JP2011002127A - Method of issuing temperature difference rise warning - Google Patents

Method of issuing temperature difference rise warning Download PDF

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JP2011002127A
JP2011002127A JP2009144061A JP2009144061A JP2011002127A JP 2011002127 A JP2011002127 A JP 2011002127A JP 2009144061 A JP2009144061 A JP 2009144061A JP 2009144061 A JP2009144061 A JP 2009144061A JP 2011002127 A JP2011002127 A JP 2011002127A
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temperature
seawater
temperature difference
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JP5474415B2 (en
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Hiroyuki Ikeda
博之 池田
Yuji Matsuda
勇次 松田
Toshiki Takemoto
敏樹 竹本
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Chugoku Electric Power Co Inc
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of issuing a temperature difference rise warning capable of responding to rise in seawater temperature when the unexpected rise in the seawater temperature due to a natural phenomenon etc. is detected and of promptly issuing the temperature difference rise warning.SOLUTION: The method of issuing the temperature difference rise warning includes: a temperature measurement monitoring process of measuring the temperature of seawater at a water inlet 12 and detecting a case where the temperature of the seawater exceeds a predetermined reference value as the temperature rise; a temperature difference prediction calculating process of predicting and calculating a difference between the seawater temperature at a water outlet 16 after predetermined time passes and the seawater temperature at the water inlet 12, when the temperature rise is detected; and a temperature difference rise warning issuing process of issuing the temperature difference rise warning when the temperature difference predicted and calculated in the temperature difference prediction calculating process exceeds a preset value. In the method, before the seawater temperature difference between the water inlet 12 and the water outlet 16 is actually raised, load suppression of a condenser to prevent the rise can be promptly performed.

Description

本発明は、温度差上昇警報発生方法に関し、特に、発電所などにおける海水を冷却水として使用する復水器の取水口と放水口における温度差が高くなる場合に、警報を発する温度差上昇警報発生方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a temperature difference increase alarm generation method, and more particularly, a temperature difference increase alarm that issues an alarm when a temperature difference between a water intake and a water discharge outlet of a condenser that uses seawater as cooling water in a power plant or the like becomes high. It relates to the generation method.

従来より、発電所などでは、例えば、復水器冷却システムにより、取水口から海水を取水し、復水器における冷却水として利用した後、所定時間後に放水口から海に放出することにより復水器の冷却を行っている。このような設備において、取水口と放水口には、それぞれ、取水される海水の温度、及び放出される海水の温度を測定する海水温度測定器が設置されている。そして、この取水口で測定される海水の温度と放水口で測定される海水の温度の温度差は、海水温度の上昇を防止するために、公害防止協定により所定の協定値(例えば7℃)未満となるように定められている。   Conventionally, in a power plant or the like, for example, a condenser cooling system is used to take seawater from a water intake and use it as cooling water in the condenser, and then discharge the water from the water outlet to the sea after a predetermined time. The vessel is being cooled. In such a facility, a seawater temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of the seawater to be taken in and the temperature of the seawater to be discharged is installed at each of the water intake and the water outlet. The temperature difference between the seawater temperature measured at the intake and the seawater temperature measured at the outlet is a predetermined agreement value (for example, 7 ° C.) according to a pollution prevention agreement in order to prevent an increase in seawater temperature. It is determined to be less than.

このように、取水口と放水口における海水温度の温度差の上昇を防ぐために、この温度差が設定値(例えば、6.7℃)以上になると温度差上昇警報を発生し、作業員等が発電量を低減する、すなわち、復水器の負荷を抑制することによって放水口より排出される海水温度を降下させて温度差を低減する技術が、例えば、特許文献1に記載されている。
上述の取水口で測定される海水の温度は、何らかの自然現象により突発的に急激に変化することがある。そして、このように温度が急激に上昇した状態の(例えば、15分間で0.3℃など)取水口における海水が、復水器の冷却水として使用されると、この使用後の海水が放水口から排出される際に測定される放水口海水温度が上昇する。
Thus, in order to prevent an increase in the temperature difference between the seawater temperatures at the intake port and the discharge port, when this temperature difference exceeds a set value (for example, 6.7 ° C.), a temperature difference increase alarm is generated, For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for reducing the temperature difference by reducing the temperature of seawater discharged from the outlet by reducing the power generation amount, that is, by suppressing the load on the condenser.
The temperature of the seawater measured at the above intake may suddenly change suddenly due to some natural phenomenon. Then, when seawater at the intake port in which the temperature has rapidly increased (for example, 0.3 ° C. for 15 minutes) is used as cooling water for the condenser, the seawater after use is released. The outlet seawater temperature measured when discharged from the outlet rises.

図6には、取水口海水温度、及び放水口海水温度と時間との関係を示している。取水口海水温度が測定され、冷却水として使用された後、放水口において海水の温度が測定されるまでに必要な時間は、一般的に、使用されるポンプの能力等の要因により異なるが、図の例では20分に固定して説明する。   FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the intake seawater temperature and the outlet seawater temperature and time. After the intake seawater temperature is measured and used as cooling water, the time required until the seawater temperature is measured at the outlet is generally different depending on factors such as the capacity of the pump used, In the example shown in the figure, the description is fixed at 20 minutes.

