JP2010255620A - Fuel injection nozzle for combustion engine - Google Patents

Fuel injection nozzle for combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2010255620A
JP2010255620A JP2010027840A JP2010027840A JP2010255620A JP 2010255620 A JP2010255620 A JP 2010255620A JP 2010027840 A JP2010027840 A JP 2010027840A JP 2010027840 A JP2010027840 A JP 2010027840A JP 2010255620 A JP2010255620 A JP 2010255620A
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Prior art keywords
valve seat
blind hole
fuel injection
hole
nozzle
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JP2010027840A
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JP5606750B2 (en
Inventor
Hendrik Grosse-Loescher
ヘンドリック・グロッセ−レッシャー
Roman Petz
ロマン・ペッツ
Heiner Haberland
ハイナー・ハーベルラント
Andreas Stichnoth
アンドレアス・シュティッヒノート
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Diesel SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1866—Valve seats or member ends having multiple cones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel injection nozzle wherein fuel consumption and exhaust emission discharge of a combustion engine are improved. <P>SOLUTION: The fuel injection nozzle for the combustion engine includes a nozzle body with a cavity and a nozzle needle set in the cavity of the nozzle body to be axially movable. The cavity is separated into a valve seat hole and a blind hole continuing to the valve seat hole. A fuel injection passage is branched from the blind hole and the valve seat hole is formed in a conical shape tapered in a direction to the blind hole. An inner wall enclosing the valve seat hole is defined as a first valve seat surface. The nozzle needle includes a valve seat part and a tip end part continuing to the valve seat part. An outer circumference of the valve seat part is a tapered conical shape and the outer circumference is defined as a second valve seat surface. As the second valve surface is set to cooperate with the first valve seat surface, a valve capable of controlling a flow rate cross section is formed. The blind hole is formed to be a conical shape tapered in a direction toward a bottom of the blind hole. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は請求項１のおいて書きに記載された、燃焼機関のための燃料噴射ノズルに関する。   The invention relates to a fuel injection nozzle for a combustion engine as described in claim 1.

上述のような燃料噴射ノズルは、特許文献１より知られている。   The fuel injection nozzle as described above is known from Patent Document 1.

独国特許第１０２００６０４３４６０号明細書German Patent No. 102006043460

本発明の課題は、燃焼機関の燃料消費及び排気排出の観点において改良された燃料噴射ノズルを提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide an improved fuel injection nozzle in terms of fuel consumption and exhaust emission of a combustion engine.

上記の課題は、請求項１に記載の燃料噴射ノズルにより解決される。本発明の発展形は従属請求項により定義される。   Said subject is solved by the fuel-injection nozzle of Claim 1. Developments of the invention are defined by the dependent claims.

本発明による、燃焼機関用の燃料噴射ノズルは、一つの空洞を持つ一つのノズル本体、及び、該ノズル本体の前記空洞内において軸方向に移動可能に取り付けられたノズルニードルを有しており、前記空洞は、弁座穴と、該弁座穴に続く止まり穴とに分けられており、該止まり穴からは少なくとも一つの燃料噴射路が分岐しており、このとき前記弁座穴は前記止まり穴の方向に向かって円錐状に先細になるように形成されており、また、前記弁座穴を取り囲む内壁を第１弁座面と規定し、また、前記ノズルニードルは、弁座部分及び該弁座部分に続く噴射部分を有しており、該弁座部分の外周は円錐状に先細になっており、該外周を第２の弁座面と規定し、該第２弁座面は、前記第１弁座面と協働するように設定されているために、流量断面を制御する弁が形成される。   A fuel injection nozzle for a combustion engine according to the present invention has one nozzle body having one cavity, and a nozzle needle attached to be movable in the axial direction in the cavity of the nozzle body, The cavity is divided into a valve seat hole and a blind hole that follows the valve seat hole, and at least one fuel injection path branches off from the blind hole. The inner wall surrounding the valve seat hole is defined as a first valve seat surface, and the nozzle needle includes a valve seat portion and the valve seat portion. The valve seat portion has an injection portion, the outer periphery of the valve seat portion is tapered conically, the outer periphery is defined as a second valve seat surface, the second valve seat surface, Because it is set to cooperate with the first valve seat surface, the flow cross section Control valves are formed.

