JP2010173055A - Machining tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machining tool which can suppress the leakage of a coolant. <P>SOLUTION: The machining tool holds a blade member 20 for machining an object to be machined, and includes a blade member holder 10 having a coolant hose 12 as a passage of the coolant, a spindle body 31 which is rotated and driven while holding the blade member holder 10, a through hole 32 formed along a rotating shaft of the spindle body 31, a spindle device 30 including a coolant supply pipe 33 as a passage of the coolant and arranged in the through hole 32 so as to be rotatable with respect to the spindle body 31, a spring 34 for pressing the coolant supply pipe 33 in the direction of the rotating shaft so that an end of the coolant supply pipe 33 comes into contact with an end of the coolant hose 12 when the object to be machined is machined, and the coolant supply pipe 33 coming into contact therewith at the pressure of the spring 34. At least one of the end of the coolant supply pipe 33 and the end of the coolant hose 12 is provided with a ceramic member. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing tool that processes a workpiece while supplying a fluid for lubricating cooling.

  Conventionally, Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a processing tool that processes a workpiece while supplying a fluid for cooling and cooling (oil mist).

  The processing tool shown in Patent Document 1 includes a spindle device and a tool holder attached to the spindle device.

  The tool holder has a gripping body for gripping at the time of automatic replacement on its outer periphery, and a through hole is formed in the longitudinal direction inside the center, and a female screw is engraved at one end of the through hole. A tool stopper having a hole in the length direction inside the center is screwed. On the other hand, a conical engagement body formed to protrude outward is formed on the other end side of the through hole. It is a two-surface constraining type tool holder that comes into contact with and is connected to two end surfaces simultaneously.

  The tool holder is provided with a mist receiving pipe which is repelled toward the spindle device side via a spring inside the through hole on the connection side, and fluid supply of the spindle device is provided in the through hole between the mist receiving pipe and the tool stopper. A communicating pipe for flowing fluid straight from the pipe is inserted in a bridged state, and the communicating pipe slides appropriately in the through hole in conjunction with the movement of the tool stopper due to the change in length of the cutting tool. is there.

JP 2000-84791 A

  However, in the processing tool disclosed in Patent Document 1, there may be a gap between the mist receiving pipe of the tool holder and the clamp rod (fluid supply pipe) of the spindle device. When the gap is generated in this way, the fluid supplied from the clamp rod to the mist receiving pipe leaks outside from the gap, so that there is a problem that a sufficient amount of fluid cannot be supplied to the tool or the workpiece. .

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said problem, and it aims at providing the processing tool which can suppress the leakage of the fluid for lubrication cooling.

In order to achieve the above object, the processing tool according to claim 1 is for processing a workpiece while supplying a fluid for lubricating cooling.
A blade holder for holding a blade for processing a workpiece and having a holder-side fluid supply member that is a fluid flow path;
A main spindle body that is driven to rotate while holding the blade holder, a through hole formed along the rotation axis of the main spindle body, and a fluid flow path that is disposed in the through hole so as to be rotatable with respect to the main spindle body. A spindle device including a spindle-side fluid supply member;
When processing the workpiece, the spindle-side fluid supply member is placed on the holder side along the rotation axis so that one end of the spindle-side fluid supply member and one end of the holder-side fluid supply member are in contact with each other. A pressing means for pressing in the direction of the fluid supply member,
At least one of the one end portion of the spindle-side fluid supply member and the one end portion of the holder-side fluid supply member which are brought into contact by pressing by the pressing means is made of a material having wear resistance. .

  Thus, when processing a workpiece, the rotary joint at the end is brought into contact with the end on one side of the spindle-side fluid supply member and the end on one side of the holder-side fluid supply member. Can be configured. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress leakage of the lubricating cooling fluid between the main shaft side fluid supply member and the holder side fluid supply member. Further, at least one of the end portions is preferable because it is made of a material having wear resistance, so that the life can be extended.

  Moreover, as shown in claim 2, ceramic can be used as the material having wear resistance.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a releasing means for releasing the pressing by the pressing means, and a fluid supplying means for supplying a fluid to the main shaft side fluid supply member when the pressing by the pressing means is released by the releasing means. You may make it provide.

