JP2007196309A - Cutting tool breakage inspecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inspect a breakage and a wrong fitting of a plurality of cutting tools at one time, by simply and surely detecting the breakage for cutting tools different in length. <P>SOLUTION: An inspection unit 32 of the cutting tool breakage inspecting device 10 includes: a cutting tool abutting part 44 moved from the initial position corresponding to the length of the rotary tool 22 when being pressed by the tips of a plurality of rotary tools 22: cylinders 54 pressurized corresponding to the movement of each cutting tool abutting part 44; a collecting passage 56 communicated with the respective cylinders 54; a pressure sensor 58 for detecting the pressure of the collecting passage 56; and a control part 36 for checking the presence/absence of breakage of the rotary tools 22 based upon a change in pressure of the collecting passage 56 detected by the pressure sensor 58. A pressure adjusting part 60 temporarily pressurizes the interior of the cylinder 54 to return the cutting tool 44 to the initial position when the rotary tool 22 is in the non-contact state to the cutting tool abutting part 44, and after that, sets the cylinder 54 to the initial pressure. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus for detecting whether or not a long-shaped cutting tool is broken.

  Long cutting tools such as fine boring and drills may break due to unforeseen circumstances, and if the cutting tool breaks when performing automatic machining using these cutting tools, the breakage is quickly detected. Thus, it is desirable to replace the blade.

  In order to automatically detect breakage of such a long blade, for example, in the blade breakage inspection apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the fluid passage is formed by pressing the operation portion of the switching valve with the tip of the blade. The atmosphere is switched between open and closed, and the pressure switch detects that the pressure of the fluid passage changes in conjunction with this operation. According to this device, since the switching valve is not operated when the cutting tool is broken, it can be detected by the pressure switch that there is no pressure change in the fluid passage, and the cutting tool is broken based on this. Can be automatically detected.

Japanese Patent No. 3431837

  By the way, in the cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the presence of the cutting tool having a specified length allows the pressure switch to be operated via the pressure of the switching valve and the fluid passage, and the different lengths. It cannot be applied to other cutting tools. That is, when the length is shorter than the specified length, the switching valve cannot be operated, and when the length is longer, the switching valve interferes with a portion other than the operation portion of the switching valve.

  Also, depending on the type of workpiece, a multi-axis cutting unit having a plurality of rotary tools may be used to improve the machining efficiency. However, in the above-mentioned blade tool breakage inspection apparatus, individual devices corresponding to each blade tool Need to be provided, which complicates the configuration.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such a problem, and can be applied to cutting tools having different lengths, and can detect a length error due to breakage or erroneous attachment in a simple and reliable manner. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool breakage inspection device.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus that can inspect breakage of a plurality of cutting tools at once with a simple configuration.

  The cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus according to the present invention includes a cutting tool contact portion that moves from an initial position according to the length of the cutting tool when the tip of the cutting tool is pressed, and pressurization or decompression by movement of the cutting tool contact section. A fluid chamber, a pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the fluid chamber, and a determination unit that examines breakage of the blade based on a change in pressure of the fluid chamber detected by the pressure sensor. And

  As described above, the pressure change corresponding to the length of the blade is correctly generated by detecting the change in the pressure of the fluid chamber pressurized (or reduced in pressure) according to the movement of the blade contact portion by the pressure sensor. Thus, it can be inspected reliably that there is no breakage.

  In this case, when the blade is in non-contact with the blade contact portion, the fluid chamber is temporarily pressurized or depressurized so as to return the blade contact portion to the initial position, and then the fluid You may have the pressure adjustment part which sets a chamber to a regular initial pressure.

  According to such a pressure adjusting unit, the blade tool abutting portion is reliably returned to the initial position before the inspection, so that an accurate inspection is possible. In addition, since the fluid chamber is set to an appropriate initial pressure during the inspection, an excessive reaction force is not applied to the blade tool when the fluid chamber is pressed against the blade tool contact portion.

  The cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus according to the present invention adds a plurality of cutting tool abutting parts that move from an initial position according to the length of the cutting tool by the pressing of the tip of each cutting tool, and the movement of each cutting tool contact part. A plurality of fluid chambers to be pressurized or depressurized, collecting passages communicating with each fluid chamber, a pressure sensor for detecting pressure of the collecting passage or the fluid chamber, and the collecting passage or the fluid detected by the pressure sensor And a judgment unit for examining breakage of the cutting tool based on a change in pressure in the chamber.

