JP2010260950A - Carbonizing dry distillation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonizing dry distillation apparatus releasing generated carbon monoxide after converting to carbon dioxide and quickly dissolving contained components of residual gas left after extracting a dry distillation liquid. <P>SOLUTION: The carbonizing dry distillation apparatus includes a fumigation chamber 1 to fumigate vegetable waste materials, a dry distillation liquid storing chamber 2 to take fumigation gas in the fumigation chamber 1 with a suction duct 2a and liquefy the gas by cooling, a deodorizing and desmoking water tank chamber 3 to take a remaining gas in the dry distillation liquid storing tank 2 with a suction duct 3a and dissolving the contained components in water, and an electric high-temperature hot-air heater 5 to take the remaining gas in the deodorizing and desmoking water tank chamber 3 with a suction duct 5a after dissolving the contained components, burn the gas at ≥800°C and discharge it to atmosphere. The deodorizing and desmoking water tank chamber 3 is provided with a rotary blade above the water surface, a water-spraying pipe 4c to spray water to the rotary blade, and a remaining gas take-in port positioned lateral to the rotary blade and connected with the suction duct 3a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbonization carbonization apparatus for producing a carbonization liquid by fumigation of plant waste materials such as agricultural residues, crops, stems, leaves and roots.

  Conventionally, a smoldering and reusing apparatus for organic waste is disclosed in Patent Document 1. This technology eliminates the components contained in the residual gas in the dry distillation liquid recovery chamber, the double-fired combustion chamber in which the organic waste is fired, the dry distillation liquid recovery chamber that cools and liquefies the black smoke gas in the baking fire chamber. It consists of a solution tank that dissolves in odor liquid or neutralizing liquid, and an exhaust pipe that discharges bubbles after dissolution in the liquid in the solution tank to the atmosphere. Organic waste materials are consumed without consuming fossil fuel. The volume can be drastically reduced, and it is also possible to extract the dry distillation liquid which is a recycling resource.

  By the way, in the above technique, components such as tar and odor are almost removed from the gas released to the atmosphere, but it has carbon monoxide harmful to the human body, and there is a problem that the installation location is limited to the outdoors. there were. In addition, the solution tank is divided into multiple liquid chambers and provided with a filter in order to dissolve the contained components securely by making the bubbles of the residual gas taken into the solution fine, and it takes time to dissolve the contained components. Needed.

JP 2005-48150 A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve these conventional problems, convert the generated carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and release it to the atmosphere, and further, the components contained in the residual gas after the dry distillation liquid extraction can be reduced for a short time. It is to be able to dissolve.

The configuration of the present invention that solves this problem is as follows.
1) A fumigation chamber for fumigating plant waste materials equipped with a waste material input port and an electric heater for initial heating, a dry distillation liquid storage room for taking in the fumigation gas in the fumigation chamber, cooling it, and liquefying, and a dry distillation liquid storage room The deodorized smoke-removing water tank chamber that takes in the residual gas and dissolves the contained components in water, and the residual gas after the dissolved components are dissolved in the deodorized smoke-removed water tank chamber and burns at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher. Carbonized carbonization device 2 composed of an electric hot hot air heater that is released into the atmosphere 2) A deodorizing and smoke removing water tank chamber is provided with a rotating blade on the surface of the water, and a sprinkling pipe for sprinkling water from above is provided on the rotating blade. A structure in which an intake port for taking in the residual gas in the dry distillation liquid storage chamber is provided at a side position of the rotary blade and connected to the suction duct, and a water tank chamber with a separate pump is further connected to the water spray pipe to eliminate the deodorization Smoke-free water tank indoor water tank The carbonization carbonization apparatus described in 1) above, which is provided with a return pipe, 3) A large and small cylindrical body in which a large number of holes are formed is concentrically arranged at a position adjacent to the rotary blade of the deodorant and smoke removal water tank chamber. A part of the hole is immersed in water, and the side position of the cylinder is connected to the pump and water supply pipe of the water tank room, and the return pipe of the water tank room is connected to the bottom surface of the deodorant and smoke removal water tank room The carbonization carbonization apparatus 4 according to 2), wherein two valves for pouring the carbonization liquid into the carbonization liquid storage chamber are provided at different heights. ) The fumigation chamber has a structure in which a space between the inner plate and the outer plate having a predetermined interval is sealed, a space between the plates is sealed, and a heat radiating plate is provided on the surface of the inner plate on the sealed space side. It exists in the carbonization carbonization apparatus in any one of 1) -4).