  By doing so, it is possible to lubricate between the end portion of the spindle-side fluid supply member and the end portion of the holder-side fluid supply member, which are in contact with each other when the workpiece is processed, with the lubricating cooling fluid. . Further, by lubricating between the end portion of the main shaft side fluid supply member and the end portion of the holder side fluid supply member in this way, the life of the end portion can be further extended.

  Further, as shown in claim 4, based on the position of the main shaft side fluid supply member in the rotation axis direction, the one end portion of the main shaft side fluid supply member and the holder side fluid supply member that are brought into contact by pressing by the pressing means You may make it provide the wear detection means which detects the wear amount of at least one of the edge parts of one side.

  The main shaft side fluid supply member is pressed toward the holder by the pressing means. Therefore, by detecting the position of the main shaft side fluid supply member in the direction of the rotation axis, the one end portion of the main shaft side fluid supply member and the one end portion of the holder side fluid supply member that are in contact by pressing by the pressing means are detected. At least one of the wear amounts can be detected.

It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the processing tool in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the A section of the processing tool in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the processing tool in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the B section of the processing tool in the 2nd embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 or FIG.

  The processing tool in the present embodiment is a fluid for lubrication and cooling, and processes a workpiece (processing object) while supplying mist-like oil (hereinafter also referred to as coolant). That is, the blade holder 10 to which the blade 20 for performing cutting or the like on the workpiece (working object) is mounted is detachably attached to the spindle device 30 (the spindle body 31). Then, by rotating the spindle device 30, the cutting tool holder 10 to which the cutting tool 20 is mounted is rotated to process the workpiece. In the present embodiment, an example in which an HSK holder is used as the blade holder will be described.

  A spindle main body 31 to which the blade holder 10 is detachably mounted as shown in FIG. 1 is rotatably supported by a hollow cylindrical housing (not shown) of the spindle device 30, and is rotated by a motor (not shown). It is designed to be driven. The main spindle body 31 is formed with a through hole 32 that penetrates along the rotation axis.

  The blade holder 10 is mounted on the tip end portion (the blade side) of the through hole 32 in the main spindle body 31. In addition, the site | part with which the blade holder 10 is mounted | worn in the main spindle main body 31 is formed in the taper shape whose inner peripheral surface is large in diameter toward the main spindle main body 31 front end side. In addition, an end face on the front end side (blade side) of the main spindle body 31 is formed with an annular end face that is substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis.

  The through-hole 32 has a holding member that rotates together with the main spindle body 31 and detachably holds a part of the blade holder 10 in an airtight state. This holding member is a well-known technique including a sleeve, a clamp member, a tension coil spring, a draw bar, and the like. Therefore, illustration and detailed description are omitted.

  Further, in the through hole 32, a coolant supply pipe 33 (main shaft side fluid supply member) provided with a coolant through hole 33a for supplying the coolant to the blade side is disposed. The coolant supply pipe 33 is provided along the rotation axis from the rear end side of the main spindle body 31 to the end part on the blade holder 10 side. The coolant supply pipe 33 is fixed to a non-rotating portion (not shown) of the spindle device 30 via, for example, an O-ring, and is rotatably supported by the sleeve 51 via a bearing (not shown). Yes. The coolant supply pipe 33 may be rotatably fixed to a non-rotating portion (not shown) of the spindle device 30 through a bearing or the like, for example.

  The coolant is introduced into the coolant supply pipe 33 from the rear end side of the main spindle body 31 by a coolant supply pump (not shown) or the like, and circulates in the coolant supply pipe 33 toward the tip end side (the cutting tool side). ing. Since the coolant supply pipe 33 is rotatably fixed to a non-rotating portion (not shown) of the spindle device 30, it does not rotate even when the processing tool is in operation (when the spindle body 31 is rotated). Therefore, the oil mist flowing in the coolant supply pipe 33 flows without being affected by the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the main spindle body 31.