  Thus, by moving each blade tool in contact with the corresponding blade tool contact portion, a change in pressurization (or pressure reduction) of each fluid chamber can be comprehensively detected by the pressure sensor of the collecting passage. With a simple configuration, it is possible to inspect breakage of a plurality of cutting tools at once.

  According to the cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to cope with the length of the cutting tool by detecting the change in the pressure of the fluid chamber that is pressurized (or reduced in pressure) in accordance with the movement of the cutting tool with the pressure sensor. If the generated pressure change is correctly generated, it can be reliably inspected that there is no breakage, and can be applied to cutting tools having different lengths.

  Further, according to the blade breakage inspection apparatus according to the present invention, the change in pressurization (or depressurization) of each fluid chamber is caused by the pressure of the collecting passage by moving each blade in contact with the corresponding blade contact portion. It can be detected comprehensively with sensors. At this time, if any one or more cutting tools are broken, the pressure in the collecting path does not generate a predetermined pressure change, and a plurality of cutting tools are inspected at once based on the value of the pressure sensor. be able to.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is applied to the multi-axis cutting unit 20 of the unit exchange type machine tool 11.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the unit replaceable machine tool 11 is a machine tool that processes a workpiece 12 and is provided in the vicinity of a transfer line 14. The unit exchange type machine tool 11 has a rotary index device 18 having six arms 16, and can rotate intermittently by 60 °, and positions any one of the arms 16 in the direction of the conveyance line 14. be able to. A multi-axis cutting unit 20 for processing the workpiece 12 is provided at the tip of the arm 16.

  The workpiece 12 is conveyed on the conveyance line 14 and stopped and fixed on the front surface of the unit exchange type machine tool 11. At this time, the multi-axis cutting unit 20 approaches the workpiece 12, and a plurality of places are processed at once by a plurality of rotary tools 22 (see FIG. 2) provided in the multi-axis cutting unit 20. After the machining is finished by the predetermined multi-axis cutting unit 20 and the multi-axis cutting unit 20 is retracted, the rotary index device 18 is intermittently rotated to make the other multi-axis cutting unit 20 face the workpiece 12. Thereafter, the workpiece 12 is machined by the multi-axis cutting unit 20 newly opposed to the workpiece 12. In this way, the workpiece 12 is machined up to six times by one unit-replaceable machine tool 11. Further, the workpiece 12 can be simultaneously machined from the unit exchange type machine tools 11 on both sides at the stopped position.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the multi-axis cutting unit 20 has a square box shape, and a plurality of rotary tools (blade tools) 22 are provided on a front plate 21 having a large area. Each rotary tool 22 is rotatably supported by a spindle housing 23 protruding from the front plate 21. An input shaft that is driven by the rotation shaft of the arm 16 is provided inside the multi-axis cutting unit 20 and rotates an internal gear mechanism. Each rotary tool 22 is rotationally driven by this gear mechanism. In FIG. 2 and the like, the rotary tool 22 representatively shows a drill, but the cutting tool to be inspected for breakage in the cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus 10 is not limited to this, and long tools such as fine boring, reamer, tap and rough boring. It is possible to inspect a proper cutting tool.

  The cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus 10 breaks the rotary tool 22 of one multi-axis cutting unit 20 arranged on the left rear side in FIG. 1 among the six multi-axis cutting units 20 of the unit replaceable machine tool 11. It is an apparatus that automatically detects whether or not there is a unit-replaceable machine tool 11 and is disposed in the vicinity of the left rear.

  The blade breakage inspection device 10 includes an index device 30 that rotates intermittently at intervals of 120 °, three inspection units 32 provided at intervals of 120 ° provided in the index device 30, and multi-axis cutting in which the inspection units 32 are arranged to face each other. It has an advancing / retreating mechanism 34 for advancing / retreating the machining unit 20 and a control unit (determination unit) 36 for overall control. The control unit 36 is also connected to the unit exchange type machine tool 11, and can recognize which multi-axis cutting unit 20 is disposed in front of the cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus 10.