また、図のグラフでは、縦軸に温度T(℃)、横軸に時間t(分)をとっており、取水口における海水温度をTin(t)、放水口における海水温度をTout(t)、環境協定値を7.0℃、警報設定値を6.8℃とする。ただし、T(t)は、温度Tが時間tの関数であることを示している。 In the graph of the figure, the vertical axis represents temperature T (° C.), the horizontal axis represents time t (minutes), the seawater temperature at the intake is T in (t), and the seawater temperature at the outlet is T out ( t) The environmental agreement value is 7.0 ° C and the alarm set value is 6.8 ° C. However, T (t) indicates that the temperature T is a function of the time t.

そして、実線で取水口温度を示し、破線で放水口温度を示しており、説明の簡略化のために、微小な海水温度の変化(0.01℃以下程度)は無視している。取水口で測定される海水温度は、外気等の要因により種々変化するが、図の例では、特別な変化のない静的な状態において、取水口海水温度Tin(t)が一定の10℃であるとする。 The intake port temperature is indicated by a solid line, and the outlet temperature is indicated by a broken line, and a slight change in seawater temperature (about 0.01 ° C. or less) is ignored for simplification of explanation. The seawater temperature measured at the intake port varies depending on factors such as outside air, but in the example shown in the figure, the intake seawater temperature T in (t) is a constant 10 ° C. in a static state without any particular change. Suppose that

そして、同様に特別な変化のない静的な状態において、復水器の負荷状況も一定で、放水口から放出される海水の温度は、取水口で測定された海水の温度+6.5℃であるとする。すなわち、放水口海水温度Tout(t)=16.5℃であり、放水口海水温度Tout(t)と取水口海水温度Tin(t)との差である両口海水温度差が、Tout(t)−Tin(t)=6.5℃となっている。 Similarly, in a static state without any special change, the load condition of the condenser is also constant, and the temperature of the seawater discharged from the outlet is the seawater temperature measured at the intake + 6.5 ° C. Suppose there is. That is, the outlet seawater temperature T out (t) = 16.5 ° C., and the two-port seawater temperature difference, which is the difference between the outlet seawater temperature T out (t) and the intake seawater temperature T in (t), T out (t) −T in (t) = 6.5 ° C.

この状態では、警報設定値6.8−各口温度差(Tout(t)−Tin(t))=0.3>0であるので、警報が鳴ることなく復水器は正常に運転される。ここで、突発的な自然現象により、時刻10≦t≦17の間で海水温度が上昇する場合について説明する。この10≦t≦17の間における時刻t1で、両口海水温度差Tout(t1)−Tin(t1)の値は6.5℃なので警報設定値6.8を超えることはないが、取水口における海水温度上昇の影響を受けた海水が20分後に放水口から放出される際には、放水口海水温度Toutが上昇する。従って、時刻t=30以降の時刻において放水口の海水の温度が上昇すると、Tout(t)−Tin(t)の値が定められた警報設定値を超え、作業員に報知が行われる。 In this state, since the alarm set value 6.8−temperature difference between each port (T out (t) −T in (t)) = 0.3> 0, the condenser operates normally without sounding an alarm. Is done. Here, the case where seawater temperature rises between time 10 <= t <= 17 by a sudden natural phenomenon is demonstrated. At time t1 between 10 ≦ t ≦ 17, the value of the seawater temperature difference T out (t1) −T in (t1) is 6.5 ° C., so the alarm set value 6.8 is not exceeded. When seawater affected by the rise in seawater temperature at the intake port is released from the outlet after 20 minutes, the outlet seawater temperature Tout increases. Therefore, if the temperature of the seawater at the outlet increases at time after time t = 30, the value of T out (t) −T in (t) exceeds the set alarm set value, and the worker is notified. .

そして、t=30で報知を受けた作業員は、復水器の負荷抑制を行い、放水口における海水温度が低くなるようにし、取水口と放水口における海水の温度差が警報設定値6.8を下回るように調整する。   Then, the worker who has received the notification at t = 30 suppresses the load on the condenser so that the seawater temperature at the water outlet becomes low, and the temperature difference between the seawater at the water intake and the water outlet is the alarm set value 6. Adjust to below 8.

特開2002−340483号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-340483

しかし、時刻t=30で報知を受けた作業員が、速やかに復水器の負荷抑制を行っても、放水口の海水温度が実際に低下するとき(図のt=t2)までにタイムラグがあり、その間に上記両口海水温度差Tout(t)−Tin(t)が、時刻30≦t≦t2において警報設定値6.8を超えてしまう。そして、場合によっては、図6で示される状態のように、両口海水温度差Tout(t)−Tin(t)が、協定値7.0を超えてしまうという事態も起こりうる。また、このように協定値の超過が起こらなかったとしても、放水口の海水温度が実際に低下するまでのタイムラグの間に温度の高い海水が放水口から放出されてしまうという問題もあった。 However, even if the worker who received the notification at time t = 30 promptly suppresses the load on the condenser, there is a time lag until the seawater temperature at the outlet is actually lowered (t = t2 in the figure). In the meantime, the two-port seawater temperature difference T out (t) −T in (t) exceeds the alarm set value 6.8 at time 30 ≦ t ≦ t2. Then, in some cases, as in the state shown in FIG. 6, both openings seawater temperature difference T out (t) -T in ( t) it is, can occur a situation that exceeds the agreement value 7.0. In addition, even if the agreed value does not exceed in this way, there is a problem that seawater having a high temperature is discharged from the outlet during the time lag until the seawater temperature at the outlet becomes actually lowered.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、自然現象等による突発的な海水温度の上昇を検出した際に、この海水温度上昇に対応して速やかに温度差上昇警報を発生することのできる温度差上昇警報発生方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances. The purpose of the present invention is to detect a sudden increase in seawater temperature due to a natural phenomenon or the like. An object of the present invention is to provide a temperature difference increase alarm generation method capable of generating an increase alarm.

