bitter buckwheat has been digested in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 influences schematic diagram to three constituent content of flavones in bitter buckwheat has been digested for the processing time in embodiment 2；
Fig. 3 is that the time is handled in embodiment 3 on three constituent content of flavones influence schematic diagram in bitter buckwheat raw material；
Fig. 4 is that rutin and quercetin content change schematic diagram in bitter buckwheat after embodiment 4-6 is handled；
Fig. 5 is that enzymolysis processing influences schematic diagram to rutin in bitter buckwheat and quercetin content again.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
The method that one of the present embodiment improves rutin content in bitter buckwheat, comprising the following steps:
(1) the bitter buckwheat seed that enzymatic hydrolysis change hardship has occurred is taken to be cleared up, number CK2；
(2) 9 groups of CK2 materials are taken, are respectively placed in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(3) to 9 groups of materials after decompression exhaust, each leading into temperature is 70 DEG C, 80 DEG C, 90 DEG C, 100 DEG C, 110 DEG C, 120
DEG C, 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 150 DEG C of water vapour, heat 3min；
(4) heat treatment after the completion of take out 9 groups of materials be rapidly cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, room temperature dry it is spare.
9 groups of material samples obtained by above-mentioned processing and untreated control sample (CK2) shelling powder processed are taken to carry out HPLC measurement,
Analyze its rutin, isoquercitrin and quercetin content.As shown in Figure 1, being different disposal temperature to having digested flavones three in bitter buckwheat
Constituent content influences schematic diagram；The result shows that through rutin content mentioning with treatment temperature in the method for the present invention treated material
Height, which first reduces, then to be increased, and quercetin content first increases with the raising for the treatment of temperature then to be reduced.Temperature reaches 100 DEG C or more
When, the two respectively reaches the average level of 32.5 μm of ol/g and 1.34 μm of ol/g.Compared with compareing CK2, rutin content is improved
6.8%, quercetin content reduces 50.1%.Isoquercitin content extends first to increase with the processing time then to be reduced, but variable
It is micro- slightly overall relatively stable.Orderly, total amount maintains within the scope of certain level the molal weight increase and decrease rule of three components.
The present invention proves that having digested Quercetin in bitter buckwheat seed, solution is reduced to reed against the current by 150 DEG C of extreme temperature processing
The reaction of fourth is still able to carry out, and is almost no different with 100 DEG C for the treatment of effects, thus it is speculated that it should be non-enzyme reaction.It is anti-to participate in the synthesis
The sugar source and Quercetin answered, Ying Shiyuan enzyme digestion reaction generate and are deposited in the free state of " original position ", and binding site is still kept
Due reactivity.Quercetin content reduces and the increased molal weight basic synchronization of rutin content, amount in reaction process
Change relationship understands.And the isoquercitrin changes of contents in same reaction system is little.
Embodiment 2
The method that one of the present embodiment improves rutin content in bitter buckwheat, comprising the following steps:
(1) the bitter buckwheat seed that enzymatic hydrolysis change hardship has occurred is taken to be cleared up, number CK2；
(2) 15 groups of CK2 bitter buckwheat materials are taken, are respectively placed in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(2) 100 DEG C of steam heating processing, processing time difference are passed through into 15 groups of materials after decompression exhaust respectively
For 10s, 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, 70s, 80s, 90s, 100s, 110s, 120s, 130s, 140s, 150s；
(3) 15 groups of materials after heat treatment are rapidly cooled to room temperature, room temperature is dried spare.
The resulting 15 groups of material samples of above-mentioned processing and untreated control sample (CK2) shelling powder processed are taken to carry out HPLC survey
It is fixed, it analyzes its rutin, isoquercitrin and quercetin content and changes.As shown in Fig. 2, being the different disposal time to having digested in bitter buckwheat
Three constituent content of flavones influences schematic diagram.The result shows that rutin content first reduces increase afterwards with the prolongation of heating time in material,
Quercetin content reduces after increasing with the prolongation of heating time and first, when treated between reach 110 seconds after, the two content difference
Reach the average level of 32.4 and 1.39 (μm ol/g).Compared with compareing CK2, rutin content improves 7.6%, quercetin content
Reduce 47.7%.Isoquercitin content extends first to increase with the processing time then to be reduced, but variable is micro- slightly overall relatively stable.
Orderly, total amount maintains within the scope of certain level the molal weight increase and decrease rule of three components.
Embodiment 3
The method that one of the present embodiment improves rutin content in bitter buckwheat, comprising the following steps:
(1) the bitter buckwheat seed not digested is taken to be cleared up, number CK1；
(2) 15 groups of CK1 materials are taken, are respectively placed in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(3) 100 DEG C of steam heating processing, processing time difference are passed through into 15 groups of materials after decompression exhaust respectively
For 10s, 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, 70s, 80s, 90s, 100s, 110s, 120s, 130s, 140s, 150s；
(4) by 15 groups of materials after heat treatment be rapidly cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, room temperature dry it is spare.