  The three inspection units 32 are configured to be able to inspect whether any one or more of the rotary tools 22 among the six multi-axis cutting units 20 are broken. The control unit 36 controls the direction of the index device 30 so as to selectively dispose a tool capable of inspecting breakage of the cutting tool of the shaft cutting unit 20. For example, when three inspection units 32 are distinguished from 32a, 32b and 32c and six multi-axis cutting units 20 are distinguished from 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e and 20f, the inspection unit 32a is multi-axis cutting. Corresponding to the units 20a and 20b, the inspection unit 32b may correspond to the multi-axis cutting units 20c and 20d, and the inspection unit 32c may correspond to the multi-axis cutting units 20e and 20f. Depending on the position and model of the rotary tool 22 of each multi-axis cutting unit 20, there may be a case that the three inspection units 32 cannot handle, but in such a case, the multi-axis cutting unit 20 It is preferable to use the blade breakage inspection apparatus 10 provided with the inspection unit 32 in the index apparatus 30 having 4 to 6 arms according to the type.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the inspection unit 32a has the same rectangular front plate 40 so as to face the front plate 21 of the multi-axis cutting unit 20a, and from the front plate 40 toward the front (in the direction of arrow A1). A plurality of protruding rods 42, a blade abutting portion 44 provided at the tip of each rod 42, and a blade tool abutting portion 44 fitted into each rod 42 so as to be separated from the front plate 40 toward the front. And an elastically biased spring 46. Hereinafter, a set of the rod 42, the blade contact portion 44 and the spring 46 is referred to as a rod body 50.

  As apparent from FIG. 3, the rod body 50 is disposed in front of the opposing rotary tool 22, and the blade tool abutting portion 44 contacts the tip of the rotary tool 22 when the rod body 50 advances to the front by the advance / retreat mechanism 34. -It will press and the blade contact part 44 will move according to the length of the rotary tool 22 from an initial position. Each rod body 50 has the same length, and has a length corresponding to the longest of the corresponding rotary tools 22.

  Since the inspection unit 32a is applied to both the multi-axis cutting units 20a and 20b, the rod body 50 is provided at a position corresponding to all the rotary tools 22 of both. Therefore, for example, when the multi-axis cutting unit 20a is provided with six rotary tools 22, and the multi-axis cutting unit 20b is provided with seven or more rotary tools 22, When the cutting unit 20a is inspected, the cutting tool abutting portion 44 of some of the rod bodies 50 is not pressed. Thus, by providing the rod body 50 redundantly, it is applicable to a plurality of multi-axis cutting units 20 and versatility is improved.

  As is clear from FIG. 3, when the rotary tool 22a is thin, the rod 42 of the corresponding rod body 50a is thin, and a weak spring is used as the spring 46 to be inserted. Conversely, when the rotary tool 22b is thick, the rod 42 of the corresponding rod body 50b is thick, and a strong spring is used as the spring 46 to be inserted. Thereby, when pressing the cutting tool contact portion 44, an appropriate spring reaction force corresponding to the thickness of the rotary tool 22 is generated, and an excessive force is prevented from being applied to the rotary tool 22. It is possible to prevent the rotary tool 22 from being broken during the inspection.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the distal end portion 44 a of the cutting tool abutting portion 44 is formed corresponding to the distal end shape of the rotary tool 22 and has, for example, a conical hole shape. Thereby, a force is not locally applied to the front-end | tip of the rotary tool 22, and the rotary tool 22 can be protected. Further, when the tip portion 44a has a conical hole shape, if a small relief hole 44b is further provided at the deepest portion of the groove, it is possible to prevent force from being applied to the most distal portion of the rotary tool 22. The blade contact portion 44 may be made of a moderately soft material (for example, copper or the like) that does not damage the rotary tool 22.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the inspection unit 32a includes a front plate 40 and a plurality of rod bodies 50, a piston 52 provided at one end of each rod 42, and a cylinder (fluid chamber) in which these pistons 52 slide. ) 54, a collecting path (fluid chamber) 56 that communicates the ends of each cylinder 54 in the direction of arrow A 2, a pressure sensor 58 that detects the pressure in the collecting path 56, and each cylinder via the collecting path 56. The pressure adjusting unit 60 that adjusts the pressure in 54 and the chip discharging unit 61 that drops chips adhering to the rod body 50 are provided. The cylinder 54 has such a length that the rod 42 can sufficiently advance and retract, and when the rotary tool 22 displaces the cutting tool abutting portion 44 to the maximum, the piston 52 abuts on the end of the cylinder 54 in the arrow A2 direction. It is set so that there is no.

