JP2010233352A - Power supply system, and device for control of distributed power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To avoid adverse effects on a power system due to a reverse power flow in the power system having a distributed power plant at a power consumption point. <P>SOLUTION: A power supply system includes an estimation unit for estimating a power consumption amount at a power consumption point and a power generation amount generated by a distributed power plant installed at the power consumption point based on weather information at the power consumption point in a predetermined future period, a voltage distribution estimating unit estimating a voltage distribution in the power system based on the power consumption amount and the power generation amount by the distributed power plant at the power consumption point estimated by the estimation unit, and a supply determination unit determining whether power supply to the power consumption point can be normally performed in the predetermined future period based on the voltage distribution estimated by the voltage distribution estimating unit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply system that supplies power to a power consumption point of a power system and collects generated power from a distributed power generator provided there.

  In power systems that are supplied with power from thermal power plants and nuclear power plants that are installed as social infrastructure, power generators are installed in a distributed manner independent of these main power plants. In some cases, energy is used to generate electricity. Examples of the distributed power generation device include a solar power generation device, a wind power generation device, a fuel cell, and a gas engine power generation device. If surplus power is generated in the amount of power generated by these distributed power generation devices, The reverse power flow (so-called “power sale”) is performed, and the electric power is effectively used.

  However, when a reverse power flow is performed on the electric power system, the voltage in the electric power system increases, and it may be difficult to properly maintain the supply voltage of the electric power system. Therefore, in a distributed power generation device such as a solar power generation device, electric power is stored and stored in a power storage device or a heat storage device that is provided with the distributed power generation device so as not to adversely affect the power system. A technique for suppressing reverse power flow to the system is disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, a technique for maintaining the power quality of the power system by eliminating variations in reverse power flow between a plurality of distributed generators installed in the power system is also disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 2). .

  In addition, since the power demand and the power supply in the entire power system must always match, the output of the generator is adjusted in accordance with the power demand. Therefore, a technique for performing efficient power generation control in an electric power system including a secondary battery is disclosed. (For example, see Patent Document 3)

JP 2008-2703 A JP 2007-288877 A JP 2006-94648 A

  Distributed power generators that convert natural energy such as sunlight and wind power into electric power are required to spread in order to reduce the environmental burden.

  On the other hand, the power system has a characteristic that the voltage is higher as it is closer to the generator, and the voltage is lower as the distance from the generator is farther away and the demand point is approached. Based on this characteristic, the supply voltage from the substation is controlled so that it becomes an appropriate voltage at the demand point, but when a distributed generator is installed and power generation is performed, compared to the case where there is no distributed generator The voltage at the installation point of the distributed generator becomes high. Further, when surplus power is generated from the power generated by the distributed power generator and it is returned to the power system (that is, when a reverse power flow is generated), the voltage at the installation point of the distributed power generator becomes higher from the sending side. The voltage on the sending side is controlled by looking at the status of several tens of demand points connected to the subordinate system, and the demand point where the distributed generator is installed in the subordinate system and the demand point where it is not installed If there is a mixture of voltages, a voltage imbalance will occur, and it will be difficult to keep the voltages at all locations appropriate.

Furthermore, in order to properly operate the power system frequency, it is necessary to always match the power demand with the power supply. Therefore, the main power generation of the power system in accordance with changes in power demand and output fluctuations of the distributed generator Controls the power supplied from the equipment (thermal power plant, hydropower plant, etc.). Here, when the reverse power flow increases, it is necessary to reduce the output of the main power generation apparatus by that amount, but this reduces the remaining power that can reduce the output of the main power generation apparatus in accordance with a change in demand. . When the adjustment capability on the power system side is not reached, a frequency disturbance or the like occurs.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a system that avoids adverse effects on the power system due to reverse power flow in a power system including a distributed power generation device.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, in the power supply system according to the first aspect of the present invention, the amount of power generated by the distributed power generator is predicted by using weather information at the installation point of the distributed power generator, and the power consumption By using the weather information at the point, the power consumption amount at the power consumption point is predicted, and the voltage distribution of the power system is estimated based on the prediction result. Accordingly, it can be determined whether or not the power supply by the power system can be normally performed.

  Specifically, the first aspect of the present invention supplies power to a plurality of power consumption points where power is consumed from the power supply source in a power system having a main power supply source, and is distributed to the power system. And a power supply system capable of recovering part or all of the power generated by the distributed power generator that cannot be arbitrarily controlled from a remote concentrated base on the power system side, and has a predetermined future time The amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device is predicted based on the weather information at the installation point of the distributed power generation device, and the power consumption at the power consumption point is calculated based on the weather information at the power consumption point. A voltage distribution in the power system is estimated based on a prediction unit that predicts the amount, power consumption at the power consumption point predicted by the prediction unit, and power generation by the distributed power generator. And a supply determination that determines whether or not the power supply to the power consumption point can be normally executed in the predetermined future period based on the voltage distribution estimated by the voltage distribution estimation unit and the voltage distribution estimated by the voltage distribution estimation unit A section.

  In the power supply system according to the present invention, the power from the main power supply source of the power system, such as a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant, is used as a power consumption point where power is consumed by a home or a business office of a company. Supplied. On the other hand, so-called power sale is performed in which the power generated by the distributed power generators provided in a distributed manner is caused to flow backward to the power system, and the power generated by the power system is collected. . As a result, it is possible to obtain consideration for selling power from the power system side by the distributed power generation apparatus.

