JP2010110791A - Tool for friction stir welding, and method for joining two member by friction stir welding - Google Patents

Tool for friction stir welding, and method for joining two member by friction stir welding Download PDF

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JP2010110791A
JP2010110791A JP2008285338A JP2008285338A JP2010110791A JP 2010110791 A JP2010110791 A JP 2010110791A JP 2008285338 A JP2008285338 A JP 2008285338A JP 2008285338 A JP2008285338 A JP 2008285338A JP 2010110791 A JP2010110791 A JP 2010110791A
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tool
stir welding
friction stir
pipe material
joining
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JP5210807B2 (en
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Yuji Yasuda
裕史 安田
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Mahle Filter Systems Japan Corp
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Mahle Filter Systems Japan Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tool for friction stir welding, capable of cutting and removing burrs generated inside and outside a pipe material, practically simultaneously with the friction stir welding, when joining a flange member to the end part of a pipe material by friction stir welding. <P>SOLUTION: The tool is provided with: a shoulder part 9 functioning as a friction surface for the friction stir welding; an inner edge 11, which is integrally formed on the front edge side of the shoulder part 9 across a neck part 12, has a diameter insertable in the inside of a pipe material 1, and cuts and removes the burrs F1 generated on the inside of the pipe material 1; and an outer edge 10, which is integrally formed outside the shoulder part 9 and removes burrs generated outside the joint part. When pressing-in a tool 6 into base materials 1, 2, the rotation direction of the tool is made a normal direction R1, and, when separating the tool 6 from the base materials 1, 2, the rotation direction is made a reverse state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、摩擦撹拌接合用ツールと摩擦撹拌接合による二部材の接合方法に関し、特にパイプ材の端部にそれよりも大径のフランジ部材を摩擦撹拌接合をもって接合する際に、パイプ材の内外に発生するばりの切削除去を同時に行えるようにした摩擦撹拌接合用ツールと二部材の接合方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for joining two members by friction stir welding and a tool for friction stir welding, and particularly when joining a flange member having a larger diameter to the end portion of the pipe material by friction stir welding. The present invention relates to a friction stir welding tool and a two-member joining method that can simultaneously remove and remove the flash generated in the steel.

アルミニウムに代表されるような軽合金を母材として摩擦撹拌接合を施すにあたり、摩擦撹拌接合のためのツールにカッター機能を具備させておき、接合ビード部に不可避的に発生するばりの切削除去をカッターにて同時に行うようにした技術が特許文献１および特許文献２等で知られている。   When performing friction stir welding using a light alloy typified by aluminum as a base material, a tool for friction stir welding is provided with a cutter function to remove the inevitable flash generated on the weld bead. A technique which is performed simultaneously with a cutter is known from Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and the like.

また、パイプ材の端面にフランジ部材を摩擦圧接方式にて接合する際に、パイプ材の内部に発生したばりをドリル等にて切削除去するようにした技術が特許文献３に開示されている。
特開２０００−９４１５８号公報 特開２００３−３３４６７２号公報 特開平７−１４４２８７号公報 Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a technique in which, when a flange member is joined to an end surface of a pipe material by a friction welding method, a flash generated in the pipe material is removed by a drill or the like.
JP 2000-94158 A JP 2003-334672 A JP 7-144287 A

しかしながら、特許文献１，２に記載されたものでは、平板同士のいわゆる突き合わせ溶接のごとき接合形態には適用可能であっても、例えばパイプ材の内部に発生したばりの除去には対応することができない。   However, in the ones described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, even if applicable to a joining form such as so-called butt welding between flat plates, for example, it is possible to cope with removal of flash generated inside the pipe material. Can not.

また、特許文献３に記載のものでは、パイプ材の内部に発生したばりの除去に対応可能ではあっても、ドリル等の独立した工具を用いて接合動作とは別にいわゆる内ばりの切削除去を行うものであるから、設備全体が複雑且つ大型のものとなるほか、サイクルタイムの冗長化により生産効率が低下することとなって好ましくない。   Moreover, in the thing of patent document 3, even if it can respond to the removal of the burr | flash which generate | occur | produced inside the pipe material, cutting removal of what is called an inner burr apart from joining operation | movement using independent tools, such as a drill, is possible. This is not preferable because the entire facility is complicated and large, and the production efficiency is reduced due to the redundancy of the cycle time.

本発明はこのような課題に着目してなされたものであり、パイプ材の端部にそれよりも大径のフランジ部材を摩擦撹拌接合をもって接合するにあたり、パイプ材の内外に発生するばりの切削除去を実質的に摩擦撹拌接合と並行して行えるようにした摩擦撹拌接合用ツールと摩擦撹拌接合による二部材の接合方法を提供するものである。   The present invention has been made paying attention to such a problem, and when a flange member having a larger diameter is joined to the end portion of the pipe material by friction stir welding, cutting of the flash generated inside and outside the pipe material is performed. The present invention provides a friction stir welding tool that can be removed substantially in parallel with friction stir welding and a method of joining two members by friction stir welding.