  Each cylinder 54 is integrally and parallelly arranged as a cylinder assembly 62. In an initial state (a state shown in FIG. 5) in which the rotary tool 22 is not in contact with each other, each piston 52 has a spring 46 with a blade tool. Due to the action of pushing out the contact portion 44, the cylinder 54 is displaced to the most arrow A1 direction side. Since the cylinder 54, the collecting path 56, and the pressure adjusting unit 60 of the inspection unit 32a are pneumatic circuits and have compressibility, when the blade contact portion 44 is pushed out in the arrow A2 direction by the rotary tool 22, the piston 52 is a cylinder. The air in 54 is compressed and displaced in the direction of arrow A2.

  The pressure adjusting unit 60 includes a pressure source 64, a regulator 66 that sets a predetermined initial pressure based on the pressure source 64, and a switching valve 68. The switching valve 68 can switch the pipeline to three positions under the action of the control unit 36, and any one of the pressure source 64, the regulator 66 and the closing plug 70 connected to the primary side and the secondary side pipeline. Communicate with 60a. The secondary side pipe line 60 a is connected to the collecting path 56. When the internal spool of the pressure adjusting unit 60 is in the first position, the secondary side pipe line 60a is connected to the pressure source 64, the collecting path 56 and the cylinder 54 are pressurized, and the piston 52 is moved to the end of the arrow A1 direction. Can be reliably extruded. Therefore, the rod body 50a (see FIG. 3) using a weak spring 46 can also accurately return the rod 42 to the initial position.

  When the internal spool of the pressure adjusting unit 60 is in the second position, the secondary side pipe line 60a is connected to the regulator 66, and the inside of the collecting path 56 and the cylinder 54 is set to the inspection pressure.

  When the internal spool of the pressure adjusting unit 60 is in the third position, the secondary side pipe line 60a is connected to the closing plug 70, and the collecting path 56 and the cylinder 54 are kept airtight. When the rotary tool 22 presses and displaces the cutting tool abutting portion 44 in this airtight state, the corresponding piston 52 is displaced in the direction of the arrow A2 in accordance with the length of the rotary tool 22, and the pressure in the cylinder 54 is increased. .

  The chip discharge unit 61 includes a switching valve 61a that is switched by the control unit 36, and a nozzle 61b that sprays the pressure fluid supplied from the pressure source 64 through the switching valve 61a onto the rod body 50. According to this chip discharge part 61, the chip attached by discharging a pressure fluid to the spring 46 etc. of the rod body 50 is discharged, and the rod body 50 can be made to act reliably. The chip discharging unit 61 may be provided with a swing mechanism that changes the direction of the nozzle 61b, and the pressure fluid may be sprayed while changing the direction.

  The increase in pressure in the cylinder 54 is comprehensively detected by the pressure sensor 58 of the collecting path 56, and the controller 36 determines whether the rotary tool 22 is broken based on a signal obtained from the pressure sensor 58. In FIG. 5, the inspection unit 32a is representatively illustrated and described. However, the other inspection units 32b and 32c also basically have the same structure, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Next, a method for inspecting whether or not the rotary tool 22 is broken in the multi-axis cutting unit 20 using the blade breakage inspection apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, in step S1, among the six multi-axis cutting units 20 of the unit replaceable machine tool 11, the unit arranged at the left rear in FIG. 1 is recognized so that the corresponding inspection units 32 face each other. The index device 30 is operated.

  In step S <b> 2, the spool of the switching valve 68 of the pressure adjusting unit 60 is switched to the first position, and the secondary side pipe line 60 a is communicated with the pressure source 64. Thereby, the pressure of the pressure source 64 is applied to the collecting path 56 and each cylinder 54, and the piston 52 is displaced maximum in the direction of the arrow A1. As a result, the elastic force of the spring 46 can be compensated, and the blade contact portion 44 can be reliably returned to the maximum displacement position (that is, the initial position) in the direction of the arrow A1.