  However, a problem that arises when this reverse power flow is performed is a voltage rise in the power system. If this rise is excessive, an overvoltage state occurs, which adversely affects power equipment. For this reason, it is preferable to keep the degree of reverse power flow within a certain range. Therefore, the power supply system according to the present invention includes the prediction unit, the voltage estimation unit, and the supply determination unit, thereby maintaining the power quality of the power system. The prediction unit predicts the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device installed there based on the weather information about the installation point of the distributed power generation device, and at the power consumption point based on the weather information about the power consumption point. Predict the power consumption. Here, weather information is used as a parameter for forecasting because power consumption tends to be affected by weather conditions, and distributed generators that generate power based on natural energy are affected by weather conditions. Because there is a tendency to receive. In addition, in this invention, it does not prevent performing the said prediction using another parameter in addition to the weather information of the installation point of a distributed generator. In addition, when the power consumption point is also the installation point of the distributed power generation device, the power generation amount and the power consumption amount of the distributed power generation device at the consumption point are predicted based on the weather information, and the reverse power flow is Infer.

  Then, the voltage distribution estimation unit estimates the voltage distribution in the power system at a predetermined future time according to the result predicted by the prediction unit. This estimated voltage distribution reflects the weather condition in a predetermined future period. Therefore, the power supply system according to the present invention determines whether power can be supplied in an appropriate voltage range in a predetermined future time based on the estimation result via the supply determination unit.

  In the power supply system, when the supply determination unit determines that normal power supply cannot be performed, a notification that promotes power consumption to the power consumption point at the predetermined future time, or the distribution You may make it further provide the notification part which implements the notification which suppresses the electric power generation amount by the said distributed power generator with respect to the installation point of a type power generator.

  When the supply determining unit determines that normal power supply cannot be performed, notification by the notification unit is performed. This notification is made from the power supply system to the power consumption point included in the power system or the installation point of the distributed generator. The content of the notification is promotion of power consumption at the power consumption point or power generation suppression by the distributed power generation device, in other words, notification for the purpose of suppressing reverse power flow to the power system. Therefore, it is possible to keep the voltage distribution of the entire power system in an appropriate state by urging the power consumption point and the installation point of the distributed power generation device to cope with the reverse power flow through the notification.

  Further, in the power supply system described above, the power system adjusts a partial supply voltage in the power system in order to supply the power consumption point from the main power supply source to the power consumption point. When having an adjustment device, the supply determination unit can normally execute power supply to the power consumption point through voltage adjustment by the voltage adjustment device based on the voltage distribution estimated by the voltage distribution estimation unit. It may be determined whether or not. Examples of the voltage regulator include a transformer with a load tap changer in a power system, a power capacitor, a reactor, and the like. The transformer with a load tap changer adjusts the voltage of the system after the transformer by changing the transformation ratio. Phase adjustment equipment such as power capacitors and reactors are connected to the power system or disconnected from the system to adjust the voltage within a limited range around the phase adjustment equipment. That is, the supply determination unit determines whether or not normal power supply is possible in consideration of the adjustable range of the device that can adjust the voltage in power supply in the power system. Therefore, if it is determined that normal power supply is possible in this case, only voltage adjustment on the power system side is performed, so that the voltage distribution of the power system can be made normal.

  Here, attention is paid to the control device for the distributed power generation device installed at the installation point of the distributed power generation device. When the installation point of the distributed power generation device is equipped with a power storage device that stores electric power generated by the distributed power generation device, or a heat storage device that stores thermal energy generated by the generated power, the dispersion Based on the notification from the control device of the power generation device and the notification unit, the power generation amount by the distributed power generation device, the power storage amount by the power storage device, and the heat storage amount by the heat storage device may be controlled. That is, the control device controls the operation of the power storage device and the heat storage device from the distributed power generation device to the power system by suppressing the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device based on the notification from the notification unit. It becomes possible to suppress reverse current flow.

  The control device installed at the power consumption point to which power is supplied by the power supply system is provided with a power storage device for storing power or a heat storage device for storing thermal energy at the power consumption point. When it is, it may be configured to control a power storage amount by the power storage device and a heat storage amount by the heat storage device based on a notification from the control device installed at the power consumption point and the notification unit.

  A solar power generation device or a wind power generation device can be exemplified as the distributed power generation device described above. Examples of weather information used for prediction by the prediction unit include sunshine hours, air temperature, wind speed, and the like in the case of a solar power generation device, and wind speed and wind direction in the case of a wind power generation device. The fuel cell or gas engine power generator installed at the power consumption point can also be the above-described distributed power generator. A fuel cell or gas engine power generator does not change greatly in the amount of power generated due to weather conditions, but when installed at a power consumption point, the fuel cell or gas engine power generator produces output according to the power consumption predicted at the power consumption point based on weather information. By making it fluctuate, the power flow at the consumption point can be controlled.

  Next, in the power supply system according to the second aspect of the invention, by using the weather information at the installation point of the distributed power generation device, the power generation amount of the distributed power generation device is predicted, and the weather at the power consumption point is estimated. By using the information, the power consumption at the power consumption point is predicted, and the main power supply source of the power system based on the prediction result of the power generation amount of the distributed generator and the power consumption of the entire power system It was set as the structure which estimates the adjustment capability of.

