JP2011015626A - Feed added with probiotics - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は生菌剤添加飼料に関し、例えば観賞魚用の飼料に生菌剤を常温で固形で生菌生育可能な温度で溶融可能であるコーティング層で定着させたペレット状飼料に関する。 The present invention relates to a feed supplemented with a viable fungus, for example, a pellet feed obtained by fixing a viable fungus to a feed for ornamental fish with a coating layer that is solid and meltable at a temperature at which viable fungi can grow.
最近、動物の消化管内において有用に作用する微生物を有効成分とする生菌剤が人間の健康食品として注目され、種々の生菌剤が研究されて開発され、市場に提供されるようになっている。 Recently, viable bacteria containing active microorganisms that are useful in the digestive tract of animals have attracted attention as human health foods, and various viable bacteria have been researched, developed and provided to the market. Yes.
畜産や水産の分野においても上述の生菌剤の活用が注目される傾向にあり、飼料に生菌剤を添加することが求められている。 In the fields of livestock and fisheries, the use of the above-mentioned viable bacteria tends to attract attention, and it is required to add the viable bacteria to feed.
しかし、生菌剤は生きていてこそ、その効果を発揮するものであるが、通常の飼料製造工程において原料に生菌剤を混ぜ込んで飼料を製造すると、製造中に原料が数秒間ではあるものの、１２０°Ｃないし１４０°Ｃの高温となるので、生菌の大部分が死滅してしまうという問題があった。 However, the viable agent is effective only when it is alive, but when the feed is produced by mixing the live fungus with the raw material in the normal feed production process, the raw material is produced for several seconds during the production. However, since it became a high temperature of 120 ° C to 140 ° C, there was a problem that most of the viable bacteria were killed.
これに対し、オイルによって生菌剤をペレット状飼料の表面にコーティングし、生菌を死滅させることなく添加できるようにしたようにした生菌剤添加飼料が開発されて市販されるようになった（特許文献１）。 On the other hand, live-bacteria-added feed was developed and marketed so that the live-bacterial agent was coated on the surface of the pelleted feed with oil so that it could be added without killing the live-bacteria. (Patent Document 1).
しかし、飼料をオイルによってコーティングすると、給餌時に水面に油膜が生じたり水が白濁することがあり、又飼料の包装材、例えば袋にオイルが付着あるいはしみ込み、さらには飼料の粒に色目のムラが生じ、ユーザに変色したような印象を与えるおそれがあり、商品性が悪くなるという問題があった。 However, when the feed is coated with oil, an oil film may form on the water surface or the water may become cloudy during feeding, the oil may adhere to or penetrate into the packaging material of the feed, for example, the bag, and the color of the feed grains may be uneven. May occur, giving the user the impression of discoloration, and there is a problem that merchantability is deteriorated.
本発明はかかる問題点に鑑み、商品性を低下させることなく、生菌を添加できるようにした生菌剤添加飼料を提供することを課題として鋭意研究の結果、従来食品添加剤として使用されており、安全性が確保されているエステル系乳化剤が上記オイルに代わる被覆材として有用であることを見出した。
さらに、このエステル系乳化剤はオイル使用における問題を解消するだけでなく、化学的構成により脂溶性から水溶性に至る多種にわたり、その選択使用により、ペレット状飼料の水槽への投入時に飼料にとって必要な浮上性又は沈下性を阻害することなく、自在に水中での挙動を調整できることを見出した。
In view of such problems, the present invention has been used as a conventional food additive as a result of intensive research aimed at providing a feed supplemented with live bacteria that can add live bacteria without deteriorating merchantability. Thus, the present inventors have found that an ester emulsifier that ensures safety is useful as a coating material in place of the oil.
Furthermore, this ester-based emulsifier not only solves the problems in using oil, but also has a variety of chemical compositions ranging from fat-soluble to water-soluble. By its selective use, it is necessary for feed when feeding pelleted feed into a tank. It has been found that the behavior in water can be freely adjusted without hindering the floating property or sinking property.
本発明は上記知見に基づいてなされたもので、ペレット状飼料の表面に所定量の生菌剤を担持し、該ペレット状飼料の表面に常温で固形で生菌生育可能な温度で溶融可能である少なくとも１層のコーティング層を形成してペレット状飼料の表面に近いコーティング層で生菌剤を飼料表面に定着してなることを特徴とする生菌剤添加飼料にある。 The present invention has been made on the basis of the above knowledge, and a predetermined amount of viable bacteria is carried on the surface of the pelleted feed, and can be melted at a temperature at which the viable bacteria can be grown solid at room temperature on the surface of the pelleted feed. The present invention is a live fungus-added feed characterized by forming at least one coating layer and fixing the live fungus on the feed surface with a coating layer close to the surface of the pelleted feed.