  Further, compressed air is blown onto the rod body 50 by the chip discharging unit 61 to discharge chips and the like adhering to the spring 46 and the like, and cleaning is performed so that the rod body 50 operates correctly.

  In step S <b> 3, the spool of the switching valve 68 of the pressure adjusting unit 60 is switched to the second position so that the secondary side pipe line 60 a communicates with the regulator 66. Thereby, the inside of the collecting passage 56 and each cylinder 54 is set to a prescribed initial pressure Pi by the regulator 66. This initial pressure Pi is lower than the pressure of the pressure source 64, and is a pressure that does not generate an excessively strong reaction force for the rotary tool 22 to press and displace the blade contact portion 44 in the subsequent step S5 ( For example, it is set to about atmospheric pressure). When the initial pressure Pi is set to atmospheric pressure, the regulator 66 can be omitted.

  Since the initial pressure Pi is lower than the pressure of the pressure source 64, the inside of each cylinder 54 is depressurized as compared with the state of step S2, but the blade contact portion 44 is moderately elastic by the spring 46. Since it is energized, the initial position is maintained.

  In step S4, the spool of the switching valve 68 of the pressure adjusting unit 60 is switched to the third position, and the secondary side pipe line 60a is connected to the closing plug 70. As a result, the collecting path 56 and the cylinders 54 are kept airtight with the prescribed initial pressure Pi. At this time, the controller 36 confirms from the signal from the pressure sensor 58 that the pressure in the collective path 56 is the initial pressure Pi.

  In step S5, the advance / retreat mechanism 34 (see FIG. 1) is advanced in the direction of the arrow A1, and as shown in FIG. The blade tool abutting portion 44 pressed by the rotary tool 22 moves from the initial position according to the length of the rotary tool 22, and slides the piston 52 in the cylinder 54 through the rod 42 in the direction of arrow A2. As a result, air is compressed and pressure is increased in the cylinder 54 corresponding to the rod body 50 pressed by the rotary tool 22.

  At this time, since each cylinder 54 and the collecting path 56 are all in communication, the pressure is similarly increased. The pressure value P is a region where air is pushed out by the piston 52 T = T1 + T2 +... + Tn (1, 2,... N is an identifier for distinguishing the plurality of rod bodies 50, and n is pushed out by the rotary tool 22. The maximum number of objects (n = 3 in the example of FIG. 7) -ΔV, the total volume Va in the initial state (that is, the sum of the volume of each cylinder 54 and the volume of the collecting passage 56 in FIG. 7), and the initial pressure Pi. Sought by. It will be apparent that the volume of each region T1, T2,..., Tn is determined by the amount of advance by the advance / retreat mechanism 34, the specified length of each rotary tool 22, and the inner diameter of the cylinder 54.

  In step S6, the control unit 36 examines a signal obtained from the pressure sensor 58 and confirms whether or not the pressure value P of the collective path 56 is within a predetermined threshold pressure range. If the pressure value P is within the range of the threshold pressure, each rotary tool 22 has a specified length, so it is determined that there is no breakage, and the process proceeds to step S7.

  On the other hand, when the pressure value P of the collecting path 56 is not within the range of the threshold pressure (that is, when the pressure value P does not reach the threshold pressure and is lower than the threshold pressure), as shown in FIG. Since one or more rotary tools 22 are broken and do not have a specified length, one of the regions T1, T2,..., Tn (region T2 in the example of FIG. 8) has a small volume. It can be judged. In this case, the process proceeds to step S8. Further, when the pressure value P exceeds the threshold pressure and is higher than the threshold pressure, the long rotary tool 22 is mistakenly attached to any one or more of the spindle housings 23 and exceeds the specified length. Therefore, it can be determined that any of the regions T1, T2,... Tn has a large volume. In this case, the process proceeds to step S10.

  In step S7, the advancing / retreating mechanism 34 is retracted, and a predetermined management computer is notified that the inspected multi-axis cutting unit 20 is normal, and the machining of the workpiece 12 is continued.

  On the other hand, in step S8, the advance / retreat mechanism 34 is retracted, and a predetermined management computer is notified that the rotating tool 22 of the inspected multi-axis cutting unit 20 is broken, and the machining of the workpiece 12 is temporarily stopped. . In this case, the management computer notifies the worker that the rotary tool 22 is broken by a predetermined means.