  Specifically, the present invention provides a power system having a main power supply source, and supplies power to a plurality of power consumption points where power is consumed from the power supply source, and is provided in a distributed manner in the power system. A power supply system that can recover a part or all of the power generated by a distributed power generator whose power generation output cannot be arbitrarily controlled from a distant central location on the power system side, and to provide weather information in a predetermined future period A prediction unit that predicts the power consumption of the entire power system and predicts the amount of power generated by the distributed power generator based on weather information at the installation point of the distributed power generator in a predetermined future period , Based on the power consumption of the entire power system estimated by the prediction unit and the generated power amount of the distributed power generation device estimated by the prediction unit, in the predetermined future period By adjusting the power supply source to be the main, and a supply determining unit normal power supply to determine whether feasible due to match supply and demand.

  The power supply system according to the present invention can prevent the adjustment power of the main power supply source from being lost and the frequency of the entire power system from increasing when the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation apparatus increases. .

  In the power system, in order to keep the frequency constant, the power demand and power supply of the entire power system must always match. Therefore, in response to changes in power demand and fluctuations in power generated by power generation devices that cannot be controlled arbitrarily from remote centralized locations such as distributed power generation devices, the power generated by main power supply sources such as thermal power plants and hydroelectric power plants is reduced. By adjusting the power supply, control is performed to match the power demand and the power supply.

  At the power station, which is the main power supply source, the number of generators that can generate enough power to meet the maximum power demand of the entire power system is operated, and adjustments are made to increase or decrease the output. These generators cannot be operated below a certain output. For this reason, the adjustable range is limited to some extent.

  Here, when the power generated by the distributed generator is very large, the adjustment is performed by suppressing the output of the main power supply source, but the adjustment margin that can further suppress the main power supply source Is considered to be small. When the power generated by the distributed power generator further increases, it is difficult to match the power demand with the power supply even if the main power supply source is suppressed as much as possible. For this reason, it is preferable to keep the degree of reverse power flow by the distributed power generator within a certain range. Therefore, the system according to the present invention includes the prediction unit and the supply determination unit, thereby ensuring the adjustment power of the main power supply source and maintaining the power quality of the power system.

  The prediction unit predicts the power consumption of the entire power system by predicting the power consumption at the power consumption point based on the weather information about the power consumption point, and summing the prediction of the power consumption at each power consumption point, In addition, the amount of power generated by the distributed power generator is predicted based on weather information relating to the installation location of the distributed power generator.

  And a supply determination part estimates the adjustment power of the main electric power supply source of predetermined future time according to the result predicted by the prediction part. Based on this estimation result, it is determined whether or not an appropriate power supply in a predetermined future period is possible.

  When the supply determining unit determines that normal power supply is not possible, the notification unit notifies. This notification is sent from the power supply system to the power consumption point included in the power system or the installation point of the distributed generator, and the content of the notification is the promotion or dispersion of power consumption at the power consumption point. Power generation suppression by the type generator. This power consumption promotion or power generation suppression by the distributed power generation device makes it possible to ensure adjustment capability capable of suppressing the main power supply source.

  Here, attention is focused on the control device of the distributed power generator to which power is supplied by the power supply system. When the installation point of the distributed power generation device is equipped with a power storage device that stores electric power generated by the distributed power generation device, or a heat storage device that stores thermal energy generated by the generated power, the dispersion Based on the notification from the control device of the power generation device and the notification unit, the power generation amount by the distributed power generation device, the power storage amount by the power storage device, and the heat storage amount by the heat storage device may be controlled. That is, the control device controls power from the distributed power generation device by suppressing the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device or controlling the operation of the power storage device or the heat storage device based on the notification from the notification unit. It is possible to suppress reverse power flow to the system.

  The control device installed at the power consumption point to which power is supplied by the power supply system is provided with a power storage device for storing power or a heat storage device for storing thermal energy at the power consumption point. When it is, it may be configured to control a power storage amount by the power storage device and a heat storage amount by the heat storage device based on a notification from the control device installed at the power consumption point and the notification unit.

  In an electric power system provided with a distributed power generator, it is possible to avoid adverse effects on the electric power system due to reverse power flow.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a power system having a power supply system according to the present invention. It is a figure which shows the functional block of the electric power supply system which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart of 1st Embodiment performed in the electric power system shown in FIG. It is a flowchart of 2nd Embodiment performed in the electric power system shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the database regarding the geographical information of the some power consumption point contained in the electric power grid | system shown in FIG. It is a figure regarding the electric power generated and the amount of sunlight of the solar power generation device installed in the some power consumption point contained in the electric power grid | system shown in FIG. It is a figure regarding the electric power generation fall of the solar power generation device of the some power consumption point contained in the electric power grid | system shown in FIG. It is a figure regarding the power consumption in the some power consumption point contained in the electric power grid | system shown in FIG.

  An embodiment of a power supply system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an electric power system for supplying electric power supplied from a thermal power plant 1 serving as a main power supply source to an electric power consumption point such as a home or a factory via an intermediate substation 2. Simplified. In the illustrated electric power system, only the thermal power plant 1 is described as a power supply source, but a nuclear power plant or a hydroelectric power plant may be included. And the electric power from this thermal power station 1 is first sent to the substation 2 for distribution, and is supplied to 10, 12, 14, 16 which is each power consumption point or the installation point of a distributed generator from there. .

