JP2010259495A - Eye examination device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an eye examination device which corrects the visually recognized state of an eye to be examined to an examinable state. <P>SOLUTION: An input operation device Pc for separately correcting positions of a left visual target displayed on a liquid crystal display instrument 53 of an examination unit 5L for a left eye and a right visual target displayed on the liquid crystal display instrument 53 of an examination unit 5R for a right eye is provided so that the visually recognized states of the left visual target visually recognized by the left eye to be examined and of the right visual target visually recognized by the right eye to be examined are optimal examination conditions for performing the examination of both eyes to be examined. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus in which a target display device capable of switching and displaying a target based on target data is incorporated in an inspection optical system in a left inspection unit and a right inspection unit.

  A conventional optometry apparatus includes an optical apparatus main body provided with a refractive correction optical system and the like, and a target presentation apparatus that presents (displays) a target to be visually recognized via the optical apparatus main body. System) is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In this subjective optometry apparatus, a vertically extending support column is attached to an optometry table so as to be movable up and down and pivotable about a vertical axis, and an arm extending in the horizontal direction is held by the support column, and the optical device main body is supported by the arm. I have to. The optical device main body includes a left optometry unit having a visual recognition window (optometry window) and a right optometry unit having a visual recognition window. In each optometry unit, a refractive correction optical component such as a correction lens is incorporated.

  In such a subjective optometry apparatus, the optotype presenting apparatus is arranged on the front side of the optometry unit, and the optotype presenting apparatus is provided to the left and right eyes (left and right test eyes) of the subject via the viewing windows of the left and right optometry units. In addition, the examiner asks the subject about the appearance of the target and makes the examiner respond to the appearance, thereby performing a refraction test or the like of the eye to be examined.

  In such a subjective optometry apparatus, there is an example in which a correction lens is arranged at a position a predetermined distance d (mm) away from the corneal apex of the eye to be examined as a design of a refractive correction optical system including a refractive lens. For example, a correction lens is usually arranged at a position where d = 12 for Asians and d = 13.75 for Westerners.

JP 2007-61380 A

  In such a conventional subjective optometry apparatus, if the difference between the correction values of the left and right eyes by the refractive correction optical system is large, there is a difference in the size (viewing state) of an object that can be seen by the left and right eyes, and the binocular vision cannot be correctly viewed. Or inconvenience that correct eyesight measurement could not be performed.

  On the other hand, the above-described subjective optometry apparatus can be designed so that the correction lens is arranged at a position that is conjugate with the pupil, thereby providing the same effect as the lens being arranged on the pupil like a contact lens. Is possible.

  In this case, the visual size of the target (viewing state) does not change depending on the refractive power, so the above-mentioned problem does not occur. However, the image is not displayed until the glasses are actually created at the measured power. Recognizing the difference in the visual size, there was a problem.

  Further, the above-described subjective optometry apparatus has a problem that the binocular vision function cannot be correctly confirmed for a subject whose contrast sensitivity (viewing state) differs between the left and right eyes due to some cause, such as cataract.

  Furthermore, the convergence test and the eye misalignment test are usually performed using a prism lens. However, as the prism power increases, the chromatic aberration increases and the contour of the target cannot be recognized correctly. was there.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an optometry apparatus that can correct a visual recognition state of an eye to be examined so that it can be inspected.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention includes a left inspection unit that incorporates a left inspection optical system that inspects the subject's left eye and a right inspection optical system that inspects the subject's right eye. A built-in right examination unit, a left image display device on which a left target to be visually recognized by the left eye to be examined is displayed via the left examination optical system, and the right eye to be examined via the right examination optical system. A right image display device on which a right target to be viewed is displayed, a target recording unit that records a plurality of targets, and the left target and the right view from a plurality of targets recorded in the target recording unit A target selection means for selecting a target, and an arithmetic control circuit for independently displaying the left target and the right target selected by the target selection unit on the left image display device and the right image display device, respectively. An optometry device comprising:
The left visual target displayed on the left image display device so that the visual inspection state of the left visual target visually recognized by the left eye to be examined and the right visual target visually recognized by the right eye to be examined is an optimal examination condition. And an optometric apparatus provided with a target display state correcting means for individually correcting the position of the right target displayed on the right image display device.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to easily correct the visually recognized state by the eye to be inspected.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of the optometry apparatus concerning this invention. It is an external view of the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. It is a schematic explanatory drawing explaining the turning center of the test | inspection unit of FIG. It is a figure which shows the optical system of the optometry apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which expands and shows the thing for left eyes of the optical system shown in FIG. It is a top view of the optical system for left eyes shown in FIG. It is a figure which expands and shows the thing for right eyes of the optical system shown in FIG. It is a top view of the optical system for right eyes shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the test | inspection optical system of the optometry apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram of the control system of the optometry apparatus concerning this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the connection state of the lens meter and monitor apparatus which were arrange | positioned in the vicinity of the optometry apparatus, and an optometry apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which placed the lens meter of FIG. 9A in the distance from the optometry apparatus, and connected the lens meter and the monitor apparatus. FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a plurality of optometry apparatuses and monitor apparatuses in FIG. 9A are installed and a lens meter is connected to the monitor apparatus via a LAN. It is an external view of the lens meter shown to FIG. 9A-FIG. 9C. It is explanatory drawing of the left target for size confirmation displayed on the liquid crystal display of a test | inspection unit on either side, and a right target, respectively. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of a visual target visual recognition state when making a subject visually recognize the left visual target of FIG. 11, a right visual target, and the right visual target of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of a visual target visual recognition state when making a subject visually recognize the left visual target of FIG. 11, a right visual target, and the right visual target of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the further another example of a visual target visual recognition state when making a subject visually recognize the left visual target of FIG. 11, the right visual target, and the right visual target of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the left target for contrast confirmation displayed on the liquid crystal display of a right and left test | inspection unit, respectively, and a right target. It is explanatory drawing which shows the normal visual target visual recognition state when making a subject visually recognize the left visual target of FIG. 15, the right visual target, and the right visual target of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the visual target visual recognition state from which the contrast differs when making a subject visually recognize the left visual target of FIG. 15, the right visual target, and the right visual target of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the left target and the right target which are presented to the left eye and the right eye of the cross chart in the oblique test. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of a visual target visual recognition state when making a subject visually recognize the left target and the right target shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of a visual target visual recognition state when making a subject visually recognize the character A as a left visual target and a right visual target. It is chart explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the visual target and fusion frame which are shown to the left eye and the right eye of the cross chart in the oblique test. It is explanatory drawing when it looks to a subject in the state which the optotype shown to Fig.21 (a), (b) fused. It is explanatory drawing which shows a visual target visual recognition state when making a subject visually recognize the left visual target and the right visual target shown in FIG. 19, and another example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of a visual target visual recognition state when making a subject visually recognize a Landolt ring as a left visual target and a right visual target.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Constitution]
In FIG. 1, 1 is an optometry table whose height can be adjusted up and down, 2 is an optometry apparatus arranged on the optometry table 1, 3 is an optometry chair used in the optometry table 1, and 4 is a subject seated on the optometry chair. It is.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the optometry apparatus 2 includes a pedestal portion 5a, an inspection unit driving device 5b disposed on the pedestal portion 5a, and a left eye disposed on the left and right sides of the inspection unit driving device 5b. Inspection unit (left inspection unit) 5L and right-eye inspection unit (right inspection unit) 5R. In the apparatus main body of the left eye inspection unit 5L and the right eye inspection unit 5R, a left eye measurement optical system (left eye inspection optical system) and a right eye measurement optical system (right eye inspection optical system), which will be described later, are provided. System) is built in each.

  In the following description, for convenience of explanation, the left-eye inspection unit 5L and the right-eye inspection unit 5R are simply abbreviated as the inspection unit 5L and the inspection unit 5R. System) and measurement optical system for the right eye (inspection optical system for the right eye) are abbreviated as measurement optical system (inspection optical system) and used for the description. In the following description, the left-eye inspection unit 5L, the right-eye inspection unit 5R, the left-eye measurement optical system (left-eye inspection optical system), and the right-eye measurement optical system (right-eye) as necessary. Inspection optical system).

  Further, in the following description, the components used in the left eye inspection unit 5L and the right eye inspection unit 5R are described using terms that do not distinguish between the left eye and the right eye. It is also possible to add the left eye to the term of each component used in the unit 5L and add the right eye to the term of each component used in the right eye inspection unit 5R so as to distinguish between the left and right.

  Further, the optometry apparatus 2 extends in the vertical direction to support the inspection units 5L and 5R on the inspection unit driving device 5b, and supports the face of the subject 4 at the inspection position by the inspection units 5L and 5R. The face receiving device 6 is provided.

  The face receiving device 6 is provided with a pair of support posts 6a and 6b and a chin rest 6d. An arc-shaped forehead pad 6c is provided on the pair of columns 6a and 6b. The chin rest 6d can be adjusted up and down by a knob 6e. The forehead pad 6c can also be adjusted in the front-rear direction.

