JP2010179239A - Pretreatment method and pretreatment equipment in plasma melting decomposition treatment of material to be treated - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pretreatment method and equipment therefor which, prior to a plasma melting decomposition treatment of a material to be treated such as sludge, waste, pressure sensitive copying paper, fluorescent lamp stabilizer and waste activated carbon which are contaminated with PCB, efficiently perform the following pretreatment while keeping a tightly closed state: classifying the material to be treated according to the properties and condition of the material be treated; managing the weight of classified material to be treated; and repacking the material to be treated from a carrying-in storage container that has been carried in a PCB waste material treating facility into a prescribed repacking container for charging. <P>SOLUTION: In making the material to be treated harmless by melting decomposition in a plasma melting decomposition furnace, the pretreatment is performed in which the material to be treated is repacked from the carrying-in storage container that has been carried in the PCB waste material treating facility into the repacking storage container for charging which charges the material to be treated to the PCB waste treatment facility. In the pretreatment, the material to be treated is classified according to the properties and condition of the material be treated, the material to be treated is carried in a tightly closed chamber set for each classified group, and the material to be treated of prescribed mass treatable by the plasma melting decomposition furnace is repacked from the carrying-in storage container into the repacking container for charging. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention sorts a processing object before detoxifying it by plasma melting and decomposing the processing object contaminated by PCB such as a fluorescent lamp stabilizer and sludge in a PCB waste treatment facility, The present invention relates to a pretreatment method and a pretreatment facility in a plasma melting decomposition treatment of an object to be processed, which is refilled from a carry-in storage container carried into a facility into a refilling container to be charged into a plasma melting decomposition furnace so as to be suitable for the plasma melting decomposition treatment. .

  PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) have been used as insulating oils in electrical equipment such as transformers, capacitors, and fluorescent ballasts, and in heat media such as boilers. It is detoxified at the PCB waste disposal facility because it causes serious damage to the health and living environment of the city.

  Conventional PCB decomposition techniques include high-temperature incineration, dechlorination decomposition by desorbing chlorine from PCBs with an alkaline agent, photolysis using ultraviolet light and a catalyst, and plasma melt decomposition where PCB is melted and decomposed by plasma. (See Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2004-121801 A JP 2007-296415 A

  Among PCB wastes, high-voltage transformers, high-voltage capacitors, and large electrical equipment of the same size occupy the majority of PCB waste, and its detoxification treatment is organized in terms of technical conditions, environmental and safety measures. Based on this, the development of regional wide-area treatment facilities in various places is being promoted.

  However, for the detoxification of PCB contaminants such as sludge, waste, pressure-sensitive copying paper, fluorescent light stabilizers, and waste activated carbon used for exhaust purification, except for the above-mentioned large electrical equipment, individual PCB contaminants Since the properties and the like vary greatly depending on the method, a processing method has not been established and development is in progress.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a processing object before plasma melting and decomposition treatment of a processing object contaminated with PCB such as sludge, waste, pressure-sensitive copying paper, fluorescent light stabilizer, waste activated carbon, etc., excluding large electric devices. In accordance with the properties, the weight of the classified processing object is managed, and the pre-processing for refilling the specified refill container from the carry-in storage container carried into the PCB waste disposal facility is performed in a sealed state. The present invention provides a pretreatment method and equipment for plasma melt decomposition treatment of an object to be treated that can be efficiently carried out while maintaining the same.

  The present invention classifies treatment objects such as sludge, waste, pressure-sensitive copying paper, fluorescent ballasts, waste activated carbon used for exhaust gas purification according to properties, and provides a classification for each classified treatment object group. Using a sealed chamber (glove box or draft chamber) according to the pretreatment content, refilling and refilling from the storage container carried into the PCB waste treatment facility to the refilling container for loading into the predetermined plasma melting decomposition furnace This is a pretreatment method capable of carrying out a charging agent and the like. In the present invention, it is important to manage the input weight of the processing object in units of refill containers. Further, the sealed state is maintained until it is put into the plasma melting cracking furnace, and after the filling, the expanded gas can be surely extracted before gasification and expansion of the object to be processed.

  The pretreatment method in the plasma melting and decomposing process according to claim 1 is the carrying-in carried into the PCB waste processing facility when the object to be processed is melted and decomposed by the plasma melting and decomposing furnace in the PCB waste processing facility. A pretreatment method for refilling a processing object from a storage container into a refill container for charging into a plasma melting cracking furnace, classifying according to the properties of the processing object, and deciding for each classified group It is carried into a sealed chamber, and a predetermined mass that can be processed in the plasma melting decomposition furnace from the carry-in storage container is refilled into a refill container for charging.

