JP2010115763A - Cutting tool and chip sucking/recovering system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting tool capable of effectively discharging clogged chips and also a chip recovering system capable of preventing a situation where normal cutting becomes impossible by monitoring the clogging degree of the chips inside the cutting tool. <P>SOLUTION: The body 6 of the cutting tool C has an hollow part 7 formed in the inner part thereof for sucking the cutting chips generated by cutting and discharge holes 10, 10 bored on the sides thereof for discharging the cutting chips. In the hollow portion 7 of the body 6, a cylindrically-shaped stepped sleeve 9 in which one side of the outer periphery is thin-walled is disposed slidably for opening and closing of the discharge holes 10, 10. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting tool that cuts a workpiece while being mounted on a rotating spindle of a machine tool, and to a chip suction and recovery system used for the cutting tool.

  As a cutting tool that is mounted on a rotating spindle of a machine tool and processes a workpiece, a hollow portion is provided in an interior adjacent to a cutting blade as disclosed in Patent Document 1, and cutting is performed by a suction device using the hollow portion. What collects the generated chips is known.

  FIG. 4 shows a collection system that sucks and collects chips using a cutting tool provided with a cavity. The cutting tool 1 provided with a hollow portion 52 is installed in a machine tool in a state where a rear end side is gripped by a rotating main shaft 55, and the hollow portion 52 is connected to a suction device 54 via a suction path 53. And connected. In such a recovery system, chips generated at a processing point (tip of the cutting blade) are recovered by the suction device 54 through the cavity 52 and the suction path 53 of the cutting tool 51 due to the negative pressure generated by the suction device 54. It has become so. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the chips generated at the cutting point from being scattered around.

JP-A-11-254283

  However, in the above-described conventional chip collection system, if chips are clogged inside the cutting tool or the suction path, the chip generated at the processing point will not be escaped, and normal cutting will not be possible, resulting in damage to the cutting tool. There was a case.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool that solves the problems of the above-described conventional cutting tool and chip recovery system and can efficiently discharge clogged chips to the outside. It is another object of the present invention to provide a chip recovery system capable of preventing a situation in which normal cutting cannot be performed by monitoring the degree of chip clogging in a cutting tool.

  Among the present inventions, the invention described in claim 1 is a cutting tool for cutting a workpiece with a cutting blade at the tip in a state of being mounted on a rotating spindle of a machine tool, and sucks chips generated by cutting. Therefore, an opening is formed in the vicinity of the cutting blade, a cavity communicating with the opening is formed inside, and a tool body having discharge holes for discharging chips on the side surfaces, and both ends And a sleeve body slidably installed so as to open and close the discharge hole inside the tool main body.

  The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, the sleeve body is a stepped sleeve having a thin outer periphery on one side.

  The invention described in claim 3 is a chip suction and recovery system comprising the cutting tool according to claim 1 or 2 and a suction device for sucking air from a cavity of the cutting tool. An air pressure gauge is provided in the suction path of the suction device, and it is determined whether or not chips are clogged in the suction path based on the air pressure measured by the air pressure gauge. Is.

  The cutting tool described in claim 1 is clogged in the cavity by moving the sleeve body and opening the discharge hole by causing air to flow back into the cavity (discharging from the suction device side to the tool side). Chips can be easily discharged to the outside. Therefore, according to the cutting tool described in the first aspect, it is possible to maintain a normal cutting state by causing air to flow back into the cavity at a predetermined timing, thereby preventing damage.

  In the cutting tool according to claim 2, since the sleeve body moves smoothly and surely when air is caused to flow back into the cavity, and the discharge hole is opened, the cutting efficiency is kept high. Damage can be reliably prevented.

  According to the chip suction and recovery system described in claim 3, it becomes possible to quickly detect the clogging of the chip, prevent a situation in which normal cutting cannot be performed, and prevent damage to the cutting tool. be able to.

  Hereinafter, a cutting tool and a chip recovery system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[Configuration of cutting tool and chip recovery system]
FIG. 1 shows an outline of a cutting tool according to the present invention and a chip recovery system using the cutting tool. The recovery system S is a cutting tool installed on a spindle 13 of a machine tool (not shown). The suction device 15 includes a tool C and a rotary pump, the suction path 14 includes a steel pipe, a rubber tube, and the like, the pressure gauge 16 and the like.