  In the apparatus main body 5b1 of the inspection unit driving apparatus 5b, a left support base BL and a right support base BR as shown in FIG. The left support base BL and the right support base BR are provided so as to be independently movable in three-dimensional directions (front and rear, left and right, and top and bottom). The left support base BL and the right support base BR are respectively attached (supported and held) to the vertical support columns 5p and 5q that extend in the vertical direction around the vertical axes (axis lines) UoL and UoR in FIG. 2A. )ing. The vertical axes (axis lines) UoL and UoR are the left and right eye of the subject when the subject is supported to place the face jaw on the chin rest 6d and the face forehead 6c. Are arranged so as to be the eyeball rotation axis (eyeball rotation center axis, eyeball center position).

  Further, in the apparatus main body 5b1 of the inspection unit driving apparatus 5b, left and right XYZ drive mechanisms (not shown) for driving the left support base BL and the right support base BR in three-dimensional directions, and the columns 5p and 5q, respectively A rotation drive mechanism (not shown) is incorporated as a turning drive mechanism for independently turning in a horizontal direction (rotating drive) with respect to the support base (not shown).

  For this XYZ drive mechanism, for example, a three-dimensional drive device (three-dimensional drive means) including a drive motor such as a pulse drive motor, and a feed screw that is rotationally driven by this three-dimensional drive device are used. A known configuration can be adopted for the XYZ drive mechanism.

  The rotation drive mechanism (turn drive mechanism) is operated by a turn drive means including a turn drive motor (turn drive device) such as a pulse motor (turn drive motor) and the turn drive means. A combination with a gear is used. A known configuration can also be adopted for this rotation drive mechanism (swivel drive mechanism).

  With such a configuration, the inspection units 5L and 5R can be independently driven in the three-dimensional direction and can be turned in the horizontal direction.

  The inspection units 5L and 5R have the functions of objective eye refractive power measurement and subjective flexion eye refractive power measurement for both eyes simultaneously, and are rotated around the eyeball rotation point of the left and right eye to be examined.

  The pedestal portion 5a is provided with a subject response input device 6LR. The subject response input device 6LR includes a joystick lever 6h and a button 6g provided on the joystick lever 6h.

  Further, the measurement optical system (left inspection optical system) of the inspection unit 5L described above includes the anterior ocular segment imaging optical system 30L shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 and the bright spot image formation for alignment shown in FIGS. XY alignment optical system 31L used for the above, a fixation optical system 32L and a refractive power measurement optical system 33L shown in FIG.

  The measurement optical system (right inspection optical system) of the inspection unit 5R includes an anterior ocular segment imaging optical system 30R shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, an XY alignment optical system 31R used for forming a bright spot image for alignment, and FIG. Further, the optical system 32R includes a fixation optical system 32R and a refractive power measurement optical system 33R.

The measurement optical system of the inspection unit 5L and the measurement optical system of the inspection unit 5R are symmetrical and have the same configuration. First, the measurement optical system of this inspection unit 5L will be described.
(Inspection unit 5L)
The anterior ocular segment imaging optical system 30L of the inspection unit 5L includes the anterior ocular segment illumination optical system 34 and the imaging optical system 35 shown in FIG. The anterior segment illumination optical system 34 includes an illumination light source 36 for anterior segment illumination, a stop 36a, and a projection lens 37 that projects light from the illumination light source 36 onto the anterior segment of the eye E to be examined.

  The imaging optical system 35 includes a prism P on which reflected light from the anterior segment of the eye E is incident, an objective lens 38, a dichroic mirror 39, an aperture 40, a dichroic mirror 41, relay lenses 42 and 43, a dichroic mirror 44, and a CCD lens. (Imaging lens) 45 and CCD (imaging means) 46 are provided.

  The XY alignment optical system 31L includes an alignment illumination optical system 47 and a photographing optical system 35 as an alignment light receiving optical system. As shown in FIG. 4, the alignment illumination optical system 47 includes an alignment illumination light source 48, an aperture 49 as an alignment target, a relay lens 50, a dichroic mirror 41, an aperture 40, a dichroic mirror 39, an objective lens 38, and a prism. P.

  The fixation optical system 32L is a color liquid crystal that displays a visual target (left visual target) such as the fixation target shown in FIG. 5 or a chart for subjective optometry (including a cross oblique chart for oblique examination). Display (left-eye liquid crystal display as a left image display device) 53, half mirror 54, collimator lens 55, rotary prisms 55A and 55B, reflection mirror 56, moving lens 57, relay lenses 58 and 59, cross cylinder lens ( VCC lenses) 59A and 59B, reflection mirror 60, dichroic mirrors 61 and 39, objective lens 38, and prism (may be a mirror) P.

  As the rotary prisms 55A and 55B and the cross cylinder lenses (VCC lenses) 59A and 59B, known ones as disclosed in Patent Document 1 are used.

  In the fixation optical system 32L, the moving lens 57 can be moved in the optical axis direction by the pulse motor PMa in accordance with the refractive power of the eye to be examined. Thereby, it is possible to cause the eye to be inspected to fixate.

  The fixation optical system 32L is provided with a fusion target presenting optical system 32L 'shown in FIG. The fusion target presenting optical system 32L ′ includes an LED 53A as an illumination light source, a collimator lens 53B, a fusion frame chart 53D, and a total reflection mirror 53E.

  Although the target optical display position adjusting operation of the present invention can be executed using the measurement optical system of FIG. 5, the fusion target presentation optical system 32L ′ and the liquid crystal display 53 of FIG. Instead of these, the 3LCD 300 may be provided as an image display device as shown in FIG. 7A. The 3LCD 300 is a combination of three LCDs (liquid crystal displays) so that images such as targets can be displayed in color on the three LCDs (liquid crystal displays). The rotary prisms 55A and 55B described above can be omitted as shown in FIG. 7A. In FIG. 7A, a part of the optical components of FIGS. 5 and 7 is schematically shown. In the case of such a configuration of FIG. 7A, since a large number of optical components can be omitted, the whole can be reduced in size. However, in the case of using the measurement optical system of FIGS. The position adjustment operation will be described.

  The refractive power measurement optical system 33L includes the measurement light beam projection optical system 62 and the measurement light beam reception optical system 63 shown in FIG. The measurement light beam projection optical system 62 includes a measurement light source 64 such as an infrared LED, a collimator lens 65, a conical prism 66, a ring target 67, a relay lens 68, a ring-shaped stop 69, and a hole in which a through hole 70a is formed in the center. A perforated prism 70, dichroic mirrors 61 and 39, an objective lens 38, and a prism P are included.

The measurement light beam receiving optical system 63 includes a prism P that receives reflected light from the fundus oculi Ef of the eye E, an objective lens 38, dichroic mirrors 39 and 61, a through hole 70a of a perforated prism 70, a reflection mirror 71, and a relay. A lens 72, a moving lens 73, a reflection mirror 74, a dichroic mirror 44, a CCD lens 45, and a CCD 46 are included.
(Inspection unit 5R)
Further, since the measurement optical system (right inspection optical system) of the right-eye inspection unit 5R is the same as the measurement optical system (left inspection optical system) of the inspection unit 5L as described above, it is used for the inspection unit 5L. Reference numerals are assigned and detailed description thereof is omitted. The liquid crystal display 53 used in the measurement optical system of the right-eye inspection unit 5R is a right-eye liquid crystal display (right image display device), which is used for the fixation target and the subjective optometry shown in FIG. The chart (right chart) such as the chart (including the cruciform chart for oblique examination) is displayed.
(XYZ drive mechanism)
As described above, the inspection units 5L and 5R are independently driven in the three-dimensional direction by the left and right XYZ drive mechanisms. The left and right XYZ drive mechanisms include the left three-dimensional drive device (three-dimensional drive means) and the right three-dimensional drive device (three-dimensional drive means) shown in FIG.

  The left three-dimensional drive device (three-dimensional drive means) includes a left unit drive device (left unit drive means) Ld and a sub (auxiliary) left control circuit (left control means) that controls the operation of the left unit drive device Ld. And an arithmetic control circuit 62 '(L). The right three-dimensional drive device (three-dimensional drive means) includes a right unit drive device (left unit drive means) Rd and a sub (auxiliary) left control circuit (left control means) that controls the operation of the right unit drive device Rd. ) Is an arithmetic control circuit 62 '(R).

Further, the left unit drive device Ld includes a drive device (X drive device) 20 that drives a support base (not shown) in the left-right direction (X direction), and a support base (not shown) in the vertical direction (Y direction). A driving device (Y driving device) 24 for driving and a driving device (Z driving device) 26 for driving a support base (not shown) in the front-rear direction (Z direction) are provided. Each of the drive devices 20, 24, and 26 includes a drive motor such as a pulse drive motor and a feed screw that is driven to rotate the drive motor.
(Swivel drive mechanism)
Further, as described above, the inspection units 5L and 5R are arranged such that the left and right rotation drive mechanisms (swing drive mechanisms) are supported by the horizontal rotation drive devices (horizontal swing drive devices) 28 and 28 in FIG. It is designed to turn around the vertical axis.