The present invention has the following effects.
1) Carbon monoxide generated by fumigation is completely burned at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher by an electric high-temperature hot-air heater, and becomes carbon dioxide before being released to the atmosphere. Accordingly, the released gas is harmless to the human body and the apparatus can be installed indoors.
2) The residual gas after dry distillation liquid extraction collides with the water scattered by the rotary blades to form a mist, and the contained components come into good contact with water and can be dissolved in a short time.

It is a general view of the carbonization-drying apparatus of an Example. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fumigation chamber of an Example. It is a partially notched perspective view of the dry distillation liquid storage chamber of an Example. It is a cross-sectional view of the deodorant and smoke removal water tank chamber of an Example. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG.

  In the present invention, when the structure described in 2) above is provided, the residual gas after the dry distillation liquid extraction is sprayed toward the rotating blades, the remaining gas collides with the water scattered by the rotating blades and becomes a mist, It comes in good contact with water and dissolves in a short time. If the structure of said 3) is comprised, water will distribute | circulate through the hole of a some cylindrical body, and will become a vortex | eddy_current, and the content component of residual gas will be further melt | dissolved in water. If it comprises the structure of said 4), dry distillation liquid from which purity differs can be poured out by a separate valve | bulb. If the structure of said 5) is comprised, the sealed space between an outer plate and an inner plate becomes a heat insulation layer, and an internal heat becomes difficult to be transmitted to an outer plate, and even if it touches an outer plate directly, it is hard to take a burn. Moreover, the heat sink of the inner plate actively dissipates internal heat to the sealed space to raise the temperature of the sealed space, and the heat insulation property of the heat insulating layer is further enhanced at the high temperature. Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 is an overall view of a carbonization carbonization apparatus of the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fumigation chamber of the embodiment, FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the dry distillation liquid storage chamber of the embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.