  Further, the coolant supply pipe 33 includes a protrusion 33c to which a force from the rear end side of the main spindle body 31 to the cutting tool side is applied from the spring 34 along the rotation axis. When processing the workpiece, the coolant supply pipe 33 is pressed in the direction of the coolant hose 12 along the rotation axis by the force from the spring 34 and is applied to the end of the coolant hose 12 (holder-side fluid supply member). Contact. That is, the spring 34 and the protrusion 33c correspond to the pressing means of the present invention. Further, a release mechanism that releases the pressing force of the spring 34 against the coolant supply pipe 33 is provided except when the workpiece is processed (for example, when the blade holder 10 is replaced) (release means). The release mechanism is not particularly limited as long as it releases the pressing of the spring 34 against the coolant supply pipe 33.

  Note that the pressing means in the present invention rotates the coolant supply pipe 33 so that one end of the coolant supply pipe 33 and the one end of the coolant hose 12 come into contact with each other when the workpiece is processed. There is no particular limitation as long as it is pressed in the axial direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the coolant supply pipe 33 is provided with a ceramic 33 b at an end portion in contact with the coolant hose 12. The ceramic 33b will be described in detail later.

  On the other hand, the blade holder 10 that is detachably (replaceable) attached to the spindle device 30 (spindle main body 31) has both the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 32 and the end surface of the main spindle main body 31 when attached to the main spindle body 31. Is a two-surface constraining type (for example, HSK shank type, HSK type). The blade holder 10 includes a holder main body 11 having a space portion penetrating along the rotation axis, a coolant hose 12 and the like.

  The coolant hose 12 is a flow path for supplying the coolant supplied from the coolant supply pipe 33 to the cutting tool 20, and extends from one end (main shaft side) to the other end (cutting tool side) along the rotation axis. A coolant through hole 20a is formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the coolant hose 12 is provided with a ceramic 12 b at an end portion on the side in contact with the coolant supply pipe 33. The ceramic 12b will be described in detail later.

  On one end side of the holder body 11, a taper portion for mounting on the spindle body 31 is provided. When the blade holder 10 is inserted into the main spindle body 31, the tapered surface comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the main spindle body 31. A recess for attaching the coolant hose 12 is formed on the bottom surface inside the taper portion, and a through hole into which the coolant hose 12 is inserted is formed on the bottom surface of the recess. A screw groove (female screw) corresponding to a screw (male screw) provided on the outer periphery of the coolant hose 12 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the recess. The coolant hose 12 is fixed to the blade holder 10 by being screwed by a screw groove provided in the recess and a screw provided in the coolant hose 12. The relationship between the male screw and the female screw formed on the blade holder 10 and the coolant hose 12 may be reversed.

  On the other end side of the holder main body 11, a cutting tool 20 for processing a workpiece is mounted. The cutting tool 20 includes a blade at the tip. The cutting tool 20 is a flow path for supplying coolant supplied from the coolant hose 12 to the blade, and has a coolant through hole 20a penetrating from the rear end (coolant hose side) to the vicinity of the blade. ing.

  When the blade holder 10, the blade 20, and the spindle device 30 as described above are assembled, the coolant through hole 12 a of the blade holder 10, the coolant through hole 20 a of the blade tool 20, and the coolant through hole 33 a of the spindle device 30 are coaxial. Placed on top. Thereby, the coolant supplied from the spindle device 30 side circulates to the blade of the blade 20 and the like.

  Here, the end portions of the coolant supply pipe 33 and the coolant hose 12 will be described in detail.

  As described above, since the coolant supply pipe 33 is rotatably fixed to the non-rotating portion of the spindle device 30, it does not rotate even when the processing tool is in operation (when the spindle body 31 is rotated). On the other hand, the coolant hose 12 rotates together with the main spindle body 31 when the processing tool is operated. Further, when the workpiece is processed (when the processing tool is in operation), the coolant supply pipe 33 and the coolant hose 12 come into contact with each other by the pressing force of the spring 34. Therefore, when the workpiece is processed, friction between the coolant supply pipe 33 and the coolant hose 12 in contact with the coolant hose 12 is caused by the rotation of the coolant hose 12.