Each horizontal rotation drive device (horizontal turning drive device) 28 uses a combination of a turning drive motor such as a pulse motor (turning drive motor) and a gear operated by the turning drive motor as described above. It has been.
<Control circuit>
Further, the optometry apparatus 2 of FIG. 2 including the inspection units 5L and 5R includes a control circuit (control means) which is the control system shown in FIG. This control circuit is a main arithmetic control circuit (main control circuit) that controls the left and right arithmetic control circuits 62 '(L), 62' (R) and the left and right arithmetic control circuits 62 '(sub arithmetic control circuits). Control means) 63 '.
(Calculation control circuit 62 '(L), 62' (R))
This sub (auxiliary) arithmetic control circuit 62 '(L) is controlled in operation by the main arithmetic control circuit 63' to drive and control a drive motor such as a pulse motor (not shown) of the drive devices 20, 24, 26 and 28. It is supposed to be.

  Further, the arithmetic control circuit 62 'shown in FIG. 8 controls the operation of the illumination light source 36 for observing the anterior segment, the liquid crystal display (fixed target light source) 53, the measurement light source 64, the pulse motor PMa, and the like. It has become. Further, a detection signal from the CCD 46 is input to the arithmetic control circuit 62 '.

  Further, as described above, the inspection units 5L and 5R have the left and right inspection optical systems, respectively, and when the inspection units 5L and 5R are positioned at the initial positions, the optical axes of the left and right inspection optical systems. Of these, the optical axes on the front side (face receiving device 6 side) of the prisms P and P are set to be parallel to each other.

  In this initial position, when the left and right eyes of the subject visually recognize the liquid crystal displays 53 and 53 in the left and right inspection units 5L and 5R via the inspection optical systems of the inspection units 5L and 5R, These visual axes are set parallel to each other so that they can be viewed at infinity.

  This initial position can be detected by detecting the rotation angle of the pillars 5p and 5q with the rotation angle detection sensors PsL and PsR. Initial position detection signals from the rotation angle detection sensors PsL and PsR are input to arithmetic control circuits 62 '(62'L) and 62' (62'R), respectively. A rotary encoder, a potentiometer, or the like can be used for the rotation angle detection sensors PsL and PsR.

As described above, the arithmetic control circuits 62 ′ (L) and 62 ′ (R) control the operation of the same components and the like. Accordingly, in the description of the operation of the inspection units 5L and 5R described below, the descriptions of (L) and (R) in the arithmetic control circuit 62 ′ (L) and the arithmetic control circuit 62 ′ (R) are as necessary. Use.
(Calculation control circuit 63 ')
(a) Connection Relationship As shown in FIG. 8, this arithmetic control circuit (main control means) 63 'controls the arithmetic control circuits 62' and 62 'of the inspection units 5L and 5R.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the pedestal portion 5a is provided with a subject response input device 6LR as a subject response means. This subject response input device 6LR has a joystick lever 6h and a button (switch) 6g provided at the upper end of the joystick lever 6h. The joystick lever 6h is provided so as to be tiltable and rotatable about an axis. The button (switch) 6g is used for selection of menus and targets, photographing, and the like. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the subject response input device 6LR includes a tilt detection sensor 12b that detects a tilt operation of the joystick lever 6h, and a rotation that detects a rotation operation of the joystick lever 6h about the axis. It has a sensor 12c. This patient response input device 6LR is connected to the arithmetic control circuit 63 'of FIG. 8, and is an ON / OFF operation signal of the button 6g, a tilt signal from the tilt detection sensor 12b, a rotation signal from the rotation sensor 12c, and the like. Is input to the arithmetic control circuit 63 '.

  Further, the arithmetic control circuit 63 ′ shown in FIG. 8 includes a target manipulating device CLR as a target display state correcting unit (that is, a target size correcting unit, a target contrast correcting unit, an eye misalignment correcting unit, etc.). Is connected. An input operation device Pc composed of a personal computer or the like as shown in FIG. 2A is used for the target operation device CLR. That is, the input operation device Pc includes a display unit Dsp and an examiner operation unit K. The examiner operation unit K includes a keyboard Kb including a cursor button and a plurality of selection buttons, and a dial Da. This visual target operating device CLR has an arithmetic control circuit (main control means) 63 'shown in FIG.

  A monitor device 64q is connected to the arithmetic control circuit 63 '. As shown in FIG. 2, the monitor device 64q is attached to a column 64s provided upright on the pedestal portion 5a. The monitor device 64q displays information necessary for the examination such as examination data, a chart to be presented, and an anterior eye image of the eye to be examined on the monitor screen 64q ′.

  Further, a memory M as a target recording means (target recording device) is connected to the arithmetic control circuit (main control means) 63 '. This memory M records (stores) a landscape chart as a visual target, a large number of visual targets used for refractive power measurement, a large number of visual targets and charts used for binocular vision function and oblique position inspection, and the like. ing.

  For example, a cross oblique test chart as shown in FIG. 19 can be used as a target for this oblique inspection. In this cross oblique test chart, a left eye misalignment detection target (left eye oblique detection target) Lm and a right eye misalignment detection target (right eye oblique detection target) Rm are used. Here, the left-eye shift detection target Lm is composed of a pair of horizontal target lines Lm1 and Lm2 spaced laterally, and the right-eye shift detection target Rm is a pair of vertical views spaced vertically. It consists of marked lines Rm1, Rm2. The left-eye deviation detection target Lm is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5L, and the right-eye deviation detection target Rm is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5R. ing.

  Note that the left-eye deviation detection target Lm can be displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5R, and the right-eye deviation detection target Rm can be displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5L. Further, as a target used for the oblique position inspection or the like, a conventionally used target may be used, but in the following description, the left-eye shift detection target Lm and the right-eye shift detection shown in FIG. The target Rm is used.

  These targets, charts, and the like can be selected by a target selection device (target selection means) and a target control device CLR that serves as a target display position adjustment device, and the display position can be adjusted. It is possible.

  In addition, as this optotype operating device CLR, a dial type (dial Da) may be used, a cursor key of the keyboard Kb may be used, a mouse, a touch pen, or the like may be used, or a touch panel. May be used. In addition, the test target, chart, and the like can be arbitrarily selected by the examiner, and are sequentially selected and displayed according to the optometry program. The optometry program or the like is recorded (stored) in a memory (not shown) of the arithmetic control circuit 63 ', for example. Further, the single optotype operating device CLR can operate the optotypes of the left and right liquid crystal displays 53 and 53 in accordance with the optometry program. It is also possible to perform the above operations with separate target control devices.

In the following description, an example of a target operation by operating the joystick lever 6h and the button 6g of one target control device CLR and the subject response input device 6LR will be described.
(b) Configuration of initial setting By the way, the parts of the inspection units 5L and 5R, the parts assembly part, and the parts such as the liquid crystal displays 53 and 53 incorporated as part of the parts in the inspection units 5L and 5R, respectively. Are manufactured with high accuracy within the range of dimensional tolerances. However, even if it is within the range of dimensional tolerances, dimensional variations occur in the component assembly portion, the liquid crystal display 53, and the like. In addition to such dimensional variations of components, adjustment variations that occur when such components are incorporated into the inspection units 5L, 5R, etc. are particularly problematic. That is, the size of the liquid crystal display 53 is reduced with the miniaturization of the optometry apparatus, the chart portion displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 is reduced, and the chart portion is enlarged through the lens of the optical system. Adjustment is performed so that the display center of the liquid crystal display 53 coincides with the optical axis of the optical system of the inspection unit 5L (5R) when the liquid crystal displays 53 and 53 are assembled to the inspection units 5L and 5R. (Assembly adjustment) is very difficult.

  When the liquid crystal display 53 is assembled to such a component assembling part, the display center of the liquid crystal display 53 and the inspection in the inspection unit 5L (5R) are caused due to dimensional variations of the liquid crystal display 53 and the component assembling part. The optical axis of the optical system is shifted in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis.

  In addition, the drive motor for rotation (not shown) of the horizontal rotation drive device 28 is driven and controlled with a predetermined drive pulse by the arithmetic control circuit 63 'so that the inspection unit 5L (5R) rotates by a predetermined angle in the horizontal direction. Even when stopped, the stop position of the inspection unit 5L (5R) deviates from a predetermined angle due to individual differences such as the gear (not shown) of the horizontal rotation drive device 28 and the turning drive motor.

  Such correction of deviation is performed on the inspection units 5L and 5R, respectively.

  For this correction, the arithmetic control circuit 63 'displays an operation menu or the like on the monitor screen (display unit) 64q' of the monitor device 64q when the optometry device 2 is turned on and activated. Yes. This operation menu includes an initial setting menu and the like.

  In addition, when the initial setting menu is selected from the operation menu by tilting the joystick lever 6h for the initial display setting, the arithmetic control circuit 63 'displays the initial setting screen on the monitor screen 64q'. On this initial setting screen, a display position correction menu (item) in the far vision state, a display position correction menu (item) in the congestion state, and the like can be displayed.