  In the figure, 1 is a fumigation chamber, 1a is an inner plate, 1b is an outer plate, 1c is a heat sink, 1d is a waste material inlet, 1e is an auxiliary material inlet, 1f is an electric heater, 1g is a perforated plate, 1h is ash exhaust Outlet, 2 is a dry distillation liquid storage chamber, 2a and 2b are suction ducts, 2c is a suction fan, 2d is a first valve, 2e is a second valve, 2f is a side wall, 2g is an inclined plate, 2h is an opening, 2i is a flow passage 3 is a deodorizing and smoking water tank chamber, 3a is a suction duct, 3b is a suction fan, 3c is an intake port, 3d is a rotary blade, 3e is a drive belt, 3f and 3g are motors, 3h is a pump, and 3i is a cylinder Body, 3j is a hole, 4 is a water tank chamber, 4a is a pump, 4b is a water supply pipe, 4c is a water spray pipe, 4d is a guide, 4e is a water supply pipe, 4f is a return pipe, 5 is a hot hot air heater, 5a is a suction duct , W is water.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the carbonization carbonization apparatus of the present embodiment includes a fumigation chamber 1 for fumigating plant waste materials, and a fumigation gas storage in which fumigation gas in the fumigation chamber 1 is taken in by a suction duct 2a and cooled to be liquefied. Chamber 2, a deodorized smoke-removing water tank chamber 3 that takes in the residual gas in the dry distillation liquid storage chamber 2 through the suction duct 3 a and dissolves the components contained in the water W, and the deodorized smoke-removed water tank chamber 3 This is composed of an electric high-temperature hot-air heater 5 that takes in the residual gas after dissolution of the contained components in the suction duct 5a, burns it at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher, and releases it to the atmosphere.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fumigation chamber 1 has a double structure of an inner plate 1a and an outer plate 1b spaced apart from each other, and seals a space between the inner plate 1a and the outer plate 1b. A large number of heat radiating plates 1c are projected from the surface of the sealed space. A waste material inlet 1d is provided at the upper front, a supplementary material inlet 1e is provided at the lower front, an electric heater 1f is attached to the bottom, and the plant waste material that has been introduced above the electric heater 1f is placed on the electric heater 1f. A perforated plate 1g to be fumigated is attached, the lower part is formed in a recess, and an ash discharge port 1h is provided on the right side.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the dry distillation liquid storage chamber 2 connects the back surface position to the back surface position of the upper space of the fumigation chamber 1 by a suction duct 2a, and has a side wall 2f, an inclined plate 2g, and an opening 2h inside. And a suction fan 2c and a suction duct 2b for sucking the fumigation gas in the fumigation chamber 1 and flowing the flow passage 2i are attached to the side surface, and the first front is located at the lower front position. The valve 2d and the second valve 2e are attached with different heights.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 to 6, the deodorized and smoke-removed water tank chamber 3 is connected to the back position of the dry distillation liquid storage chamber 2 by a suction duct 3 a and a suction fan 3 b by forming an intake port 3 c on the side surface. The water is stored up to a position immediately below the intake port 3c, and two horizontal rotating blades 3d are pivotally supported at a position directly above the water surface and at a side position of the intake port 3c, and the motor 3f is placed above the dry distillation liquid storage chamber 2. The rotary blade 3d is driven by being attached to the side end, and at the same time, the suction fan 2c of the dry distillation liquid storage chamber 2 is also driven. A motor 3g and a pump 3h are attached to the upper end, and the suction fan 3b and the pump 3h are driven by the motor 3g. In addition, a large and small cylindrical body 3i having a large number of vertical holes 3j formed on the circumferential surface is arranged concentrically at a position adjacent to the rotary blade 3d, and a part of the hole 3j is immersed in water.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the water tank chamber 4 has a pump 4a attached to the upper surface, the water supply pipe 4b is connected to the pump 3h of the deodorizing and smoke removing water tank room 3, and the water sprinkling pipe 4c branched from the pump 3h is deodorized. Connected to the upper surface of the smoke-absorbing water tank chamber 3 is connected to an upper position between the left and right rotating blades 3d, and a guide 4d for flowing water W to the left and right rotating blades 3d is attached to the tip thereof. Further, the water supply pipe 4 e branched from the pump 3 h is connected to the side surface position of the deodorant and smoke removal water tank chamber 3, and the return pipe 4 f is connected to the bottom surface of the deodorization and smoke removal water tank room 3.

  In this embodiment, plant waste materials such as crop leaves and roots are introduced into the fumigation chamber 1 from the waste material input port 1d, auxiliary materials such as wood and bamboo are input from the auxiliary material input port 1e, and ignited by the electric heater 1f. To do. The heat is transferred to the plant waste through the holes in 1 g of the perforated plate, pyrolyzed in a low oxygen state where the air is blocked, and reduced to about 1/80. Residual ash (carbide) is reduced to 1 g of perforated plate. It falls from the hole and accumulates at the bottom, and when it reaches a certain amount, it is discharged from the ash discharge port 1h. The electric heater 1f is automatically turned off by a timer when a certain time (time until the plant waste material starts to be fumigated) after ignition, and then fumigation is continued by the self heat of the plant waste material.

  During fumigation, the sealed space between the outer plate 1b and the inner plate 1a of the fumigation chamber 1 serves as a heat insulating layer, making it difficult for internal heat to be transmitted to the outer plate 1b. Although the internal temperature reaches about 1000 to 1100 ° C., the surface temperature of the outer plate 1b is suppressed to 50 to 60 ° C., and even if the outer plate 1b is touched, it is difficult to get burned immediately. In particular, the heat radiating plate 1c of the inner plate 1a actively dissipates internal heat to the sealed space to raise the temperature of the sealed space, and the heat insulating property of the heat insulating layer is further increased at the high temperature.

  The fumigation gas generated by the thermal decomposition is taken into the dry distillation liquid storage chamber 2 through the suction duct 2a by the suction force of the suction fan 2c. The fumigation gas contains tar and moisture. In the dry distillation liquid storage chamber 2, the fumigation gas is cooled while passing through the long-distance flow passage 2i and the suction duct 2b over time, and a tar-containing liquid (dry distillation liquid) is generated and accumulated. The lower layer of the dry distillation liquid has a low purity with impurities precipitated, and the upper layer has a high purity. A low-purity dry distillation liquid is poured out by the first valve 2d at a low position, and a high-purity dry distillation liquid is poured out by a second valve 2e at a high position.