  The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that one or more basicity adjusting agents are packed in a refill container for input.

  The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that one or more types of processing objects are refilled from a carry-in storage container to a charging refill container with a predetermined mass.

  The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that the liquid material sealed in the carry-in storage container is charged into the charging refill container in which the adsorbent is charged and the liquid material is solidified by the adsorbent.

  The invention of claim 5 is characterized in that a hole is formed in the lid of the charging refill container and the lid is sealed with a soluble stopper.

  The pretreatment equipment in the plasma melt decomposition treatment facility according to claim 6 was carried into the PCB waste treatment facility when the object to be treated was melted and decomposed in the PCB waste treatment facility by the plasma melt decomposition furnace. In the pretreatment facility for refilling the processing object from the carry-in storage container into the refill container for charging into the plasma melting cracking furnace, a sealed chamber (for example, a globe) defined for each group classified according to the properties of the processing object In a box or a draft chamber), a tilting machine for tilting the carry-in storage container containing the processing object, a weigher for weighing the processing object scraped from the tilted carry-in storage container, and a predetermined mass It is characterized by having a conveyor for carrying out the refilling container for refilling.

  The invention of claim 7 is characterized by comprising a water tank for containing the pressure-sensitive copying paper.

  The invention of claim 8 is characterized by comprising a basicity adjusting agent supply device for supplying a basicity adjusting agent to the charging refill container.

  The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that a refill pump is provided for feeding the liquid material sealed in the carry-in storage container into the refill container for loading in which the adsorbent is charged.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste activated carbon supply device that supplies waste activated carbon to the charging refill container.

  The invention of claim 11 is provided with a refill hopper for receiving a processing object scraped from an inclined carry-in storage container, above a first stage hopper provided with a load cell and a flap damper that can be opened and closed at the bottom. A movable screen is disposed so as to be capable of moving forward and backward with respect to the opening at the top of the first stage hopper, and the second stage capable of moving forward and backward with respect to the bottom of the first stage hopper below the first stage hopper. A hopper is disposed, and the second hopper has a flap damper at the bottom.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, by refilling the object to be processed from the carry-in storage container into the refilling container for charging into the plasma melting decomposition furnace to the predetermined refilling specification, it is possible to batch-feed the charging refilling container unit. It enables stable operation of the melting cracking furnace. In addition, it is possible to prevent workers from being exposed to PCB by performing refilling work in a sealed room. Perform inspection (content inspection) in the carry-in storage container before refilling to find out and remove dangerous substances. By classifying the processing objects according to their properties, the processing operations become similar, and the efficiency of the operation can be improved.

  According to the inventions of claims 2 and 3, the operation efficiency of the plasma melting cracking furnace such as melting time saving and melting property reforming can be improved by mixing two or more processing objects according to the melting time characteristics of the processing objects. Can be improved.

  According to the invention of claim 4, it becomes easy to handle by solidifying the liquid with the adsorbent.

  According to the invention of claim 5, the object to be treated includes flammable and volatile substances, which are gasified by the heat when performing the plasma melting decomposition treatment and expanded and charged in the charging refill container. Although there is a risk that the refilling container will burst, this can be prevented by using the charging refilling container using the lid with the fusible plug.

  According to the third and fifth aspects of the invention, the optimum plasma melting and decomposing process can be realized by changing the optimum refilling specifications based on the operation result data for a wide variety of processing objects.

It is a block diagram of the pre-processing process of the fluorescent lamp ballasts by this invention. 2 is a layout of a pretreatment process for fluorescent ballasts according to the present invention. It is a block diagram of the pretreatment process of the sludge by this invention. (A) is a top view of the layout of the pretreatment process of the sludge by this invention, (b) is the same front view. It is the schematic of the refilling hopper of sludge.

  The pretreatment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  Contaminated by PCBs such as ballasts, small transformers / condensers (small tracons), pressure-sensitive copying paper, paints, sealing materials, sludge, waste cloths, etc. The objects to be treated are classified according to the type, the capacity of the filling refill container to be filled, and the presence or absence of the addition of the basicity adjusting agent. In this embodiment, fluorescent ballasts, compact turcons, and pressure-sensitive copying papers are classified into group A, sludge and waste are classified into group B, and waste activated carbon is classified into group C.

  Next, each classified processing object is preprocessed.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a pretreatment process for ballasts according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a layout of a ballast pretreatment process according to the present invention.