  On the monitor screen 64q ′, when the display position correction menu (item) is selected, the display center position of an image such as a target displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the left inspection unit 5L is corrected. A left display position correction menu (item) and a right display position correction menu (item) for correcting the display center position of an image such as a target displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the right inspection unit 5R are displayed. You can

  When the left display position correction menu (item) is selected from the correction menu (item) by tilting the joystick lever 6h, the calculation control circuit 63 'controls the operation of the calculation control circuit 62' (L) to calculate the calculation. A mark Mc indicating the initial display center position is displayed as a reference point as shown in FIG. 15 on the liquid crystal display 53 of the left inspection unit 5L by the control circuit 62 '(L).

  On the other hand, when the right display position correction menu (item) is selected from the correction menu (item) by tilting the joystick lever 6h, the calculation control circuit 63 'controls the operation of the calculation control circuit 62' (R) to perform calculation. The control circuit 62 ′ (R) displays the mark Mc indicating the initial display center position on the liquid crystal display 53 of the right inspection unit 5L as shown in FIG.

In such a display state, the arithmetic control circuit 63 ′ controls the movement of the mark Mc indicating the display center position by tilting the joystick lever 6h, and the mark Mc indicating the display center position by pressing the button 6g after the movement control. Can be set as the moving position. The initial display setting operation can also be performed by an input means such as a mouse or keyboard of a personal computer.
<Connection between the optometry apparatus 2 and other devices>
A lens meter 1000 is connected to the optometry apparatus 2 as another device. The lens meter 1000 may be connected in any of FIGS. 9A to 9C. The appearance of the lens meter 1000 is shown in FIG. 10, for example. The lens meter 1000 has a function of simultaneously measuring the optical characteristics of the left and right framed spectacle lenses 1006L and 1006R of the spectacles 1006.

  In FIG. 10, reference numerals 1007L and 1007R denote pressing levers for the spectacle lenses 1006L and 1006R. When the eyeglasses 1006 are placed on the eyeglass set base 1001 of the lens meter 1000, a detection pin (not shown) installed on the eyeglass set base 1001 detects the set of eyeglasses 1006.

  As a result, the holding levers 1007L and 1007R are automatically lowered, the glasses 1006 are fixed by the holding claws 1008L and 1008R, and the optical characteristic data of the left and right eyeglass lenses 1006L and 1006R is obtained by the measurement optical system built in the lens meter 1000. Obtained at the same time. Further, based on the optical characteristic data of the left and right eyeglass lenses 1006L and 1006R, a PD value that is the distance between the pupils of the subject (eyeglass wearer) is obtained.

  The structure of the measurement optical system of the lens meter 1000 can in principle be configured using two known measurement optical systems, and the detailed configuration is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-399801. In the embodiment of the present invention, the lens meter shown in FIG. 10 is used, but a known auto lens meter having a PD measurement function can also be used.

The optical characteristic data of the spectacle lens of the lens meter 1000 is input to the arithmetic control circuit 63 ′. The arithmetic control circuit 63 'also plays a role of displaying the optical characteristic value and PD value of the spectacle lens on the monitor screen 64q' of the monitor device 64q. In the case of a spectacle lens wearer, it is desirable to perform initial setting of the inspection units 5L and 5R using this PD value.
[Action]
Next, the control action by the arithmetic control circuit 63 'of the optometry apparatus having such a configuration will be described.
(1). Setting of inspection units 5L and 5R to the initial position of the inspection optical system In such a configuration, the optical axis of the inspection optical system of the left inspection unit 5L of the optometry apparatus 2 is closer to the front side than the prism P (the face receiving device 6 side ) Is the left face receiving side optical axis part, and of the optical axes of the inspection optical system of the right inspection unit 5R, the optical axis part on the near side (face receiving device 6 side) from the prism P is the right face receiving side. As an optical axis part, the setting state of the initial position of the inspection optical system of the inspection units 5L and 5R will be described.

  When the optometry apparatus 2 is turned on and activated, the arithmetic control circuit 63 'drives and controls the left unit driving device (left unit driving means) Ld and the right unit driving device (left unit driving means) Rd of the XYZ driving mechanism. At the same time, the left and right horizontal rotation driving devices 28 and 28 are driven and controlled to return the inspection units 5L and 5R to the initial positions.

  In this control, the arithmetic control circuit 63 'drives the inspection unit 5L by the left unit driving device (left unit driving means) Ld and the driving amount in the three-dimensional direction of the inspection unit 5R by the right unit driving device (left unit driving means) Rd. Can be detected from the number of drive pulses of the left unit drive device (left unit drive means) Ld and the right unit drive device (left unit drive means) Rd. Incidentally, a movement amount detection sensor (X direction movement amount detection sensor, Y direction movement amount detection sensor, Z direction movement amount detection sensor) for detecting the movement amount of the inspection units 5L and 5R in the three-dimensional direction is provided. It is also possible to detect the driving amount (movement amount) of the inspection units 5L and 5R in the three-dimensional direction from the amount detection sensor. Then, the arithmetic control circuit 63 ′ obtains the positions of the inspection units 5L and 5R in the three-dimensional direction from the drive amount (movement amount) and the like. On the other hand, the arithmetic control circuit 63 ′ detects the rotation angles and the like of the columns 5p and 5q with the rotation angle detection sensors PsL and PsR, and turns angles (turning positions) of the inspection units 5L and 5R integrated with the columns 5p and 5q, respectively. Etc. are detected.

  Then, the arithmetic control circuit 63 ′ controls the left face receiving side optical axis portion and the right face receiving from the three-dimensional position of the detected inspection units 5 L, 5 R in the return control of the detected inspection units 5 L, 5 R to the initial position. The distance from the side optical axis is set to the standard interpupillary distance (for example, 64 mm) of the subject, and the left face receiving side optical axis and the right face receiving from the turning angle (turning position) of the examination units 5L and 5R. The side optical axis portions are set in parallel to each other (far vision position where the distance vision state is achieved).

This initial position setting can also be executed when a reset command is sent from the arithmetic control circuit 63 'to the arithmetic control circuit 62' of the optometry apparatus 2.
(2). Input of interpupillary distance PD for refractive power measurement The interpupillary distance PD of the subject is input to the arithmetic control circuit 63 '. The inter-pupil distance PD is obtained by measuring the distance between the optical centers of the right and left eyeglass lenses of the glasses (the inter-pupil distance PD of the eyeglass wearer) with the lens meter 1000, or is measured with a PD meter or the like. The interpupillary distance PD obtained by the lens meter 1000 is input from the lens meter 1000 to the arithmetic control circuit 63 'through a connection line such as a data line. The interpupillary distance PD measured by a PD meter or the like can be input to the arithmetic control circuit 63 ′ from a personal computer (data input device) connected to the optometry apparatus 2, or a keyboard (data input) can be input to the optometry apparatus 2. The device can be input to the arithmetic control circuit 63 'from this keyboard. Further, the inter-pupil distance PD can be input to the PD input frame of the input screen by tilting the joystick lever 6h or the like by displaying the PD input screen on the monitor screen 64q ′ of the monitor device 64q.

Further, the left and right arithmetic control circuits 62 '(L) and 62' (R) are operated and controlled by the arithmetic control circuit 63 ', and the left and right inspection units 5L are controlled by the arithmetic control circuits 62' (L) and 62 '(R). , 5R liquid crystal displays 53, 53, and a target is displayed at the center, and the left unit driving device Ld and the right unit driving device Rd use the left unit driving device Ld and the right unit driving device Rd to the position where the target of the liquid crystal display 53, 53 can be seen. Is controlled to move to the left and right, the distance between the examination units 5L and 5R can be input to the calculation control circuit 63 'as the inter-pupil distance PD of the subject from this movement control amount.
(3). Correction of target display size (correction of unequal image vision)
a. Unequal image vision When the left and right eyes of the subject (ie, the left and right eye) are examined with an optometer having a refractive correction optical system, there is a large difference in the refractive correction values of the left and right eyes (left by the refractive correction optical system). If there is a difference in the refractive correction power between the eye to be examined and the right eye to be examined, a difference in the size of the image recognized by the left and right eyes (unequal image vision) occurs. This difference in the size of the left and right eye images can be confirmed by unequal image inspection.

  Before this inspection, first, the initial position of the inspection optical system of the inspection units 5L and 5R is set as described in (1) above, and the interpupillary distance is measured for refractive power measurement as in (2). Enter the PD. The subject inspects the visual target visual size using the left eye and the right eye while wearing a refractive error correcting lens.

  In this case, for example, an inverted U-shaped display size confirmation target (left target) 100L shown in FIG. 11A is provided on the liquid crystal display (left image display device) 53 of the inspection unit (left inspection unit) 5L. The U-shaped display size confirmation target (right target) 100R shown in FIG. 11B is displayed on the liquid crystal display (left image display device) 53 of the inspection unit (right inspection unit) 5R. The display size confirmation targets 100L and 100R are displayed in the same size except for the left and right directions. The display size confirmation target 100L is displayed on the liquid crystal display (left image display device) 53 of the inspection unit (left inspection unit) 5L so as to be positioned on the left side from the center line O1 in the left-right direction, and the display size confirmation target 100R. Is displayed on the liquid crystal display (left image display device) 53 of the inspection unit (right inspection unit) 5R on the right side of the center line O1 in the left-right direction. Furthermore, the display positions in the vertical direction of the display size confirmation targets 100L and 100R are set to the same position.