請求項１に記載の発明は、パイプ材の端部にそれよりも大径のフランジ部材を摩擦撹拌接合をもって接合するためのツールであって、摩擦撹拌接合のための摩擦面として機能するショルダー部と、上記ショルダー部の先端側にネック部を隔てて一体に形成されるとともに、パイプ材の内部に挿入可能な外径を有し、パイプ材の内面に発生したばりを切削除去するための内刃と、上記ショルダー部の外側に一体に形成されて、接合部の外側に発生したばりを除去するための外刃と、を備えたことを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 1 is a tool for joining a flange member having a larger diameter to the end of a pipe member by friction stir welding, and functions as a friction surface for friction stir welding. And an outer diameter that can be inserted into the inside of the pipe material, and is formed for cutting and removing the flash generated on the inner surface of the pipe material. A blade and an outer blade that is integrally formed on the outer side of the shoulder portion and removes flash generated on the outer side of the joint portion.

この場合において、ツールのショルダー部が接合部にて母材内に押し込まれることを考慮すると、請求項２に記載のように、上記外刃の先端位置はショルダー部よりもわずかに反内刃側寄りの位置に設定されていることが望ましい。   In this case, considering that the shoulder portion of the tool is pushed into the base material at the joint portion, the tip position of the outer blade is slightly on the side opposite to the inner blade side from the shoulder portion as described in claim 2. It is desirable that the position is set closer.

請求項３に記載の発明は、パイプ材の端部にそれよりも大径のフランジ部材を摩擦撹拌接合をもって接合する方法であって、摩擦撹拌接合のための回転式のツールは、摩擦面として機能するショルダー部と、パイプ材の内部に挿入可能な大きさの内刃、および上記ショルダー部よりも大径の外刃を有している。そして、上記フランジ部材に形成された穴にパイプ材の端部を挿入してそのフランジ部材の端面とパイプ材の端面とを揃えた上で、それらフランジ部材とパイプ材との円環状の突き合わせ部に対し上記ツールの軸心方向での往動動作に基づくショルダー部の加圧力をもって摩擦撹拌接合を施し、その摩擦撹拌接合と並行して上記フランジ部材の端面に発生したばりを外刃にて切削除去する一方、摩擦撹拌接合を終えた後の上記ツールの軸心方向での復動動作時には、パイプ材の内面に発生したばりを内刃にて切削除去することを特徴とする。   The invention according to claim 3 is a method of joining a flange member having a larger diameter to the end portion of the pipe material by friction stir welding, wherein the rotary tool for friction stir welding is a friction surface. It has a functioning shoulder portion, an inner blade that can be inserted into the pipe material, and an outer blade that has a larger diameter than the shoulder portion. Then, after inserting the end of the pipe material into the hole formed in the flange member and aligning the end surface of the flange member and the end surface of the pipe material, an annular butted portion of the flange member and the pipe material In contrast, the friction stir welding is performed with the applied pressure of the shoulder portion based on the forward movement of the tool in the axial direction, and the flash generated on the end face of the flange member is cut with the outer blade in parallel with the friction stir welding. On the other hand, the flash generated on the inner surface of the pipe material is removed by cutting with the inner blade when the tool is moved back in the axial direction after the friction stir welding is completed.

この場合において、フランジ部材の端面に発生したばりを確実に除去する上では、請求項４に記載のように、上記フランジ部材の端面に発生したばりの外刃による切削除去は、ツールの軸心方向での往動動作に基づく摩擦撹拌接合の末期に行われるものであることが望ましい。   In this case, in order to reliably remove the flash generated on the end face of the flange member, as described in claim 4, the removal of the flash generated on the end face of the flange member by the outer blade is performed in the axial center of the tool. It is desirable to be performed at the end of the friction stir welding based on the forward movement in the direction.

また、請求項５に記載のように、上記ツールの往動動作は当該ツールの正転状態で行い、上記ツールの復動動作は当該ツールの逆転状態で行うようにしても良い。あるいは、請求項６に記載のように、上記ツールの往動動作および復動動作は共に当該ツールの正転状態で行うようにしても良い。そして、前者の場合には、正転状態にあるツールの往動動作時に外刃によるばりの切削除去が行われ、逆転状態にあるツールの復動動作時に内刃によるばりの切削除去が行われるように、それら外刃および内刃の向きが設定される。他方、後者の場合には、ツールの往動動作時および復動動作時共に当該ツールは正転状態にあることから、その正転状態で外刃による切削除去と内刃による切削除去が行われるように、それら外刃および内刃の向きが設定される。   Further, as described in claim 5, the forward movement operation of the tool may be performed in the normal rotation state of the tool, and the backward movement operation of the tool may be performed in the reverse rotation state of the tool. Alternatively, as described in claim 6, both the forward movement operation and the backward movement operation of the tool may be performed in the normal rotation state of the tool. In the former case, the burr is removed by the outer blade during the forward movement of the tool in the normal rotation state, and the burr is removed by the inner blade during the backward movement of the tool in the reverse rotation state. In this manner, the directions of the outer blade and the inner blade are set. On the other hand, in the latter case, since the tool is in the forward rotation state during both the forward movement and the backward movement of the tool, the cutting removal by the outer blade and the cutting removal by the inner blade are performed in the forward rotation state. In this manner, the directions of the outer blade and the inner blade are set.