上記課題を解決するために請求項1に記載の温度差上昇警報発生方法は、
取水口から取水された海水を発電所の復水器の冷却水として使用し、所定時間後に使用後の海水が放水口から放出される復水器冷却システムで、前記取水口で測定される海水温度と前記放水口で測定される海水温度の温度差が予め設定された値を超えると温度差上昇警報を発する温度差上昇警報発生方法であって、前記取水口における海水の温度を測定して監視し、該海水温度の上昇を検出する温度測定監視工程と、前記温度上昇が検出された時点から前記所定時間後の前記放水口の海水温度と前記取水口の海水温度との差を予測して算出する温度差予測算出工程と、前記温度差予測算出工程で予測算出された温度差が、前記予め設定された値を超えた場合、前記温度差上昇警報を行う温度差上昇警報発生工程と、を有することを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the temperature difference increase alarm generation method according to claim 1,
Seawater taken from the intake is used as cooling water for the condenser of the power plant, and the seawater measured at the intake is a condenser cooling system in which the used seawater is discharged from the outlet after a predetermined time. A temperature difference increase alarm generation method for generating a temperature difference increase alarm when a temperature difference between a temperature and a seawater temperature measured at the outlet exceeds a preset value, wherein the temperature of seawater at the intake is measured. Monitoring and detecting a rise in the seawater temperature, and predicting a difference between the seawater temperature at the outlet and the seawater temperature at the intake after the predetermined time from when the temperature rise is detected. And a temperature difference increase alarm generation step for performing the temperature difference increase alarm when the temperature difference predicted and calculated in the temperature difference prediction calculation step exceeds the preset value; It is characterized by having

これによれば、突発的な自然現象などの理由により起こる取水口の海水温度上昇の影響により、所定時間後に上昇するであろう放水口の海水温度と該海水温度上昇が起こる前の取水口の海水温度との差(両口海水温度差)を予測算出し、この予測温度差値が予め定められた設定値を超えた場合に、温度差上昇警報を発生させるようにしたので、実際に両口海水温度差が上昇してしまう前に、その上昇を防止するための復水器の負荷抑制を速やかに行うことができる。   According to this, due to the influence of the intake seawater temperature rise due to a sudden natural phenomenon or the like, the seawater temperature of the outlet which will rise after a predetermined time and the intake water before the seawater temperature rise occurs. Since the difference between the seawater temperature (the seawater temperature difference between the two ports) was predicted and calculated, and the predicted temperature difference value exceeded a preset value, a temperature difference increase alarm was generated. Before the mouth seawater temperature difference rises, it is possible to quickly suppress the condenser load to prevent the rise.

請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項1に記載の温度差上昇警報発生方法において、
前記温度差予測算出工程における予測算出は、前記取水口の海水温度の上昇が検出された時点の放水口の海水温度に、前記取水口の海水温度の上昇値を加算し、該加算により得られた値から前記取水口の前記温度上昇前の海水温度を減じることで行われることを特徴とする。これによれば、上記両口海水温度差の予測算出を容易に行うことができる。
The invention according to claim 2 is the temperature difference increase alarm generation method according to claim 1,
Prediction calculation in the temperature difference prediction calculation step is obtained by adding an increase value of the seawater temperature of the intake port to the seawater temperature of the water discharge port at the time when the increase of the seawater temperature of the intake port is detected. It is performed by subtracting the seawater temperature before the temperature rise of the water intake from the measured value. According to this, it is possible to easily perform the prediction calculation of the two-port seawater temperature difference.

請求項3に記載の発明は、請求項2に記載の温度差上昇警報発生方法において、前記温度測定監視工程では、前記取水口における海水の温度の変化中の所定の海水温度変化時刻t1における取水口海水温度Tin(t1)と、前記海水温度の上昇が発生する前の温度変化前時刻t1−a(aは、正の実数)における取水口海水温度である基準海水温度Tin(t1−a)との差Tin(t1)―Tin(t1−a)を、監視し、前記温度差予測算出工程では、前記取水口海水温度変化Tin(t1)―Tin(t1−a)と、前記温度変化時刻t1における放水口海水温度Tout(t1)と前記取水口海水温度Tin(t1)との差である両口海水温度差Tout(t1)−Tin(t1)とを用いて、以下の式I According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method of generating a temperature difference alarm according to the second aspect, in the temperature measurement monitoring step, water intake at a predetermined seawater temperature change time t1 during a change in seawater temperature at the water intake port. The inlet seawater temperature T in (t1) and the reference seawater temperature T in (t1−) that is the intake seawater temperature at the time t1-a (a is a positive real number) before the temperature change before the seawater temperature rises. The difference T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) from a) is monitored, and in the temperature difference prediction calculation step, the intake seawater temperature change T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) And the two-port seawater temperature difference T out (t1) −T in (t1), which is the difference between the outlet seawater temperature T out (t1) and the intake seawater temperature T in (t1) at the temperature change time t1. Using the following formula I