In this state, the left eye of the subject is made to visually recognize the display size confirmation target 100 displayed on the left liquid crystal display 53 via the inspection optical system of the inspection unit 5L, and the right eye of the subject is examined. The display size confirmation target 100R displayed on the right liquid crystal display 53 is visually recognized through the inspection optical system of the inspection unit 5R.
(Visible state)
Accordingly, the subject displays the display size confirmation targets 100L and 100R visually recognized by the left eye and the right eye when the left eye and the right eye do not have an oblique position, for example. As shown in FIG.

  Here, when the visual acuity values (refractive power) of the left eye and the right eye are the same (when the refractive correction power is the same), the display size confirmation targets 100L and 100R are recognized with the same size as shown in FIG. The

  Further, when the visual acuity values of the left eye and the right eye are different (when the refractive correction power is different), that is, when the power of the wearing correction lens is different, the display size confirmation targets 100L and 100R are shown in FIGS. Are recognized in different sizes.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 13, when the display size confirmation targets 100L and 100R are confirmed as a deviation of half the line width, the unequal image viewing rate is 3.5%, as shown in FIG. When the display size confirmation targets 100L and 100R are confirmed to be shifted by one line width, the unequal image viewing rate is measured as 7.0% (FIG. 13). It is not always necessary to set the sizes of the display size confirmation targets 100L and 100R under such conditions.
(Resize)
The display size confirmation target 100L recognized by the left eye (left eye) is Ls, and the display size confirmation target 100R recognized by the right eye (right eye) is Rs. As shown in FIG. 13, when 7.0 unequal image vision is confirmed in a state where the left eye is smaller than the right eye (left eye <right eye), the display size Ls: display size Rs = 1. The relationship is 1.07. For example, when there is such a relationship, the display size is changed as follows.

  That is, since it is preferable that there is no size difference during optometry, the size of the visual target may be changed so as to cancel this size difference.

  For example, if the left and right eyes are myopic, the size of the left eye is 1.07 times. If the left and right eyes are farsighted, the size is changed by 1.07 times, and one of the left and right eyes is hyperopic. If the other is myopia, it is desirable that the left and right images be enlarged and reduced almost equally. In addition, it is not necessarily limited to such a numerical value. Further, it is preferable that the magnification obtained from the rate of unequal image viewing is M, and that the myopic eye is 2M / (M + 1) times and the far-sighted eye is 2 / (M + 1) times.

  On the other hand, in the case of an optometer having a refractive optical system as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 and FIG. 7A described above, there is a feature that a size difference during optometry does not occur. However, when actual glasses are worn, it is inevitable that a size difference will occur.

  However, when confirming the frequency after the optometry, it is necessary to intentionally change the size of the index and show it in the same state as when wearing glasses. In this case, in the case of the above-mentioned conditions, the size of the left eye is simply multiplied by 1 / 1.07 if the myopia is myopia, and the right eye is 1.07 if the myopia is farsighted. If one of the left and right eyes is farsighted and the other is nearsighted, it is desirable that the left and right images are enlarged and reduced substantially uniformly. The magnification obtained from the rate of unequal image vision is M, and the farsighted eye is 2M / (M + 1) times and for myopic eyes 2 / (M + 1) times.

Note that the display size change as described above can be performed by the examiner operation unit K of the input operation device Pc which is the target operation device CLR shown in FIG. 2A. That is, the change at this time can be performed by the keyboard Kb or dial Da of the examiner operation unit K or the keyboard Kb and dial Da.
b. Changing the target size (display size confirmation target) based on the correction power The magnification M of the glasses is given by the following equation. That is, the magnification M of the glasses (glasses) is

It becomes.

Here, D ₁ is the front refractive power of the lens, D _b is the rear refractive power of the lens, t is the center thickness of the lens, n is the refractive index of the lens, and VD is the distance between the lens and the corneal apex.
Here, ignoring the center thickness t of the lens, the refractive power of the lens is D, and the magnification M can be expressed by the following equation. That is, the magnification M is

Can be expressed as

  For example, when wearing the glasses of the right eye −2.00 (D) and the left eye +3.00 (D) using this (Expression 2), the magnification of the image viewed through the lens of each eye, and the image of the left and right eyes The magnification when comparing the sizes is as shown in Table 1 when VD = 12 (mm).

  That is, in the optometry apparatus having the conventional optical system (= the unequal image occurs due to the difference in power), the above-mentioned right eye−2.00 (D), left eye + 3.00 (D) This indicates that 6.2% unequal image vision has occurred between the left and right eyes.

  In general, it is said that good binocular vision cannot be obtained when unequal image vision of 3.5% or more occurs, but other than reducing the difference in lens power between the left and right or reducing the value of VD However, it was impossible to correct unequal image vision during optometry.

  In the present invention, it is possible to present indices separately on the left and right, and to change the size of the indices, so that it is possible to correct the size difference between the left and right indices during optometry.

  The correction may be performed so that the magnification of each eye becomes 1, so that each eye target (right and left eyes) visually recognizes the reciprocal of the magnification obtained in (Expression 2) as the magnification of the following (Expression 3). It is sufficient to apply to the display.

  In this adjustment, the unequal image viewing rate may be set as a threshold, and the size adjustment may be automatically performed when the unequal image viewing rate calculated from the lens power exceeds the set value. Further, such a change in display size can be performed by the examiner operation unit K of the input operation device Pc which is the target operation device CLR shown in FIG. 2A. That is, the change at this time can be performed by the keyboard Kb or dial Da of the examiner operation unit K, or the keyboard Kb and dial Da. Furthermore, the size change at this time is as follows: The examiner asks the subject how to see the visual target (the size of the left and right visual targets is the same or which is larger) and responds to the response. It can also be executed by operating the examiner operation unit K by the examiner.

  Next, in an optometry apparatus having an optical system in which a correction lens is arranged at a position conjugate with the pupil as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 and 7A, VD = 0, and the magnification of (Equation 1) is always 1. Thus, there is no difference in image size between the left and right eyes. Therefore, these inconveniences can be solved during optometry. On the other hand, when confirming after optometry, it is necessary to confirm the difference in size between the left and right images depending on the correction power.

Therefore, when performing the final confirmation, the magnification calculated in (Equation 1) may be applied to the target to be visually recognized by each eye (left and right eyes).
(4). Contrast correction (change) for left and right targets
The contrast sensitivity of the human eye gradually decreases with aging, but if the contrast sensitivity decreases significantly on the left and right sides, the binocular visual function may be adversely affected and correct binocular vision may not be achieved. .

  During optometry, if there is a problem with binocular vision, it is necessary to examine the eye by determining whether it is due to a decrease in contrast sensitivity or due to other causes.

  When the contrast sensitivity characteristic inspection shows a large gap in the left and right eye contrast sensitivity, the function of the present invention can be used to change the contrast of the left and right eye targets so that the contrast sensitivity of the left and right eyes is balanced to some extent. It becomes possible to take.

  As shown in FIG. 15A, the left target Ldx whose left half is projected only to the left eye (left eye) is displayed on the left side of the left and right center line O2 on the liquid crystal display 53 of the left inspection unit 5L. As shown in FIG. 15B, the right target Rdx whose right half is projected only to the right eye (the right eye to be examined) is displayed on the left side of the left and right center lines O2 on the liquid crystal display 53 of the right examination unit 5R. Let With such a display, when the left target Ldx and the right target Rdx are respectively presented to the subject's left and right eyes and viewed simultaneously, the left and right eyes are normal and the left and right eyes are different in contrast sensitivity (viewing state). When there is no image, the appearance is as shown in FIG. 16, but when there is a large difference in contrast sensitivity (viewing state) between the left and right eyes, the appearance is as shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 15, the alphabet “ABC” is used for the left target Ldx and the right target Rdx. In FIG. 17, the contrast of the left target Ldx is brighter (higher sensitivity) than the contrast of the right target Rdx. It has become.

  Therefore, the contrast of the eye target with the lower contrast sensitivity is increased and adjusted until the left and right sides look almost the same. In FIG. 17, since the contrast sensitivity of the right target Rdx is low, adjustment (change) is performed to increase the contrast sensitivity of the right target Rdx to the sensitivity of the left target Ldx.

  Further, such a change in contrast can be performed by the examiner operation unit K of the input operation device Pc, which is the target operation device CLR shown in FIG. 2A. That is, the change at this time can be performed by the keyboard Kb or dial Da of the examiner operation unit K or the keyboard Kb and dial Da. Furthermore, the change of the contrast in this case is as follows. The examiner asks the subject how to see the target (whether the left and right target are the same brightness, which is brighter, etc.) and responds to the response. This can be executed by the examiner operating the examiner operation unit K.

The final adjusted value is stored here, and in the binocular visual function test to be performed later, it is preferable to present the visual target while maintaining this contrast state.
In objective refraction measurement, generally, light is incident on the eye, and the transmittance of the eye can be measured by measuring the difference between the intensity of the incident light and the intensity of the reflected light.