  Usually, the end portions of the coolant supply pipe 33 and the coolant hose 12 are made of metal or the like. When friction occurs as described above in a state where the metals are in contact with each other, the end portions of the coolant supply pipe 33 and the coolant hose 12 in contact with each other may have a short life.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the coolant supply pipe 33 is provided with a ceramic 33 b at the end on the side in contact with the coolant hose 12. That is, the end of the coolant supply pipe 33 is configured by attaching a tip member made of ceramic 33b (for example, attaching with an adhesive or the like) to an end of the conventional coolant supply pipe (for example, an end made of metal). be able to. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the ceramic hose 12 may be similarly provided with a ceramic 12 b at an end portion in contact with the coolant supply pipe 33. That is, the end of the coolant hose 12 can be configured by attaching a tip member made of ceramic 12b (for example, attaching with an adhesive or the like) to an end of the conventional coolant hose 12 (eg, an end made of metal). it can. The ceramics 33b and 12b have good wear resistance, and even if the above-described friction occurs, the life can be extended as compared with the case where the ceramics 33b and 12b are not provided. Accordingly, the frequency of replacing the coolant supply pipe 33 or the coolant hose 12 can be reduced. Moreover, leakage of the coolant can be suppressed by providing the ceramics 33b and 12b as described above.

  The ceramics 33b and 12b are preferably provided in both the coolant supply pipe 33 and the coolant hose 12, but the object of the present invention can also be achieved by providing them in at least one of them. In other words, by providing ceramic in one of the coolant supply pipe 33 and the coolant hose 12, the life of the end portion in contact with the ceramic supply pipe 33 and the coolant hose 12 can be increased as compared with the case where no ceramic is provided. And the lifetime of the edge part which contacts can be made still longer by providing a ceramic in both the coolant supply pipe | tube 33 and the coolant hose 12. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, ceramics 33b and 12b are used as materials provided at the ends of the coolant supply pipe 33 and the coolant hose 12, but the present invention is not limited to this. Any material having good wear resistance may be used, for example, engineering plastics.

  Further, when the release mechanism releases the pressure of the spring 34 against the coolant supply pipe 33 (for example, after the blade holder 10 is replaced), the coolant may be supplied from the coolant supply pump to the coolant supply pipe 33. Thus, the coolant can be lubricated between the ceramics 33b and 12b that come into contact with each other when the workpiece is processed. By lubricating in this way, the lifetime of the ceramics 33b and 12b can be further extended.

  Further, the processing tool in the present embodiment includes a wear detection unit 40 that detects the wear amount of at least one of the ceramics 33b and 12b. The wear detection unit 40 detects the position of the coolant supply pipe 33 in the rotation axis direction. Specifically, for example, a reflector that is fixed to the coolant supply pipe 33 and exposed to the outside of the main spindle body 31 (not in contact with the main spindle body 31) is provided. Then, the reflecting plate is irradiated with light or the like, and the position is detected using the reflection by the reflecting plate (non-contact type sensor). In addition, a protrusion or the like that is fixed to the coolant supply pipe 33 and exposed to the outside of the main spindle body 31 (not in contact with the main spindle body 31) is provided. When at least one of the ceramics 33b and 12b is worn and the coolant supply pipe 33 moves to the blade 20 side and reaches a predetermined position, a switch or the like that is turned on by the protrusion is provided to detect the position. Good (contact type sensor).

  Thus, by detecting the position of the coolant supply pipe 33 in the direction of the rotation axis, it is possible to detect the amount of wear of at least one of the ceramics 33b and 12b. Further, by detecting the wear amount in this way, the replacement time can be grasped. Therefore, it is preferable because it does not need to be replaced periodically.

(Second Embodiment)
In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the HSK holder is used as the blade holder has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can achieve the object even when a BT holder is used as a blade holder as shown in FIGS. In the present embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to a BT holder will be described. In addition, description is abbreviate | omitted about the structure equivalent to the above-mentioned embodiment, and a different point is demonstrated mainly.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the blade holder 100 detachably (replaceable) attached to the spindle device (spindle main body) supplies the blade 20 with the coolant supplied from the coolant supply pipe 33 (spindle side fluid supply member). The holder main body 110 is provided with a coolant through hole 120a (holder-side fluid supply member) penetrating from one end (main shaft side) to the other end (blade side).

  Further, a pull bolt 110a (holder-side fluid supply member) that is pulled from the spindle device side is provided at one end of the holder main body 110. Further, a cutting tool 20 for processing a workpiece is attached to the other end side of the holder main body 110. The cutting tool 200 includes a blade at the tip or the like. The blade 200 is a flow path for supplying coolant supplied from the coolant through hole 120a to the blade, and a coolant through hole 200a penetrating from the rear end (main shaft side) to the vicinity of the blade or the like is formed. Has been.

