JP2010155202A - Wood crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wood crusher capable of enhancing crushing efficiency and discharging performance of chips remaining inside a crushing chamber. <P>SOLUTION: The wood crusher includes: a feed conveyor 12 for feeding lumber to be crushed; a crushing rotor 15 arranged oppositely to the feeding part 100 by the feed conveyor 12 for the lumber to be crushed; an anvil 34 installed so as to impinge on the chips circulating in the crushing chamber 27; and a screen 38 arranged oppositely to the outer periphery of the crushing rotor 15. The wood crusher is characterized in that the rotary drum 101 of the crushing rotor 15 is provided with a main crushing part A which is opposed to the feeding part 100 and has a plurality of crushing bits 36 on the outer periphery, and with a sub crushing part B which is situated outside the width of the feeding part 100. In addition, the screen 38 is also arranged at least in a position facing the outer periphery of the sub crushing part B of the rotary drum 101. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood crusher for crushing wood to be crushed.

  Pruned branches and thinned wood generated by forest creation and maintenance management, branch timber generated by deforestation of timber harvested in the forest, and waste timber generated by demolition of wooden buildings, etc. are finally discarded industrially Have been treated as things. The wood crusher crushes the wood to be crushed into a predetermined size for the purpose of reducing the volume of the wood, fermenting the crushed wood (wood chips) and reusing it as organic fertilizer ( (See Patent Document 1).

JP 2004-167402 A

  In this type of wood crusher, the wood to be crushed is first crushed (primary crushing) by hitting with a bit attached to a crushing rotor, and further crushed into a finer (secondary crushing) Crushed). The chips that have become sufficiently fine at the time of the secondary crushing are discharged from the crushing chamber through a screen disposed opposite to the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor. Chips that do not pass through the screen even after secondary crushing go around the crushing rotor and are struck by the anvil again. By repeating this, the chips are finely crushed (3rd crushing) until they pass through the screen.

  In the wood crusher described in Patent Document 1, the width of the feed conveyor that feeds the wood to be crushed into the crushing device and the width of the crushing rotor and the screen are approximately the same. For example, when crushing a large amount of wood to be crushed As described above, when the wood to be crushed is placed over the full width of the feed conveyor, the wood to be crushed during the primary crushing interferes with the crushed pieces that have circulated around the crushing rotor and reduced the efficiency of the tertiary crushing. If the tertiary crushing does not progress, the shredded pieces are not smoothly discharged from the crushing chamber, but the primary crushing is continuously performed. Not only decreases, but also causes an increase in energy loss and deterioration in fuel consumption due to an increase in resistance of the crushing rotor.

  Moreover, when discharging the crushed pieces staying in the crushing chamber from the crushing apparatus, it has been conventionally necessary to stop or reversely drive the feed conveyor to interrupt the primary crushing. However, when this operation is performed, the space around the crushing rotor is secured during this period, and the third crushing is promoted, but the primary crushing is not performed, so the reduction in the processing amount is unavoidable.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the wood crusher which can improve the crushing efficiency and discharge property of the crushing piece which retains in the crushing chamber inside.

  1st invention is the said crushing chamber in the crushing chamber which accommodated the feeder which supplies the to-be-crushed wood, the crushing rotor arrange | positioned with the outer peripheral surface facing the supply part of the crushing material by the said feeder, and the said crushing rotor In the wood crusher comprising a repulsion plate provided so as to collide with a crushing piece that circulates, and a screen having a plurality of discharge holes and disposed opposite to the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor, The rotating drum is opposed to the feeder of the feeder and has a main crushing portion having a plurality of crushing bits on the outer peripheral surface, and is at least one side in the rotation axis direction with respect to the main crushing portion and outside the width of the feeding portion And the screen is arranged at a position facing at least the outer peripheral surface of the sub-crushing part of the rotary drum.

  A second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, a screen for a sub-crushing portion that faces only the sub-crushing portion of the crushing rotor is further provided on the feeder side.

  According to a third invention, in the first or second invention, at least one projecting member is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the sub-crushing portion of the crushing rotor.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the screen has a larger area per unit area in the region facing the sub crushing portion than in the region facing the main crushing portion of the crushing rotor. A discharge port is formed so as to increase the aperture ratio.