The contrast adjustment function may be automatically performed by examining the correlation between the difference in transmittance between the left and right eyes and the difference in the contrast sensitivity.
(5). Change (correction) of target presentation position
A. About the visual recognition state of the visual target due to eye misalignment Measurement of eye misalignment is performed by using a composite image when different targets are presented for the left eye and the right eye as shown in FIG. Is called.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 18A, the left-eye misalignment detection target (left-eye oblique detection target) Lm, which is a horizontal target line, is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5L. The right-eye shift detection target (right-eye oblique detection target) Rm, which is the vertical target line, is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5R. Then, the left eye misalignment detection target Lm and the right eye misalignment detection target Rm are simultaneously recognized by the left and right eyes of the subject, respectively, and the left eye misalignment detection target Lm and the right eye misalignment are detected. Eye misalignment is measured by causing the subject to recognize the detection target Rm as a composite image fused as shown in (i) to (iii) of FIG.

  The left-eye misalignment detection target Lm has horizontal visual target lines Lm1 and Lm2 arranged in series with a left-right interval, and the right-eye misalignment detection target Rm is in series with a vertical interval. Have vertical visual markings Rm1, Rm2.

  In the example of FIG. 18, when there is no eye misalignment, both the left eye misalignment detection target (horizontal target line) Lm) and the right eye misalignment detection target (vertical target line) Rm are both (i ), But when there is a horizontal skew, the image shifted in the horizontal direction as shown in (ii), and when there is a vertical skew, as shown in (iii) An image shifted in the vertical direction is observed.

Here, an example of the horizontal oblique position is shown in FIG. In FIG. 19, the left eye misalignment detection target Lm (horizontal visual target lines Lm1, Lm2) and the right eye misalignment detection target Rm (vertical visual target lines Rm1, Rm2) indicated by a number of points are shown. The left eye misalignment detection target Lm indicated by the oblique line, and the right eye 1 appear to be shifted and the vertical line (right eye) presented to the right eye (right eye) Since the misalignment detection target Rm) appears to be shifted to the left side by the misalignment amount x2, it can be seen that the subject is in an outer oblique position.
B. Display correction of target appearance due to eye misalignment In order to correct the target target misalignment as shown in FIG. 19, a normal prism lens is used. In this apparatus, however, the target is rendered to the left and right eyes. Changing the position is a substitute for the prism lens.

  That is, in the example of FIG. 19, the left-eye image (left-eye shift detection target Lm = horizontal target line Lm1, Lm2) indicated by a large number of points is moved to the left by the shift amount x1. The right eye image (right eye misalignment detection target Rm = vertical visual target line Rm1, Rm2) indicated by a number of points is moved to the right by the amount of misalignment x2, and the left eye misalignment detection target (horizontal view) The standard line Lm and the right-eye misalignment detection target (vertical visual line) Rm may be adjusted to intersect at the center.

  The prism lens unit is usually a prism diopter, but this definition is “1 prism diopter is the frequency of the prism that displaces an object located 1 m in front of the eye by 1 cm”. x1 and x2 can be converted into prism diopter correction data from the displacement of the visual target and displayed. If this prism adaptation amount (prism diopter correction data) is determined, the prism adaptation amounts (prism diopter correction data) of the shift amounts x1 and x2 are stored in the memory M. In the subsequent inspection, based on the prism adaptation amount (prism diopter correction data) stored in the memory M, the left target displayed on the left inspection unit 5L and the liquid crystal display 53 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 20A, the display is shifted to the left by the shift amount x1, and the left target to be displayed on the right inspection unit 5R and the liquid crystal display 53 is shifted to the right by the shift amount x2 as shown in FIG. To display. The shift amounts x1 and x2 can be referred to as correction amounts.

  Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B, the subject (for example, characters A and A) presented to the left eye and the right eye in advance is displaced left and right by the shift amounts x1 and x2, respectively. By presenting the left and right eyes respectively, the combined image when viewed with both eyes simultaneously appears to be presented in the center without deviation as shown in FIG.

Note that such correction of eye misalignment can be performed by the examiner operation unit K of the input operation device Pc which is the target operation device CLR shown in FIG. 2A. That is, the correction at this time can be performed by the keyboard Kb or dial Da of the examiner operation unit K or the keyboard Kb and dial Da. Furthermore, in this case, the examiner asks the examinee how to see the target (whether or not the left and right targets are misaligned, etc.) and responds to the response. It can be executed by operating the examiner operation unit K by the examiner.
C. An example of the above-described measurement of eye misalignment of A and an example of display correction of the appearance of the target of B include an oblique test (cross oblique test) as an example of the above-described measurement of eye misalignment. In this oblique test, the oblique amount is measured using the rotary prisms 55A and 55B of the inspection optical system (measurement optical system) in the inspection units 5L and 5R described above.
(Ca). Measurement of oblique amount using rotary prisms 55A and 55B FIG. 21 (a) is a cross oblique test for the left eye which is the same as the left eye misalignment detection target (left eye oblique detection target) Lm. The chart target 71A is shown, and FIG. 21 (b) shows the right eye cruciform test chart target 71B for the right eye misalignment detection target (left eye oblique detection target) Rm. FIG. 22 shows how the visual targets 71A and 71B appear when viewed with both eyes with normal eyes. Table 2 shows how the oblique position looks.

  The arithmetic control circuit 63 'displays the visual targets 71A and 71B on the liquid crystal displays 53 and 53 of the left and right inspection units 5L and 5R, respectively. The targets displayed on the liquid crystal displays 53 and 53 of the inspection units 5L and 5R are the left eye (left eye) and the right eye via the rotary prisms 55A and 55B and the measurement optical system of the inspection units 5L and 5R, respectively. (Right eye to be examined) respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 22, the normal eye 71A and the target 71B intersect at the center, but are separated when there is an oblique position. Further, the rotary prisms 55A and 55B are used for the oblique test, that is, for measuring the amount of prism necessary for the target 71A and the target 71B to intersect at the center as shown in FIG.

  Incidentally, in the optometry program for the oblique test, the arithmetic control circuit 63 ′ is tilted (tilted) to the left or right (tilted) or tilted (tilted) according to the oblique test program (optimized program). The prism amount is continuously changed by rotating the rotary prisms 55A and 55B in opposite directions from the tilt signal from the tilt detection sensor 12b of the joystick lever 6h.

The rotary prisms 55A and 55B are provided so as to be rotatable in the reverse direction or the same direction by a drive motor Pdm such as a pulse motor as a drive device. The prism amount by the rotary prisms 55A and 55B can be detected from the number of drive pulses (drive amount) of the drive motor Pdm that rotates the rotary prisms 55A and 55B, respectively. Further, a rotation detection device (rotation angle detection means) Rps such as a potentiometer and a rotary encoder linked to each of the rotary prisms 55A and 55B is provided, and an output signal (rotation signal) from the rotation angle detection device Rps is used as a rotary prism. The prism amount by 55A and 55B can also be detected.
(C-b). First, the left eye misalignment detection target (left eye oblique detection) is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5L. The target 71B of the cross oblique chart shown in FIG. 21B is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5R as a right eye misalignment detection target (left eye oblique detection target). Display as. As a result, the targets 71A and 71B of the cross oblique charts shown in FIGS. 21 (a) and 21 (b) are presented to both eyes (left eye and right eye) of the subject, respectively, A place chart is set.

  At this time, the LED 53A shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 is turned on, and the fusion frame 53F is presented to both eyes. The reason will be described below.

  There are an oblique position and a perspective view in the misalignment. In the oblique position, the eyes of both eyes are correctly directed to the gaze object in daily private life, and binocular single vision is always performed. However, when one eye is covered, the eye position shift that shifts the covered line of sight is good. The strabismus refers to a misalignment of the eye position in which the gaze is always shifted regardless of whether one eye is covered or not, and the gaze object is always double vision.

  A person who has an oblique position, not a strabismus position, does not have a hindrance in daily life because the object does not become a double image and looks overlapping when gazing at an object in nature. However, if a left-eye optical system and a right-eye optical system are separately provided and an image without fusion stimulation is presented to both eyes through each optical system, it becomes clear that there is a misalignment.