  The cutting tool C includes a tool body 6 and a stepped sleeve 9 built in the tool body 6. The tool body 6 is formed in a long cylindrical shape with metal, and a cutting blade 8 is provided at the tip, and an opening 17 is formed in a portion adjacent to the squib surface of the cutting blade 8. . In addition, a cylindrical cavity 7 is provided inside the tool body 6 and is connected to the opening 17. Furthermore, the inner diameter of the distal end side (the side closer to the opening 17) of the cavity portion 7 is smaller than the inner side (the base end side, the upper side in FIG. 1), and the small diameter portion 7b and the large diameter on the inner side. A step 18 is formed at the boundary with the portion 7a. Further, in the portion close to the step 18 of the large-diameter portion 7a of the cavity portion 7, two circular discharge holes 10, 10 are formed so as to be symmetric with respect to the axis of the tool body 6, A stop pin 12 is provided so as to protrude inward slightly behind the one discharge hole 10. On the other hand, a circular air vent hole 11 is formed on the back side adjacent to the step 18. Note that the diameter of the air vent hole 11 is sufficiently smaller than the diameter of the discharge hole 10.

  On the other hand, FIG. 2 shows a stepped sleeve 9, which is formed in a cylindrical shape with metal, and by making one side (side closer to the cutting blade 8) thin, A step 19 is formed in the middle. Note that the width (vertical width) of the thick portion of the stepped sleeve 9 is larger than the length from the lower end of the retaining pin 12 to the lower end of the discharge hole 10 and larger than the length from the lower end of the discharge hole 10 to the step 18. Designed to be smaller. Further, since the stepped sleeve 9 is thin on one side as described above, the area of the upper end (area of the donut-shaped portion A) is larger than the area of the lower end (area of the donut-shaped portion B). It has become.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting tool C is installed in a machine tool (not shown) with the rotating main shaft 13 gripping the rear end side. The cavity 7 of the tool body 6 is connected to the suction device 15 through the suction path 14. A pressure gauge 16 is connected to the tip of the suction path 14.

[Cutting of workpieces using collection system S]
When the workpiece is cut by the cutting tool C using the recovery system S, the cutting tool C is rotated around the axis of the main shaft 13 to cut the workpiece by the cutting blade 8 and the suction device 15 is used. Operate. When the suction device 15 is operated in this manner, the cavity 7 and the suction path 14 of the tool main body 6 become negative pressure, and chips generated by cutting the workpiece due to the negative pressure are generated in the cavity 7 of the tool main body 6. Then, it passes through the suction path 14 and is collected in a dust box (not shown). When the workpiece is cut, the pressure (air pressure) value detected by the pressure gauge 16 is monitored.

  When chips are clogged during the cutting of the workpiece as described above, the pressure (negative pressure) of the cavity 7 and the suction path 14 decreases. When the numerical value (air pressure) of the pressure gauge 16 decreases as the pressure of the cavity 7 and the suction path 14 decreases, the controller (not shown) determines that “abnormality has occurred in suction”, and the suction device 15 Stop. Thereafter, the suction device 15 is rotated in the reverse direction so that air flows back into the cavity 7 and the suction path 14 of the tool body 6.

  When air flows back into the cavity 7 of the tool body 6, the pressure in the cavity 7 increases. When the pressure in the cavity 7 increases as described above, the area of the upper end of the stepped sleeve 9 is larger than the area of the lower end of the stepped sleeve 9, so that (Lower side in 1) is generated (Pascal principle). Therefore, the stepped sleeve 9 moves (slides) to the distal end side of the tool body 6 in the cavity 7 as shown in FIG. Then, the step 19 on the outer periphery stops when it comes into contact with the step 18 formed on the inner wall of the tool body 6. Since the air vent hole 11 is formed above the step 18 of the tool body 6, the closed space below the stepped sleeve 9 (that is, the outer periphery of the stepped sleeve 9, the step 18 The stepped sleeve 9 does not easily slide due to the compression of the air in the lower surface of the inner space, the inner peripheral wall of the cavity 7, and the space closed by the upper surface of the step 19.

  When the stepped sleeve 9 moves in the direction of the tip of the tool body 6 as described above, the discharge holes 10 and 10 on the side surface of the cutting tool 6 are opened. Therefore, the chips clogged in the cavity 7 or the suction path 14 are discharged to the outside together with the air, and the clogging of the chips is eliminated.