本発明では、飼料表面に生菌定着のためのコーティング層を有するが、その上に第２のコーティング層を形成してもよい。コーティング層は１層または多層で形成されると、最外層のコーティング層は脂溶性の場合は浮上性に影響を与えず、水溶性の場合は沈下性に影響を与えない。そのため、飼料が沈下粒の場合には最外層のコーティング層はその沈下性を阻害しないようにグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステルおよび蔗糖脂肪酸エステルからなる群から水溶性のコーティング剤が選ばれるのがよく、他方、飼料が浮上粒の場合には蜜蝋または、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステルおよび蔗糖脂肪酸エステルからなる群から脂溶性または水溶性のいずれのコーティング剤が選ばれても浮上性を示す場合が多い。 In the present invention, the feed surface has a coating layer for colonizing viable bacteria, but a second coating layer may be formed thereon. When the coating layer is formed of one layer or multiple layers, the outermost coating layer does not affect the floating property when it is fat-soluble, and does not affect the settlement property when it is water-soluble. Therefore, when the feed is settled grains, the outermost coating layer is water-soluble from the group consisting of glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester and sucrose fatty acid ester so as not to inhibit the settlement property. On the other hand, when the feed is a floating grain, fat from the group consisting of beeswax or glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester and sucrose fatty acid ester Regardless of whether a soluble or water-soluble coating agent is selected, it often exhibits floating properties.
また、上記生菌定着のためのコーティング層は、沈下性と浮上性の中間の物性を有するものであっても飼料粒物性沈下性又は浮上性とは逆性の物性を有するものであってもよく、要するに上記生菌定着のためのコーティング層は常温で固形で、生菌の生育可能温度以下で加熱溶融可能なものであればよく、加熱溶融温度の高いもので９０〜１００℃、低いもので６０〜７０℃ものが選ばれる。 In addition, the coating layer for colonization of viable bacteria may have a physical property between the sinking property and the floating property, or may have a physical property opposite to the feed grain property sinking property or floating property. In short, the coating layer for colonization of viable bacteria should be solid at room temperature and can be melted by heating at a temperature lower than the viable temperature of viable bacteria. 60 to 70 ° C. is selected.
蔗糖脂肪酸エステルにはステアリン酸、パルミチン酸、オレイン酸などの高級脂肪酸、酢酸、イソ酪酸などの低級脂肪酸等があり、親水性と親油性のバランスの幅が他のエステル系に比べて広いという特徴があり、本発明において好ましいコーティング剤である。 Sucrose fatty acid esters include higher fatty acids such as stearic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid, lower fatty acids such as acetic acid and isobutyric acid, etc., and have a wider range of balance between hydrophilicity and lipophilicity than other ester types And is a preferred coating agent in the present invention.
生菌剤添加飼料を製造するにあたっては、上記切断されたペレット状の飼料と所定量の生菌剤とをミキサー内で攪拌し、蜜蝋またはグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステルおよび蔗糖脂肪酸エステルからなる群から選ばれる１種であって、常温で固形で生菌剤耐熱温度で加熱溶解可能なコーティング剤によってペレット状飼料の表面をコーティングし、冷却して生菌剤をペレット状飼料の表面に定着させる。 In producing live feed supplemented feed, the cut pelletized feed and a predetermined amount of live fungus are stirred in a mixer, beeswax or glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene It is one selected from the group consisting of glycol fatty acid esters and sucrose fatty acid esters, and the surface of the pelleted feed is coated with a coating agent that is solid at room temperature and can be heated and dissolved at the heat resistant temperature of the live fungus, and then cooled and viable The agent is fixed on the surface of the pelleted feed.
本発明によれば、コーティング層が常温で固形をなすことにより、生菌剤がペレット状飼料の表面に定着され、給餌時に水面に油膜を生じたり水を白濁することがない。また飼料の包装材、例えば袋がべたついたりしみ込んだりすることはない。さらには、飼料の粒に色目のムラが生じることはなく、ユーザに変色したような印象を与えるおそれもない。 According to the present invention, when the coating layer is solid at normal temperature, the viable agent is fixed on the surface of the pelleted feed, and an oil film is not formed on the water surface or water becomes cloudy during feeding. In addition, feed packaging materials, such as bags, are not sticky or soaked. Furthermore, color unevenness does not occur in the feed grains, and there is no possibility of giving the user a discolored impression.