  In detail, the installation point 10 of the distributed generator and the substation 2 are connected by a transmission line 3, and the wind power generator 11 installed as a distributed generator by the transformer 3 a is transmitted voltage from the substation 2. Connected with. Here, a battery 11c that stores electric power generated by the wind power generator 11 is provided at the installation point 10 of the distributed power generator. The wind power generator 11 and the battery 11c are controlled in power generation and storage by the control device 11a, and the generated power is collected on the power system side starting from the thermal power plant 1. In addition, the load which consumes electric power is not installed in this installation point 10.

  Similarly, the power consumption point 12 and the substation 2 are connected by the transmission line 4, and after the transmission voltage from the substation 2 is converted to 105V by the transformer 4a, the driving of the load 12a at the power consumption point 12 is performed. Therefore, power is supplied. Here, a solar power generation device 13 is installed as a distributed power generation device at the power consumption point 12 in order to assist the drive of the load 12a at the point. The solar power generation device 13 is controlled in power generation by the control device 13a, and supplies the generated power to the power consumption at the power consumption point 12, so that the power supplied from the power system starting from the thermal power plant 1 is supplied. In addition to being able to reduce the amount, in some cases, the surplus power is allowed to flow backward to the power system side, thereby efficiently using the generated power.

  Further, the power consumption points 14 and 16 are connected to the substation 2 and the transformer 5a by the transmission line 5, and after the transmission voltage is converted to 105V by the transformer 5a, the power consumption points 14 and 16 are branched. Receives power supply through the transmission line 5c, and the power consumption point 16 receives power supply through the transmission line 5b. And in order to assist the drive of the load 14a in the said point in the power consumption point 14, the solar power generation device 15 is installed as a distributed power generation device. This solar power generation device 15 is controlled by the control device 15a, and is supplied from the power system starting from the thermal power plant 1 by supplying the generated power to the power consumption by the load 14a at the power consumption point 14. It is possible to suppress the amount of power that is generated, and in some cases, it is possible to reversely flow surplus power to the power system. The power consumption point 16 includes a load 16a and a battery 17c, and no distributed power generator is installed. Here, the power consumption point 14 is provided with a battery 15c for storing electric power and a tank 15d for storing hot water, and the power consumption point 16 is provided with a battery 17c. Power storage and hot water storage in the batteries 15c and 17c and the tank 15d are controlled by the control devices 15a and 17a. Although not shown in FIG. 1, batteries may be installed at other power consumption points 12 as well.

As described above, in the power system shown in FIG. 1, it is possible to suppress power supply from the power system as much as possible by dispersively installing power generation devices that generate power based on natural energy. On the other hand, the surplus power can be efficiently used in the entire power system by the reverse power flow from each distributed power generator.

  When a reverse power flow from the distributed generator to the power system is executed, the supply voltage in the power system can be in an overvoltage state as a result. Since this overvoltage state has various adverse effects on power equipment, if it is judged that an overvoltage state is reached when trying to reverse the generated power at each power consumption point, the reverse flow will not be performed. There is a need to.

  Therefore, in order to appropriately avoid the overvoltage state in the power system due to the reverse power flow, the installation points of the distributed power generators and the control points 2a of the substation 2 provided in the substation 2 shown in FIG. Processing related to the management of reverse power flow from the power consumption point is performed. The processing by the control device 2a forms the power supply system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted in FIG. 1, the control apparatus 2a of the substation 2 is networked with the control apparatuses 11a, 13a, 15a, and 17a provided in the installation place or each power consumption point of each distributed generator. 30 (see FIG. 2). Therefore, in FIG. 2, the correlation between the control device 2a of the substation 2 and the control device 15a of the solar power generation device 15 is shown as a functional block diagram, and the power supply system according to the present invention is referred to.

  The control device 2a includes a weather information acquisition unit 20, a prediction unit 21, a voltage distribution estimation unit 22, a supply determination unit 23, as functional blocks for processing related to the power flow at each power consumption point and the installation point of each distributed generator. A notification unit 24 is formed, and a geo-related database 25 and a power consumption / power generation-related database are formed as databases in which these functional blocks are set to be accessible. These functional units are formed by programs executed by the CPU and memory constituting the control device 2a, and the database is stored and formed in a recording device such as a hard disk provided in the control device 2a.

  On the other hand, the control device 15a of the solar power generation device 15 installed at the power consumption point 14 includes a notification receiving unit 40, a charge display unit 41, and a function block for supporting processing related to power flow by the control device 2a. A power storage / heat storage control unit 42, a battery charging unit 43, and a hot water storage tank control unit 44 are formed. These functional units are formed by a program executed by a CPU and a memory constituting the control device 15a. Moreover, FIG. 2 shows the solar power generation device 15 representatively, and also has other similar control units 11a, 13a, and 17a.