前記燃料噴射ノズルは、前記止まり穴、又は、前記止まり穴の略直線状又は平面状の壁面部分が、前記止まり穴の底に向かって円錐状に先細に形成されていることを特徴としている。望ましくは前記空洞の断面は円形であって、前記止まり穴の底又は前記止まり穴の壁面部分の輪郭は、円形状に湾曲した輪郭又は双曲線状に湾曲した輪郭のように、カーブ状に湾曲している。   The fuel injection nozzle is characterized in that the blind hole or a substantially linear or planar wall surface portion of the blind hole is tapered in a conical shape toward the bottom of the blind hole. Preferably, the cross section of the cavity is circular, and the contour of the bottom of the blind hole or the wall surface portion of the blind hole is curved like a circularly curved contour or a hyperbolic curved contour. ing.

さらに、前記ノズルニードルの先端部分の先端は望ましくは点状になっていて、前記燃料噴射路への分岐を有する前記止まり穴のレベルを過ぎて、前記止まり穴内まで伸びているため、それにより流体工学的にさらなる長所が得られる。   Furthermore, the tip of the tip portion of the nozzle needle is preferably punctiform and extends past the blind hole level having a branch to the fuel injection path into the blind hole, thereby allowing fluid to flow. Additional engineering advantages are gained.

本発明において前記止まり穴が円錐状又は斜面状に形成されていることにより、前記止まり穴は、弁の寸法が同じであれば、従来技術と比較して容積が小さいため、より低い燃料消費、より低い炭化水素（ＨＣ）排出、及び（重油運転における）燃料噴射ノズルのコーキングの低減につながり、それにより、隣接する部材の摩耗も低減される。   In the present invention, since the blind hole is formed in a conical shape or a sloped shape, the blind hole has a smaller volume compared to the prior art if the dimensions of the valve are the same. This results in lower hydrocarbon (HC) emissions and reduced fuel injection nozzle coking (in heavy oil operation), thereby reducing wear on adjacent components.

前記止まり穴が円錐状又は斜面状に形成されているために、本発明の燃料噴射ノズルの運転中、流入する燃料の壁離脱が低下し、そのためにキャビテーションが低下して圧力損失も低下し、それにより、燃料噴射における噴霧化が最適化され、それにより燃焼も最適化される。   Since the blind hole is formed in a conical shape or a slanted shape, during the operation of the fuel injection nozzle of the present invention, the wall separation of the inflowing fuel is reduced, so that the cavitation is reduced and the pressure loss is also reduced. Thereby, the atomization in the fuel injection is optimized and thereby the combustion is also optimized.

換言すると、本発明による燃料噴射ノズルの実施形態により、最大の止まり穴圧力及び最低の止まり穴容量、及び場合によっては追加的な境界条件という点について最適の解決法が提供される。前記止まり穴の円錐度を規定する止まり穴角度は望ましくは６０〜７０度である。   In other words, the fuel injection nozzle embodiment according to the present invention provides an optimal solution in terms of maximum blind hole pressure and minimum blind hole capacity, and possibly additional boundary conditions. The blind hole angle that defines the conicity of the blind hole is preferably 60 to 70 degrees.

本発明の一つの実施例によると、前記弁座部分から前記先端部分への移行部におけるノズルニードル直径は、前記弁座穴から前記止まり穴への移行部における空洞直径よりも大きい。   According to one embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle needle diameter at the transition from the valve seat portion to the tip portion is greater than the cavity diameter at the transition from the valve seat hole to the blind hole.

そのため、弁が閉じた状態において前記ノズルニードルは、その弁座面（第２弁座面）により、ノズル本体の弁座面（第１弁座面）においていくらか高いところに位置するため、弁座穴から止まり穴への移行部が露出される。このような幾何学的構成により、開弁時には、流入する燃料の断面が連続的に減少され、流れの「遷移」が回避される。   For this reason, the nozzle needle is positioned somewhat higher on the valve seat surface (first valve seat surface) of the nozzle body due to the valve seat surface (second valve seat surface) when the valve is closed. The transition from the hole to the blind hole is exposed. With such a geometrical configuration, when the valve is opened, the cross-section of the incoming fuel is continuously reduced and flow “transitions” are avoided.