さらに、請求項７としても記載しているように、請求項３〜６のいずれかに記載の二部材の接合方法において、請求項１に記載のツールを用いることももちろん可能である。   Further, as described in claim 7, it is of course possible to use the tool according to claim 1 in the two-member joining method according to any of claims 3 to 6.

したがって、少なくとも請求項１，３に記載の発明では、パイプ材とフランジ部材の端面同士を摩擦撹拌接合にて接合する際に、接合部となる端面やパイプ材の内面ではばりの発生が不可避となるが、それらのばりは摩擦撹拌接合の動作と並行してツールと一体的な動きをする外刃や内刃によって切削除去されることになる。   Therefore, in at least the inventions of the first and third aspects, when joining the end faces of the pipe material and the flange member by friction stir welding, it is inevitable that flash is generated on the end face serving as a joint portion and the inner face of the pipe material. However, these flashes are cut and removed by an outer blade and an inner blade that move integrally with the tool in parallel with the operation of the friction stir welding.

請求項１〜４に記載の発明によれば、摩擦撹拌接合と並行して、接合部となる端面やパイプ材の内面に発生したばりが内刃および外刃によって切削除去されるので、サイクルタイムの短縮によってばり取り作業を含む効率的な接合を行えるとともに、設備構成も簡単且つ小型のもので済む効果がある。   According to the first to fourth aspects of the invention, in parallel with the friction stir welding, the flash generated on the end face serving as the joint and the inner surface of the pipe material is removed by cutting with the inner blade and the outer blade. By shortening the length, it is possible to perform efficient joining including a deburring operation and to have a simple and small equipment configuration.

請求項５，６に記載の発明によれば、パイプ材の内部に挿入されることになる内刃がパイプ材と摺接することで、ツール全体のセンタリング効果（芯出し効果）が発揮されることから、ツールの回転状態が安定化し、接合品質に優れた摩擦撹拌接合を行える。   According to invention of Claim 5, 6, the centering effect (centering effect) of the whole tool is exhibited because the inner blade to be inserted into the pipe material is in sliding contact with the pipe material. Therefore, the rotational state of the tool is stabilized, and friction stir welding with excellent welding quality can be performed.

特に請求項５に記載のように、、ツールの往動動作は当該ツールの正転状態で行い、上記ツールの復動動作は当該ツールの逆転状態で行うようにすれば、摩擦撹拌接合が進行するツールの往動動作時において内刃がパイプ材を切削してしまうことがなく、ツール全体のセンタリング効果が一段と顕著となる。   In particular, as described in claim 5, if the forward movement of the tool is performed in the forward rotation state of the tool and the backward movement of the tool is performed in the reverse rotation state of the tool, the friction stir welding proceeds. The inner blade does not cut the pipe material during the forward movement of the tool, and the centering effect of the entire tool becomes more remarkable.

図１〜７は本発明のより具体的な第１の実施の形態を示す図で、特に図１の（Ａ）は母材としてのアルミニウム合金製のパイプ材１と同じく母材としての同じ材質の円板状のフランジ部材２とを接合する前の状態を、同図（Ｂ）は上記パイプ材１とフランジ部材２とを接合ビード部３での摩擦撹拌接合にて接合した後の状態をそれぞれ示している。   FIGS. 1 to 7 are views showing a more specific first embodiment of the present invention. In particular, FIG. 1A is the same material as a base material as the aluminum alloy pipe material 1 as a base material. (B) shows the state after the pipe material 1 and the flange member 2 are joined by friction stir welding at the joining bead portion 3. Each is shown.

ここでは、図１から明らかなように、フランジ部材２の中央部に予め形成されている直径Ｄ５の円形の穴４にパイプ材１の端部を挿入して、両者の端面１ａ，２ａ同士が面一状態となるように揃えた上で、その端面１ａ，２ａ側でのフランジ部材２とパイプ材１との円環状の突き合わせ部５に摩擦撹拌接合を施して接合一体化するものである。なお、フランジ部材２側の穴４の直径Ｄ５はパイプ材１の直径Ｄ３と同等またはそれよりもよりもわずかに大きく設定されている。また、上記突き合わせ部５に摩擦撹拌接合を施した結果として形成された接合ビード部を符号３で示す。さらに、図１の（Ｂ）から明らかなように、摩擦撹拌接合のためには後述するツール６によるパイプ材１の軸心方向での加圧力が必須であることから、その接合ビード部３はフランジ部材２の端面２ａよりも一段低いものとなる。   Here, as is apparent from FIG. 1, the end portion of the pipe material 1 is inserted into a circular hole 4 having a diameter D5 formed in advance in the center portion of the flange member 2, and the end surfaces 1a and 2a thereof are After aligning them so that they are flush with each other, friction stir welding is applied to the annular butted portion 5 between the flange member 2 and the pipe member 1 on the end surfaces 1a, 2a side to integrate them. The diameter D5 of the hole 4 on the flange member 2 side is set to be equal to or slightly larger than the diameter D3 of the pipe material 1. Further, a joining bead portion formed as a result of applying friction stir welding to the butt portion 5 is denoted by reference numeral 3. Further, as is apparent from FIG. 1B, since the pressing force in the axial direction of the pipe material 1 by the tool 6 described later is indispensable for the friction stir welding, The flange member 2 is one step lower than the end surface 2a.