  After the clogging of chips is eliminated, the cavity 7 and the suction path 14 are again sucked by the suction device 15. When the pressure in the cavity 7 is reduced by the resumption of the suction, the area of the upper end of the stepped sleeve 9 is larger than the area of the lower end. Thrust is generated. Therefore, the stepped sleeve 9 moves (slides) to the back side of the tool body 6 in the cavity 7 as shown in FIG. Then, the upper end is stopped by contacting the stop pin 12.

  When the stepped sleeve 9 slides to the back side of the tool body 6 in such a manner, the discharge holes 10 and 10 provided on the side surface of the cutting tool 6 are closed. Therefore, air flows into the hollow portion 7 only from the opening portion 17, and chips are normally sucked.

[Effect of cutting tool of embodiment]
As described above, the cutting tool C has a tool body 6 in which the cavity portion 7 is formed and discharge holes 10 and 10 are formed in the side surface, and the tool body 6 is slidable to open and close the discharge holes 10 and 10. Since the stepped sleeve 9 is slid by reversing air into the hollow portion 7 and the discharge holes 10 and 10 are opened, the hollow portion is formed. 7 can be easily discharged to the outside. Therefore, according to the cutting tool C, a normal cutting state can be maintained, and damage can be prevented.

  In the cutting tool C, since the stepped sleeve 9 has a thin outer periphery on one side, the stepped sleeve 9 smoothly and reliably when air flows back into the cavity 7. Since the discharge holes 10 are opened by sliding, damage can be reliably prevented while maintaining high cutting efficiency.

  On the other hand, in the chip suction and recovery system S, the pressure gauge 16 is provided in the suction path 14 of the suction device 15, and when the air pressure measured by the pressure gauge 16 decreases, the suction path (that is, the cavity portion 7). Since it is determined that the chips are clogged in the suction path 14), it is possible to quickly detect clogging of the chips, preventing a situation where normal cutting cannot be performed, and preventing damage to the cutting tool C in advance. can do.

  The configuration of the cutting tool and chip recovery system according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and may be appropriately changed as necessary within the scope of the present invention. Can do. For example, the chip recovery system according to the present invention is not limited to the one that discharges clogged chips by backflowing air as in the above embodiment, but the one that discharges clogged chips by backflowing liquid, etc. But it ’s okay.

  Further, the cutting tool according to the present invention is not limited to the one in which the sleeve body in which the outer periphery on one side is formed in a thin shape is installed inside as in the above-described embodiment, and the tool body (6) has a hollow portion (there is no step) 7) and a sleeve body in which the areas of both ends (areas of donuts) are made different by providing a taper (inclined part) on the inner periphery may be used. In addition, the cutting tool according to the present invention is not limited to the one in which the cylindrical sleeve body slides in the columnar cavity as in the above-described embodiment, but the elliptical or prismatic cavity in the cavity. It is also possible to change the cylindrical sleeve body that matches the shape to slide.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the cutting tool and chip collection system of an Example. It is explanatory drawing (perspective view) which shows a sleeve body. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that a sleeve body moves the inside of a cutting tool. It is explanatory drawing which shows the conventional cutting tool and the collection system of chips.

Explanation of symbols

C. Cutting tool 6. Tool body 7. Cavity 8. Cutting blade 9. Stepped sleeve (sleeve body)
10 .... Discharge hole 13 .... Spindle 14 .... Suction path 15 .... Suction device 16 .... Pressure gauge 19 .... Step

Claims (3)

A cutting tool for cutting a workpiece with a cutting blade at the tip in a state of being mounted on a rotating spindle of a machine tool,
An opening is formed in the vicinity of the cutting blade in order to suck chips generated by cutting, a cavity communicating with the opening is formed inside, and a discharge hole for discharging chips is formed in the side surface. A tool body;
A cutting tool, which is formed in a cylindrical shape having different areas at both ends, and comprises a sleeve body movably installed so as to open and close the discharge hole inside the tool body.   The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve body is a stepped sleeve having a thin outer periphery on one side. A chip suction and recovery system comprising the cutting tool according to claim 1 or 2, and a suction device for sucking air from a cavity of the cutting tool,
An air pressure gauge is provided in the suction path by the suction device, and the presence or absence of chip clogging in the suction path is determined based on the air pressure measured by the air pressure gauge. Suction collection system.

Images