  According to a fifth invention, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the screen is formed so that a region facing the sub-crushing portion is thinner than a region facing the main crushing portion of the crushing rotor. It is characterized by being.

  A sixth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fifth inventions, the crushing rotor has a tapered shape whose diameter increases as it approaches the end in the rotation axis direction.

  According to a seventh invention, in any one of the first to fifth inventions, the crushing rotor has a step shape in which a diameter of the sub crushing portion is larger than a diameter of the main crushing portion. And

  According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the crushing efficiency and the discharge performance of the crushing pieces staying in the crushing chamber.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall structure of a wood crusher according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof. In the following, the directions corresponding to the left and right in FIG. 1 are the rear and front of the wood crusher, or one and the other.

  The wood crusher illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is crushed by a traveling body 1 for self-running, a crushing function component 2 that crushes the crushed wood provided on the traveling body 1, and a crushing function component 2 It includes a discharge conveyor 3 that conveys the crushed timber (wood chips) and discharges it to the outside of the machine, and a power unit (power unit) 4 that includes an engine that is a power source of each mounted device. It should be noted that the objects to be crushed by the wood crusher of the present embodiment include, for example, pruned branches and thinned wood generated in the forest, wood such as waste wood that is generated when the building is demolished, waste plastic materials, Waste tatami and bamboo are also included. The wood is not limited to relatively dry and hard wood, but also includes soft wood with a large amount of water such as roadside branches and roadside weeds that have just been pruned. In the present embodiment, these objects to be crushed are collectively referred to as crushed wood.

  The traveling body 1 includes a track frame 5, driving wheels 6 and driven wheels 7 provided at both front and rear ends of the track frame 5, a driving device (traveling hydraulic motor) 8 having an output shaft connected to the shaft of the driving wheel 6, and driving A crawler belt (endless track crawler belt) 9 is provided around the wheel 6 and the driven wheel 7. A main body frame 10 is provided on the track frame 5, and the main body frame 10 supports the crushing function component 2, the discharge conveyor 3, the power unit 4, and the like.

  The crushing function component 2 is introduced by a hopper 11 that receives input crushed wood, a feed conveyor 12 (see FIG. 2) as a means for transporting the crushed wood accommodated in the hopper 11, and a feed conveyor 12. The crushing device 13 for crushing the crushed wood (see FIG. 3), and the crushing device that presses the crushed wood before the crushing device 13 and introduces the crushed wood introduced into the crushing device 13 in cooperation with the feed conveyor 12 13 is provided with a pressing feeder device 14 (see FIG. 3). The configuration of the crusher delivery component 2 will be described later.

  The discharge conveyor 3 discharges the crushed wood discharged from the crushing device 13 to the outside of the machine, and is wound between a conveyor frame 50 provided with driving wheels and driven wheels (not shown) at both front and rear ends, between the driving wheels and the driven wheels. It has a conveyor cover 51 attached to the conveyor frame 50 so as to cover the upper side of the conveying surface of the rotated conveyor belt (not shown), a driving device (hydraulic motor for discharge conveyor) 52 that rotates the drive wheels, and the like. A portion on the discharge side (front side) of the discharge conveyor 3 is suspended and supported by a support member 53 that protrudes from a support portion of the power unit 4, and an end portion on the opposite side (rear side) is interposed via a support member 54. The main body frame 10 is suspended and supported. The discharge conveyor 3 extends forward from the lower side of the crushing device 13, and after passing through the lower side of the power device 4, the discharge conveyor 3 is inclined so as to rise toward the front. However, a straight first conveyor that extends forward from below the crushing device 13 in the lower region of the main body frame 10 and forward from below the discharge end of the first conveyor without using the bent conveyor in this way. In some cases, the discharge conveyor may be configured with a straight second conveyor that is inclined upward.