  When the blade holder 100, the blade 200, and the spindle device are assembled, the coolant through hole 120a of the blade holder 100, the coolant through hole 200a of the blade 200, and the coolant through hole 33a of the spindle device are arranged coaxially. The As a result, the coolant supplied from the spindle device side is circulated to the blade of the cutting tool 200 or the like.

  Since the spindle device for the BT holder is a well-known technique, a detailed description thereof is omitted. Moreover, it is also possible to provide a spring 34, a projection 33c (pressing means), a release mechanism, a wear detection unit 40, and the like equivalent to those in the above-described embodiment.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the coolant supply pipe 33 is provided with a ceramic 33 b at an end portion in contact with the pull bolt 110 a. That is, the end of the coolant supply pipe 33 is configured by attaching a tip member made of ceramic 33b (for example, attaching with an adhesive or the like) to an end of the conventional coolant supply pipe (for example, an end made of metal). be able to. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, in the pull bolt 110a as well, a ceramic 12b may be provided at an end portion on the side in contact with the coolant supply pipe 33. That is, the end portion of the pull bolt 110a can be configured by attaching (for example, attaching with an adhesive or the like) a tip member made of the ceramic 12b to an end portion (for example, an end portion made of metal) of the conventional pull bolt 110a.

  The ceramics 33b and 12b have good wear resistance, and even if the above-described friction occurs, the life can be extended as compared with the case where the ceramics 33b and 12b are not provided. Therefore, the frequency of replacing the coolant supply pipe 33 or the pull bolt 110a can be reduced. Moreover, leakage of the coolant can be suppressed by providing the ceramics 33b and 12b as described above.

  The ceramics 33b and 12b are preferably provided on both the coolant supply pipe 33 and the pull bolt 110a, but the object of the present invention can also be achieved by providing them on at least one of them. In other words, by providing ceramic in one of the coolant supply pipe 33 and the pull bolt 110a, the life of the end portion in contact with the ceramic supply pipe 33 and the pull bolt 110a can be extended as compared with the case where no ceramic is provided. And the lifetime of the edge part which contacts can be made still longer by providing a ceramic in both the coolant supply pipe | tube 33 and the pull volt | bolt 110a.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cutting tool holder, 11 Holder main body, 12 Coolant hose, 12a Coolant through hole, 12b Ceramic, 20 Cutting tool, 20a Coolant through hole, 30 Spindle device, 31 Spindle main body, 32 Through hole, 33 Coolant supply pipe, 33a For coolant Through hole, 33b Ceramic, 33c Protrusion, 34 Spring, 40 Wear detector

Claims (4)

The workpiece is processed while supplying the fluid for lubrication and cooling.
A blade holder that holds a blade for processing the workpiece, and has a holder-side fluid supply member that is a flow path of the fluid;
A main spindle body that is rotationally driven while holding the blade holder, a through hole formed along the rotation axis of the main spindle body, and a fluid flow path that is in the through hole with respect to the main spindle body A spindle device including a spindle-side fluid supply member that is rotatably arranged;
When the workpiece is machined, the spindle-side fluid supply member is placed on the rotary shaft such that one end of the spindle-side fluid supply member contacts one end of the holder-side fluid supply member. Pressing means for pressing in the direction of the holder-side fluid supply member,
With
At least one of the one end portion of the main shaft side fluid supply member and the one end portion of the holder side fluid supply member which are brought into contact by pressing by the pressing means is made of a material having wear resistance. Processing tool.   The processing tool according to claim 1, wherein the material is ceramic.   And a release means for releasing the pressure applied by the pressure means, and a fluid supply means for supplying fluid to the spindle-side fluid supply member when the release means releases the pressure applied by the pressure means. The processing tool according to claim 1 or 2.   One end portion of the main shaft side fluid supply member and one end portion of the holder side fluid supply member that are brought into contact by pressing by the pressing means based on the position of the main shaft side fluid supply member in the rotation axis direction. The processing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a wear detection unit configured to detect a wear amount of at least one of the above.

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