  Here, the control device 2a will be described in detail. The meteorological information acquisition unit 20 estimates meteorological information related to the power consumption points where the substation 2 has jurisdiction over the power supply and the locations where the distributed power generators are installed, in particular, the voltage distribution of the power system described below (this The meteorological information (information relating to the forecast) of “predetermined future time” according to the invention is acquired via the network. In the present invention, the weather information of “next day” is acquired, and the acquisition source of the information is, for example, a database of the Japan Meteorological Agency. Further, the weather information to be acquired is information on “weather” classified into temperature, rainfall, wind speed, sunshine, and sunny, cloudy, and rain. Furthermore, the solar power generator 15 installed at the power consumption point 14 This is information related to power generation and power consumption at the power consumption point. Next, the prediction unit 21 predicts the power consumption amount at the power consumption point 14 on the “next day” and the power generation amount by the solar power generation device 15 based on the weather information acquired by the weather information acquisition unit 20. To do.

Further, the voltage distribution estimation unit 22 estimates how much reverse power flow occurs at the power consumption point 14 from the power consumption amount and the generated power amount predicted by the prediction unit 21. Furthermore, by estimating this reverse power flow to the installation points and power consumption points of all the distributed generators that the power system has jurisdiction over, the voltage that is the distribution of the overvoltage state caused by the reverse power flow in the power system Guess the distribution. Next, the supply determination unit 23 determines whether or not the estimated voltage distribution is within a predetermined voltage range according to the estimation result of the voltage distribution estimation unit 22. Next, when the supply determining unit 23 determines that the normal appropriate power supply cannot be performed, the notifying unit 24 sets the power consumption amount (power consumption) for the “next day” to the power consumption point managed by the power system. In the case of the point 14, the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device (in the case of the power consumption point 14, the solar power generation device 15) is increased or the power consumption amount at the power consumption point is increased. Is notified to the control device (the control device 15a in the case of the power consumption point 14) installed there. In addition, when there is no load like the installation point 10, only a notification for urging suppression of the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device installed at the installation point is performed.

  Further, as described above, the control device 2a is configured with two databases, the geo-related database 25 and the power consumption / power generation-related database 26. As shown in FIG. 5, the geographic database 25 includes the name of the region where each distributed power generation device and each power consumption point are located (for example, the name of the prefecture, the name of the city where it is located), and the type of each point (power Information on a consumption point or a power generation type in the case of an installation point of a distributed power generator is stored. In addition, the power consumption / power generation related database correlates information on the power generation capacity of the distributed power generators installed at the locations where each distributed power generator is installed, the power consumption at each power consumption point, and the weather there. Stored information. A specific example of this power consumption / power generation related database will be described later. The functional units described above can access these databases.

  Next, the functional unit on the control device 15a side will be described. The notification receiving unit 40 receives a notification from the notification unit 24 included in the control device 2a. When the notification receiving unit 40 receives the notification, the charge display unit 41 gives a purchase fee of the generated power for urging the user of the power consumption point 14 where the control device 15a is installed to suppress the amount of generated power. The storage / heat storage control unit 42 stores the power generated by the solar power generation device 15 installed at the power consumption point 14 in the battery 15c via the battery charging unit 43, and the generated power Is used to generate hot water and store it in the tank 15d via the hot water storage tank controller 44, thereby preventing the generated power from flowing backward to the power system. Thereby, the voltage distribution state in the electric power system shown in FIG. 1 is maintained appropriately.

  Here, control of power supply in an appropriate voltage distribution state executed by the power supply system formed by the control device 2a will be described in detail with reference to FIG. First, in S101, weather information acquisition unit 20 acquires weather information. Specifically, based on the geo-related database 26, it is the weather information of the area where each distributed power generation device and each power consumption point is located, and the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device at the point and the point Weather information that affects the power consumption of the city is acquired. In the present embodiment, in S101 for each point, temperature, rainfall, wind direction, wind speed, amount of sunlight, and “weather” are acquired. When the process of S101 ends, the process proceeds to S102.

  In S <b> 102, the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device at the installation point of each distributed power generation device by the prediction unit 21 and the power consumption at each power consumption point are predicted based on the weather information acquired in S <b> 101. . Here, representatively, prediction of the power generation amount and the power consumption amount at the power consumption point 14 will be described with reference to FIGS. These figures are schematic representations of data stored in the power consumption / power generation related database 26. A solar power generation device 15 is installed at the power consumption point 14, and meteorological parameters largely related to the amount of power generated by the power generation device are the amount of sunlight, the temperature, and the wind speed. 6, 7, and 8 show correlations between these weather parameters and the power generation capability of the solar power generation device 15.

FIG. 6 shows the correlation between the amount of sunlight and the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device 15 for each time. The reason why the correlation is shown every time is that the incident angle to the solar power generation device 15 changes due to the inclination of the sun, and the generated power changes. Although not shown in FIG. 6, it is preferable to determine the correlation between the amount of sunlight and the amount of generated power, taking into account that the altitude of the sun changes every season. Next, FIG. 7 shows the correlation between the wind speed and the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation device 15 and the correlation between the temperature and the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation device 15. As described above, the wind speed and the air temperature are taken into account in predicting the power generation amount of the solar power generation device 15 based on the fact that the power generation amount decreases as the surface temperature of the solar power generation device 15 increases. Is. Therefore, the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation device 15 increases as the wind speed increases and decreases as the temperature increases. As described above, the predicting unit 21 calculates the power generation amount that is a reference of the solar power generation device 15 based on the amount of sunlight, and the power generation efficiency calculated based on FIG. 7 (the efficiency according to the wind speed and the efficiency according to the temperature) The final power generation amount of the solar power generation device 15 is predicted by multiplying by (the efficiency obtained by multiplying the above).