本発明の一つの実施例による燃料噴射ノズルの部分を図式化した図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a portion of a fuel injection nozzle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

以下、本発明について、望ましい実施の形態及び付属の図を用いて詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings.

図１には、内燃機関などの燃焼機関（図示されず）のための燃料噴射ノズル１の断面が図示されている。   FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a fuel injection nozzle 1 for a combustion engine (not shown) such as an internal combustion engine.

燃料噴射ノズル１は、ノズル本体１０及び円柱状の断面を持つノズルニードル２０を備えている。   The fuel injection nozzle 1 includes a nozzle body 10 and a nozzle needle 20 having a cylindrical cross section.

ノズル本体１０は、円柱状の断面を持つ空洞３０を備えており、該空洞３０は一つの弁座穴３１、及び、該弁座穴３１に続く一つの止まり穴３５に分かれている。   The nozzle body 10 includes a cavity 30 having a cylindrical cross section, and the cavity 30 is divided into one valve seat hole 31 and one blind hole 35 following the valve seat hole 31.

前記弁座穴３１は、前記止まり穴に向かう方向において、弁座角度σで円錐状に又は斜面状に先細に形成されており、このとき前記弁座穴３１を取り囲む内壁に第１弁座面３２が規定される。   The valve seat hole 31 is formed in a conical shape or a tapered shape with a valve seat angle σ in a direction toward the blind hole, and at this time, a first valve seat surface is formed on an inner wall surrounding the valve seat hole 31. 32 is defined.

止まり穴３５は、止まり穴３５の底３６に向かう方向において、止まり穴角度εで円錐状に又は斜面状に先細に構成されており、このとき止まり穴３５の円錐度を規定する止まり穴角度はε＝６０〜７０度である（図示された実施例においてはε≒６２度）。止まり穴３５からは、燃焼機関の燃焼室へ燃料を噴射するために設けられた、少なくとも一つの燃料噴射路３３が分岐している。   The blind hole 35 is tapered in a conical shape or an inclined surface with a blind hole angle ε in the direction toward the bottom 36 of the blind hole 35. At this time, the blind hole angle defining the conicity of the blind hole 35 is ε = 60-70 degrees (in the illustrated embodiment, ε≈62 degrees). From the blind hole 35, at least one fuel injection path 33 provided for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of the combustion engine is branched.

空洞３０は、弁座穴３１から止まり穴３５への移行部において空洞直径ＤＵを有している。 Cavity 30 has a cavity diameter D U at the transition to the bore 35 blind from Benzaana 31.

ノズルニードル２０は、該ノズルニードル２０の長手方向において、図示されていないバネにより生成される閉鎖力に抗して軸方向に移動可能なように、ノズル本体１０の空洞３０内にセットされている。ノズルニードル２０は弁座部分２１及び、この弁座部分２１に続く先端部分２５を有している。   The nozzle needle 20 is set in the cavity 30 of the nozzle body 10 so as to be movable in the axial direction against a closing force generated by a spring (not shown) in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle needle 20. . The nozzle needle 20 has a valve seat portion 21 and a tip portion 25 following the valve seat portion 21.

ノズルニードル２０の弁座部分２１の外周は、弁座角度σで円錐状又は斜面状に先細になっており、この外周を第２の弁座面２２と規定する。該第２弁座面２２は、第１弁座面３２と同じ角度で構成されていることにより、また、ノズルニードル２０の長手方向の端に配置されていることにより、第１弁座面３２と協働するよう設定されているため、流量断面の制御が可能な弁Ｖが形成される。   The outer periphery of the valve seat portion 21 of the nozzle needle 20 is tapered in a conical shape or a slope shape at a valve seat angle σ, and this outer periphery is defined as a second valve seat surface 22. The second valve seat surface 22 is configured at the same angle as the first valve seat surface 32, and is disposed at the longitudinal end of the nozzle needle 20, whereby the first valve seat surface 32. Therefore, the valve V capable of controlling the flow cross section is formed.