Figure 2011002127


により、前記予測の温度差ΔTalaを算出することを特徴とする。
本発明は、予測温度差値ΔTalaの算出の具体的な態様を与えたものであり、これにより、時刻t1の時点において予測温度差値ΔTalaを周知の演算処理法で容易に行うことができる。
Figure 2011002127


Thus, the predicted temperature difference ΔT ala is calculated.
The present invention provides a specific mode of calculation of the predicted temperature difference value ΔT ala , whereby the predicted temperature difference value ΔT ala can be easily performed by a known arithmetic processing method at the time t1. it can.

請求項4に記載の発明は、請求項3に記載の温度差上昇警報発生方法において、
前記取水口海水温度変化の絶対値|Tin(t1)―Tin(t1−a)|が、予め設定された設定値を超えると、海水温度が変化したことを知らせる海水温度変化警報を発する海水温度変化警報工程をさらに有することを特徴とする。
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the temperature difference increase alarm generation method according to the third aspect,
When the absolute value | T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) | of the intake port seawater temperature exceeds a preset value, a seawater temperature change alarm is issued to notify that the seawater temperature has changed. It further has a seawater temperature change warning process.

これによれば、取水口海水温度変化の絶対値|Tin(t1)―Tin(t1−a)|が、予め定められた設定値を超える、すなわち、取水口における海水温度に所定基準値以上の変化が生じた場合、この変化を作業員に知らせることができる。従って、その後、作業員がこの変化を確認し、取水口海水温度変化Tin(t1)―Tin(t1−a)>0、すなわち、取水口海水温度が上昇していると確認された場合には、作業員は自然現象による海水温度の変化の兆しとして該温度変化に備えることができる。 According to this, the absolute value | T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) | of the intake seawater temperature change exceeds a predetermined set value, that is, the seawater temperature at the intake is a predetermined reference value. When the above changes occur, this change can be notified to the worker. Therefore, after that, when the worker confirms this change and it is confirmed that the intake seawater temperature change T in (t1) −T in (t1−a)> 0, that is, the intake seawater temperature is rising. In addition, the worker can prepare for the temperature change as a sign of a change in seawater temperature due to a natural phenomenon.

一方で、上述の作業員による変化の確認で、取水口海水温度変化Tin(t1)―Tin(t1−a)<0、すなわち、取水口海水温度が降下していると確認された場合には、作業員は取水口の海水温度と放水口の海水温度の温度差を低下させるような復水器の負荷抑制等の作業に備えることができる。 On the other hand, when the change by the above-described worker is confirmed that the intake seawater temperature change T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) <0, that is, the intake seawater temperature is decreasing. Therefore, the worker can prepare for work such as load control of the condenser that reduces the temperature difference between the seawater temperature at the intake and the seawater temperature at the outlet.

本発明によれば、突発的な自然現象などの理由により起こる取水口の海水温度上昇の影響により、所定時間後に上昇するであろう放水口の海水温度と該海水温度上昇が起こる前の取水口の海水温度との差(両口海水温度差)を予測算出し、この予測温度差値が予め定められた設定値を超えた場合に、温度差上昇警報を発生させるようにしたので、実際に両口海水温度差が上昇してしまう前に、その上昇を防止するための復水器の負荷抑制を速やかに行うことができる。   According to the present invention, due to the influence of the seawater temperature rise at the water intake that occurs due to a sudden natural phenomenon or the like, the seawater temperature at the water outlet that will rise after a predetermined time and the water intake before the seawater temperature rises. The difference between the seawater temperature and the seawater temperature difference (both mouths seawater temperature) was predicted, and when this predicted temperature difference value exceeded a preset value, a temperature difference rise alarm was generated. Before the both-end seawater temperature difference rises, it is possible to quickly suppress the condenser load to prevent the rise.

復水器冷却システムの概略構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic structure of a condenser cooling system. 本実施の形態にかかる温度差上昇警報方法に使用するハードウェア構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the hardware constitutions used for the temperature difference rise warning method concerning this Embodiment. 温度差上昇警報を発生させる制御の流れを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the flow of control which generates a temperature difference raise alarm. 取水口における海水温度及び放水口における海水温度の時間変化を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the time change of the seawater temperature in a water intake, and the seawater temperature in a water discharge port. 他の実施の形態における、取水口における海水温度及び放水口における海水温度の時間変化を示した図である。It is the figure which showed the time change of the seawater temperature in a water intake and the seawater temperature in a water discharge port in other embodiment. 従来技術を示す図である。It is a figure which shows a prior art.

以下、本発明にかかる実施の形態について図面を参照して詳細に説明する。なお、上記背景技術の項目で説明した各要素と同様の要素には、同一の記号を用い、その説明を省略する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same symbol is used for the same element as the element described in the item of the background art, and the description thereof is omitted.

