JP2010119953A - Deodorization and decomposition material for organic waste and production of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a deodorization and decomposition material for organic wastes which deodorizes and decomposes organic wastes such as night soil, or garbage and for which coffee grounds treated as industrial wastes are used effectively, its production method, and a night soil treatment method. <P>SOLUTION: The deodorization and decomposition material for organic wastes is obtained by mixing and fermenting plant deposits with coffee grounds and deodorizes and decomposes organic wastes such as night soil, or garbage. Just like this, since coffee grounds which are treated as industrial wastes are effectively used, the material meets social demands for consideration of the global environment and the material cost can be suppressed to be low. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a treatment material for organic waste, a method for producing the same, and a treatment method for organic waste.
Specifically, organic waste treatment materials that can deodorize and decompose organic waste such as manure and food waste, and can effectively reuse coffee mash that has been treated as industrial waste, and its It relates to a manufacturing method.

In addition, the present invention relates to a treatment material for organic waste that can be used continuously only by adding a treatment material and a method for producing the treatment material, with little odor at the time of decomposition treatment and without having to take out a residue after treatment from a treatment tank.
Furthermore, it is related with the excrement disposal method using the processing material of the above-mentioned organic waste.

Existing portable toilets that are actually used in general nursing care sites have a unique odor that goes up to the room during excretion and an unsanitary feeling that the excrement can be seen directly during cleaning. Both often feel stressed.

Therefore, recently, a method has been developed in which excreta is solidified with a special coagulant and sealed with a film.

However, a special coagulant is required, and a special film, which is a petroleum product, is necessary. From the viewpoint of protecting earth resources and environmental problems, it is never considered a preferable treatment method.

In recent years, temporary toilets are often used at construction sites, agricultural greenhouses, event venues, and campgrounds.

However, since most of the temporary toilets are of a pumping type, they need to be pumped with a vacuum car, and the smell of excrement can be felt.

Therefore, in recent years, a method has been invented in which sawdust and wood chips inhabiting microorganisms are accommodated in a toilet tank, and manure is decomposed by microorganisms while stirring sawdust and manure (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4). ).
Japanese Patent No. 3160859 Japanese Patent No. 3162025 Japanese Patent No. 3259252 Japanese Patent No. 4105563 Nippon Agricultural Newspaper (October 2, 2008)

However, the above-described microorganism treatment method using sawdust and wood chips has the following problems.

That is, the above-described microorganism treatment method requires microorganisms effective for decomposition and new sawdust and wood chips that are not contaminated with various germs, so that the material cost becomes high. Also, the use of sawdust and wood chips is undesirable because it results in wasting valuable wood resources.

In addition, the odor generated from manure is suppressed to a certain extent compared with the flush toilet, but it is still not enough.

Furthermore, since sawdust and wood chips used for decomposition remain as residues and do not themselves have the ability to decompose organic waste, they must be taken out of the stool several times a year and replaced with new ones. Furthermore, it has been proposed to reuse the used sawdust etc. as compost or fertilizer. However, since sawdust and wood chips contain lignin, they are difficult to decompose and are used as compost and fertilizer. We cannot expect much effectiveness.

Therefore, as a result of research and development to solve the above-mentioned problems, compost fermented with plant deposits and inoculum that has been mixed and fermented with coffee koji and then mixed with coffee koji and then sedimented and fermented Confirm that the deodorized decomposition treatment material of organic waste is excellent in the decomposition ability of organic waste such as excrement and garbage, and that almost no bad odor can be felt during decomposition treatment, and the present invention is completed. It came to.

Means taken by the present invention to achieve the above object are as follows.
Organic waste produced by mixing and fermenting compost fermented with plant-derived sediment and coffee cake and then fermenting and fermenting the grown inoculum, further mixing the coffee cake with fermented coffee, and then re-cultivating the inoculum It is a deodorizing decomposition treatment material. Compost that has been fermented by sedimentation and inoculum that has been mixed and fermented by coffee koji are further mixed and fermented by mixing coffee koji and re-cultivating the inoculum.

Compost fermented with plant sediment is cereal waste, waste culture soil, vegetation, wood chips, and garbage, and is a deodorizing property of organic waste characterized by being a single material or a mixture of two or more of these. It is a decomposition treatment material.

Deodorization of organic waste, characterized by mixing fermented inoculum and coffee lees on plant sediment, fermenting and fermenting, and then stopping the fermentation by drying treatment while continuing re-culture It is a sex decomposition treatment material.

Mixing inoculum and coffee lees grown on plant deposits, fermenting and fermenting, and stopping the fermentation by drying treatment while continuing re-culture, and storing organic waste This is a method for producing a deodorizing decomposition treatment material for organic waste, in which a deodorizing decomposition treatment material for organic waste is put in a container and deodorization, aerobic fermentation and decomposition can be performed by stirring.