図２は、接合前の母材であるパイプ材１とフランジ部材２さらにはツール６との関係を示している。母材であるパイプ材１とフランジ部材２との関係は、図１に基づいて先に説明したとおりである。   FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the pipe material 1 which is a base material before joining, the flange member 2 and the tool 6. The relationship between the pipe material 1 which is a base material and the flange member 2 is as described above based on FIG.

摩擦撹拌接合のためのツール６は、母材よりも硬い材質、例えば鉄系やステンレス系の材質のものであって、円柱状のツール本体７の先端に同心状の大径部８を形成するとともに、その大径部８の下面に当該大径部８よりも小径であって、且つ摩擦撹拌接合のための摩擦面として機能する直径Ｄ２のショルダー部９を形成し、さらにそのショルダー部９の外側に大径部８の直径を最大直径とする複数の外刃１０を一体に形成してある。さらに、ショルダー部９の先端側に当該ショルダー部９よりも小径の直径Ｄ６の複数の内刃１１を一体に形成し、全体として変形段付き軸状のものとして形成してある。   The tool 6 for friction stir welding is made of a material harder than the base material, such as an iron or stainless steel material, and a concentric large-diameter portion 8 is formed at the tip of a cylindrical tool body 7. In addition, a shoulder portion 9 having a diameter D2 which is smaller than the large diameter portion 8 and functions as a friction surface for friction stir welding is formed on the lower surface of the large diameter portion 8. A plurality of outer blades 10 whose maximum diameter is the diameter of the large diameter portion 8 are integrally formed on the outside. Further, a plurality of inner blades 11 having a diameter D6 smaller in diameter than the shoulder portion 9 are integrally formed on the distal end side of the shoulder portion 9, and are formed as a deformed stepped shaft as a whole.

ここでは、図２のほか図３，４に示すように、所定角度だけ傾斜した四枚の外刃１０および内刃１１を円周方向の等分四箇所に放射状に形成してある。そして、外刃１０については、切れ刃１０ａをはさんでその両側にすくい面１０ｂと逃げ面１０ｃとを形成してあるとともに、内刃１１についても切れ刃１１ａをはさんでその両側に逃げ面１１ｃとすくい面１１ｂとを形成してある。   Here, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in addition to FIG. 2, four outer blades 10 and inner blades 11 that are inclined by a predetermined angle are radially formed at four equally divided locations in the circumferential direction. The outer blade 10 has a rake face 10b and a flank face 10c on both sides of the cutting edge 10a, and the inner blade 11 also has a flank face on both sides of the cutting edge 11a. 11c and a rake face 11b are formed.

内刃１１の直径Ｄ６はパイプ材１の内部に挿入し得る大きさであって、パイプ材１の内径Ｄ４とほぼ同等またはそれよりもわずかに小さい大きさに設定されている（Ｄ６≦Ｄ４）。また、ショルダー部９と内刃１１との間には、長さがＬで、直径Ｄ１が内刃１１の直径Ｄ６よりも小さいネック部１２を形成してある。このネック部１２はショルダー部９と内刃１１との間に段付きとなる周溝状の溝空間Ｐを確保した結果として形成されるもので、図５にも示すように、上記溝空間Ｐは摩擦撹拌接合の際の塑性流動によってパイプ材１の内側に押し出される母材１，２のばりＦ１を受容する役目をする。ここで、パイプ材１の内側に押し出されるばりＦ１の量は、母材１，２に対するツール６の圧入量に依存することから（パイプ材１の内側に押し出されるばりＦ１の量は、母材１，２へのツール６の圧入によって押し出された母材１，２の体積にほかならない。）、上記溝空間Ｐの容積、ひいてはネック部１２の長さ寸法Ｌや直径Ｄ１は母材１，２に対するツール６の圧入量を考慮して決定される。   The diameter D6 of the inner blade 11 is a size that can be inserted into the pipe material 1, and is set to be approximately equal to or slightly smaller than the inner diameter D4 of the pipe material 1 (D6 ≦ D4). . Further, a neck portion 12 having a length L and a diameter D1 smaller than the diameter D6 of the inner blade 11 is formed between the shoulder portion 9 and the inner blade 11. The neck portion 12 is formed as a result of securing a circumferential groove-shaped groove space P between the shoulder portion 9 and the inner blade 11, and as shown in FIG. Serves to receive the flash F1 of the base materials 1 and 2 pushed out to the inside of the pipe material 1 by plastic flow during friction stir welding. Here, since the amount of the flash F1 pushed out to the inside of the pipe material 1 depends on the press-fitting amount of the tool 6 with respect to the base materials 1 and 2 (the amount of the flash F1 pushed out to the inside of the pipe material 1 is The volume of the base materials 1 and 2 pushed out by the press-fitting of the tool 6 into the 1 and 2 is nothing but the volume of the groove space P, and the length L and the diameter D1 of the neck portion 12 are the base material 1, 2 is determined in consideration of the press-fit amount of the tool 6 with respect to 2.