図1は、本実施の形態における発電所の復水器冷却システムの概略構成を示す図である。図示のように、復水器冷却システム10は、海中に設けられた取水口12から循環ポンプPにより海水を吸水し、復水器14における冷却水として使用した後の所定時間後(本実施の形態では、20分後)に、使用後の海水を海中に設けられた放水口16から放出するシステムである。そして、取水口12の付近には、吸水する海水の温度を測定する取水口海水温度測定器20が設けられ、放水口16の付近には、排出する海水の温度を測定する放水口海水温度測定器22が設けられている。   FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a condenser cooling system for a power plant in the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the condenser cooling system 10 absorbs seawater from a water intake 12 provided in the sea by means of a circulation pump P and is used as cooling water in the condenser 14 after a predetermined time (this embodiment In the embodiment, after 20 minutes), the seawater after use is discharged from a water outlet 16 provided in the sea. A water intake seawater temperature measuring device 20 for measuring the temperature of the seawater to be absorbed is provided in the vicinity of the water intake 12, and a water outlet temperature measurement for measuring the temperature of the discharged seawater is provided in the vicinity of the water outlet 16. A vessel 22 is provided.

図2は、上記復水器冷却システム10において、海水温度差上昇警報を発生させるためのハードウェア構成を示すブロック図である。図示のように、取水口海水温度測定器20及び放水口海水温度測定器22において測定されたそれぞれの海水温度が送信される制御コンピュータ24が設置されている。   FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration for generating a seawater temperature difference increase alarm in the condenser cooling system 10. As shown in the figure, a control computer 24 to which the seawater temperatures measured in the intake seawater temperature measuring device 20 and the outlet seawater temperature measuring device 22 are transmitted is installed.

この制御コンピュータ24は、取水口海水温度測定器20より受信した取水口海水温度を記憶する取水口海水温度メモリ25と、放水口海水温度測定器22より受信した放水口海水温度を記憶する放水口海水温度メモリ26と、これら取水口海水温度メモリ25と放水口海水温度メモリ26にそれぞれ記憶された取水口海水温度及び放水口海水温度をパラメータとして、特定の演算を行い演算結果を出力する演算手段27と、警報発生の設定値を記憶した警報発生設定値メモリ28と、演算手段27により出力された演算結果の数値と警報発生設定値を比較して、当該演算結果の数値が上記警報発生設定値を超えた場合に、警報発生設定値超過信号を送信する数値判定手段29を有している。   The control computer 24 includes an intake seawater temperature memory 25 that stores the intake seawater temperature received from the intake seawater temperature measuring device 20, and a discharge outlet that stores the outlet seawater temperature received from the discharge seawater temperature measuring device 22. Seawater temperature memory 26 and computing means for performing specific computations and outputting computation results using the intake seawater temperature memory 25 and the outlet seawater temperature memory 26 respectively stored in the intake seawater temperature memory 25 and the outlet seawater temperature memory 26 as parameters. 27, the alarm generation set value memory 28 storing the alarm generation set value, the numerical value of the calculation result output by the calculation means 27 and the alarm generation set value are compared, and the numerical value of the calculation result is the alarm generation setting. When the value is exceeded, it has a numerical value judging means 29 for transmitting an alarm generation set value excess signal.

また、この数値判定手段29による警報発生設定値超過信号を受信すると、作業員等に復水器14の負荷を低下させることを促す報知として、警報を発する警報発生手段30が設置されている。   In addition, an alarm generating means 30 that issues an alarm is installed as a notification that prompts a worker or the like to reduce the load on the condenser 14 when an alarm generation set value excess signal is received by the numerical determination means 29.

図3は、温度差上昇警報を発生させる制御の流れを示す図であり、図4は、本実施の形態における取水口の海水温度及び放水口の海水温度の時間変化を示した図である。なお、以下で説明する時間、及び温度の単位は、全て、それぞれ、分、及び℃であるので、簡略化のためその記載を省略する   FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a flow of control for generating a temperature difference increase alarm, and FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating temporal changes in the seawater temperature at the intake port and the seawater temperature at the discharge port in the present embodiment. In addition, since the units of time and temperature described below are all minutes and ° C., respectively, description thereof is omitted for simplification.

先ず、自然現象等の原因により時刻t=10において突発的な海水温度の上昇が起こり、t=17まで取水口における海水温度Tinが、10から10.6に上昇する。すなわち、10≦t≦17を満たすあるt=t1に対して、取水口12における海水温度Tin(t1)=10.6(図3のS1)であり、海水温度変化前の通常の静的な状態であるa分前における取水口海水温度メモリ25に記録された取水口海水温度Tin(t1−a)=10(S2)である。なお、aは、0より大きい任意に設定される実数(好ましくは、整数)である。従って、取水口12における海水温度変化は、Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)=0.6(S3)として算出される。 First, the increase will occur and the catastrophic sea water temperature at time t = 10 due to a cause such as natural phenomena, seawater temperature T in the intake port to the t = 17 rises from 10 to 10.6. That is, for a certain t = t1 that satisfies 10 ≦ t ≦ 17, the seawater temperature T in (t1) = 10.6 (S1 in FIG. 3) at the intake port 12 and normal static before the seawater temperature changes That is, the intake seawater temperature T in (t1−a) = 10 (S2) recorded in the intake seawater temperature memory 25 a minute before. Note that a is a real number (preferably an integer) arbitrarily set greater than 0. Therefore, the seawater temperature change in the intake port 12 is calculated as T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) = 0.6 (S3).