  FIG. 8 shows the power consumption per day for each month corresponding to each power consumption point. The power consumption is stored separately for each of three types of weather, sunny, cloudy, and rainy. The power consumption shown here is an average value of past power consumption for each weather at each power consumption point. From the above, the prediction unit 21 predicts the power consumption at the power consumption point 14 where the solar power generation device 15 is installed, based on the time and the weather. For example, the power consumption amount at the power consumption point 14 when the weather is fine and in February is predicted to be x7.

  In the above description, the power consumption point 14 has been described. However, the power generation amount and the power consumption amount are predicted in a similar manner for the installation points and power consumption points of other distributed power generation devices. As for the installation point 10 of the distributed power generator, since the wind power generator 11 whose power generation type is classified as “wind power 1” is installed as shown in FIG. 5, the weather related to the power generation capability of the power generator. Based on the wind speed and direction, which are parameters, the power generation amount is predicted. The correlation between the wind speed, the wind direction, and the amount of generated power is stored in a power consumption / power generation related database. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a solar power generation device 13 of a type (solar light 1) different from the power consumption point 14 is installed at the power consumption point 12. Therefore, based on the correlation between the power generation amount and the weather parameters different from those in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the power generation amount is predicted, but the parameters to be used are the amount of sunlight, the wind speed, and the temperature, The correlation between these and the amount of generated power is also stored in the power consumption / power generation related database. In addition, about the power consumption point 16, since the distributed power generation device is not installed, it is only necessary to predict the power consumption amount.

  Here, when returning to the power supply process shown in FIG. 3, when the process of S102 is completed, the process proceeds to S103. In S103, the voltage distribution estimation unit 22 predicts the voltage distribution in the power system according to the installed power amount and the consumed power amount at each installation point of each distributed power generation device and each power consumption point predicted in S102. As a voltage estimation method, a method based on analytical calculation and a method of creating a database of past results and applying a voltage distribution in the most similar power flow situation in the database can be considered. When the process of S103 ends, the process proceeds to S104. In S104, based on the voltage distribution of the power system estimated in S103, the supply determination unit 23 determines whether or not power supply in the power system can be normally performed. Specifically, the above determination is made based on whether or not the voltage value of each part of the power system in the estimated voltage distribution is within a presumed range where normal power supply is possible. At this time, although not shown in FIG. 1, the above determination is made in consideration of the voltage adjustment capability by the voltage adjustment device (transformer with load tap changer, power capacitor, reactor, etc.) included in the power system. You may go. For example, when a power capacitor is present in the substation 2, it is possible to determine whether normal power supply can be performed to the power consumption points 14 and 16 in consideration of the adjustment capability.

If a positive determination is made in S104, the process proceeds to S105, and if a negative determination is made, the process proceeds to S106. In S105, notification by the notification unit 24 is not performed, while in S106, notification by the notification unit 24 is performed. Here, the notification by the notification unit 24 is a notification for increasing the amount of power consumption at each power consumption point or suppressing a reverse power flow from the installation point of each distributed power generation device.

  Thus, when the notification by the notification unit 24 is performed, reception is performed by the notification reception unit 40 at the installation point of each distributed power generation device and each power consumption point. And it was predicted by the charge display unit 41 for the user at the installation point of the distributed power generation apparatus using the information related to the purchase charge due to the reverse power flow to the power system among the information included in the notification. The “next day” purchase fee is displayed. Specifically, the notification includes information that is “a purchase fee lower than the normal purchase fee”. As a result, the user at the installation site of the distributed generator is A low purchase fee "will be presented. Therefore, even if the user sells the generated power to the power system side, the desired profit cannot be obtained, and an incentive to consume the generated power or store the generated power will work. The degree of reverse power flow from the installation point of each distributed generator to the power system can be reduced.

  Further, when the notification receiving unit 40 receives the notification, the power storage / heat storage control unit 42 stores the battery 15c via the battery charging unit 43 automatically or after confirmation by the user or hot water with electric power. May be generated and stored in the tank 15d via the hot water storage tank control unit 44. As a result, the degree of reverse power flow to the power system as a whole can be reduced by increasing the power consumption at each power consumption point.

  As described above, by performing the power supply process shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to avoid as much as possible the formation of an overvoltage state caused by the reverse power flow in the power system.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. From the viewpoint of the power supply of the entire power system, the power generation of the main power source of the power system is executed so as to be balanced with the power consumption at each consumption point. This is because if the supply power and the power consumption are in an unbalanced state, the frequency cannot be kept constant, leading to a reduction in power quality.

  In general, the output of the distributed generator cannot be controlled arbitrarily from a remote concentration base. For this reason, when the output of the distributed power generator fluctuates, the power consumption and the generated power are balanced by controlling the output of the main power source. Here, if the amount of power generated by the distributed power generator becomes very large, there is less room for suppressing the output of the main power source, and it may be difficult to maintain a balance between power demand and power supply.