(1) Pretreatment of fluorescent lamp ballast, compact turcon, pressure-sensitive copying paper, paint / sealing material, insecticide-impregnated mosquito mat (Group A)

(A) Fluorescent light ballast, compact turcon The fluorescent light ballast, which is the object to be processed, is housed and the lidded carry-in storage container (drum can) 2 (drum can: 200 liters) is connected to the inlet side supply device 1 with a crane or the like It is brought in. The carried-in storage container (drum can) 2 is carried into a glove box 4 maintained at a negative pressure through a front chamber 3 that can be air-locked by a conveyor or the like.

  The operator removes the lid from the carry-in storage container (drum can) 2 using a hand tool such as an air impact driver through the glove in the glove box 4 (removal of the lid in FIG. 1).

  Next, the carry-in storage container (drum) 2 is moved to the reversing device 5 in the reversing area and reversed, the contents (processed object) are scraped to the table 6, and foreign substances such as dangerous materials exploding in the plasma melting decomposition furnace are removed. To do.

  The processing object from which the foreign matter has been removed is refilled into a new charging refill container (drum can) 8 (drum can: 100 liters or 200 liters) while being weighed by the weighing device 7 in the weighing area. By managing the weight, it is possible to efficiently perform the melting / decomposing treatment in the plasma melting / decomposing furnace in the subsequent process.

  Furthermore, if the waste activated carbon is carried into the facility, the input refill container (drum can) 8 is weighed from the waste activated carbon hopper 9 and filled together as necessary. Further, in order to improve the fluidity of the melt during the plasma melting decomposition in the next step, a basicity adjusting agent such as silica sand or limestone is weighed from the basicity adjusting agent hopper 10 and filled with a necessary amount.

  Weight management, such as the mixing ratio of the processing object, waste activated carbon, and the basicity adjusting agent to be packed in the refilling container (drum can) 8 is adjusted to an appropriate amount based on the operation management data.

  A lid is attached to the refill container (drum) 8 after filling using a hand tool such as an air impact driver.

  In addition, combustible materials and volatile materials are also included in the processing object, which is gasified by the heat during the plasma melting and decomposition process and expanded and charged in the charging refill container (drum can) 8. Since there is a risk that the refilling container (drum can) 8 may rupture, it can be prevented by using a charging refillable container using a lid with a fusible stopper. Further, as the material of the fusible plug, PE resin or the like that dissolves before the object to be processed is gasified is used.

  The charging refill container (drum can) 8 with the lid is sent to the outlet carrying-out device 12 via the air-locked front chamber 11 on the downstream side. It is sent to the plasma melting and decomposing process of the subsequent process by the delivery side unloading device 12.

  Small tracons of the same category as fluorescent ballasts are processed in the same manner as fluorescent ballasts.

  Table 1 shows examples of refill contents such as fluorescent ballasts.

  The refill mass of the object to be processed is preferably in the range of ± 10% of the mass shown in Table 1.

(B) Pressure-sensitive copying paper
Regarding the pressure-sensitive copying paper, the pressure-sensitive copying paper carried in cardboard or the like in the glove box is taken out, placed in a basket, immersed in the water tank 13 and hydrated, and then weighed by the weighing device 7. By soaking in the water tank 13 and containing water, the ash generated by combustion of the pressure-sensitive copying paper in the plasma melting decomposition furnace is prevented from being scattered and discharged from the furnace. Weigh after hydration and then process in the same manner as a fluorescent light ballast. However, when processing with pressure-sensitive copying paper alone, it is gasified in a plasma melting decomposition furnace, so that it is not necessary to add a basicity adjusting agent. Table 1 shows examples of the contents of pressure-sensitive copying paper.

  In addition to pressure-sensitive copying paper, paint / sealant and insecticide-impregnated mosquito mats can be treated in the same procedure.

(2) Pretreatment of sludge and waste (Group B) Pretreatment of sludge and waste can be performed safely by putting a hand wearing rubber gloves from the outside in a draft chamber maintained at a negative pressure.

  3 is a block diagram of the sludge pretreatment process according to the present invention, FIG. 4A is a plan view of the layout of the sludge pretreatment process according to the present invention, FIG. 3B is a front view, and FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the refill hopper. It is.

(A) Sludge Sludge has a different amount of input into the plasma melting cracking furnace depending on the properties of the oil content and the like, so the refill container for charging is a 200-liter drum can and a pail can with a smaller capacity (for example, 20 liters).