  In step S9, the worker visually confirms each rotary tool 22 of the multi-axis cutting unit 20 based on information obtained from the management computer, and replaces the broken rotary tool 22. The multi-axis cutting unit 20 is provided with a plurality of rotary tools 22, but those that are broken can be easily identified visually. Thereafter, the operator inputs to the management computer that the replacement of the rotary tool 22 has been completed, and resumes the machining of the workpiece 12.

  On the other hand, in step S10, the advance / retreat mechanism 34 is retracted, and a predetermined management computer notifies the rotating tool 22 of the inspected multi-axis cutting unit 20 that a long tool is mistakenly attached. Pause machining. In this case, the management computer notifies the worker that the rotary tool 22 is incorrectly installed by a predetermined means.

  In step S <b> 11, the worker confirms the wrongly installed tool among the rotary tools 22 of the multi-axis cutting unit 20 based on information obtained from the management computer, and replaces it with a correct tool. The method for confirming the rotating tool 22 attached by mistake includes, for example, a method for visually confirming the tool number attached to the rotating tool 22, and a code (bar code, two-dimensional code, etc.) attached to each rotating tool 22. And a method using a predetermined length confirmation jig.

  Thereafter, the operator inputs to the management computer that the replacement of the rotary tool 22 has been completed, and resumes the machining of the workpiece 12.

  Note that the inspection unit 32a is applicable to the multi-axis cutting unit 20a and 20b as described above, and the rod body 50 is provided at a corresponding position even if the rotary tool 22 is arranged differently. In this case, the pressure sensor 58 can detect the amount of displacement by which the rotary tool 22 presses and displaces the cutting tool contact portion 44. Further, even if the length of the rotary tool 22 is different, the volume of the regions T1, T2,..., Tn changes correspondingly, so by obtaining a predetermined threshold pressure range in advance. In addition, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of breakage and erroneous attachment of different lengths of the rotary tool 22 having different lengths.

  Furthermore, according to the cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, the pressure change in each cylinder 54 is gathered by pressing and moving each rotary tool 22 in contact with the corresponding cutting tool contact portion 44. A single pressure sensor 58 in the path 56 can be used for comprehensive detection. At this time, if any one or more of the rotary tools 22 is broken or there is an erroneous attachment of different lengths, the pressure value P of the collecting path 56 does not show a predetermined pressure change, and the pressure sensor 58 Based on this signal, it is possible to inspect for breakage or incorrect attachment of the plurality of rotary tools 22 at a time.

  Furthermore, since the inspection unit 32 of the cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus 10 has the pressure adjustment action of the pressure adjustment unit 60, the spring 46 cannot exert its original elastic force due to cutting waste or coolant. Also, the piston 52 can be reliably returned to the initial position by applying the pressure of the pressure source 64. Further, foreign matter such as chips attached to the rod body 50 is discharged and cleaned by the pressure fluid by the operation of the chip discharge portion 61, so that the rod body 50 acts reliably.

  The cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus 10 is not optically inspected like a photoelectric sensor or the like, but inspects for breakage of the rotary tool 22 by a change in fluid pressure, so that it is not affected optically by the presence of cutting waste or the like.

  Next, inspection units 100 and 200 according to first and second modifications of the inspection unit 32 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the inspection units 100 and 200, the same portions as those of the inspection unit 32 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the inspection unit 100 according to the first modification includes a rod body 102 corresponding to each rotary tool 22, a cylinder 104 provided corresponding to each rod body 102, and each cylinder 104. , A pressure sensor 58, and a pressure adjustment unit 60. The cylinder 104, the collecting passage 56, and the pressure adjusting unit 60 are hydraulic circuits, and are filled with a liquid such as hydraulic oil, water, or coolant. The rod body 102 corresponds to the rod body 50, and the cylinder 104 corresponds to the cylinder 54.

  The rod body 102 includes a cutting tool abutting portion 44, a rod 42 connected to the cutting tool abutting portion 44, a guide 106 for guiding the rod 42, and a first end provided on the end of the rod 42 on the arrow A2 side. A spring seat 108, a piston 52 slidably provided in the cylinder 104, a piston rod 110 connected to the piston 52 and projecting slightly in the direction of the arrow A1 through the front plate 40, and the piston It has the 2nd spring seat 112 provided in the arrow A1 direction edge part of the rod 110, and the spring 114 inserted between the 1st spring seat 108 and the 2nd spring seat 112. As shown in FIG.