  The power unit 4 is mounted on the other end in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 10 via a support member 55. A driver's seat 56 is provided in a compartment on the rear side of the power unit 4 and on one side in the body width direction (lower side in FIG. 2). The driver's seat 56 is provided with an operation lever 57 for operating the wood crusher. Below the driver's seat 56 is provided an operation panel 58 for performing other operations, settings, monitoring and the like. Yes. In this example, the operation panel 58 is provided on the side of the machine body so that the operator can easily operate from the ground, but may be provided in the driver's seat 56.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective side view showing a main part structure of the crushing function component 2. In this figure, the structure of the sub-crushing part B of the crushing rotor 15 described later is not shown.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the feed conveyor 12 functions as a feeder together with the pressure feeder device 14 to convey and supply the wood to be crushed toward the crushing rotor 15. The feed conveyor 12 includes a sprocket-like drive wheel 16 disposed facing the rear side of the crushing rotor 15, a driven wheel (not shown) provided on the opposite side (near the rear end of the machine body), and these drive wheels 16. And a conveyor belt (chain belt) 17 (see FIG. 2) wound between the driven wheels and arranged in a plurality of rows (four rows in this example) in the width direction, and crushed in a state of being accommodated in the hopper 11 It extends substantially horizontally from the vicinity of the rotor 15 toward the rear. The driven wheel is supported by a bearing 19 (see FIG. 1) provided at the rear portion of the side wall body 18 (see FIG. 1) of the hopper 11, and the driving wheel 16 is crushed which constitutes the front part of the side wall body 18 (or the side wall of the crushing device 13). It is supported by bearings (not shown) provided on the machine frame 20). The rotating shaft 21 of the driving wheel 16 of the feed conveyor 12 is connected to an output shaft of a driving device (not shown) provided outside the bearing in the body width direction via a coupling or the like. By rotating the driving device (not shown), the conveyor belt 17 is circulated between the driving wheel 16 and the driven wheel, and the object to be crushed is supplied to the crushing device 13.

  In addition, the part (the rear part of the crushing device 13 in this embodiment) to which the wood to be crushed is supplied by the feed conveyor 12 and the presser roller 24 is appropriately fed (the crushing device for the wood to be crushed by the feed conveyor 12 and the pressure feeder device 14). The width of the supply unit 100 is equal to the width dimension in the left-right direction of the feed conveyor 12 in this embodiment.

  The pressing feeder device 14 includes a rotation shaft 22 extending in the body width direction above the crushing rotor 15, a support member 23 supported so as to be swingable in the vertical direction about the rotation shaft 22, and a support member 23. And a pressure roller 24 that is opposed to the conveying surface of the feed conveyor 12 on the rear side of the crushing rotor 15, and a hydraulic cylinder 29 that rotates the pressure roller 24.

  The rotating shaft 22 is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) provided on the crusher frame 20.

  The support member 23 includes an arm portion 25 that rotates about a rotation shaft 22 and a bracket portion 26 that is attached to the distal end side of the arm portion 25 and that is attached to a press roller. The lower surface of the arm portion 25 is curved in a substantially arc shape, and a curved plate 28 is attached to the lower portion of the curved portion. The width dimension of the curved plate 28 in the left-right direction is matched with the width dimension of the supply unit 100.

  The presser roller 24 corresponds to the width of the transport surface of the feed conveyor 12 in the width direction (the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 3), and is set equal to or slightly larger than the transport surface of the feed conveyor 12. Yes. The presser roller 24 rides on the shredded wood transported on the feed conveyor 12 and presses the shredded wood with its own weight, and corresponds to the transport speed of the feed conveyor 12 by a driving device (not shown) built in the body portion. The wood to be crushed is supplied to the crushing chamber 27 (described later) in cooperation with the feed conveyor 12 by rotating at a peripheral speed.

  The hydraulic cylinder 29 is forcibly moved up and down during maintenance or the like, and is attached to a bracket 30 fixed to the crusher frame 20 via a beam provided at an upper position in the vicinity of the front end portion of the arm portion 25. However, the rod side end portion is rotatably connected to a bracket 32 provided at the rear end portion of the upper surface of the arm portion 25.

  The crushing device 13 is located on a substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 10 (see FIG. 1), and in the crushing chamber 27 and the crushing rotor 15 rotating at high speed in the crushing chamber 27 as shown in FIG. An anvil (repulsion plate) 34 provided outside in the radial direction of the crushing rotor 15 is provided. The crushing rotor 15 that is a driving body and the anvil 34 that is a stationary body each function as crushing means. In the crushing device 13, the crushing wood introduced into the crushing chamber 27 is crushed by the crushing rotor 15 and the anvil 34. .