そして、この取水口海水温度変化Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)の絶対値化を行い(S4)、その絶対値|Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)|が、予め定められた設定値0.2を超えているかどうかを判定手段29により判定する(S5)。この判定により絶対値|Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)|が、0.2を超えていると判定された場合、警報発生手段30は海水温度が変化したことを作業員等に知らせる温度変化警報を発生させる(S6)。本実施の形態では、Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)=0.6であるので、温度急変警報の設定値0.2を超えているので、温度変化警報を発生させる。 Then, the intake seawater temperature change T in (t1) −T in (t1-a) is converted into an absolute value (S4), and the absolute value | T in (t1) −T in (t1-a) | Then, it is determined by the determination means 29 whether or not a predetermined set value 0.2 is exceeded (S5). When it is determined by this determination that the absolute value | T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) | exceeds 0.2, the alarm generation means 30 indicates that the seawater temperature has changed, such as a worker. A temperature change alarm to notify is generated (S6). In the present embodiment, since T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) = 0.6, since the temperature sudden change alarm setting value 0.2 is exceeded, a temperature change alarm is generated.

これにより、作業員は温度変化警報を聞いて温度変化の事実を知り、取水口海水温度が上昇しているのか、或いは、降下しているのか、すなわち、Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)が正であるか負であるかの確認を行う。本実施の形態では、取水口海水温度が上昇している(Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)>0)ので、作業員は、潜在的な両口海水温度の上昇に備え、復水器の負荷を低減させる作業の準備を行うことができる。
なお、作業員により温度の降下が確認された場合(取水口海水温度変化Tin(t)―Tin(t−a)<0の場合)、作業員は取水口の海水温度Tin(t)と放水口の海水温度Tout(t1)の温度差を低下させるように、復水器14の負荷抑制作業を速やかに行うことができる。
Thereby, the worker hears the temperature change alarm and knows the fact of the temperature change, and whether the intake seawater temperature is rising or falling, that is, T in (t1) −T in (t1 Confirm whether -a) is positive or negative. In the present embodiment, since the intake seawater temperature is rising (T in (t1) −T in (t1−a)> 0), the worker prepares for a potential increase in the seawater temperature at both mouths, Preparations can be made to reduce the load on the condenser.
In addition, when the temperature drop is confirmed by the worker (when the intake seawater temperature change T in (t) −T in (ta) <0), the worker uses the intake seawater temperature T in (t ) And the seawater temperature T out (t1) at the outlet, the load suppression operation of the condenser 14 can be quickly performed.

一方で、時刻t1の時点における放水口16の海水温度Tout(t1)は、取水口海水温度が変化した直後はまだ変化しておらず、Tout(t1)=16.5(S7)である。従って、時刻t1における取水口海水温度と放水口海水温度の差である両口海水温度差はTout(t1)−Tin(t1)は、6.5と算出される(S8)。なお、本実施の形態における両口海水温度差6.5は、復水器14の負荷状態等の要因に応じて変動するものであり、6.5という値に限定されるものではない。
そして、上述の取水口における海水温度上昇値Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)と、両口海水温度差はTout(t1)−Tin(t1)を用いて、以下の式、
On the other hand, the seawater temperature T out (t1) of the outlet 16 at time t1 has not changed yet immediately after the intake seawater temperature has changed, and T out (t1) = 16.5 (S7). is there. Therefore, the Tout (t1) −T in (t1) is calculated as 6.5 as the difference between the seawater temperature at the inlet and the seawater temperature at the outlet t1 (S8). In addition, the both-end seawater temperature difference 6.5 in this Embodiment fluctuates according to factors, such as the load state of the condenser 14, and is not limited to the value of 6.5.
Then, the seawater temperature rise value T in the intake of above (t1) -T in (t1- a), both openings seawater temperature difference using T out (t1) -T in ( t1), the following formula ,

Figure 2011002127


より、予測温度差ΔTalaを算出する(S9)。すなわち、このΔTalaは、取水口の温度上昇時における放水口海水温度Tout(t1)に、取水口の海水温度上昇値Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)を加算し、得られた値に温度変化前の取水口の海水温度Tin(t1−a)を減じたものである。
Figure 2011002127


Thus, the predicted temperature difference ΔT ala is calculated (S9). That is, this ΔT ala is obtained by adding the intake seawater temperature rise value T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) to the discharge seawater temperature T out (t1) at the time of intake water temperature rise. The obtained value is obtained by subtracting the seawater temperature T in (t1-a) at the intake port before the temperature change.

そして、この予測温度差ΔTalaが、予め定められた警報設定値6.8を超えているかどうかを判定し(S10)、予測温度差ΔTalaが、警報設定値6.8を超えている場合、警報発生手段30は取水口12と放水口16の温度差が大きくなったことを作業員等に知らせる温度差上昇警報を発生する(S11)。 Then, it is determined whether or not the predicted temperature difference ΔT ala exceeds a predetermined alarm set value 6.8 (S10), and the predicted temperature difference ΔT ala exceeds the alarm set value 6.8. The alarm generating means 30 generates a temperature difference increase alarm notifying the worker or the like that the temperature difference between the water intake 12 and the water outlet 16 has increased (S11).