  The cylinder 104 is filled with a liquid having a low compressibility, and when the spool of the switching valve 68 is in the third position, the cylinder 104 is maintained in a liquid-tight state. 104 is set short.

  According to such an inspection unit 100, as shown in FIG. 10, when the rotary tool 22 presses the blade contact portion 44, the spring 114 is compressed according to the length of the rotary tool 22, and the spring 114 is The inside of the cylinder 104 is pressurized through the second spring seat 112, the piston rod 110, and the piston 52 with an elastic force corresponding to the amount of compression. Since each cylinder 104 and the collecting passage 56 are all in communication, the pressure is increased in the same manner. The pressure value P is the amount of movement X1, X2,..., Xn (1, 2,... N of the first spring seat 108 is an identifier for distinguishing a plurality of rod bodies 50, and n is a rotary tool. 22, the total number of pressures W = k1 · X1 + k2 · X2 +... + Kn · Xn (k1, k2,..., Kn are spring constants of the spring 114) and The area of the piston 52 and the initial pressure Pi are obtained. It will be apparent that each movement amount X1, X2,..., Xn is determined by the advance amount by the advance / retreat mechanism 34 and the specified length of each rotary tool 22.

  Therefore, similarly to the determination in step S6, the control unit 36 checks the signal obtained from the pressure sensor 58 and confirms whether or not the pressure value P of the collective path 56 is within the predetermined threshold pressure range. By doing this, it can be inspected that any one or more of the rotary tools 22 are broken.

  In this inspection unit 100, when water or coolant is used as the working fluid, it is preferable that the cutting cooling system and a part of the circuit can be shared. Further, when water or coolant is used as the working fluid, foreign matter such as chips attached to the rod body 50 is discharged and cleaned by the pressure fluid (that is, water or coolant) by the operation of the chip discharge unit 61. Therefore, larger chips and the like can be removed compared to when gas is used, and the rod body 50 can be made to act reliably.

  In the inspection unit 100, the means for transmitting the force of the second spring seat 112 to the liquid in the cylinder 104 is not limited to the piston 52, and may be a diaphragm, for example.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the inspection unit 200 according to the second modification includes a rod body 50 corresponding to each rotary tool 22, a cylinder 202 provided corresponding to each rod body 50, A collecting path 56 communicating with each cylinder 202, a pressure sensor 58, and a pressure adjusting unit 60 are provided. The cylinder 202, the collecting path 56, and the pressure adjusting unit 60 are pneumatic circuits. The cylinder 202 corresponds to the cylinder 54 described above.

  The collecting path 56 in the inspection unit 200 is provided at the end of each cylinder 202 in the direction of arrow A1, and the end of the direction of arrow A2 communicates with the outside through a hole 202a and is open to the atmosphere.

  An annular ring 202b that protrudes slightly inward is provided inside the cylinder 202. In the initial state (the state shown in FIG. 11), the piston 52 is displaced in the direction of the arrow A1 until it abuts on the annular ring 202b. ing. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12, when the rotary tool 22 is pressed and displaced against the blade contact portion 44, the piston 52 is pushed out in the direction of the arrow A <b> 2 through the rod 42. At this time, the chamber 202c on the arrow A2 side from the piston 52 is open to the atmosphere by the action of the hole 202a, so that the pressure does not change, but the chamber 202d on the arrow A1 side from the piston 52 expands and depressurizes. It will be.

  At this time, since the chamber 202d of each cylinder 202 and the collecting path 56 are all in communication, the pressure is similarly reduced. The pressure value P depends on the volume + ΔV of the region T = T1 + T2 +... + Tn where the air is stretched by the piston 52, the total volume Va in the initial state (that is, the volume of the chamber 202d of each cylinder 202 in FIG. The total volume) and the initial pressure Pi.

  Therefore, the control unit 36 examines a signal obtained from the pressure sensor 58 and confirms whether or not the pressure value P of the collecting path 56 is within a predetermined threshold pressure range. One or more can break or it can be inspected that a long one is attached by mistake. However, in this case, contrary to the determination in step S6, it is determined that the rotary tool 22 is broken when the pressure value P is higher than the threshold pressure range, and is longer when the pressure value P is lower than the threshold pressure range. Is determined to be attached.