  Gas remains in the dry distillation liquid storage chamber 2, and the residual gas is taken into the deodorized and smoke-removed water tank chamber 3 through the suction duct 3a by the suction force of the suction fan 3b. In the deodorant / smoke / water tank chamber 3, the rotating blade 3d rotates, the water W in the water tank chamber 4 is supplied by the pumps 4a and 3h, sprayed to the rotating blade 3d, and remains in the water W which is scattered and formed into a mist. Gas is blown, and a large amount of components are dissolved to deodorize and smoke. When the water level in the water tank chamber 4 drops due to watering, the water W in the deodorized and smoke-removed water tank chamber 3 returns to the water tank chamber 4 through the return pipe 4f. With the flow through the return pipe 4f and the water supply through the water supply pipe 4e, the water W flows through the hole 3j of the cylindrical body 3i to form a vortex, and the components contained in the residual gas further dissolve.

  The residual gas after dissolution of the contained components in the deodorant / smoke / water tank chamber 3 contains a large amount of carbon monoxide. This residual gas is sent to the high-temperature hot air heater 5 through the suction duct 5a, and is completely burned at a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher by the high-temperature hot air heater 5, and is changed into carbon dioxide and water and released to the atmosphere.

  The technology of the present invention is used for the treatment of plant waste materials such as agricultural residues, crops, stems, leaves, roots and the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fumigation chamber 1a Inner plate 1b Outer plate 1c Heat sink 1d Waste material inlet 1e Auxiliary material inlet 1f Electric heater 1g Porous plate 1h Ash outlet 2 Dry distillation liquid storage chamber 2a, 2b Suction duct 2c Suction fan 2d First valve 2e First 2 valve 2f side wall 2g inclined plate 2h opening 2i flow passage 3 deodorant smoke-removing water tank chamber 3a suction duct 3b suction fan 3c intake port 3d rotary blade 3e drive belt 3f, 3g motor 3h pump 3i cylindrical body 3j hole 4 water tank Chamber 4a Pump 4b Water supply pipe 4c Water spray pipe 4d Guide 4e Water supply pipe 4f Return pipe 5 High temperature hot air heater 5a Suction duct W Water

Claims (5)

  A fumigation chamber for fumigating plant waste materials equipped with a waste material inlet and an electric heater for initial heating, a dry distillation liquid storage room for taking in the fumigation gas in the fumigation chamber, cooling it, and liquefying, and a residual in the dry distillation liquid storage room Deodorized smoke-removing water tank chamber that takes in gas and dissolves its components in water, and the residual gas after dissolving the components in the deodorized smoke-removed water tank chamber is taken in and burned at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher Carbonized carbonization device composed of an electric high-temperature hot air heater that discharges to   The deodorant / smoke / water tank chamber has a rotary vane on the surface of the water, a sprinkler pipe for sprinkling water from above on the rotary vane, and a suction port for taking in the residual gas in the dry distillation liquid storage chamber to the side of the rotary vane. A structure in which a water tank chamber with a separate pump is connected to the sprinkling pipe, and a return pipe is provided for returning the water in the deodorized and smoke-removing water tank room to the water tank room. Item 2. Carbonization carbonization apparatus according to item 1.   A large and small cylindrical body with a large number of holes is concentrically placed adjacent to the rotating blades in the deodorant and smoke removal water tank chamber, and a part of the hole is immersed in water. The carbonization dry distillation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the water tank chamber is connected with a pump and a water supply pipe, and the return pipe of the water tank chamber is connected to the bottom surface of the deodorized smoke-removing water tank chamber.   The carbonization dry distillation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein two valves for pouring the dry distillation liquid into the dry distillation liquid storage chamber are provided with different heights.   The fumigation chamber is a structure in which a space between the inner plate and the outer plate with a predetermined interval is sealed, the space between the plates is sealed, and a heat radiating plate is provided on the surface of the inner plate on the sealed space side. Carbonization carbonization apparatus in any one of 1-4.

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