  4 is a view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a view taken along line VV in FIG.

  The crushing rotor 15 includes a rotating drum 101 disposed in a posture in which the outer peripheral surface is opposed to the supply unit 100. The rotating shaft of the rotating drum 101 is rotatably supported by bearings 102 provided on both the left and right sides of the crushing device 13 and is directly connected to a driving device 103 fixed to the bearing 102. In the present embodiment, the length of the rotating drum 101 in the direction of the rotation axis is longer than the width of the supply unit 100 (the size in the left-right direction of the machine body). A portion is a main crushing portion A, and a portion located on at least one side (both sides in this example) in the rotation axis direction with respect to the main crushing portion A and outside the width of the supply unit 100 is a sub crushing portion B. A plurality of crushing bits 36 (see FIG. 3) are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the main crushing part A of the rotating drum 101, and at least one (in this example, eight at 45 degree intervals) are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the sub crushing part B. A shaped member 104 (see FIG. 5) is provided.

  The crushing bit 36 is attached to the front side in the drum normal rotation direction of each pedestal 35 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 101. The crushing bit 36 is fixed to the pedestal 35 by fastening a nut 37 to a bolt (not shown) inserted into the crushing bit 36 and the pedestal 35 from the crushing bit 36 side. When the crushing rotor 15 rotates in the forward rotation direction, each crushing bit 36 hits the crushed wood with the blade surface (collision surface) preceding the pedestal 35.

  The projecting member 104 plays a role of promoting the circular movement of the crushed pieces by causing the crushed pieces in the crushing chamber 27 in the sub-crushing section B to be accompanied by the rotation of the rotating drum 101, and protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 101. The shape is not particularly limited as long as it is a shape, but in the present embodiment, an open flat plate member whose surface is directed in the rotation direction is employed as the protruding member 104. The crushing bit 36 may be provided as the protruding member 104.

  The anvil 34 has a collision surface 39 with which the wood to be crushed introduced into the crushing chamber 27 collides, and the collision surface 39 faces the crushing pieces that circulate in the crushing chamber 27 as the crushing rotor 15 rotates. In this way, the holding member 40 is attached to the upstream side in the forward rotation direction of the crushing rotor 15 from the attachment portion of the curved plate 41. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the anvil 34 is passed between the left and right crusher frames 20, and a crushing chamber having a slight gap between the anvil 34 and the crusher frame 20 for the rotation mechanism described later. 27 extends almost throughout. The holding member 40 for holding the anvil 39 can be rotated in the front-rear direction about the rotation shaft 31 supported by the crusher frame 20 above the rotation shaft 22 of the press feeder 14 described above. Normally, it is supported via a shear pin 43 with respect to a support block 42 fixed to the inner wall surface of the crusher frame 20, and the rotation operation is restricted. During operation, when an impact load exceeding the allowable shear stress of the shear pin 43 is applied to the anvil 34, the shear pin 43 is broken and the restraint of the holding member 40 is released, and the retaining member 40 rotates about the rotation shaft 31. The anvil 34 is separated from the crushing chamber 27.

  Here, the crushing chamber 27 is a space that accommodates the crushing rotor 15 and crushes the wood to be crushed. On the outer peripheral surface of the main crushing part A of the crushing rotor 15, a curved plate 28, an anvil 34, a curved plate 41, a screen (sieving screen) in the normal rotation direction (clockwise direction in FIG. 3) of the crushing rotor 15 from the supply unit 100. 38) are opposed to each other, and an outer shell of the crushing chamber 27 around the main crushing portion A of the crushing rotor 15 is formed by the curved plate 28, the anvil 34, the screen 38, and the like. On the outer peripheral surface of the sub-crushing portion B of the crushing rotor 15, the anvil 34, the curved plate 41, the screen (sieving member) 38, the sub-clockwise direction from the anvil 34 (clockwise direction in FIG. 5). The crushing part screen 105 is opposed, and the outer wall of the crushing chamber 27 around the sub crushing part B of the crushing rotor 15 is formed by the anvil 34, the curved plate 41, the screen 38, the widening part screen 15 and the like. .