本実施の形態では、後述するように、摩擦撹拌接合に際して母材１，２に対しツール６を圧入する方向を往動動作とし、且つその時のツール６の回転方向を正転方向Ｒ１とする一方（図２参照）、逆に摩擦撹拌接合を終えてツール６を母材１，２から引き離す方向を復動動作とし、且つその時のツール６の回転方向を逆転方向Ｒ２（図７参照）とするように設定してある。   In the present embodiment, as will be described later, the direction in which the tool 6 is press-fitted into the base materials 1 and 2 during friction stir welding is a forward movement operation, and the rotation direction of the tool 6 at that time is a normal rotation direction R1. (Refer to FIG. 2) On the contrary, the direction in which the friction stir welding is finished and the tool 6 is pulled away from the base materials 1 and 2 is set as the backward operation, and the rotation direction of the tool 6 at that time is set as the reverse rotation direction R2 (see FIG. 7). It is set as follows.

そこで、上記外刃１０については、ツール６の正転時において、それぞれの切れ刃１０ａの正転方向Ｒ１側がすくい面１０ｂとなり、正転方向Ｒ１の方向と反対側が逃げ面１０ｃとなるように設定してある。これに対して、上記内刃１１については、ツール６の逆転時において、それぞれの切れ刃１１ａの逆転方向Ｒ２側がすくい面１１ｂとなり、逆転方向Ｒ２の方向と反対側が逃げ面１１ｃとなるように設定してある。   Therefore, the outer blade 10 is set so that, when the tool 6 is rotated forward, the forward rotation direction R1 side of each cutting edge 10a becomes the rake face 10b, and the opposite side of the forward rotation direction R1 becomes the flank face 10c. It is. On the other hand, the inner cutter 11 is set so that when the tool 6 is rotated in the reverse direction, each cutting edge 11a has the rake face 11b on the reverse rotation direction R2 side and the flank 11c on the opposite side to the reverse rotation direction R2. It is.

これにより、図２に示すように、母材１，２に対してツール６を圧入する往動動作時には、すくい面１０ｂ側が正転方向Ｒ１側となる外刃１０のみが本来の切削機能を発揮し、内刃１１は逃げ面１１ｃ側が正転方向Ｒ１側となるために切削機能は発揮しないことになる。これに対して、図７に示すように、母材１，２からツール６を引き離す復動動作時には、すくい面１１ｂ側が逆転方向Ｒ２側となる内刃１１のみが本来の切削機能を発揮し、外刃１０は逃げ面１０ｃ側が逆転方向Ｒ２側となるために切削機能は発揮しないことになる。   As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, during the forward movement operation in which the tool 6 is press-fitted into the base materials 1 and 2, only the outer blade 10 whose rake face 10 b side is in the forward rotation direction R <b> 1 side exhibits its original cutting function. However, since the inner cutter 11 has the flank 11c side in the forward rotation direction R1, the cutting function is not exhibited. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, during the backward movement operation to separate the tool 6 from the base materials 1 and 2, only the inner blade 11 whose rake face 11 b side is in the reverse rotation direction R 2 side exhibits the original cutting function, Since the flank 10c side is the reverse rotation direction R2 side, the outer cutter 10 does not exhibit the cutting function.

したがって、上記ツール６を用いた摩擦撹拌接合に際しては、図２に示すように、母材であるパイプ材１の端面１ａとフランジ部材２の端面２ａとを面一状態となるように揃えた上で、正転状態としたツール６を往動動作として上記母材１，２同士の突き合わせ部５に対して押し込むものとする。すなわち、図１の（Ａ）に示すように、母材であるパイプ材１の外周面とフランジ部材２側の穴４の内周面とが突き合わされて、円環状の突き合わせ部５が形成されることから、この部分を接合部とするべくツール６を回転させながら押し込むものとする。   Therefore, in the friction stir welding using the tool 6, as shown in FIG. 2, the end surface 1a of the pipe material 1 which is the base material and the end surface 2a of the flange member 2 are aligned so as to be in a flush state. Thus, the tool 6 in the normal rotation state is pushed into the abutting portion 5 between the base materials 1 and 2 as a forward movement operation. That is, as shown in FIG. 1A, the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material 1 as a base material and the inner peripheral surface of the hole 4 on the flange member 2 side are abutted to form an annular butting portion 5. Therefore, it is assumed that the tool 6 is pushed in while rotating the tool 6 so that this portion becomes the joint portion.

母材１，２に対してツール６を押し込むと、図５に示すように、内刃１１がパイプ材１の内周に挿入されるとともに、ショルダー部９がパイプ材１の端面１ａとフランジ部材２の端面の双方に跨るようにして上記突き合わせ部５に圧接する。そして、母材１，２に対するツール６の圧入力と、母材１，２とツール６との相対回転に伴う摩擦熱のために、母材１，２のうち上記突き合わせ部５の近傍が軟化し、母材１，２とツール６との相対回転に伴う塑性流動によって母材１，２同士が接合されることになる。   When the tool 6 is pushed into the base materials 1 and 2, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner blade 11 is inserted into the inner periphery of the pipe material 1, and the shoulder portion 9 is connected to the end surface 1 a of the pipe material 1 and the flange member. 2 is pressed against the butting portion 5 so as to straddle both end faces. Then, due to the pressure input of the tool 6 to the base materials 1 and 2 and the frictional heat accompanying the relative rotation of the base materials 1 and 2 and the tool 6, the vicinity of the butted portion 5 of the base materials 1 and 2 is softened. Then, the base materials 1 and 2 are joined together by plastic flow accompanying relative rotation between the base materials 1 and 2 and the tool 6.