  Therefore, in order to avoid a reduction in the adjustment capacity of the main power source due to reverse power flow, the installation of each distributed generator by the control device 2a of the substation 2 provided in the substation 2 shown in FIG. Processing related to the management of reverse flow from the point and each power consumption point is performed. The process by the control device 2a forms a power supply system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, in FIG. 2, the correlation between the control device 2a of the substation 2 and the control device 15a of the solar power generation device 15 is shown as a functional block diagram, and the power supply system according to the present invention is referred to.

In the control device 2a, a weather information acquisition unit 20, a prediction unit 21, a supply determination unit 23, and a notification unit 24 are formed as functional blocks for processing related to reverse power flow from the installation point of each distributed power generation device, As a database in which these functional blocks are set to be accessible, a geo-related database 25 and a power consumption / power generation related database are formed. These functional units are formed by programs executed by the CPU and memory constituting the control device 2a, and the database is stored and formed in a recording device such as a hard disk provided in the control device 2a.

  On the other hand, the control device 15a of the solar power generation device 15 installed at the power consumption point 14 includes a notification receiving unit 40 and a charge display unit 41 as functional blocks for dealing with processing related to reverse power flow by the control device 2a. A power storage / heat storage control unit 42, a battery charging unit 43, and a hot water storage tank control unit 44 are formed. These functional units are formed by a program executed by a CPU and a memory constituting the control device 15a. Moreover, FIG. 2 shows the solar power generation device 15 representatively, and also has other similar control units 11a, 13a, and 17a.

  Here, the control device 2a will be described in detail. The meteorological information acquisition unit 20 estimates the weather information regarding all the power consumption points and the areas where the distributed generators are installed, in particular, the date and time of estimating the voltage distribution of the power system described below (the “predetermined future Weather information (information related to forecasts) is acquired via the network. In the present invention, the weather information of “next day” is acquired, and the acquisition source of the information is, for example, a database of the Japan Meteorological Agency. The acquired weather information includes information on “weather” classified into temperature, rainfall, wind speed, sunshine, and sunny, cloudy, and rainy. Next, the prediction unit 21 predicts the power consumption at each power consumption point on the “next day” based on the weather information acquired by the weather information acquisition unit 20, and predicts the power consumption of the entire power system. . At the same time, the prediction unit 21 predicts the power generation amount of each distributed power generation device based on the weather information acquired by the weather information acquisition unit 20.

  Next, the supply determination unit 23 estimates the output of the main power source and its adjustment margin based on the prediction of the power consumption of the entire power system and the amount of power generated by the distributed power generator. The supply determination unit determines whether or not the estimated adjustment margin of the main power source is equal to or more than an appropriate value. Next, when the supply determining unit 23 determines that the normal proper power supply cannot be performed, the notifying unit 24 sets the power consumption amount of “next day” for each power consumption point (in the case of the power consumption point 14). Increases the amount of power consumed at the power consumption point) or suppresses the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device (solar power generation device 15 in the case of the power consumption point 14) installed there. In addition, it notifies the control device (the control device 15a in the case of the power consumption point 14) installed there. In addition, when there is no load like the installation point 10, only a notification for urging suppression of the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device installed at the installation point is performed.

  Next, the functional unit on the control device 15a side will be described. The notification receiving unit 40 receives a notification from the notification unit 24 included in the control device 2a. When the notification receiving unit 40 receives the notification, the charge display unit 41 gives a purchase fee of the generated power for urging the user of the power consumption point 14 where the control device 15a is installed to suppress the amount of generated power. The storage / heat storage control unit 42 stores the power generated by the solar power generation device 15 installed at the power consumption point 14 in the battery 15c via the battery charging unit 43, and the generated power Is used to generate hot water and store it in the tank 15d via the hot water storage tank controller 44, thereby preventing the generated power from flowing backward to the power system. Thereby, the suppression margin of the main power source is maintained in an appropriate range.

  Here, the control executed by the power supply system formed by the control device 2a will be described in detail with reference to FIG. First, in S201, the weather information acquisition unit 20 acquires weather information. Specifically, based on the geo-related database 26, it is the weather information of the area where each distributed power generation device and each power consumption point is located, and the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device at the point and the point Weather information that affects the power consumption of the city is acquired. In the present embodiment, in S201 for each point, the temperature, rainfall, wind direction, wind speed, amount of sunlight, and “weather” are acquired. When the process of S201 ends, the process proceeds to S202.

  In S202, the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation device at the installation point of each distributed power generation device and the power consumption at each power consumption point by the prediction unit 21 are predicted based on the weather information acquired in S101. . When the process of S202 ends, the process proceeds to S204.

  In S204, the supply determining unit 23 determines whether or not the adjustment margin of the main power source is ensured to be an appropriate value or more and whether or not the power supply in the power system can be normally performed.

  The number of operating power sources is determined so that a reserve power of a certain amount or more can be secured even for the maximum power consumption expected the next day. Each generator, which is the main power source in operation, has a possible output width (for example, 30% to 100% of the rated output) for each generator, and output adjustment is performed within that range. Here, the difference between the amount of power consumed by the entire power system and the amount of power generated by the distributed power generator is the amount of power generated by the main power source. When it is impossible to suppress the output within the possible output width of the main power source, or when the adjustment capacity for suppressing the remaining output is below a certain level, the supply determination unit 23 cannot normally supply power in the power system. Judge that.