  The screen 38 is a plate-shaped sieve member that has a large number of discharge holes (not shown) and is curved in an arc shape, and is a lower half side of the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 15 (the crushing rotor 15 It is detachably held on a screen holder 44 formed in an arc shape facing the front side in the forward rotation direction). A plurality of screens 38 (four in this embodiment) are placed in the rotation direction of the crushing rotor 15 so as to face the main crushing part A and the sub crushing part B of the crushing rotor 15 with a gap. In addition, when the discharge property of the crushed wood is sufficient only in the area facing the sub-crushing part B of the crushing rotor 15, it is not necessary to provide the screen 38 in the area facing the main crushing part A of the crushing rotor 15. In this case, the discharge hole facing the main crushing part A in the screen 38 may be omitted, or the screen 38 may be provided only in the sub crushing part B.

  The size of the discharge hole of the screen 38 may be the same throughout, but the opening ratio per unit area of the region facing the sub-crushing part B is larger than the region facing the main crushing part A of the crushing rotor 15. If the discharge hole facing the sub crushing part B is formed larger than the others so as to be higher, the discharge performance on the side of the sub crushing part B is improved. In order to increase the aperture ratio, the discharge hole can be made larger and further rectangular. Further, the thickness of the screen 38 may be the same in the entire region, but if the region facing the sub crushing portion B is formed thinner than the region facing the main crushing portion A of the crushing rotor 15, the discharge performance on the side of the sub crushing portion B is reduced. Will improve.

  The screen holder 44 that supports the screen 38 is configured to rotate in the vertical direction as the cylinder 47 expands and contracts with a shaft 45 extending in the body width direction as a fulcrum, and is in the state shown in FIGS. When it is lowered from the posture, the screen 38 faces a screen insertion / removal hole (not shown) provided in the crusher frame 20, and the screen 38 can be inserted / removed through the screen insertion / removal hole.

  The cylinders 47 are, for example, hydraulic cylinders (or electric cylinders), and one cylinder 47 is installed on each of the left and right main body frames 10 (not shown in FIGS. 3 and 5). Each cylinder 47 is located on the front side of the crushing device 13, and the bottom side is rotatably connected to a bracket 49 (see FIG. 3) fixed on the main body frame 10. It extends to the rear side as an end and expands and contracts in the longitudinal direction of the main body frame 10. The rod tip of each cylinder 47 is connected to a slider 48 that slides along the main body frame 10, and the slider 48 is connected to the vicinity of the front end of the screen holder 44 via an arm 46. Both ends of the arm 46 are rotatably connected to the slider 48 and the screen holder 44. As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 5, the slider 48 and the arm 46 constitute a link mechanism, and the expansion and contraction of the cylinder 47 is converted into the vertical movement of the screen holder 44 by the slider 48 and the arm 46. . The length of the screen holder 44 and the arm 46, the front and rear positions of the cylinder 47, and the like are substantially tangent to the crushing chamber 27 when the screen holder 44 is raised (the state shown in FIGS. 3 and 5). The angle is set so as to rise up to a right angle with respect to the main body frame 10 along the direction, and consideration is given to effectively obtaining the push-up force and posture holding force of the screen holder 44 by the link mechanism.

  The sub-crushing portion screen 105 is a plate-shaped sieve member that has one or a plurality of discharge holes (not shown) and is curved in an arc shape, and covers a region between the screen 38 and the anvil 34. . This sub-crushing part screen 105 faces only the sub-crushing part B out of the main crushing part A and the sub-crushing part B, and the feed conveyor 12 and the press feeder device with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the sub-crushing part B of the crushing rotor 15. It faces the 14 side. In this example, since the anvil 34 extends to the sub-crushing part B, the end part of the screen 105 for the sub-crushing part is offset to the outside in the radial direction of the crushing rotor 15 so that the anvil 34 faces the crushing chamber 27. is there. When the anvil 34 is not required in the sub-crushing part B, the dimensions of the anvil 34 and its holding member 40 in the machine width direction are stopped within the range of the main crushing part A, and the crushing rotor is composed of the sub-crushing part screen 105 and the screen 38. It can also be set as the structure which covers 15 perimeters. A cover 106 that receives the crushed wood that has passed through the sub-crushing part screen 105 is provided outside the sub-crushing part screen 105.