この時、塑性流動を起こした母材１，２の一部がパイプ材１の内部にばりＦ１として押し出されるが、この押し出されたばりＦ１はネック部１２の周囲の溝空間Ｐにて受容される。   At this time, parts of the base materials 1 and 2 that have caused plastic flow are pushed out into the pipe material 1 as a flash F1, and the pushed flash F1 is received in the groove space P around the neck portion 12. The

また、母材１，２に対してツール６を圧入する往動動作時には、内刃１１は逃げ面１１ｃ側が回転方向（正転方向Ｒ１）側となるために切削機能は発揮しないことは先に述べたとおりであるもの、パイプ材１の内周面に接触する内刃１１はそのパイプ材１に対するツール６のセンタリグ機能（芯出し機能）を発揮することから、ツール６の回転状態が安定化するとともに、母材であるパイプ材１およびフランジ部材２に対するツール６の同心精度が維持されるようになり、接合不良等のない良好な摩擦撹拌接合を行うことが可能となる。   In addition, during the forward movement operation in which the tool 6 is press-fitted into the base materials 1 and 2, the inner blade 11 does not exhibit the cutting function because the flank 11c side is the rotational direction (forward rotation direction R1) side. As described above, the inner blade 11 in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the pipe material 1 exhibits the centering function (centering function) of the tool 6 with respect to the pipe material 1, so that the rotation state of the tool 6 is stabilized. At the same time, the concentric accuracy of the tool 6 with respect to the pipe material 1 and the flange member 2 which are the base materials is maintained, and it is possible to perform good friction stir welding without joint failure.

ここで、上記ツール６に内刃１１や外刃１０が付帯していない場合には、図６に示すように、摩擦撹拌接合の進行に伴ってフランジ部材２側の突き合わせ部５の周囲に隆起部Ｆ２が発生したり、その隆起部Ｆ２の一部がばりＦ３として付帯することになるほか、先に述べたようにパイプ材１の内側にも押し出された母材１，２の一部がばりＦ１として残存することになる。   Here, when the tool 6 does not have the inner blade 11 or the outer blade 10 attached thereto, as shown in FIG. 6, as the friction stir welding progresses, the ridge is raised around the butting portion 5 on the flange member 2 side. Part F2 is generated, and a part of the raised part F2 is attached as a flash F3, and as described above, part of the base materials 1 and 2 that are also pushed out to the inside of the pipe material 1 It will remain as the flash F1.

本実施の形態では、母材１，２に対するツール６の圧入が末期になると、図５に示すように、外刃１０がフランジ部材２の端面２ａに接触するようになることから、その正転状態にある外刃１１によって先の隆起部Ｆ２を含むばりＦ３が切削除去されることになる。ただし、パイプ材１の内側にはなおもばりＦ１が残存したままである。   In this embodiment, when the tool 6 is pressed into the base materials 1 and 2 at the end, the outer blade 10 comes into contact with the end surface 2a of the flange member 2 as shown in FIG. The flash F3 including the raised portion F2 is cut and removed by the outer blade 11 in the state. However, the flash F1 still remains inside the pipe material 1.

図５の状態をもって摩擦撹拌接合を終えたならば、図７に示すように、ツール６の回転方向をそれまでの正転方向Ｒ１から逆転方向Ｒ２側に切り換えた上で、ツール６の復動動作としてそのツール６を母材１，２から上昇させて引き離す。その際に、逃げ面１０ｃ側が回転方向（逆転方向Ｒ２）側となる外刃１０はそれまでの切削機能を発揮しなくなるのに対して、代わって内刃１１はそのすくい面１１ｂ側が回転方向（逆転方向Ｒ２）側となるので、内刃１１が切削機能を発揮するようになる。そして、母材１，２からツール６が上昇する過程で内刃１１がパイプ材１の内面のばりＦ１を上方に向かって切削除去することになる。   When the friction stir welding is completed in the state of FIG. 5, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotation direction of the tool 6 is switched from the normal rotation direction R1 to the reverse rotation direction R2, and then the tool 6 is moved backward. As an operation, the tool 6 is lifted from the base materials 1 and 2 and separated. At that time, the outer cutter 10 whose flank 10c side is the rotational direction (reverse rotation direction R2) side does not perform the cutting function so far, but instead the inner cutter 11 has its rake face 11b side in the rotational direction ( Since it becomes the reverse rotation direction R2) side, the inner blade 11 comes to exhibit the cutting function. Then, the inner blade 11 cuts and removes the flash F1 on the inner surface of the pipe material 1 in the process of raising the tool 6 from the base materials 1 and 2.