さらに、コーティング層の溶解温度が生菌の生育可能温度以下であることにより、生菌を死滅させることなく飼料を被覆し、定着することができるので、オイルに代えて生菌剤の定着された新規な生菌剤添加飼料を提供することができる。 Furthermore, since the dissolution temperature of the coating layer is lower than the viable temperature of viable bacteria, it is possible to coat and fix the feed without killing the viable bacteria, so that the viable agent was fixed instead of oil. A novel live fungus-added feed can be provided.
生菌剤添加前の飼料自体の製造には畜産用飼料あるいは水産動物用飼料の従来公知の製造方法、例えば観賞魚用飼料の場合にはエクスパンディット法を採用することができる。 For the production of the feed itself before addition of the viable agent, a conventionally known production method for livestock feed or aquatic animal feed, for example, an expand method can be employed in the case of aquarium fish feed.
生菌剤には好気性菌（例えば、バチルス属菌）、嫌気性菌（例えば、クロシトリジウム属菌）あるいは乳酸菌（ビフィズス菌、乳酸球菌、乳酸桿菌）等、目的とする効能に応じて適宜選択して用いるのがよい。 As the viable agent, an aerobic bacterium (for example, Bacillus genus), an anaerobic bacterium (for example, Clostridium bacterium), or a lactic acid bacterium (Bifidobacterium, lactic acid cocci, lactobacilli), etc. Select and use.
また、生菌剤添加飼料は生菌の効能を維持したまま長期保存できるのが好ましい。そこで、好気性菌及び嫌気性菌には芽胞形成菌を用いるのがよい。例えば、バチルス属の芽胞形成菌、クロシトリジウム属の芽胞形成菌等である。 Moreover, it is preferable that the live-bacterial-agent-added feed can be stored for a long time while maintaining the efficacy of the live bacteria. Therefore, spore-forming bacteria are preferably used for aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria. For example, spore-forming bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus, spore-forming bacteria belonging to the genus Crocitridium, and the like.
また、生菌剤を畜産動物や水産動物に悪影響を与えない食品添加物であるエステル系乳
化剤によって飼料表面にコーティングさせると、畜産動物や水産動物が健康に悪影響を受けることがない。
In addition, when live bacteria are coated on the feed surface with an ester emulsifier that is a food additive that does not adversely affect livestock and aquatic animals, the livestock and aquatic animals are not adversely affected by health.
〔実施例１〜４〕浮上粒―脂溶性コーティング
錦鯉用飼料の原料（フィッシュミール、卵類、脱脂粉乳、小麦粉、脱脂胚芽、リン酸塩、酵母、藻類、消化酵素、魚油、各種ビタミン・ミネラル）を粉砕機で細かく粉砕し、これをエキスパンディットぺレット（以下、ＥＰという）ミルによりペレット状に成形し、３、４、５、６ｍｍ径のＥＰを調整した。ＥＰミルでは供給された原料粉がコンディショナーで温水や蒸気によって調湿され、クッカーにおいて蒸煮され、エクストルーダに送給される。
[Examples 1 to 4] Floating grains-fat-soluble coating Nishikigoi feed ingredients (fish meal, eggs, skim milk powder, wheat flour, defatted germ, phosphate, yeast, algae, digestive enzymes, fish oil, various vitamins and minerals ) Was finely pulverized with a pulverizer and formed into pellets by an expanded pellet (hereinafter referred to as EP) mill to adjust EPs having diameters of 3, 4, 5, and 6 mm. In the EP mill, the supplied raw material powder is conditioned with warm water or steam in a conditioner, cooked in a cooker, and fed to an extruder.
エクストルーダでは送給された原料がスクリュープレスによって強圧され、摩擦熱によって更に過熱され、数秒間の間１２０°Ｃないし１４０°Ｃの高温となり、出口付近では溶融状態となってダイから大気中に放出される。この時、高温高圧により内部水分は急激に蒸発し、α化又はゼラチン化したデンプン質や熱変成したタンパク質の被膜が膨化して多孔質となり、浮上粒を調製する。 In the extruder, the fed material is strongly pressed by a screw press, further heated by frictional heat, becomes a high temperature of 120 ° C to 140 ° C for several seconds, becomes molten at the exit, and is released from the die to the atmosphere. Is done. At this time, the internal moisture rapidly evaporates due to high temperature and pressure, and the gelatinized or gelatinized starchy or heat-denatured protein film expands to become porous, thereby preparing floating particles.