これにより、突発的な自然現象などの理由により起こる取水口12の温度上昇の影響により、20分後の放水口16の放水口海水温度Tout(t1+20)と、海水温度が上昇する前の平静な状態における取水口12の海水温度との差を、上記式1を用いて時刻t=t1の時点で予測算出し、この予測温度差値ΔTalaが設定値の6.8を超えた場合に、温度差上昇警報を発生させるようにしたので、実際に両口海水温度差が上昇してしまう前に、作業者等はその上昇を防止するために、復水器14の負荷を抑制することができる。なお、本実施の形態では、温度上昇が終了する時刻t=17の時点で復水器14の負荷抑制が実行され、時刻t=20の時点において、両口海水温度差は、温度差上昇警報が発生しない程度に低下している。従って、時刻t=30の時点における放水口の海水温度上昇が発生しても、この時刻において両口海水温度差が、協定値7.0を超えることをほぼ確実に防止することができる。 Thereby, due to the influence of the temperature rise of the water intake 12 caused by a sudden natural phenomenon or the like, the water outlet seawater temperature T out (t1 + 20) of the water outlet 16 after 20 minutes and the calm before the seawater temperature rises. When the difference between the intake water 12 and the seawater temperature in the normal state is predicted and calculated at the time t = t1 using the above equation 1, the predicted temperature difference value ΔT ala exceeds the set value 6.8. Since the temperature difference increase alarm is generated, before the temperature difference between the two-port seawater actually increases, the workers or the like suppress the load on the condenser 14 in order to prevent the increase. Can do. In the present embodiment, the load suppression of the condenser 14 is executed at the time t = 17 when the temperature rise ends, and at the time t = 20, the seawater temperature difference between the two ports is a temperature difference rise warning. It is lowered to the extent that does not occur. Therefore, even if the seawater temperature rise at the outlet at time t = 30 occurs, it is possible to almost certainly prevent the seawater temperature difference between the two outlets from exceeding the agreed value 7.0 at this time.

また、本実施の形態では、上述のように、Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)が、上記温度急変警報の設定値である0.2を超えており、且つΔTalaが温度差上昇警報の設定値である6.8を超えていた。従って、温度急変警報、及び温度差上昇警報の両方を発生させている。しかし、一方で、Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)が、上記温度急変警報の設定値である0.2を超えており、且つΔTalaが温度差上昇警報の設定値である6.8を下回っている場合には、温度差上昇警報は発生せず、温度急変警報のみを発生する。従って、作業員は、潜在的に温度差上昇警報の設定値や環境協定値を超えてしまうような両口海水温度差の変化に備えることができる。 In the present embodiment, as described above, T in (t1) −T in (t1-a) exceeds 0.2, which is the set value for the temperature sudden change alarm, and ΔT ala is a temperature. It exceeded 6.8, which is the setting value for the differential rise warning. Therefore, both a sudden temperature change alarm and a temperature difference rise alarm are generated. However, on the other hand, T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) exceeds 0.2, which is the set value for the sudden temperature change alarm, and ΔT ala is the set value for the temperature difference rise alarm. When the temperature is lower than 6.8, the temperature difference rise alarm is not generated and only the temperature sudden change alarm is generated. Therefore, the worker can prepare for a change in the seawater temperature difference between the two mouths that would potentially exceed the set value of the temperature difference rise alarm or the environmental agreement value.

なお、本発明は、上記実施の形態に限られるものではなく、発明の要旨の範囲内で種々の変更が可能である。例えば、上記実施の形態では、図4等から明らかなように、説明の簡略化のため、取水口12や放水口16の海水温度の上昇時間が極めて短時間で行われるものとみなし(例えば、Tin(t)はt=t1で、10から10.6となっている。)、また、取水口及び放水口の海水温度変化が一定であるものとしているが(例えば、Tin(t)−Tin(t−a)は、10≦t≦17で、常に0.6である。)、図5に示すように、海水温度変化が一定で無い場合でも、本発明は、適用可能である。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, as is clear from FIG. 4 and the like, for the sake of simplification of explanation, it is assumed that the rise time of the seawater temperature of the water intake 12 and the water discharge port 16 is performed in a very short time (for example, T in (t) is 10 to 10.6 at t = t 1), and the seawater temperature changes at the intake and outlet are constant (for example, T in (t) -T in (ta) is 10 ≦ t ≦ 17 and is always 0.6.) As shown in FIG. 5, the present invention is applicable even when the seawater temperature change is not constant. is there.

この場合、具体的には、取水口海水温度差Tin(t)−Tin(t−a)が、10≦t≦17で最大値をとるtをt1とし、このt1において、上記式1を計算することで予測温度差ΔTalaを算出することが可能である。 In this case, specifically, t1 where the intake seawater temperature difference T in (t) −T in (ta) takes a maximum value when 10 ≦ t ≦ 17 is defined as t1, and at this t1, the above formula 1 It is possible to calculate the predicted temperature difference ΔT ala by calculating.