言い換えるならば、ツール６の往動動作と復動動作の一往復動作を行うだけで、図１の（Ｂ）に示すように母材であるパイプ材１とフランジ部材２とが摩擦撹拌接合をもって接合され、同時にパイプ材１の内外に不可避的に発生した図６のばりＦ１，Ｆ３（隆起部Ｆ２を含む）も綺麗に切削除去されることになる。   In other words, only one reciprocation of the forward and backward movements of the tool 6 is performed, and the pipe material 1 and the flange member 2 as the base material have friction stir welding as shown in FIG. The flashes F1 and F3 (including the raised portion F2) of FIG. 6 that are joined and inevitably generated inside and outside the pipe material 1 are also cut and removed cleanly.

ここで、ツール６の往動動作時と復動動作時とでその回転方向を切り換えることなく、ツール６の往動動作時および復動動作時共にその回転方向を例えば正転方向Ｒ１としても良い。この場合に使用するツール６は図８〜１０に示すものとなり、図２と比較すると明らかなように、内刃１１の傾きが逆のものとなる。   Here, the rotation direction may be set to, for example, the forward rotation direction R1 in both the forward movement operation and the backward movement operation of the tool 6 without switching the rotation direction between the forward movement operation and the backward movement operation of the tool 6. . The tool 6 used in this case is as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, and the inclination of the inner cutter 11 is reversed as apparent from the comparison with FIG. 2.

ただし、ツール６の往動動作時に、パイプ材１の内周面に接する内刃１１が切削機能を発揮しながら、同時にセンタリング機能も発揮することになる、そのために、内刃１１との摺接のためにパイプ材１の内周面が切削されたり、傷が付くおそれがあるが、パイプ材１の内周面の精度や平滑度がそれほど問題とならない場合には十分である。   However, when the tool 6 moves forward, the inner blade 11 that contacts the inner peripheral surface of the pipe material 1 exhibits a cutting function and at the same time exhibits a centering function. Therefore, sliding contact with the inner blade 11 is achieved. For this reason, the inner peripheral surface of the pipe member 1 may be cut or scratched, but this is sufficient when the accuracy and smoothness of the inner peripheral surface of the pipe member 1 do not matter so much.

本発明が適用される母材の詳細を示す図で、（Ａ）は摩擦撹拌接合前のパイプ材とフランジ部材との関係を示す断面説明図、（Ｂ）は摩擦撹拌接合後のパイプ材とフランジ部材との関係を示す断面説明図。It is a figure which shows the detail of the preform | base_material to which this invention is applied, (A) is sectional explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the pipe material and friction member before friction stir welding, (B) is the pipe material after friction stir welding, Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows the relationship with a flange member. 本発明の第１の実施の形態として、母材と摩擦撹拌接合用ツールとの関係を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between a base material and the tool for friction stir welding as the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図２のＡ−Ａ線に沿う断面説明図。Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which follows the AA line of FIG. 図２のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う断面説明図。Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which follows the BB line of FIG. 図２の状態から摩擦撹拌接合用ツールを母材側に押し込んだ状態を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the state which pushed the friction stir welding tool into the base material side from the state of FIG. 図１に示した母材でのばりの発生状況を示す断面説明図。Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows the generation | occurrence | production state of the burr | flash in the base material shown in FIG. 図５の状態から摩擦撹拌接合用ツールを逆転させながら引き上げた状態を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the state pulled up, reversing the friction stir welding tool from the state of FIG. 本発明の第２の実施の形態として、摩擦撹拌接合用ツールの構造を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the tool for friction stir welding as the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 図２のＡ１−Ａ１線に沿う断面説明図。Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which follows the A1-A1 line | wire of FIG. 図２のＢ１−Ｂ１線に沿う断面説明図。Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which follows the B1-B1 line | wire of FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…パイプ材（母材）
１ａ…端面
２…フランジ部材（母材）
２ａ…端面
３…接合ビード部
４…穴
５…突き合わせ部
６…摩擦撹拌接合用ツール
７…ツール本体
９…ショルダー部
１０…外刃
１１…内刃
１２…ネック部
Ｆ１…ばり
Ｆ２…隆起部
Ｆ３…ばり
Ｐ…溝空間
Ｒ１…正転方向
Ｒ２…逆転方向 1 ... Pipe material (base material)
1a ... End face 2 ... Flange member (base material)
2a ... End face 3 ... Joining bead part 4 ... Hole 5 ... Butting part 6 ... Friction stir welding tool 7 ... Tool body 9 ... Shoulder part 10 ... Outer blade 11 ... Inner blade 12 ... Neck part F1 ... Burr F2 ... Raised part F3 ... Burr P ... Groove space R1 ... Forward rotation direction R2 ... Reverse rotation direction

Claims (7)