The resulting 15 groups of material samples of above-mentioned processing and untreated control sample (CK1) shelling powder processed are taken to carry out HPLC survey
It is fixed, it analyzes its rutin, isoquercitrin and quercetin content and changes.As a result as shown in figure 3, reed in the present embodiment treated bitter buckwheat
Fourth content first reduces with the prolongation of heating time to be increased afterwards, and quercetin content first increases with the prolongation of heating time to be reduced afterwards.When
After the processing time reaches 80 seconds, the two content respectively reaches the average level of 35.5 μm of ol/g and 0.74 μm of ol/g.With compare
CK1 is compared, and rutin content improves 12.94%, and quercetin content reduces 36.1%.Isoquercitin content is prolonged with the processing time
Long first increase then reduces, but variable is micro- slightly overall relatively stable.Orderly, total amount maintains the molal weight increase and decrease rule of three components
Within the scope of certain level.
Embodiment 4
(1) the bitter buckwheat seed that enzymatic hydrolysis change hardship has occurred is taken to be cleared up, number CK2；
(2) it takes CK2 material appropriate, is placed in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(3) 70 DEG C of steam heating processing 180min are passed through into the bitter buckwheat material after decompression exhaust；
(4) treated bitter buckwheat material is taken out, is rapidly cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, room temperature is dried spare, compiles as a.
Embodiment 5
(1) the bitter buckwheat seed that enzymatic hydrolysis change hardship has occurred is taken to be cleared up, number CK2；
(2) it takes CK2 material appropriate, is placed in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(3) bitter buckwheat is passed through 150 DEG C of steam heating processing 10min into the material after decompression exhaust；
(4) by treated, bitter buckwheat material is taken out, and is rapidly cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, room temperature dries spare, number b.
Embodiment 6
(1) the bitter buckwheat seed that enzymatic hydrolysis change hardship has occurred is taken to be cleared up, number CK2；
(2) it takes CK2 material appropriate, is contained in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(3) 170 DEG C of steam heating processing 15s are passed through into the bitter buckwheat material after decompression exhaust；
(4) by treated, bitter buckwheat material is taken out, and is rapidly cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, room temperature dries spare, number c.
Take the bitter buckwheat control sample (CK2) digested and embodiment 4-6 treated a, b, c material samples to shell powder processed
HPLC measurement is carried out, the content of rutin and Quercetin is analyzed.As shown in Figure 4, rutin content and CK2 control sample in a, b, c sample
Condition ratio, all increases, therefore can be used as the boundary condition of the method for the present invention.
According to the literature, the suitable temperature of bioenzyme activity relevant to Quercetin synthesis rutin is between 25-45 DEG C.
The present invention shows to survive without known associated biomolecule enzyme using 150 DEG C of temperatures above condition processing, thus it is speculated that the bitter buckwheat rutin is also
Inanimate object enzyme participates in original reaction.
Embodiment 7
The method that one of the present embodiment improves rutin content in bitter buckwheat, comprising the following steps:
(1) the bitter buckwheat seed not digested is taken to be cleared up, number CK1；
(2) material after taking cleaning is placed in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(3) 100 DEG C of steam heating processing 80s is passed through into the material after decompression exhaust；
(4) by the material after heat treatment be rapidly cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, room temperature dry it is spare.
Above-mentioned processing resulting material sample and untreated control sample (CK1) shelling powder processed are taken, using Germany
Brabender Viscograph-E type viscosity apparatus carries out viscograph measurement, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The buckwheat powder viscograph index of correlation measurement result before and after the processing of table 1.
| Index of correlation | CK1 | After processing | Difference (Δ) | Disturbance degree (%) |
| Gelatinization point DEG C | 66.3 | 65.9 | -0.4 | -0.60 |
| Peak viscosity | 430 | 405 | -25 | -5.81 |
| Disintegration value | 28 | 23 | -5 | -17.9 |
| Rise value | 147 | 130 | -17 | -11.6 |
Table 1 the result shows that, using the technology of the present invention process bitter buckwheat seed, the gelatinization initial temperature of flour slightly drops
Low, Δ DEG C=0.4, disturbance degree is -0.6%；Peak viscosity reduces by 25, and disturbance degree is -5.81；Disintegration value reduces by 5, disturbance degree
It is -17.9%；Rise value reduces by 17, disturbance degree -11.6%.All viscograph indexs of correlation slightly reduce, but just
Normal range is substantially unaffected its processing quality.