  The processing chamber is provided with a solid material draft chamber 14 for pre-processing solid materials and a liquid material draft chamber 15 for pre-processing liquid materials.

  As for the sludge excluding organic sludge, the door is opened, and a carry-in storage container (drum) in which the sludge is stored in the solid material draft chamber 14 is carried in by the carry-in conveyor 16.

  The operator removes the lid from the carry-in storage container (drum) using a hand tool such as an air impact driver.

  The inside of the carry-in storage container (drum can) is inspected, and if there is free water, it is adsorbed by the adsorbent. The adsorbent after adsorption is put into an adsorbent pail.

  Next, the carry-in storage container (drum can) is moved to the reversing device 27 to be reversed, and the contents are scraped out to the refill hopper 17.

  In the refill hopper 17 shown in FIG. 5, a movable screen 19 made of a mesh is disposed above the first stage hopper 18 so as to be capable of moving forward and backward with respect to the opening of the first stage hopper 18. An openable / closable flap damper 20 is provided at the bottom of the first stage hopper 18. The first-stage hopper 18 includes a load cell as a weighing device for weighing the amount of sludge that has passed through the movable screen 19. By opening the flap damper 20, the sludge is transferred to a charging refill container (drum can) 21.

  A second stage hopper 22 that can be moved forward and backward with respect to the bottom of the first stage hopper 18 is disposed below the first stage hopper 18. An openable / closable flap damper 23 is provided at the bottom of the second stage hopper 22, and the sludge is transferred to a charging refill container (pail can) 24 by opening the flap damper 23.

  The sludge scraped from the carry-in storage container (drum can) 2 is scraped onto the mesh of the movable screen 19 on the first-stage hopper 18 of the refill hopper to remove relatively large foreign matters of about 50 mm or more. The removed foreign matter is put in a foreign matter pail can. Among foreign materials, dangerous materials such as spray cans are pre-treated such as drilling to prevent explosion in the plasma melting cracking furnace.

  The sludge scraped from the carry-in storage container (drum can) 2 passes through the movable screen 19, falls on the first stage hopper 18, and accumulates at the bottom. When the weight reaches a predetermined level, the scraping is stopped. Thereafter, the flap damper 20 is opened and the sludge is dropped into a charging refill container (drum can) 21 disposed below the first-stage hopper 18. At this time, the second stage hopper 22 is retracted to the standby position.

  Since the type of sludge is known in advance, in the case of organic sludge, it is transferred to the refill container (pale can) 24 for input. After measuring the weight of the organic sludge with the first-stage hopper, the flap damper is opened. To the second-stage hopper 22 located below the first-stage hopper. Next, the second-stage hopper 22 is moved backward to be positioned on the charging refill container (pail can) 24, the flap damper 23 is opened, and the organic sludge is transferred to the charging refill container (pail can) 24.

  Furthermore, if the waste activated carbon is carried into the facility, the input refill container (drum can) 21 is weighed and filled from the waste activated carbon hopper 9. Furthermore, in order to adjust the fluidity at the time of plasma melting in the next step, a basicity adjusting agent such as silica sand or limestone is weighed from the basicity adjusting agent hopper 10 and filled with a necessary amount.

  A lid is attached to the charging refill container (drum can) 21 and the charging refill container (pail can) 24 after filling using a hand tool such as an air impact driver. The charging refill container (drum can) 21 or the charging refill container (pail can) 24 with the lid is carried out of the draft chamber by the conveyor 16c and sent to the plasma melting and decomposing process.

  Table 2 shows examples of refill contents such as sludge.

  In the liquid material draft chamber 15, the carry-in storage container (drum can) 2 filled with the liquid material is carried into the draft chamber 15 by the carry-in conveyor 16 a and waits on the transport conveyor 16 b of the draft chamber 15. The liquid material is refilled in the (drum) 21 via the refill pump 25. The refilled refill container (drum) 21 that has been refilled is transported to the plasma processing standby chamber. In addition, an adsorbent for quasi-solidifying the liquid material is introduced into the charging refill container (drum can) 21. When the liquid material is charged into the charging refill container (drum can) 21 by a refilling pump. The liquid is solidified by the adsorbent.

  In addition, the liquid material generated in a separate process in the PCB waste treatment facility is conveyed into the draft chamber 15 by the pipeline 26 and is charged into the charging refill container (drum 21).

(A) Waste For waste of the same classification as sludge, a carry-in storage container (drum can) is carried by the conveyor 16 into a solid material draft chamber for treating the sludge.

  The operator removes the lid of the carry-in storage container (drum can) using a hand tool such as an air impact driver.