  The shape and size of the discharge hole of the sub-crushing part screen 105 are not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, the size is adjusted to the size of the discharge hole facing the sub-crushing part B of the crushing rotor 15 in the screen 38. The thickness of the sub-crushing part screen 105 is not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, it is adjusted to the thickness of the part of the screen 38 facing the sub-crushing part B of the crushing rotor 15.

  Among the crushed pieces being crushed in the crushing chamber 27, those having a particle size passing through the discharge hole pass through the screen 38 or the sub crushing section screen 105 and are discharged from the crushing device 13, and are then discharged to the screen 38 or the sub crushing section screen. The crushed pieces that circulate in the crushing chamber 27 without passing through 105 are crushed between the screens 38, 105, the crushing rotor 15, the projecting member 104, and the anvil 34 by the action of collision, shearing, grinding, etc. It is discharged through the sub-crushing part screen 105. Thereby, the particle size of the crushed wood discharged from the crushing device 13 is adjusted according to the size of the discharge holes of the screen 38 and the sub-crushing section screen 105, and the crushed wood discharged from the crushing device 13 is chute (not shown). ) Through the discharge conveyor 3. However, the chute can be omitted if the region where the crushed wood is discharged from the crushing device 13 is within the belt width of the discharge conveyor 3.

  Next, the operation of the wood crusher of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described.

  When the wood to be crushed is put into the hopper 11 by a heavy machine (hydraulic excavator or the like) equipped with an appropriate work tool such as a grapple, the wood to be crushed is placed on the conveyor belt 17 of the feed conveyor 12 and is circulated and driven. It is conveyed toward the crushing device 13 by the belt 17. When the wood to be crushed is conveyed to the vicinity of the pressure feeder device 14, the presser roller 24 rides on the wood to be crushed, and the material to be crushed is pressed against the conveying surface of the feed conveyor 12 by the weight of the presser roller 24. In this way, the presser roller 24 introduces the wood to be crushed into the crushing chamber 27 in cooperation with the feed conveyor 12 with the wood to be crushed sandwiched between the feed conveyor 12. At that time, the wood to be crushed protrudes into the crushing chamber 27 in a cantilever shape with a portion sandwiched between the pressing roller 24 and the feed conveyor 12 as a fulcrum.

  The crushing bit 36 of the crushing rotor 15 that rotates at high speed collides with the wood to be crushed protruding into the crushing chamber 27 from below, whereby the wood to be crushed is roughly crushed (primary crushing). The fragments to be crushed and thus splashed into the crushing chamber 27 collide with the anvil 34 and are further crushed by the impact force (secondary crushing). Of the crushed pieces that have been secondarily crushed, those that are already small enough to pass through the screens 38 and 105 are discharged through the screen 38 or the sub-crushing section screen 105, and those that do not pass are rotated by the crushing rotor 15. Along with this, the crushing chamber 27 circulates and receives a collision action, a shearing action, a crushing action, etc. with the anvil 34, the crushing bit 36, the protruding member 104, and the inner wall surface of the crushing room 27 such as the screens 38 and 105. And further crushed (tertiary crushing). Of the crushed pieces that have been circulated, the crushed pieces that have undergone tertiary crushing and have been refined to a size that passes through the discharge holes of the screen 38 are sequentially discharged from the crushing chamber 27 through the screen 38. The crushed wood discharged from the crushing chamber 27 falls on the discharge conveyor 3, is transported by the discharge conveyor 3, and is discharged outside the machine.