Embodiment 8
The method that one of the present embodiment improves rutin content in bitter buckwheat, comprising the following steps:
(1) the bitter buckwheat seed not digested is taken to be cleared up, number CK1；
(2) material after taking cleaning is placed in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(3) 110 DEG C of steam heating processing 60s is passed through into the material after decompression exhaust；
(4) by the material after heat treatment be rapidly cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, room temperature dry it is spare.
To the resulting bitter buckwheat seed of above-mentioned processing and the bitter buckwheat seed (number CK1) not digested shelling powder processed, use
WHITENESS CHECKER NW-1 type chromascope (NIPPON DENSHOKU) carries out chromatic value measurement, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Buckwheat powder chromatic value compares table 2. before and after the processing
Table 2 the result shows that, present invention process processing influences the shading value of bitter buckwheat flour to be Δ L*=0.30, and disturbance degree is only
It is 0.36%；Red green degree a* is not influenced；Champac coloration influence value Δ b*=1.10, that is, bitter buckwheat flour yellow chromaticity after handling
The phenomenon that being increased slightly, disturbance degree 13.9%, slightly improving with material general flavone content after processing is consistent.There is no reddening
Phenomena such as deepening illustrates that the oxidation deterioration phenomenon of phenolic substances does not occur for sample handling processes.
Embodiment 9
The method that one of the present embodiment improves rutin content in bitter buckwheat, comprising the following steps:
(1) the bitter buckwheat seed not digested is taken to be cleared up, number CK1；
(2) material after taking cleaning is placed in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(3) 105 DEG C of steam heating processing 70s is passed through into the material after decompression exhaust；
(4) by the material after heat treatment be rapidly cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, room temperature dry it is spare.
Full powder is made to the resulting bitter buckwheat seed of above-mentioned processing and the bitter buckwheat seed (number CK1) not digested shelling, respectively into
The measurement of the physical and chemical indexes such as row major function nutrition, the results are shown in Table 3:
The main physical and chemical index measurement result of the full powder of bitter buckwheat before and after the processing of table 3.
Table 3 the result shows that, before and after the processing through present invention process, the physical and chemical indexes such as major function nutrition in bitter buckwheat seed raw material
There is no significant changes, illustrate that present invention process does not influence bitter buckwheat main component substantially.
Application Example 1
(1) bitter buckwheat seed is cleared up；
(2) the bitter buckwheat seed after cleaning is contained in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(3) 110 DEG C of steam heating processing 60s is passed through into the bitter buckwheat seed after decompression exhaust；
(4) the bitter buckwheat seed after heating vapor is cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, spare after dry；
It takes treated bitter buckwheat seed shelling to make full powder and carries out buck wheat meal processing, the specific steps are as follows:
1) plus water is quenched: under conditions of being sufficiently stirred plus water, adjustment material moisture content are 30% or so；
2) squeezing, maturing, granulation: above-mentioned resulting material is sent into twin-screw extruder, five Heating Zone Temperatures are set
It is respectively as follows: 80 DEG C, 100 DEG C, 110 DEG C, 100 DEG C, 90 DEG C；Engine speed is 100r/min；Peeling knife revolving speed is 500r/min；
3) predrying: above-mentioned gained grain dress material is sent into fluid bed dryer, control hot blast temperature is 80 DEG C, predrying
Time 5min；
4) compression molding；Above-mentioned gained predrying material is sent into pair roller type tablet press machine, control is 0.30mm to roller gap；
5) it baking processing: above-mentioned obtained sheet material is sent into tunnel type roasting oven, control baking furnace temperature is 260 DEG C,
Material is 2min by the time；
6) cooling treatment: dry material is baked by air-cooled wired belt conveyer, to 30 DEG C of temperature of charge < by above-mentioned
Enter finished product bin afterwards；
Product inspection: it extracts above-mentioned resulting product and carries out physical and chemical inspection, Primary outcome measures are as shown in table 4.
The main physical and chemical index measurement result of 4. buck wheat meal of table
Application Example 2
(1) bitter buckwheat seed is cleared up；
(2) the bitter buckwheat seed after cleaning is contained in closed container decompression exhaust to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(3) 105 DEG C of steam heating processing 70s is passed through into the bitter buckwheat seed after decompression exhaust；
(4) the bitter buckwheat seed after heating vapor is cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, spare after dry.