ノズルニードル２０の先端部分２５の外周は、先端角度αで円錐状又は斜面状に先細になっており、図示された実施例においてはこの先端角度はα＝６０度である。   The outer periphery of the tip portion 25 of the nozzle needle 20 is tapered in a conical shape or a slope shape at a tip angle α, and in the illustrated embodiment, this tip angle is α = 60 degrees.

図示された実施例によると、弁座穴３１及び弁座部分２１の円錐度を規定する弁座角度はσ＝９０度である。   According to the illustrated embodiment, the valve seat angle defining the conicity of the valve seat hole 31 and the valve seat portion 21 is σ = 90 degrees.

ノズルニードル２０は弁座部分２１から先端部分２５への移行部分においてノズルニードル直径ｄＵを有する。 The nozzle needle 20 has a nozzle needle diameter d U at the transition portion to the tip portion 25 from the valve seat portion 21.

図示された実施例によると、ノズルニードル直径ｄＵは、空洞直径ＤＵよりいくらか大きいため、図示された弁Ｖが閉じた状態においては、ノズルニードル２０における移行部又はノズルニードル直径ｄＵは、空洞３０の移行部又は空洞直径ＤＵより、高低差Δｈ（図示された実施例においてはΔｈ≒０．５ｍｍ〜１ｍｍ）だけ高いところに位置している。 According to the illustrated embodiment, the nozzle needle diameter d U is somewhat larger than the cavity diameter D U , so that when the illustrated valve V is closed, the transition or nozzle needle diameter d U in the nozzle needle 20 is from transition or cavity diameter D U of the cavity 30 is located only a high place (Delta] h ≒ 0.5 mm to 1 mm in the embodiment illustrated) height difference Delta] h.

幾何学的にこのように構成されているため、弁Ｖが開いている場合は、流入する燃料の断面が連続的に減少し、流れの「遷移」が回避される。   Due to this geometric configuration, when the valve V is open, the cross-section of the incoming fuel is continuously reduced and flow “transitions” are avoided.

その結果、本発明においては、止まり穴３５が円錐状又は斜面状に先細に形成されていることにより、従来技術と比較して止まり穴３５の容量低減が実現され、それにより燃料消費の低減、炭化水素排出（ＨＣ排出）の低減、及び燃料噴射ノズルのコーキング低減（重油運転の場合）につながり、それにより周囲の構成要素の摩耗も低減する。   As a result, in the present invention, since the blind hole 35 is tapered in a conical shape or a sloped shape, the capacity of the blind hole 35 is reduced as compared with the prior art, thereby reducing fuel consumption, This leads to a reduction in hydrocarbon emissions (HC emissions) and coking of the fuel injection nozzle (in the case of heavy oil operation), thereby reducing the wear of surrounding components.

さらに、止まり穴３５が円錐状又は斜面状に形成されていることにより、本発明の燃料噴射ノズル１の運転中は流入する燃料の壁面離脱が低減され、そのためキャビテーションが低下して圧力損失も低下し、それにより、燃料噴射における噴霧化が最適化され、それにより燃焼が最適化される。換言すると、本発明による燃料噴射ノズル１の実施形態により、最大の止まり穴圧力及び最低の止まり穴容量という点において最適の解決法が提供される。   Further, since the blind hole 35 is formed in a conical shape or a slanted shape, the separation of the wall surface of the inflowing fuel during the operation of the fuel injection nozzle 1 of the present invention is reduced, so that the cavitation is reduced and the pressure loss is also reduced. Thus, atomization in fuel injection is optimized, thereby optimizing combustion. In other words, the embodiment of the fuel injection nozzle 1 according to the present invention provides an optimal solution in terms of maximum blind hole pressure and minimum blind hole capacity.