  Here, if the screen 38 and the sub-crushing part screen 105 do not exist in the region facing the sub-crushing part B of the crushing rotor 15 in the present embodiment, the supply unit 100 and the crushing chamber 27 are approximately the same. For example, when the wood to be crushed is placed on the full width of the feed conveyor 12 as in the case of crushing a large amount of the wood to be crushed, the crushed pieces returned around the crushing rotor 15 after the secondary crushing are primary. The wood to be crushed during the crushing may interfere with the smooth progress of the third crushing. In this case, since the primary crushing is continuously performed while the third crushing is not progressing, not only the retention amount of the crushing pieces in the crushing chamber 27 is increased, but the processing amount (the production amount of crushed wood) is reduced. This causes an increase in energy loss and a deterioration in fuel consumption due to an increase in resistance of the crushing rotor 15.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, the crushing chamber 27 is wider than the opening of the supply unit 100, so that most of the crushed pieces that do not pass through the screens 38 and 105 after the secondary crushing are to be shredded during the primary crushing. The main crushing part A with a large resistance moves from the main crushing part A to the side with a low resistance crushing part B, and the third crushing progresses while rotating around on the sub crushing part B side. It passes through and is discharged. Therefore, primary crushing and secondary crushing as well as tertiary crushing progress efficiently, and crushing efficiency and discharge performance of the crushed pieces staying in the crushing chamber 27 are improved.

  Further, since the amount of crushed pieces remaining in the crushing chamber 27 can be suppressed, for example, there is no need for an operation such as driving the feed conveyor 12 in the reverse direction to interrupt primary crushing, or the frequency of this operation is reduced. Can do. Also in this sense, a decrease in the processing amount is suppressed.

  Another advantage is that the sub-crushing part screen 105 can be provided. On the side of the sub-crushing part B, in addition to the screen 38, a screen 105 for the sub-crushing part is also installed, so that higher dischargeability can be ensured compared to the side of the main crushing part A. Depending on the configuration, the entire periphery of the crushing rotor 15 can be covered with the screens 38 and 105 as described above.

  Further, since there is no need for primary crushing on the sub-crushing part B side, the degree of freedom in design is also increased. In the primary crushing, it is necessary to crush a large chunk of wood to be crushed, so that the crushing bit 36 is required to have a suitable strength and inevitably becomes large. On the other hand, the projecting member 104 on the side of the sub-crushing part B does not need to be primarily crushed and only needs to have sufficient strength against collision with the crushed pieces. can do. Moreover, since the intensity | strength supplied compared with the crushing bit 36 is low, a small member can be used for the protruding member 104, and the installation number can be increased correspondingly. In this case, an air flow that tends to discharge the crushed pieces from the crushing chamber 27 is likely to be induced, and further improvement in dischargeability can be expected. In addition, since the strength required for the screens 38 and 105 is low on the side of the sub-crushing part B, it is discharged by measures such as reducing the plate thickness of the screens 38 and 105 and increasing the aperture ratio compared to the side of the main crushing part A. Can be improved.

  FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the configuration around the crushing chamber provided in the wood crusher according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 5 of the first embodiment. The same reference numerals are used for the same parts as those in the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

  This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the shape of the crushing rotor 15A. The crushing rotor 15A has a tapered shape in which the diameter of the rotary drum 101A increases as it approaches the end in the rotation axis direction. ing. The screens 38 and 105 have shapes corresponding to the outer peripheral portion of the crushing rotor 15A. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  In the case of the present embodiment, the peripheral speed of the outer periphery of the crushing rotor 15A increases as going to the sub crushing part B side, so the crushing pieces that circulate around the crushing rotor 15A are guided to the sub crushing part B side by centrifugal action. The Therefore, in addition to the same effects as the first embodiment, the crushed pieces that circulate in the crushing chamber 27 are less likely to interfere with the wood to be crushed during the primary crushing, so that further improvement in crushing efficiency, discharge performance, fuel consumption, etc. Can be expected.

  In the case of the present embodiment, since the auxiliary crushing portions B are provided on both sides of the main crushing portion A, the rotary drum 101A has a shape in which both sides in the rotation axis direction are expanded with the central portion in the rotation axis direction being the minimum diameter. However, if the sub-crushing part B is provided only on one side of the main crushing part A, the diameter can be increased from one end side toward the other end side (sub-crushing part B side).

  FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a configuration around a crushing chamber provided in a wood crusher according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 5 of the first embodiment. The same reference numerals are used for the same parts as those in the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

  This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the shape of the crushing rotor 15B, and the rotating drum 101B of the crushing rotor 15B has a diameter of the sub crushing part B rather than the diameter of the main crushing part A. It has a large step shape. The screens 38 and 105 have shapes corresponding to the outer peripheral portion of the crushing rotor 15B. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, as in the first and second embodiments, one of the auxiliary crushing portions B on both sides of the main crushing portion A can be omitted.