The deodorizing decomposition treatment material of the present invention can be obtained by mixing and fermenting plant deposits and coffee lees, and can decompose organic wastes such as manure and garbage. Thus, the fact that plant deposits that have been limitedly used as compost and soil conditioners can be effectively used in other applications can broaden the range of use and lead to cost reduction.

The raw materials for plant deposits are cereal waste, waste soil, vegetation, wood chips, crop residues, and garbage, but are not limited to these.

In addition, with respect to coffee mackerel, the main odor-causing substance of human manure is ammonia, and ammonia has the property of being extremely soluble in water, so the moisture content ratio (percentage of moisture content relative to the dry matter weight) is 60%. ~ 20% is desirable. In the case of a moisture content ratio exceeding 60%, when urine is added, the moisture becomes close to saturation, the fermentation heat does not increase, the urine does not dry, and an unpleasant odor is generated. Moreover, in the case of the moisture content ratio less than 20%, there is a tendency that the moisture is insufficient, the fermentation is delayed, and the decomposition of the organic waste is delayed.

When the deodorizing decomposition treatment material is used for the treatment of manure, garbage, etc., the bad odor during the treatment is hardly felt. Moreover, it is not necessary to take out the residue after processing from the container storing the organic waste, and the organic waste can be continuously deodorized and decomposed by newly adding a treatment material.

For this reason, cereal waste, waste soil, vegetation, wood chips, and garbage, which are components of deodorizing decomposition treatment materials, become useful nutrients for microorganisms that decompose organic waste. It can be inferred that it decomposes into water, carbon dioxide gas, etc., and absorbs and decomposes the nutrients contained in the treatment material, resulting in a decrease in the volume in the treatment tank after treatment.

The organic waste deodorizing and decomposing treatment material according to the present invention is considered not only due to the action of bacteria that inhabit plant deposits but also many other microorganisms. For example, as described in Comparative Example 1, although it takes time, the organic waste can be decomposed with just coffee mash. This is thought to be due to the aerobic action of microorganisms that inhabit the coffee bowl and microorganisms that inhabit the intestines and promoted decomposition.

However, it is not yet clear which microorganisms play a central role in the deodorizing decomposition treatment material and which microorganisms are not related to deodorization and decomposition.

This is because there are innumerable types of microorganisms in plant deposits (compost), and it is difficult to specify their functions for each type of microorganisms in a short time. Furthermore, it may be possible that there is only one type of bacteria that specifically decomposes organic matter or the interaction of several types of bacteria, and the type of bacteria that decomposes first differs from the type that decomposes later.

(A) The organic waste deodorizing decomposition treatment material according to the present invention is obtained by aerobic fermentation of a culture medium, and can deodorize and decompose organic waste such as manure and garbage. As described above, since the culture medium treated as industrial waste can be used effectively, it is possible to meet the social demand for the preservation of the global environment and to keep the material cost low.

(B) If the deodorizing decomposition material for organic waste according to the present invention is used for the treatment of organic waste such as manure and garbage, almost no bad odor is felt during the treatment, and the organic waste It is not necessary to take out the residue after the treatment, and it can be used continuously if a treatment material is added.
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to these.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention.

The case of manufacturing compost fermented with plant deposits will be described below.
1) Plant deposits were cereal waste, waste soil, vegetation, wood chips, crop residues, and garbage, and a total amount of 10 m ³ was piled in one corner of the field for about one year. During this time, the excavator was turned around once a month to promote aerobic fermentation.

2) This was moved by a truck onto a concrete floor with another roof and good air permeability, and deposited for another year. During this time, the excavator was turned around once a month to promote aerobic fermentation.

3) Then, after the aerobic fermentation has converged after the last turnover, the deposit is spread on the concrete floor with a thickness of about 30 cm, and is naturally dried to forcibly stop the fermentation, and the target plant The compost which fermented the sediment was obtained.

The method of adjusting coffee mash is shown.
150L of industrial waste coffee lees (180% of moisture content with respect to dry matter weight) discharged from canned coffee manufacturing plant is procured, spread on a sunny concrete floor sheet and dried in the sun. The moisture content was adjusted within the range of 50% to 20%.

It shows about the manufacturing method of a deodorizing decomposition processing material.
Mix 10L compost fermented with the above plant deposits and 30L coffee moisturized water in a plastic boat, add water to make it clump with your palm, and once every two days While performing reversal, sedimentation fermentation was carried out for about one week. Then, it was spread to a thickness of about 10 cm, air-dried in a well-ventilated shade, fermentation was stopped, and a first generation deodorizing decomposition treatment material was obtained.