  After inspecting the inside of the carry-in storage container (drum can), the carry-in storage container (drum can) is moved to the reversing device 27, reversed, scraped on the movable screen mesh on the first hopper of the refill hopper, Remove foreign material. The removed foreign matter is put in a foreign matter pail can.

  Use a hand tool such as an air impact driver to attach the lid to the refill container (drum can) for filling after filling. The charged refill drum with the lid is unloaded from the draft chamber by the conveyor 16c and sent to the plasma melting and decomposing process. Table 2 shows examples of the contents of refilling waste cloths.

1: Entry side supply device 2: Carrying storage container (drum)
3: Front chamber 4: Glove box 5: Reversing device 6: Table 7: Weighing instrument 8: Refill container for input (drum can)
9: Waste activated carbon hopper 10: Basicity adjusting agent hopper 11: Front chamber 12: Outlet delivery device 13: Water tank 14: Draft chamber for solid matter 15: Draft chamber for liquid matter 16: Input conveyor 16a: Conveyor 16b: Conveyance Conveyor 16c: Conveyor 17: Refill hopper 18: First stage hopper 19: Mobile screen 20: Flap damper 21: Refill container for input (drum can)
22: Second stage hopper 23: Flap damper 24: Refill container for loading (pail can)
25: Refill pump 26: Pipeline 27: Reversing device

Claims (11)

When a processing object is melted and decomposed in a PCB waste treatment facility and detoxified by a plasma melting and decomposing furnace, the processing object is put into the plasma melting and decomposing furnace from a carry-in storage container carried into the PCB waste processing facility. A pretreatment method for refilling into a refill container for input,
Classification is performed according to the properties of the object to be processed, and it is carried into a sealed room defined for each classified group, and a predetermined mass that can be processed in the plasma melting cracking furnace is refilled into the refill container for input from the storage container. A pretreatment method in plasma melt decomposition treatment characterized by the above.   2. The pretreatment method in plasma melt decomposition treatment according to claim 1, wherein one or more kinds of basicity adjusting agents are packed in a refill container for charging.   3. The pretreatment method in the plasma melting and decomposing process according to claim 1, wherein one or more kinds of objects to be processed are refilled from a carry-in storage container into a refill container for input at a predetermined mass.   2. The plasma melting and decomposing process according to claim 1, wherein the liquid material sealed in the carry-in storage container is charged into an input refill container into which the adsorbent is charged, and the liquid material is solidified by the adsorbent. Pre-processing method.   The charging refill container has a structure of a main body and a lid, the hole is processed in the lid, and the lid is sealed with a soluble stopper, before the plasma melting decomposition treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 4 Processing method. When a processing object is melted and decomposed in a PCB waste treatment facility and detoxified by a plasma melting and decomposing furnace, the processing object is put into the plasma melting and decomposing furnace from a carry-in storage container carried into the PCB waste processing facility. In the pre-processing equipment for refilling into the refill container for input,
In a sealed room defined for each group classified according to the properties of the processing object,
A tilting machine for tilting the carry-in storage container storing the processing object;
A weigher for weighing a processing object scraped from an inclined carry-in storage container;
A pretreatment facility in a plasma melting and decomposing treatment facility, comprising a conveyor that carries out a refill container for weighing that has been weighed and refilled with a predetermined mass.   The pretreatment facility in a plasma melt decomposition treatment facility according to claim 6, further comprising a water tank for containing pressure-sensitive copying paper.   The pretreatment facility in the plasma melt decomposition treatment facility according to claim 6, further comprising a basicity adjusting agent supply device that supplies one or more types of basicity adjusting agents to the charging refill container.   7. The apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a refilling pump for charging the liquid material sealed in the carry-in storage container into the charging refilling container in which the adsorbent is charged. Processing equipment.   The pretreatment facility in the plasma melting and decomposition treatment facility according to claim 6, further comprising a waste activated carbon supply device that supplies the waste activated carbon to the charging refill container.   A refill hopper for receiving a processing object scraped from an inclined carry-in storage container is provided above the first-stage hopper having a load cell and a flap damper that can be opened and closed at the bottom, above the first-stage hopper. A movable screen is disposed so as to be capable of moving forward and backward with respect to the opening, and a second stage hopper capable of moving forward and backward with respect to the bottom of the first stage hopper is disposed below the first stage hopper. The pretreatment facility in a plasma melting and decomposition treatment facility according to claim 6, wherein the hopper at the stage has a flap damper at the bottom.

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