Even if the visual target presented to the left eye and the visual target presented to the right eye are the same, in the case of a visual acuity test using a single-character visual target with a narrow field of view, or in a near vision test performed with more converging vision, It may happen that the target and the target viewed with the right eye cannot be fused.
(Cc). When only two lines are visible
(c1). "Can you see the four lines [vertical two lines (vertical line) and horizontal two lines (horizontal line)]? When you see the button, press the 6g button on the joystick lever 6h. If you see only the two horizontal lines, If you can see the joystick lever 6h to the right or left and only the two vertical lines, push the joystick lever 6h forward or backward. "
(c2). When the joystick lever 6h is tilted to the right or left, the right eye is suppressed, and when the joystick lever 6h is tilted forward or backward, the left eye is suppressed. Stores “tilt: detailed examination required (needs detailed examination of oblique position)” to complete the oblique inspection.
(c3). When the four lines are visible and normal (no normal position)
(c3a). When the button 6g of the joystick lever 6h is pressed, “Do the centers of the horizontal and vertical lines overlap? If so, press the button 6g of the joystick lever 6h. If the vertical line is to the right, Joyce If the tech lever 6h is to the right or left, please push the joystick lever 6h to the left. "
(c3b). When the button 6g is pressed, “skew: normal” is memorized and the skew check is terminated. When the joystick lever 6h is tilted to the right, both eyes are simultaneously set to the BO prism (inner oblique base out prism), and when it is tilted to the left, both eyes are simultaneously set to the BI prism (exterior oblique base in prism). (Table 2). The minimum unit of prism conversion is 0.25Δ.
(c4). When the four lines are visible and there is a horizontal oblique position
(c4a). When the joystick lever 6h is tilted to the right, “tilt the joystick lever 6h to the right or left until the vertical line matches the center position of the horizontal line, and then press the button 6g on the joystick lever 6h.” To announce.
(c4b). Until the button 6g of the joystick lever 6h is pressed, the number of times the joystick lever 6h is tilted to the right or left is counted. After defeating to the right and defeating to the left, deduct 0 times. The right is BO (inner oblique position), the left is BI (outer oblique position), and the number of declinations × 0.25 is the prism amount (Δ).
(c4c). The horizontal oblique position “BO (or BI) Δ” is memorized.
(c4d). When the button 6g of the joystick lever 6h is pressed, "If the center of the horizontal line and the vertical line overlap? If it overlaps, press the button 6g of the joystick lever 6h. If the horizontal line is up, then joystick. If the lever 6h is up and down, please push down the joystick lever 6h. "
(c5). When the four lines are visible and there is a vertical oblique position
(c5a). When the joystick lever 6h is tilted up, the right eye is a BD prism, the left eye is a BU prism, and when it is tilted down, the right eye is a BU prism (base-up prism), and the left eye is a BD prism (base-down prism). (Table 2).
(c5b). “Turn the joystick lever 6h up or down until the vertical line and the center of the horizontal line overlap, and press the button 6g on the joystick lever 6h when they match.”
(c5c). Until the button 6g of the joystick lever 6h is pressed, the number of times the joystick lever 6h is tilted up or down is counted. After defeating up, if defeated down, deduct 0 times. The upper is an oblique position on the right eye, the lower is an oblique position on the upper left eye, and the number of times tilted in each direction × 0.25 is the prism amount (Δ).
m) Memorize vertical oblique position “right eye BDΔ”. Alternatively, “left eye BDΔ” is memorized.
D. The deviation amount of the target is calculated from the prism amount of the oblique test, and the correction of the target display center (target display position) on the liquid crystal display 53 of the target inspection units 5L and 5R. Is different for each subject, and is recorded as subject data in the database of the memory M together with the subject ID.

  Then, the arithmetic control circuit 63 ′ reads the prism amount of the oblique test corresponding to the ID from the subject data when the subject's ID is inputted from a personal computer or the like, and the read oblique test. The display position of the target to be displayed on the liquid crystal displays 53, 53 of the inspection units 5L, 5R is corrected from the prism amount.

  In this way, in the case of a subject with an oblique position, once the oblique position is inspected, it is not necessary to perform an oblique position test with the rotary prisms 55A and 55B from the next time. Visual targets for visual function tests can be quickly presented to the left and right eyes of the subject.

It is not always necessary to record (store) the prism amount by the oblique position test as described above. That is, it is possible to measure the prism amount for each oblique test and to convert the measured oblique amount into the target movement amount and present the target based on the converted target movement amount. .
E. In the case of an optometry apparatus provided with the measurement optical system (inspection optical system) in FIG. 7A In this case, in the oblique position test program, the horizontal direction of the inspection units 5L and 5R is set to the position of the far vision state.

  Then, the fixation target or the image is displayed only on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5L, and the moving lens 57 of the inspection unit 5L is moved in the optical axis direction by the pulse motor PMa so that the fixation target or the image is displayed. The moving lens 57 is set at a position visible to the subject's left eye. Similarly, the fixation target or image or the like is displayed only on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5R, and the moving lens 57 of the inspection unit 5R is moved in the optical axis direction by the pulse motor PMa to fix the fixation target or image or the like. The moving lens 57 is set at a position that can be seen by the subject's right eye. These sets are performed separately for the left eye and the right eye.

  In the state where this setting is completed, as shown in FIG. 18A, the left eye misalignment detection target Lm is displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5L, and at the same time, the liquid crystal display of the inspection unit 5R. The right eye misalignment detection target Rm is displayed at 53. As a result, the left eye misalignment detection target Lm and the right eye misalignment detection target Rm are presented to both eyes (the left test eye and the right test eye) of the subject, and a cross oblique chart is set. Is done. Here, as described above, the left-eye shift detection target Lm is composed of a pair of horizontal target lines Lm1 and Lm2 spaced apart horizontally, and the right-eye shift detection target Rm is spaced vertically. It consists of a pair of vertical viewing marks Rm1 and Rm2.

  When the left eye misalignment detection target Lm and the right eye misalignment detection target Rm are visually recognized by the left eye and the right eye, respectively, as shown in FIG. The center of the eye misalignment detection target Lm (center between the horizontal target lines Lm1 and Lm2) Lo coincides with the center of the right eye misalignment detection target Rm (center between the vertical target lines Rm1 and Rm2) Mo. If this is the case, it becomes a positive position without an oblique position as shown in (i) of FIG. 18B, and the oblique position test is completed by pressing the button 6g of the joystick lever 6h.

  Further, when the left eye misalignment detection target Lm and the right eye misalignment detection target Rm are visually recognized by the left eye and the right eye to be fused, respectively, (b) (ii) or FIG. If they are shifted as shown in FIGS. 19B and 19B, that is, as shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, the center of the left eye misalignment detection target Lm (horizontal target line Lm1). , Lm2) and the center of the right-eye misalignment detection target Rm (the center between the vertical visual target lines Rm1 and Rm2) are shifted left and right or up and down by x or y, there is an oblique position.

  When there is an oblique position, the joystick lever 6h is used to obtain the oblique amount. At this time, when the joystick lever 6h is tilted to the left or right, the arithmetic control circuit 63 ′ shifts the display positions of the vertical visual lines Rm1 and Rm2 displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5R to the left or right. When it is moved and the joystick lever 6h is tilted forward or backward, the display positions of the horizontal viewing lines Lm1 and Lm2 displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the inspection unit 5L are moved up or down.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 23C, the center of the left-eye shift detection target Lm (the center between the horizontal target lines Lm1 and Lm2) and the center of the right-eye shift detection target Rm (the vertical target). When the button 6g of the joystick lever 6h is pressed when the center between the lines Rm1 and Rm2 coincides, the amount of deviation (an oblique amount) in the vertical direction of the left-eye deviation detection target Lm and the right eye A deviation amount (an oblique amount) in the left-right direction of the deviation detection target Rm for use is obtained. The obtained shift amount (tilt amount) is stored in the subject data of the memory M together with the subject ID.

  Further, in the case of the subject with this ID, it is displayed on the liquid crystal displays 53 and 53 of the examination units 5L and 5R based on the deviation amount (the oblique amount) stored in the subject data of the memory M. Correct the display position of the target.

Therefore, based on this correction, the same Landolt ring is displayed on the liquid crystal displays 53, 53 of the left and right inspection units 5L, 5R as shown in FIG. At the same time, when viewed with the left eye and the right eye, the subject will see one Landolt ring as shown in FIG.
(6) Change in horizontal rotation angle The eye misalignment correction described in “(5) Change in target presentation position” is an apparatus shown in FIG. 2A in place of changing the drawing position of the target with respect to horizontal oblique position. It is also possible to obtain the same effect by changing the rotation angle of the inspection units 5L and 5R by using.

  In the case of eye misalignment as shown in FIG. 20, the image presented to the left eye is shifted to the right side and the image presented to the right eye is shifted to the left as compared to the normal position. ing. Therefore, in order to correct this appearance, the left optical system is rotated counterclockwise and the right optical system is rotated clockwise, so that the vertical and horizontal lines intersect at the center. You can adjust to the state you want.

  If the rotation angle of the optical system is obtained from the definition of the prism power, the prism power Pn can be obtained by the following (formula 4).

Pn = 100 × tan θ (Formula 4)
Pn: Prism power θ: Rotation angle of the device from the normal position When obtaining the left and right total prisms, θ is the total value of the right rotation angle and the left line angle.

  As described above, the optometry apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the left inspection unit (left-eye inspection unit 5L) including the left inspection optical system that inspects the subject's left eye. A right inspection unit (right eye inspection unit 5R) having a built-in right inspection optical system for inspecting the examiner's right eye, and a left target to be visually recognized by the left eye through the left inspection optical system are displayed. The left image display device (the liquid crystal display 53 of the left eye inspection unit 5L) and the right image display device (right side) on which the right target to be visually recognized by the right eye to be viewed is displayed via the right inspection optical system. And a liquid crystal display 53) of the eye inspection unit 5R. Further, the optometry apparatus includes a target recording unit (memory M) that records a plurality of targets and a left target and a right target based on a plurality of targets recorded in the target recording unit (memory M). The left target and the right target selected by the target selecting means (the input operating device Pc which is the target operating device CLR) and the target selecting means (the input operating device Pc). And an arithmetic control circuit 63 ′ for independently displaying on the device (liquid crystal display devices 53, 53) and the right image display device. Moreover, the optometry apparatus includes the left image display device (so that the visual inspection state of the left target visually recognized by the left subject eye and the right target visually recognized by the right subject eye is an optimal examination condition). The position of the left target displayed on the liquid crystal display 53 of the left eye inspection unit 5L and the position of the right target displayed on the right image display device (the liquid crystal display 53 of the right eye inspection unit 5R). A target display state correcting unit (an input operation device Pc which is a target operation device CLR) for individually correcting is provided. The liquid crystal display 53, which is an image display device, can also be called a visual target display device.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to easily correct the visually recognized state by the eye to be inspected.