It shows about the re-culture method of a deodorizing decomposition processing material.
Mix 10L of the first-generation deodorizing decomposition treatment material 40L and 30L of new coffee cake in a plastic boat, add water so that it can be clumped by the palm and added 1 The sedimentation fermentation was carried out for about 1 week while turning back and forth. Then, it was spread to a thickness of about 10 cm, air-dried in a well-ventilated shade, fermentation was stopped, and a second generation deodorizing decomposition treatment material was obtained.
Thereafter, third-generation, fourth-generation and fifth-generation deodorizing decomposition treatment materials were obtained in the same manner.

A method for culturing the inoculum for storage will be described.
Mix 10L of compost fermented with plant deposits and 30L of organic material (rice bran) consisting of cereal ingredients in a plastic boat, add water to the extent that you can hold it in your palm and clump together, once every two days While performing reversal, sedimentation fermentation was carried out for about one week. Thereafter, it was spread to a thickness of about 10 cm, air-dried in a well-ventilated shade, and fermentation was stopped to obtain an inoculum for storage. Furthermore, 30 L of rice bran that became 10 L of compost fermented with plant deposits was fermented and air-dried in the same manner to obtain an inoculum for storage.

The usage method 1 as a manure processing material is shown.
Among the above-mentioned first generation to fifth generation deodorizing decomposition treatment materials, a randomly selected fifth generation deodorization decomposition processing material 5 L (percentage of moisture content with respect to dry matter weight is about 40%) of 15 L capacity. It was put in a plastic bucket and a human feces urine decomposition test was conducted. Specifically, about 160 g of human feces and about 200 cc of urine were put in the morning and stirred with a deodorizing decomposition treatment material with a small scoop so as to wrap the excrement with the treatment material.

In the evening, about 200 cc of urine was added again, and the treatment material containing the excreta was stirred. The next morning, about 160 g of human feces and 200 cc of urine were put again in the same plastic bucket, stirred in the same manner, and about 200 cc of urine was put again in the evening.

Although this test was carried out for 3 consecutive days (total of 480 g of human feces and 1,240 cc of urine was added), almost no unpleasant odor of human excrement was felt, About 80% decomposed and disappeared, and finally all human feces were decomposed and disappeared. Furthermore, when the weight was measured, the weight (1,640 g) of the first deodorized decomposition treatment material increased during the period of human feces and urine input, but began to decrease from the fourth day when the input was stopped. On the day, the weight (1,640 g) of the first deodorizing decomposition treatment material was interrupted (1,610 g), and it was confirmed that the deodorizing decomposition treatment material itself was decomposed and decreased.

The usage method 2 as a manure processing material is shown.
10 L of compost fermented with plant deposits and 30 L of coffee lees were mixed in a plastic boat, and 5 L was taken out without fermentation and placed in a 15 L capacity poly bucket, and a human feces urine decomposition test was carried out. Specifically, about 170 g of human feces and about 220 cc of urine were put in the morning and stirred with a deodorizing decomposition treatment material with a small scoop so that excrement was wrapped with the treatment material.

In the evening, about 220 cc of urine was added again, and the treatment material containing the excreta was stirred. The next morning, about 170 g of human feces and 220 cc of urine were again put in the same plastic bucket, stirred in the same manner, and about 220 cc of urine was added again in the evening. Although this test was carried out for 3 consecutive days (total of 530 g of human feces and 1,360 cc of urine was added), almost no unpleasant smell of human feces was felt, and human feces put in the morning About 70% decomposed and disappeared. However, compared with Example 1, the way of raising the initial fermentation heat was slow, and therefore the decomposition of human excreta was delayed about 1 day.

The usage method 3 as a manure processing material is shown.
Of the above-mentioned first to fifth generation deodorizing decomposition treatment materials, a randomly selected fifth generation deodorizing decomposition treatment material 3 L (percentage of moisture content with respect to dry matter weight is about 40%) of 15 L capacity It was put in a plastic bucket and a human feces urine decomposition test was conducted.

Specifically, about 160 g of human feces and about 200 cc of urine were put in the morning and stirred with a deodorizing decomposition treatment material with a small scoop so as to wrap the excrement with the treatment material. In the evening, about 200 cc of urine was added again, and the treatment material containing the excreta was stirred.

The next morning, about 160 g of human feces and 200 cc of urine were put again in the same plastic bucket, stirred in the same manner, and about 200 cc of urine was put again in the evening. At the time when two days have passed, the deodorizing decomposition treatment material in the polybucket becomes saturated with the water generated by the decomposition of organic waste and the water of urine, the fermentation heat does not increase, Since decomposition was delayed by 2 days and odor of urine was also generated, the third day was not carried out.