パイプ材の端部にそれよりも大径のフランジ部材を摩擦撹拌接合をもって接合するためのツールであって、
摩擦撹拌接合のための摩擦面として機能するショルダー部と、
上記ショルダー部の先端側にネック部を隔てて一体に形成されるとともに、パイプ材の内部に挿入可能な外径を有し、パイプ材の内面に発生したばりを切削除去するための内刃と、
上記ショルダー部の外側に一体に形成されて、接合部の外側に発生したばりを除去するための外刃と、
を備えたことを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合用ツール。 A tool for joining a flange member having a larger diameter to the end of a pipe material by friction stir welding,
A shoulder that functions as a friction surface for friction stir welding;
An inner blade that is integrally formed with a neck portion at the front end side of the shoulder portion, has an outer diameter that can be inserted into the pipe material, and cuts and removes flash generated on the inner surface of the pipe material; ,
An outer blade that is integrally formed on the outer side of the shoulder part and for removing the flash generated on the outer side of the joint part;
A friction stir welding tool characterized by comprising: 上記外刃の先端位置はショルダー部よりもわずかに反内刃側寄りの位置に設定されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の摩擦撹拌接合用ツール。   2. The friction stir welding tool according to claim 1, wherein a tip position of the outer blade is set to a position slightly closer to the inner blade side than the shoulder portion. パイプ材の端部にそれよりも大径のフランジ部材を摩擦撹拌接合をもって接合する方法であって、
摩擦撹拌接合のための回転式のツールは、摩擦面として機能するショルダー部と、パイプ材の内部に挿入可能な大きさの内刃、および上記ショルダー部よりも大径の外刃を有していて、
上記フランジ部材に形成された穴にパイプ材の端部を挿入してそのフランジ部材の端面とパイプ材の端面とを揃えた上で、それらフランジ部材とパイプ材との円環状の突き合わせ部に対し上記ツールの軸心方向での往動動作に基づくショルダー部の加圧力をもって摩擦撹拌接合を施し、
その摩擦撹拌接合と並行して上記フランジ部材の端面に発生したばりを外刃にて切削除去する一方、
摩擦撹拌接合を終えた後の上記ツールの軸心方向での復動動作時には、パイプ材の内面に発生したばりを内刃にて切削除去することを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合による二部材の接合方法。 It is a method of joining a flange member having a larger diameter to the end portion of the pipe material by friction stir welding,
A rotary tool for friction stir welding has a shoulder portion that functions as a friction surface, an inner blade that can be inserted into the pipe material, and an outer blade that is larger in diameter than the shoulder portion. And
After inserting the end of the pipe material into the hole formed in the flange member and aligning the end surface of the flange member and the end surface of the pipe material, against the annular butted portion of the flange member and the pipe material Friction stir welding is performed with the applied pressure of the shoulder based on the forward movement of the tool in the axial direction,
While removing the flash generated on the end face of the flange member in parallel with the friction stir welding,
Joining of two members by friction stir welding, characterized in that the flash generated on the inner surface of the pipe material is removed by cutting with an inner blade at the time of return movement in the axial direction of the tool after completion of friction stir welding. Method. 上記フランジ部材の端面に発生したばりの外刃による切削除去は、ツールの軸心方向での往動動作に基づく摩擦撹拌接合の末期に行われるものであることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の摩擦撹拌接合による二部材の接合方法。   The cutting removal by the outer blade of the flash generated on the end face of the flange member is performed at the end of the friction stir welding based on the forward movement operation in the axial direction of the tool. Method of joining two members by friction stir welding. 上記ツールの往動動作は当該ツールの正転状態で行い、上記ツールの復動動作は当該ツールの逆転状態で行うことを特徴とする請求項３または４に記載の摩擦撹拌接合による二部材の接合方法。   The forward movement operation of the tool is performed in a normal rotation state of the tool, and the backward movement operation of the tool is performed in a reverse rotation state of the tool. Joining method. 上記ツールの往動動作および復動動作は共に当該ツールの正転状態で行うことを特徴とする請求項３または４に記載の摩擦撹拌接合による二部材の接合方法。   5. The method of joining two members by friction stir welding according to claim 3, wherein both the forward movement operation and the backward movement operation of the tool are performed in a normal rotation state of the tool. 請求項３〜６のいずれかに記載の二部材の接合方法において、請求項１に記載のツールを用いることを特徴とする摩擦撹拌接合による二部材の接合方法。   The joining method of two members in any one of Claims 3-6 WHEREIN: The tool of Claim 1 is used, The joining method of the two members by friction stir welding characterized by the above-mentioned.
JP2008285338A 2008-11-06 2008-11-06 Friction stir welding tool and two-member joining method by friction stir welding Expired - Fee Related JP5210807B2 (en)

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CN102390017A (en) * 2011-08-05 2012-03-28 罗键 Milling-stirring friction welding combined machining device and near net shaping method of hollow molded cavity
CN102501074A (en) * 2011-10-12 2012-06-20 罗键 Cutting-stirring friction-welding combined machining equipment and manufacturing method thereof
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CN104772561B (en) * 2015-04-23 2018-02-27 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 Weld the friction stir welding method of harden structure and cylinder
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CN109570738A (en) * 2019-02-12 2019-04-05 黄山学院 It is a kind of for improving the stirring-head of copper alloy surface performance
CN110919164A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-03-27 湖南九方焊接技术有限公司 Stirring head capable of reducing welding seam flash of friction stir welding
CN116810045A (en) * 2023-04-10 2023-09-29 北京科技大学 Bar cutting discharging mechanism suitable for friction stir material adding device
CN116810045B (en) * 2023-04-10 2024-03-15 北京科技大学 Bar cutting discharging mechanism suitable for friction stir material adding device

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