１ 燃料噴射ノズル
１０ ノズル本体
２０ ノズルニードル
２１ 弁座部分
２２ 第２弁座面
２５ 先端部分
３０ 空洞
３１ 弁座穴
３２ 第１弁座面
３３ 燃料噴射路
３５ 止まり穴
３６ 底
Ｖ 弁
ＤＵ 空洞直径
ｄＵ ノズルニードル直径
Δｈ 高低差
ε 止まり穴角度
σ 弁座角度
α 先端角度 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fuel injection nozzle 10 Nozzle main body 20 Nozzle needle 21 Valve seat part 22 2nd valve seat surface 25 Tip part 30 Cavity 31 Valve seat hole 32 1st valve seat surface 33 Fuel injection path 35 Blind hole 36 Bottom V Valve D U Cavity diameter d U Nozzle needle diameter Δh Height difference ε Blind hole angle σ Valve seat angle α Tip angle

Claims (4)

燃焼機関用の燃料噴射ノズル（１）であって、一つの空洞（３０）を備えるノズル本体（１０）、及び、該ノズル本体（１０）の該空洞（３０）内に軸方向に移動可能にセットされた一つのノズルニードル（２０）を備え、
前記空洞（３０）は一つの弁座穴（３１）及び該弁座穴（３１）に続く一つの止まり穴（３５）に分割され、該止まり穴（３５）からは少なくとも一つの燃料噴射路（３３）が分岐しており、前記弁座穴（３１）は前記止まり穴（３５）に向かう方向に円錐状に先細に形成されており、また、前記弁座穴（３１）を取り囲む内壁を第１弁座面（３２）と規定し、また、
前記ノズルニードル（２０）は一つの弁座部分（２１）及び該弁座部分（２１）に続く一つの先端部分（２５）を有しており、該弁座部分（２１）の外周は円錐状に先細になっており、該外周を第２の弁座面（２２）と規定し、該第２弁座面（２２）は、前記第１弁座面（３２）と協働するよう設定されているため、流量断面の制御が可能な弁（Ｖ）が形成される燃料噴射ノズル（１）において、
前記止まり穴（３５）が、該止まり穴（３５）の底（３６）に向かう方向において円錐状に先細に形成されていることを特徴とする、燃料噴射ノズル（１）。 A fuel injection nozzle (1) for a combustion engine, comprising a nozzle body (10) having a single cavity (30), and being axially movable within the cavity (30) of the nozzle body (10) With one nozzle needle (20) set,
The cavity (30) is divided into one valve seat hole (31) and one blind hole (35) following the valve seat hole (31), and from the blind hole (35), at least one fuel injection path ( 33) is branched, and the valve seat hole (31) is tapered in a direction toward the blind hole (35), and an inner wall surrounding the valve seat hole (31) 1 valve seat surface (32),
The nozzle needle (20) has one valve seat portion (21) and one tip portion (25) following the valve seat portion (21), and the outer periphery of the valve seat portion (21) is conical. The outer periphery defines a second valve seat surface (22), the second valve seat surface (22) being set to cooperate with the first valve seat surface (32). Therefore, in the fuel injection nozzle (1) in which the valve (V) capable of controlling the flow rate cross section is formed,
The fuel injection nozzle (1), wherein the blind hole (35) is tapered in a direction toward the bottom (36) of the blind hole (35). 前記弁座部分（２１）から前記先端部分（２５）への移行部におけるノズルニードル直径（ｄＵ）が、前記弁座穴（３１）から前記止まり穴（３５）への移行部における空洞直径（ＤＵ）より大きいことを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の燃料噴射ノズル（１）。 The nozzle needle diameter (d U ) at the transition from the valve seat portion (21) to the tip portion (25) is the cavity diameter at the transition from the valve seat hole (31) to the blind hole (35) ( being greater than D U), the fuel injection nozzle according to claim 1 (1). 前記止まり穴（３５）の円錐度を規定する止まり穴角度（ε）が６０〜７０度であることを特徴とする、請求項１または２に記載の燃料噴射ノズル（１）。   The fuel injection nozzle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the blind hole angle (ε) defining the conicity of the blind hole (35) is 60 to 70 degrees. 前記弁座穴（３１）及び前記弁座部分（２１）の円錐度を規定する弁座角度（σ）がおよそ９０度であることを特徴とする、請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の燃料噴射ノズル（１）。   The valve seat angle (σ) that defines the conicity of the valve seat hole (31) and the valve seat portion (21) is approximately 90 degrees, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The fuel injection nozzle (1) described.
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