  In addition, as the pressure source 64 of the pressure adjusting unit 60 in the inspection unit 200, a device that generates a negative pressure (for example, a vacuum pump, an ejector, or the like) may be used. Thereby, each chamber 202d is set to a negative pressure, and the piston 52 is surely displaced in the direction of the arrow A1 until it comes into contact with the annular ring 202b, so that an accurate initial state can be set. Furthermore, in the chip discharge part 61 in the test | inspection unit 200, the chip | tip etc. of the rod body 50 can be discharged | emitted by the suction effect.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which a plurality of rotary tools 22 are inspected for breakage or incorrect attachment at the same time has been described. However, when there is only one target rotary tool 22, an inspection unit 32, 100, or 200 is used. Only one set of rod bodies 50 or 102 may be provided. In addition, about the incorrect attachment, although the case where the long rotary tool 22 was attached incorrectly was demonstrated, of course, when the short rotary tool 22 is attached incorrectly, it is possible to detect similarly to the case of breakage.

  The cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can of course have various configurations without departing from the gist of the present invention.

It is a schematic plan view of a unit exchange type machine tool and a cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus according to the present embodiment. It is a perspective view of a multi-axis cutting unit. It is a perspective view in the state where the multi-axis cutting unit and the inspection unit face each other. It is a cross-sectional side view of a blade tool contact part. It is a block block diagram of the inspection unit in an initial state. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure which test | inspects a rotary tool using a cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus. It is a block block diagram of the test | inspection unit of the state which the rotary tool contact | abutted. It is a block block diagram of the test | inspection unit of the state contact | abutted in the state in which some rotary tools were broken. It is a block block diagram of the test | inspection unit which concerns on the 1st modification in an initial state. It is a block block diagram of the test | inspection unit which concerns on the 1st modification of the state which the rotary tool contact | abutted. It is a block block diagram of the test | inspection unit which concerns on the 2nd modification in an initial state. It is a block block diagram of the inspection unit which concerns on the 2nd modification of the state which the rotary tool contact | abutted.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus 11 ... Unit exchange type machine tool 20, 20a-20f ... Multi-axis cutting processing unit 22, 22a, 22b ... Rotary tool 30 ... Indexing device 32, 32a-32c, 100, 200 ... Inspection unit 36 ... Control part 42 ... Rod 44 ... Cutting tool contact part 46, 114 ... Spring 50, 50a, 50b, 102 ... Rod body 52 ... Piston 54, 104, 202 ... Cylinder 56 ... Collecting path 58 ... Pressure sensor 60 ... Pressure adjustment part 61 ... chip discharge parts 61a, 68 ... switching valve 64 ... pressure source
66 ... Regulator 70 ... Blocking plug 106 ... Guide 110 ... Piston rod

Claims (3)

A cutting tool abutting portion that moves from an initial position according to the length of the cutting tool when the tip of the cutting tool is pressed;
A fluid chamber that is pressurized or depressurized by the movement of the cutting tool contact portion;
A pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the fluid chamber;
A determination unit for examining breakage of the cutting tool based on a change in pressure of the fluid chamber detected by the pressure sensor;
A cutting tool breakage inspection device comprising: In the cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus according to claim 1,
When the cutting tool is not in contact with the cutting tool contact part, the fluid chamber is temporarily pressurized or depressurized so that the cutting tool contact part is returned to the initial position, and then the fluid chamber is defined. A cutting tool breakage inspection apparatus comprising a pressure adjusting unit that sets the initial pressure of the cutting tool. A tool breakage inspection device for detecting breakage of a plurality of blades,
A plurality of blade contact portions that move from an initial position according to the length of the blade by pressing the tip of each blade; and
A plurality of fluid chambers that are pressurized or depressurized by the movement of each blade tool contact portion;
A collecting passage communicating with each fluid chamber;
A pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the collecting path or the fluid chamber;
A determination unit for examining breakage of the cutting tool based on a change in pressure of the collecting path or the fluid chamber detected by the pressure sensor;
A cutting tool breakage inspection device comprising:

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