It takes the resulting bitter buckwheat seed shelling of above-described embodiment to make full powder and carries out the pre-cooked noodles processing of bitter buckwheat extruding, specific steps
It is as follows:
1) plus water is quenched: adding water in the full powder of phase bitter buckwheat under the conditions of being sufficiently stirred, adjustment material moisture content is 32% or so；
2) squeezing, maturing, molding: above-mentioned resulting material is sent into single screw rod second level squeezing, maturing molding machine, control level-one is squeezed
Pressing curing temperature is 150 DEG C, engine speed 700r/min；Second level extrusion forming temperature is 40 DEG C, molding die aperture Φ
0.8mm；
3) aging: above-mentioned gained noodle shape curing material is hung into upper boom, is sent between aging；Temperature < 20 between control aging
DEG C, relative humidity > 80%, aging process 12 hours or more；
4) dry: strip-shaped materials obtained by above-mentioned aging process to be sent into drying room, control drying room temperature is slowly promoted to
50 DEG C or so, relative humidity is slowly lowered to 40% or so, and temperature, humidity adjustment transition time must not be less than 8 hours.Keep dry
Dry is vented to material moisture content and reaches≤12.5%；
5) examination and test of products: taking above-mentioned products obtained therefrom to carry out physical and chemical inspection, and Primary outcome measures are as shown in table 5.
The main physical and chemical index measurement result of 5. Tartary buckwheat noodles of table
It follows that the food through the method for the present invention treated buckwheat preparation has preferable mouthfeel and higher battalion
Value is supported, can be widely applied to the fields such as food, health care product.
The stability of the present invention treated bitter buckwheat seed is verified below by way of simulation test.
Test example
(1) the bitter buckwheat seed raw material (number CK2) for taking the bitter buckwheat seed raw material (number CK1) not digested and having digested
It is each appropriate, decompression exhaust is respectively placed in closed container to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa；
(2) 100 DEG C of water vapour is passed through into two groups of materials of decompression exhaust respectively, heat treatment is taken out after 120 seconds, fast
Speed be cooled to 50 DEG C hereinafter, room temperature dry it is spare.Wherein by CK1, treated that material compiles that for d#, CK2, treated that material volume is
f#；
(3) take treated d#, f# material each appropriate respectively, be soaked in water 10min, and 35 DEG C keep the temperature 4 hours, carries out
Room temperature is dried spare after artificial enzymatic hydrolysis process, wherein will compile after the processing of d# material as e#, volume is g# after the processing of f# material；
(4) treated d, e, f, g material samples and untreated control sample (CK1, CK2) shelling powder processed is taken to carry out
HPLC measurement, analyzes the content of rutin and Quercetin in sample.As shown in figure 5, being enzymolysis processing again to reed in bitter buckwheat seed
Fourth and quercetin content influence schematic diagram；The result shows that rutin compares with quercetin content with CK1, CK2 in d, e, f, g sample
Sample, which is compared, notable difference.Wherein rutin, quercetin content are respectively 35.7 μm of ol/g and 0.74 μm of ol/g in d sample,
13.5% and reduction by 36.5% are improved than control CK1 result respectively.Rutin, quercetin content are respectively 32.8 μm of ol/ in f sample
G and 1.41 μm of ol/g improves 8.8% and reduction by 47.8% than control CK2 result respectively.Rutin, quercetin content point in e sample
Not Wei 35.6 μm of ol/g and 0.73 μm of ol/g, compared with d sample result, contents level is without significant difference.Rutin, Mongolian oak in f sample
Skin element average content is respectively 32.9 μm of ol/g and 1.40 μm of ol/g, and compared with g sample result, contents level is without significant difference.
The result shows that after the method for the present invention is handled, regardless of whether the bitter buckwheat seed of enzymatic hydrolysis occurred effectively
Enzyme deactivation, then handled through artificial enzymatic hydrolysising condition, rutin, quercetin content are held essentially constant.Therefore speculate, through the present invention
The bitter buckwheat seed of method processing can avoid causing rutin content to reduce because of enzymatic hydrolysis during storing, processing and becoming hardship
Problem occurs.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for improving rutin content in bitter buckwheat, which comprises the following steps:
(1) bitter buckwheat seed is cleared up；
(2) the bitter buckwheat seed after cleaning is placed in decompression in closed container and excludes air；
(3) 70~170 DEG C of steam heating processing 180min~15s is passed through into the bitter buckwheat seed after decompression exhaust；
(4) spare after steam heating treated bitter buckwheat seed is cooling in time, dry.
2. a kind of method for improving rutin content in bitter buckwheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: by the step
(2) closed container for holding bitter buckwheat seed is decompressed to vacuum degree≤- 0.06MPa.
3. a kind of method for improving rutin content in bitter buckwheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (3)
It is passed through 100~110 DEG C of steam heating in the middle bitter buckwheat seed to after decompression exhaust and handles 80~60s.
4. a kind of method for improving rutin content in bitter buckwheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (4)
It is middle that by steam heating, treated that bitter buckwheat seed is cooled to 50 DEG C to room temperature.
5. a kind of method for improving rutin content in bitter buckwheat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bitter buckwheat is
The bitter buckwheat that enzymatic hydrolysis becomes bitter occurs.
6. a kind of described in any item methods of Claims 1 to 5 are in the application of bitter buckwheat food or field of health care products.
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