こうして得られたペレット状飼料４０ｋｇとバチルス属菌の生菌剤４０ｇをドラムミキサーに入れ、そこに飼料に対して０．５、１、２、３、４、５重量％の脂溶性の蔗糖脂肪酸エステル（ＨＬＢ値＝１）を添加し、６０°Ｃに加熱しながらドラムミキサーを５分間回転させて生菌剤添加飼料を製造した。 40 kg of the pelletized feed thus obtained and 40 g of a viable bacterium of the genus Bacillus are placed in a drum mixer, and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 wt% of fat-soluble sucrose fatty acid to the feed there. An ester (HLB value = 1) was added, and the drum mixer was rotated for 5 minutes while heating to 60 ° C. to produce a feed supplemented with a viable fungus.
〔実施例５〜８〕浮上粒―水溶性コーティング
実施例１〜４と同様にして浮上性飼料を得た後、水溶性の蔗糖脂肪酸エステルを用いて生菌剤添加飼料を製造した。
[Examples 5 to 8] Floating grain-water-soluble coating After obtaining a levitating feed in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4, a live fungus-added feed was produced using a water-soluble sucrose fatty acid ester.
〔実施例９〜１２〕沈下粒―脂溶性コーティング
ＥＰミルでの加水量を調整して沈下性飼料とした以外、実施例１〜４と同様にして脂溶性の蔗糖脂肪酸エステルを用いて生菌剤添加飼料を製造した。
[Examples 9 to 12] Sedimented grains-fat-soluble coating Live bacteria using a fat-soluble sucrose fatty acid ester in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4 except that the amount of water in the EP mill was adjusted to obtain a sinkable feed. An additive-added feed was produced.
〔実施例１３〜１６〕沈下粒―水溶性コーティング
ＥＰミルでの加水量を調整して沈下性飼料とした以外、実施例５〜８と同様にして水溶性の蔗糖脂肪酸エステルを用い、生菌剤添加飼料を製造した。
[Examples 13 to 16] Sedimented grains-water-soluble coating A water-soluble sucrose fatty acid ester was used in the same manner as in Examples 5 to 8 except that the amount of water in the EP mill was adjusted to obtain a settled feed. An additive-added feed was produced.
〔実施例１７〜２０〕緩慢沈下粒−水溶性コーティング
ＥＰミルでの加水量を調整して緩慢沈下性飼料とした以外、実施例５〜８と同様にして水溶性の蔗糖脂肪酸エステルを用い、生菌剤添加飼料を製造した。
[Examples 17 to 20] Slowly settled grains-water-soluble coating A water-soluble sucrose fatty acid ester was used in the same manner as in Examples 5 to 8 except that the amount of water in the EP mill was adjusted to obtain a slowly settled feed. Live feed supplemented feed was produced.
〔実施例２１〜２４〕緩慢沈下粒−脂溶性コーティング
ＥＰミルでの加水量を調整して緩慢沈下性飼料とした以外、実施例１〜４と同様にして脂溶性の蔗糖脂肪酸エステルを添加し、生菌剤添加飼料を製造した。
[Examples 21 to 24] Slowly settled grains-fat-soluble coating A fat-soluble sucrose fatty acid ester was added in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 4 except that the amount of water added in the EP mill was adjusted to obtain a slowly settled feed. A live fungus supplemented feed was produced.
〔試験例１〕
実施例１〜２４で得られた飼料の表面の菌数を調べたところ、熱溶解したエステルの影響によって生菌は加熱前と比較すると、６４％以上の生菌が残存していることが確認された。
[Test Example 1]
When the number of bacteria on the surface of the feed obtained in Examples 1 to 24 was examined, it was confirmed that 64% or more of the live bacteria remained as compared to before heating due to the effect of the ester dissolved by heat. It was done.
〔試験例２〕
実施例１〜１２によって得られた飼料を水面に投入したところ、全て粒が完全に浮上した。また、水面の油膜や水の白濁は見られなかった。
[Test Example 2]
When the feed obtained by Examples 1-12 was thrown into the water surface, all the grains floated completely. Moreover, the oil film on the surface of the water and the cloudiness of the water were not seen.
〔試験例３〕
実施例１３〜１６によって得られた飼料を水面に投入したところ、全て粒が完全に沈下した。また、水面の油膜や水の白濁は見られなかった。
[Test Example 3]
When the feed obtained in Examples 13 to 16 was added to the water surface, all the grains were completely sunk. Moreover, the oil film on the surface of the water and the cloudiness of the water were not seen.