  If a positive determination is made in S204, the process proceeds to S205, and if a negative determination is made, the process proceeds to S206. In S205, notification by the notification unit 24 is not performed, while in S206, notification by the notification unit 24 is performed. Here, the notification by the notification unit 24 is a notification for increasing the amount of power consumption at each power consumption point or suppressing a reverse power flow from the installation point of each distributed power generation device.

  Thus, when the notification by the notification unit 24 is performed, reception is performed by the notification reception unit 40 at the installation point of each distributed power generation device and each power consumption point. And it was predicted by the charge display unit 41 for the user at the installation point of the distributed power generation apparatus using the information related to the purchase charge due to the reverse power flow to the power system among the information included in the notification. The “next day” purchase fee is displayed. Specifically, the notification includes information that is “a purchase fee lower than the normal purchase fee”. As a result, the user at the installation site of the distributed generator is A low purchase fee "will be presented. Therefore, even if the user sells the generated power to the power system side, the desired profit cannot be obtained, and an incentive to consume the generated power or store the generated power will work. The degree of reverse power flow from the installation point of each distributed generator to the power system can be reduced.

  Further, when the notification receiving unit 40 receives the notification, the power storage / heat storage control unit 42 stores the battery 15c via the battery charging unit 43 automatically or after confirmation by the user or hot water with electric power. May be generated and stored in the tank 15d via the hot water storage tank control unit 44. As a result, the degree of reverse power flow to the power system as a whole can be reduced by increasing the power consumption at each power consumption point.

  By performing the power supply process shown in FIG. 4 as described above, it is possible to avoid a shortage of adjustment capacity of the main power source due to the reverse power flow in the power system.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thermal power plant 2 Substation 10, 12, 14, 16 Electricity consumption point 11 Wind power generator (distributed power generator)
13, 15, 17 Solar power generator (distributed power generator)
2a, 11a, 13a, 15a, 17a Control device 15c Battery 15d Tank 30 Network

Claims (10)

In a power system having a main power supply source, power is supplied to a plurality of power consumption points where power is consumed from the power supply source, and the power generation output is provided in a distributed manner and the power generation output from a remote concentration base A power supply system capable of recovering part or all of the power generated by a distributed power generator that cannot be arbitrarily controlled on the power system side,
Based on the weather information at the installation point of the distributed power generator in a predetermined future period, the amount of power generated by the distributed power generator is predicted, and based on the weather information at the power consumption point, the power consumption point A prediction unit for predicting power consumption in
A voltage distribution estimation unit that estimates a voltage distribution in the power system based on the amount of power generated by the distributed power generation apparatus predicted by the prediction unit and the amount of power consumed at the power consumption point;
Based on the voltage distribution estimated by the voltage distribution estimation unit, a supply determination unit that determines whether normal power supply to the power consumption point can be performed in the predetermined future time period;
A power supply system comprising: The power system has a voltage adjustment device that adjusts a supply voltage in a partial range of the power system,
The supply determination unit determines whether normal power supply can be performed through voltage adjustment by the voltage adjustment device based on the voltage distribution estimated by the voltage distribution estimation unit.
The power supply system according to claim 1. In a power system having a main power supply source, power is supplied to a plurality of power consumption points where power is consumed from the power supply source, and the power generation output is provided in a distributed manner and the power generation output from a remote concentration base A power supply system capable of recovering part or all of the power generated by a distributed power generator that cannot be arbitrarily controlled on the power system side,
Based on the weather information at a predetermined future time, the power consumption of the entire power system is predicted, and based on the weather information at the installation point of the distributed power generation device at the predetermined future time, the power generation by the distributed power generation device A prediction unit for predicting the amount of electric power;
Adjusting the main power supply source in the predetermined future period based on the power consumption of the entire power system estimated by the demand prediction unit and the power generation amount estimated by the power generation prediction unit. A supply determination unit for determining whether normal power supply by matching supply with supply is feasible,
A power supply system comprising:   When it is determined by the supply determination unit that normal power supply is not feasible, a notification that promotes power consumption at the power consumption point is implemented at the predetermined future time, or power generated by the distributed generator The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a notification unit that performs notification for suppressing the amount. The notification to the power consumption point by the notification unit is a power selling price change, and the notification to the installation point of the distributed power generator by the notification unit is a purchase price change or a reverse power flow prohibition notification,
The power supply system according to claim 4. The distributed power generator is a solar power generator or a wind power generator,
The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The distributed power generator is a fuel cell or gas engine power generator provided at the same point as the power consumption point.
The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A control device installed at the distributed power generation device installation point according to any one of claims 4 and 5,
Based on the notification by the notification unit, the amount of power generated by the distributed power generator is controlled.
Control device for distributed generator. A control device installed at an installation point of the distributed power generation device according to claim 4,
A power storage device that stores electric power, a heat storage device that stores thermal energy generated by the electric power, or a heat storage device that stores thermal energy generated by the operation of the distributed power generation device is provided,
Based on the notification by the notification unit, the amount of power stored by the power storage device and the amount of heat stored by the heat storage device are controlled.
Control device for electric power equipment. A control device installed at the power consumption point to which power is supplied by the power supply system according to claim 4,
A power storage device that stores electric power, or a heat storage device that stores thermal energy generated by the electric power,
Based on the notification by the notification unit, the amount of power stored by the power storage device and the amount of heat stored by the heat storage device are controlled.
Control device for electric power equipment.

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