  Also in the present embodiment, the peripheral speed of the crushing rotor 15B of the sub crushing part B is larger than that of the main crushing part A, so that the crushing pieces that circulate around the crushing rotor 15B are separated by the centrifugal action. Be guided to. Therefore, in addition to the same effects as the first embodiment, the crushed pieces that circulate in the crushing chamber 27 are less likely to interfere with the wood to be crushed during the primary crushing, so that further improvement in crushing efficiency, discharge performance, fuel consumption, etc. Can be expected.

  In the above embodiment, the auxiliary crushing part screen 105 is provided in order to improve the discharge performance on the sub crushing part B side. However, when only the screen 38 is sufficient, the sub crushing part screen 105 is used. May be omitted. Also, regarding the size and shape of the discharge hole on the side of the sub-crushing part B, and the thickness of the screen, the same configuration as the side of the main crushing part A is necessary if it is not necessary to make a difference from the side of the main crushing part A with the aim of improving dischargeability. As good.

  Moreover, in the above embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a wood crusher capable of traveling on its own has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a mobile wood crusher capable of towing and traveling, or for example, The present invention is also applicable to a portable wood crusher that can be lifted and transported by a crane or the like, and a stationary wood crusher that is arranged as a fixed machine in a plant or the like. Moreover, although the case where this invention was applied to the wood crusher which supplies a to-be-crushed wood from a horizontal direction with respect to the crushing rotor which rotates a horizontal axis | shaft was mentioned as an example, the hopper was provided on the crushing apparatus. The present invention is also applicable to a type of wood crusher that supplies wood to be shredded from above to the crushing rotor. In these cases, similar effects can be obtained.

It is a side view which shows the whole structure of the wood crusher which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the whole structure of the wood crusher which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a see-through | perspective side view which shows the principal part structure of the crushing function structure part of the wood crusher which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an arrow line view by the IV-IV line in FIG. It is an arrow view by the VV line in FIG. It is a top view of the anvil with which the wood crusher which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention was equipped, and its holding member. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing the structure of the crushing chamber periphery with which the wood crusher which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention was equipped. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing the structure of the crushing chamber periphery with which the wood crusher which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention was equipped.

Explanation of symbols

12 Feed conveyor 14 Press feeder device 15 Crushing rotor 27 Crushing chamber 34 Anvil (Repulsion plate)
36 crushing bit 38 screen 100 supply unit 101, 101A, B rotating drum 104 projecting member 105 screen for sub crushing unit A main crushing unit B sub crushing unit

Claims (7)

A feeder for supplying wood to be crushed, a crushing rotor arranged with an outer peripheral surface facing a supply portion of a material to be crushed by the feeder, and a crushed piece that circulates in the crushing chamber in a crushing chamber containing the crushing rotor In a wood crusher comprising a repulsion plate provided so as to collide, and a screen having a plurality of discharge holes and arranged to face the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor,
The rotating drum of the crushing rotor is opposite to the feeder of the feeder and has a main crushing portion having a plurality of crushing bits on an outer peripheral surface, and at least one side in the rotation axis direction with respect to the main crushing portion. A sub-crushing part located outside the width of the
The wood crusher is characterized in that the screen is disposed at a position facing at least an outer peripheral surface of the sub crushing portion of the rotating drum.   2. The wood crusher according to claim 1, further comprising a sub crushing part screen on the feeder side facing only the sub crushing part of the crushing rotor.   3. The wood crusher according to claim 1, wherein at least one protruding member is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the sub crushing portion of the crushing rotor.   4. The wood crusher according to claim 1, wherein the screen has a higher opening ratio per unit area in a region facing the sub crushing portion than in a region facing the main crushing portion of the crushing rotor. A wood crusher characterized in that a discharge port is formed.   The wood crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the screen is formed so that a region facing the sub crushing portion is thinner than a region facing the main crushing portion of the crushing rotor. And wood crusher.   The wood crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the crushing rotor has a tapered shape whose diameter increases as it approaches an end portion in a rotation axis direction.   The wood crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the crushing rotor has a stepped shape in which the diameter of the sub crushing part is larger than the diameter of the main crushing part. Machine.

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