また、本実施の形態では、上述のように、予測温度差ΔTalaを、取水口の温度上昇時における放水口海水温度Tout(t1)に、取水口の海水温度上昇値Tin(t1)−Tin(t1−a)を加算し、得られた値に温度変化前の取水口の海水温度Tin(t1−a)を減じることで算出しているが、これに限られるものではなく、例えば、復水器14の稼働状況等をパラメータとして、予測温度差ΔTalaを式1以外の式により算出するようにしても良い。
Further, in the present embodiment, as described above, the predicted temperature difference ΔT ala is changed from the discharge seawater temperature T out (t1) when the intake port temperature is increased to the seawater temperature increase value T in (t1) of the intake port. It is calculated by adding -T in (t1-a) and subtracting the seawater temperature T in (t1-a) at the intake port before the temperature change to the obtained value, but is not limited to this. For example, the predicted temperature difference ΔT ala may be calculated by an expression other than Expression 1 using the operating status of the condenser 14 as a parameter.

10 復水器冷却システム
12 取水口
14 復水器
16 放水口
20 取水口温度測定器
22 放水口温度測定器
30 警報発生手段
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Condenser cooling system 12 Intake port 14 Condenser 16 Outlet 20 Inlet temperature measuring device 22 Outlet temperature measuring device 30 Alarm generating means

Claims (4)

取水口から取水された海水を発電所の復水器の冷却水として使用し、所定時間後に使用後の海水が放水口から放出される復水器冷却システムで、前記取水口で測定される海水温度と前記放水口で測定される海水温度の温度差が予め設定された値を超えると温度差上昇警報を発する温度差上昇警報発生方法であって、
前記取水口における海水の温度を測定して監視し、該海水温度の上昇を検出する温度測定監視工程と、
前記温度上昇が検出された時点から前記所定時間後の前記放水口の海水温度と前記取水口の海水温度との差を予測して算出する温度差予測算出工程と、
前記温度差予測算出工程で予測算出された温度差が、前記予め設定された値を超えた場合、前記温度差上昇警報を行う温度差上昇警報発生工程と、
を有することを特徴とする温度差上昇警報発生方法。
Seawater taken from the intake is used as cooling water for the condenser of the power plant, and the seawater measured at the intake is a condenser cooling system in which seawater after use is discharged from the outlet after a predetermined time. A temperature difference increase alarm generation method for issuing a temperature difference increase alarm when a temperature difference between a temperature and a seawater temperature measured at the outlet exceeds a preset value,
A temperature measurement monitoring step for measuring and monitoring the temperature of seawater at the intake, and detecting an increase in the seawater temperature;
A temperature difference prediction calculation step of predicting and calculating a difference between the seawater temperature of the outlet and the seawater temperature of the intake after the predetermined time from the time when the temperature rise is detected;
When the temperature difference predicted and calculated in the temperature difference prediction calculation step exceeds the preset value, a temperature difference increase alarm generation step for performing the temperature difference increase alarm; and
A temperature difference increase alarm generation method characterized by comprising:
前記温度差予測算出工程における予測算出は、
前記取水口の海水温度の上昇が検出された時点の放水口の海水温度に、前記取水口の海水温度の上昇値を加算し、該加算により得られた値から前記取水口の前記温度上昇前の海水温度を減じることで行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の温度差上昇警報発生方法。
Prediction calculation in the temperature difference prediction calculation step is:
The rise value of the seawater temperature of the intake port is added to the seawater temperature of the discharge port at the time when the rise of the seawater temperature of the intake port is detected, and before the temperature rise of the intake port from the value obtained by the addition The temperature difference increase alarm generation method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature difference increase alarm generation method is performed by reducing the seawater temperature.
前記温度測定監視工程では、
前記取水口における海水の温度の変化中の所定の海水温度変化時刻t1における取水口海水温度Tin(t1)と、前記海水温度の上昇が発生する前の温度変化前時刻t1−a(aは、正の実数)における取水口海水温度である基準海水温度Tin(t1−a)との差Tin(t1)―Tin(t1−a)を監視し、
前記温度差予測算出工程では、
前記取水口海水温度変化Tin(t1)―Tin(t1−a)と、前記温度変化時刻t1における放水口海水温度Tout(t1)と前記取水口海水温度Tin(t1)との差である両口海水温度差Tout(t1)−Tin(t1)と、を用いて、以下の式I
Figure 2011002127


により、前記予測の温度差ΔTalaを算出することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の温度差上昇警報発生方法。
In the temperature measurement monitoring step,
The intake seawater temperature T in (t1) at a predetermined seawater temperature change time t1 during the change in the temperature of the seawater at the intake, and the pre-temperature change time t1-a (a is the time before the seawater temperature rises) , The difference T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) from the reference seawater temperature T in (t1−a), which is the intake seawater temperature at a positive real number),
In the temperature difference prediction calculation step,
Difference between the intake seawater temperature change T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) and the discharge seawater temperature T out (t1) at the temperature change time t1 and the intake seawater temperature T in (t1) And the two-port seawater temperature difference T out (t1) −T in (t1)
Figure 2011002127


The temperature difference increase alarm generation method according to claim 2, wherein the predicted temperature difference ΔT ala is calculated by:
前期取水口海水温度変化の絶対値|Tin(t1)―Tin(t1−a)|が、予め設定された設定値を超えると、海水温度が変化したことを知らせる海水温度変化警報を発する海水温度変化警報工程をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の温度差上昇警報発生方法。 When the absolute value | T in (t1) −T in (t1−a) | of the first-stage intake seawater temperature exceeds a preset value, a seawater temperature change alarm is issued to notify that the seawater temperature has changed. 4. The temperature difference increase alarm generation method according to claim 3, further comprising a seawater temperature change alarm step.
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