  Further, in the optometry apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the visual recognition state is the left visual target visual size of the left visual target based on the refractive power of the left examined eye and the right visual target based on the refractive power of the right examined eye. It is the right target visual recognition size. In addition, the visual target display state correcting means (the input operation device Pc that is the visual target operation device CLR) is configured so that the left visual target visual recognition size and the right visual target visual recognition size are the same as the optimal inspection condition. The display size of the left target displayed on the left image display device (the liquid crystal display 53 of the left eye inspection unit 5L) and the right image display device (the liquid crystal display 53 of the right eye inspection unit 5R) are displayed. The display size of the right visual target is provided so that it can be individually corrected based on the refractive powers of the left eye and the right eye.

  According to this configuration, in the inspection apparatus in which the refractive error correction optical system is arranged at a position conjugate with the pupil, the size of the target image can be changed individually by the left and right eyes, so that the frequency after completion of the optometry At the time of confirmation, it can be presented in the size when wearing glasses. Also, as with eyeglasses, in an inspection apparatus having a refractive error correction optical system in front of the eyes, it is possible to individually change the size of the target image with the left and right eyes, thereby canceling unequal image vision during optometry. The target size can be changed and presented.

  Further, in the optometry apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the visual recognition state includes a left visual target visual contrast of the left visual target by the left eye and a right visual visual contrast of the right visual target by the right eye. It is. Moreover, the visual target display state correcting means (the input operation device Pc that is the visual target operation device CLR) is configured so that the left visual target visual contrast and the right visual target visual contrast become the same as the optimum inspection condition. The contrast of the left target displayed on the left image display device (the liquid crystal display 53 of the left eye inspection unit 5L) and the right image display device (the liquid crystal display 53 of the right eye inspection unit 5R) It is provided so that the contrast of the right visual target can be individually corrected.

  According to this configuration, the brightness and contrast of the target image can be changed individually for the left and right eyes, making it possible to perform optometry while reducing the difference in contrast sensitivity between the left and right eyes, especially during binocular visual function testing. Works (functions).

  Further, in the optometry apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the visual recognition state is a visual target visual position shift caused by a positional shift between the left eye to be examined and the right eye to be examined. It is a visual target visual position shift in the fusion state of the left visual target visual recognition position and the right visual target visual recognition position of the right visual target by the right eye to be examined. Moreover, the visual target display state correcting means (the input operation device Pc which is the visual target operation device CLR) has zero visual target visual position misalignment between the left visual target visual recognition position and the right visual target visual recognition position as the optimum inspection condition. The display position of the left target displayed on the left image display device (the liquid crystal display 53 of the left eye inspection unit 5L) and the right image display device (the liquid crystal display of the right eye inspection unit 5R) The display position of the right visual target displayed on the device 53) can be individually corrected.

  According to this configuration, a convergence test, an eye misalignment test, and the like can be performed without using a prism lens, and correction of an eye misalignment can be performed without using a prism lens during an inspection. Inspection can be done without

  Further, in the optometry apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the visual recognition state is a visual target visual position shift caused by a positional shift in the left-right direction of the left eye to be examined and the right eye to be examined. It is a visual target visual position shift in the fusion state of the left visual target visual recognition position of the left visual target and the right visual target visual recognition position of the right visual target by the right eye to be examined. The left examination unit (left eye examination unit 5L) is provided so as to be horizontally rotatable about the center of rotation of the left eye by a left unit driving device (Ld), and the right examination unit (right eye examination unit 5R). Is provided at the center of rotation of the right eye to be horizontally turned by a right unit driving device (Rd). In addition, the visual target display state correcting means (the input operation device Pc which is the visual target operation device CLR) visually recognizes the left visual target viewing position and the right visual target viewing position in the horizontal direction as the optimum inspection condition. The drive device (Ld, Rd) is controlled to operate so that the positional deviation becomes zero, and the left examination unit (left eye examination unit 5L) and the right examination unit (right eye examination unit 5R) are individually controlled. By horizontally turning, the left target displayed on the left image display device (liquid crystal display 53 of the left eye inspection unit 5L) and the right image display device (liquid crystal display 53 of the right eye inspection unit 5R). The position of the right visual target displayed in () is individually corrected.

  According to this configuration, the vergence test, the misalignment test, and the like can be performed without using the prism lens, and correction of the misalignment can be performed without using the prism lens during the inspection. Inspection can be done without

  In the above-described embodiments, the present invention is applied to the optometry apparatus 2 including the inspection units 5L and 5R provided with the reflex optical system (refractive power measurement optical systems 33L and 33R, etc.). It is not limited to. The present invention may be applied to a configuration in which the inspection optical units (refractive power measurement optical systems 33L, 33R, etc.) of the inspection unit 2 are excluded from the inspection units 5L, 5R.

5L ... left eye inspection unit (left inspection unit)
5R ... right eye inspection unit (right inspection unit)
53 ... Liquid crystal display (image display device, target display device)
M: Memory (target recording means)
Pc ... input operation device (target selection means, target operation device)
CLR ... Target operation device (Target selection means)
62, 63 ... arithmetic control circuit Ld ... left unit driving device Rd ... right unit driving device

Claims (5)

A left inspection unit with a built-in left inspection optical system that inspects the left eye of the subject;
A right inspection unit with a built-in right inspection optical system for inspecting the subject's right eye;
A left image display device on which a left target to be visually recognized by the left eye to be inspected via the left inspection optical system;
A right image display device on which a right visual target to be visually recognized by the right eye to be inspected via the right inspection optical system;
A target recording means for recording a plurality of targets;
A target selection means for selecting the left target and the right target from a plurality of targets recorded in the target recording means;
An optometry apparatus comprising: an arithmetic control circuit that causes the left image display device and the right image display device to independently display the left target and right target selected by the target selection means,
The left visual target displayed on the left image display device so that the visual inspection state of the left visual target visually recognized by the left eye to be examined and the right visual target visually recognized by the right eye to be examined is an optimal examination condition. And an optometrist display state correcting means for individually correcting the position of the right optotype displayed on the right image display device. 2. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the visual recognition state is a left visual target visual recognition size of the left visual target based on a refractive power of the left examined eye and a right vision of the right visual target based on a refractive power of the right examined eye. It is the target visual recognition size,
The target display state correcting unit is configured to display the left target display size displayed on the left image display device so that the left target visual recognition size and the right target visual recognition size are the same as the optimum inspection condition. And a display size of the right visual target displayed on the right image display device is provided so as to be individually correctable based on the refractive power of the left eye and the right eye. In the optometry apparatus according to claim 1, the visual recognition state is a left visual target visual contrast of the left visual target by the left eye to be examined and a right visual target visual contrast of the right visual target by the right eye to be examined,
The optotype display state correcting means includes the contrast of the left optotype displayed on the left image display device so that the left visual target visual contrast and the right visual target visual contrast become the same as the optimal inspection condition. An optometric apparatus, characterized in that the contrast of the right visual target displayed on the right image display device can be individually corrected. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1,
The visual recognition state is a visual target visual position shift caused by a positional shift between the left eye to be examined and the right eye to be examined. The left visual target visually recognized position of the left visual target by the left examined eye and the right eye from the right examined eye. The visual target visual position shift in the fusion state of the right visual target visual recognition position of the target,
The target display state correcting means is displayed on the left image display device so that a target target visual position shift between the left target visual recognition position and the right target visual recognition position becomes zero as the optimum inspection condition. An optometric apparatus, characterized in that a display position of a left visual target and a display position of the right visual target displayed on the right image display device can be individually corrected. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1,
The visual recognition state is a visual target visual position misalignment caused by a lateral misalignment between the left eye and the right eye, and the left visual target position of the left eye and the right eye by the left eye. The target visual recognition position shift in the fusion state of the right visual target visual recognition position of the right visual target by optometry, the left inspection unit is provided by the left unit drive device so as to be horizontally pivotable about the rotation center of the left eye to be examined, The right examination unit is provided at the center of rotation of the right eye to be rotated horizontally by the right unit driving device,
The target display state correcting means controls the drive device so that a shift of the target visual recognition position in the horizontal direction between the left target visual recognition position and the right target visual recognition position becomes zero as the optimum inspection condition. Then, by horizontally turning the left inspection unit and the right inspection unit individually, the positions of the left target displayed on the left image display device and the right target displayed on the right image display device are determined. An optometry apparatus characterized by being individually corrected.

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