Moreover, in order to investigate the capability of this deodorizing decomposition processing material, the following comparative example was implemented.
“Comparative Example 1”

The case where only coffee lees are used as a manure treatment material is shown.
A human urine decomposition test was carried out by putting 5 L of coffee mash only (percentage of moisture content with respect to the dry weight of about 40%) without mixing plant deposits in a 15 L-volume plastic bucket. Specifically, about 180 g of human feces and about 220 cc of urine were put in the morning and stirred with a deodorizing decomposition treatment material with a small scoop so as to wrap the excrement with the treatment material.

In the evening, about 220 cc of urine was added again, and the treatment material containing the excreta was stirred. The next morning, about 180 g of human feces and 220 cc of urine were again put in the same plastic bucket, stirred in the same manner, and about 220 cc of urine was put again in the evening. Although this test was carried out for 3 consecutive days (total of 540 g of human feces and 1,320 cc of urine was added), until day 1.5, the unpleasant smell of human feces was hardly felt. However, the human feces that had been introduced so far was not degraded much.

After that, the degradation of human feces gradually progressed, but the unpleasant smell of urine became tight. Even without mixing plant deposits, human feces and urine can be finally decomposed by the action of aerobic bacteria in the intestine, but compared with Example 1, the way of raising the initial fermentation heat is also slow, Therefore, the decomposition of human excreta was delayed by about 2 days, and a foul odor was generated for 3 days or more.
“Comparative Example 2”

The case where only plant deposits are used as a manure treatment material is shown.
5 L of plant sediment alone (percentage of moisture content with respect to the weight of dry matter), not mixed with coffee lees, was placed in a 15 L capacity plastic bucket, and a human feces urine decomposition test was performed. Specifically, about 180 g of human feces and about 220 cc of urine were put in the morning and stirred with a deodorizing decomposition treatment material with a small scoop so as to wrap the excrement with the treatment material.

In the evening, about 220 cc of urine was added again, and the treatment material containing the excreta was stirred. The next morning, about 180 g of human feces and 220 cc of urine were again put in the same plastic bucket, stirred in the same manner, and about 220 cc of urine was put again in the evening. Although this test was carried out for 3 consecutive days (total of 540 g of human feces and 1,320 cc of urine was added), almost no unpleasant smell of human excrement was felt, About 90% decomposed and disappeared, and finally human feces were almost decomposed and disappeared. However, in the first stage, the fine particles mixed in the plant deposits soared during stirring, and contaminated the polybucket, the floor of the room, and the walls.

Note that the terms and expressions used in the present specification are merely explanatory and are not restrictive, and do not exclude terms and expressions equivalent to the above terms and expressions.

Indicates the structure of the portable toilet and the input position of the deodorizing decomposition treatment material. Are immediately after the human feces are put into the deodorizing decomposition treatment material (a) and when human feces are decomposed 24 hours later (b). These show the change of the elapsed days and the total weight in a polybucket when human excrement is thrown into the deodorizing decomposition processing material which concerns on Example 1. FIG. These show the change of the elapsed days and fermentation temperature in a polybucket when human excrement is thrown into the deodorizing decomposition processing material which concerns on Example 1. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1. Portable toilet 2. 2. Deodorizing decomposition treatment material Organic waste (human excreta) (immediately after input)
4). Organic waste (human excreta) (after decomposition)
5). Toilet bowl

Claims (7)

A deodorizing and decomposing treatment material for organic waste, characterized in that compost fermented with plant sediment and coffee cake are mixed and fermented. Compost fertilized with plant sediments and coffee lees mixed and fermented with fermented seeds, and then propagated inoculum and further mixed with coffee lees to ferment and ferment the inoculum. A deodorizing decomposition material for organic waste.
The compost fermented with the plant sediment according to claim 1 or 2 is cereal waste, waste soil, vegetation, wood chips, crop residue, garbage, alone or a mixture of two or more thereof. Deodorizing decomposition material for organic waste The coffee lees according to claim 1 have a moisture content ratio (percentage of moisture content to dry matter weight) of 60% to 20%, and a ratio of vegetable deposits of 1 (coffee cake): 1 (vegetable deposits) to 10 (Coffee cake): A deodorizing decomposition treatment material for organic waste, characterized in that it is 1 (vegetable deposit). In Claim 2, the inoculum and the coffee cake which grew to the plant sediment are mixed, fermented and fermented, and further, the fermentation is temporarily stopped by performing a drying process in the course of continuing the re-culture. A deodorizing decomposition material for organic waste. Organic waste, characterized by mixing fermented inoculum and coffee lees on plant sediment, fermenting and then fermenting, and stopping fermentation by performing a drying process while continuing re-cultivation Of producing a deodorizing decomposition treatment material. The container for storing organic waste is charged with the deodorizing decomposition treatment material for organic waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, so that deodorization, aerobic fermentation and decomposition can be performed by stirring. The manufacturing method of the deodorizing decomposition processing material of the organic waste characterized by the above-mentioned.

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