〔試験例４〕
実施例１７〜２０によって得られた飼料を水面に投入したところ、水面の油膜や水の白濁は見られなかったが、沈降性にバラツキが見られ、１重量％、２重量％、３重量％、４重量％、５重量％と水溶性蔗糖脂肪酸エステルの使用濃度が高くなると、沈下率が上昇する、沈降開始時間が早まる作用が確認された。
つまり、水溶性エステルの使用濃度を調整することによって沈降開始時間や沈下率を操作できることが分かった。
[Test Example 4]
When the feeds obtained in Examples 17 to 20 were put on the water surface, no oil film or water cloudiness was observed on the water surface, but the sedimentation was not uniform and 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt% It was confirmed that when the use concentration of the water-soluble sucrose fatty acid ester of 4% by weight and 5% by weight was increased, the settlement rate increased and the sedimentation start time was shortened.
That is, it was found that the sedimentation start time and the settlement rate can be manipulated by adjusting the use concentration of the water-soluble ester.
〔試験例５〕
実施例２１〜２４によって得られた飼料を水面に投入したところ、水面の油膜や水の白濁は見られなかったが、沈降性にバラつきが見られ、使用濃度が多くなると緩慢沈下から浮上性に変化することが分かった。
[Test Example 5]
When the feeds obtained in Examples 21 to 24 were put on the water surface, no oil film or water cloudiness was found on the water surface, but the sedimentation was found to be uneven, and when the concentration of use increased, it became floating from slow subsidence. It turns out that it changes.
以上の試験例１〜４から、
１）観賞魚用のＥＰに生菌剤を安定に添加できる、
２）特別な加工ラインを増設する必要がなく、コスト高を招来しない、
３）水面に油膜を生成したり水を白濁させることがない、
４）沈下粒、緩慢沈下粒に脂溶性エステルを適量使用することにより、浮上粒とすることができる、
５）緩慢沈下粒に水溶性エステルを適量使用することにより、沈降開始時間や沈下率を操作することができる、
６）包装材がべたついたりしない、
ことが確認された。
From the above test examples 1 to 4,
1) A viable fungus can be stably added to EP for ornamental fish.
2) There is no need to add a special processing line and it will not incur high costs.
3) Does not produce an oil film on the water surface or make the water cloudy.
4) By using an appropriate amount of fat-soluble ester in the subsidence grains and slow subsidence grains, it can be made floating particles.
5) By using an appropriate amount of water-soluble ester in the slowly settled grains, the sedimentation start time and settlement rate can be manipulated.
6) The packaging material is not sticky.
It was confirmed.
Claims (10)
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| JP2009161371A JP2011015626A (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | Feed added with probiotics |
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| JP2009161371A JP2011015626A (en) | 2009-07-08 | 2009-07-08 | Feed added with probiotics |
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| JP2011015626A true JP2011015626A (en) | 2011-01-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015502153A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2015-01-22 | ルサッフル・エ・コンパニーＬｅｓａｆｆｒｅ Ｅｔ Ｃｏｍｐａｇｎｉｅ | Composition comprising activated microbial biomass |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60221078A (en) * | 1984-04-18 | 1985-11-05 | Morinaga Milk Ind Co Ltd | Granular product of useful microorganism powder and its preparation |
| JPH0427351A (en) * | 1990-05-21 | 1992-01-30 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | Method for regulating settling velocity of dry pellet for fish culture |
| JPH08275736A (en) * | 1995-04-06 | 1996-10-22 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | Dry pellet for fish farming |
| JP2004057120A (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2004-02-26 | Asahi Vet Kk | Method for producing live bacterium agent-added feed |
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2009
- 2009-07-08 JP JP2009161371A patent/JP2011015626A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60221078A (en) * | 1984-04-18 | 1985-11-05 | Morinaga Milk Ind Co Ltd | Granular product of useful microorganism powder and its preparation |
| JPH0427351A (en) * | 1990-05-21 | 1992-01-30 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | Method for regulating settling velocity of dry pellet for fish culture |
| JPH08275736A (en) * | 1995-04-06 | 1996-10-22 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | Dry pellet for fish farming |
| JP2004057120A (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2004-02-26 | Asahi Vet Kk | Method for producing live bacterium agent-added feed |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015502153A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2015-01-22 | ルサッフル・エ・コンパニーＬｅｓａｆｆｒｅ Ｅｔ Ｃｏｍｐａｇｎｉｅ | Composition comprising activated microbial biomass |
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