JP2010105069A - Grinding machine and grinding method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grinding machine and a grinding method, capable of carrying out grinding with a single machine, even if a stem-like workpiece having different shapes at both axial ends is ground on a form grindstone. <P>SOLUTION: The grinding machine includes: a spindle 22 for rotatably supporting one axial end or the other axial end of the stem-like workpiece W, respectively; the form grindstone 42 provided on the workpiece W to be relatively movable at least in one predetermined direction intersecting with the rotation axis of the spindle 22 and rotatable around a grindstone axis for respectively grinding one and the other axial ends of the workpiece W; and an inverting device for holding the stem-like workpiece W and inverting the axial ends of the workpiece W. The form grindstone 42 includes a first grinding part 42a for grinding one axial end before the workpiece is inverted with the inverting device 50, and a second grinding part 42b provided at a position different from that of the first grinding part 42a for grinding the other axial end after the workpiece is inverted with the inverting device 50. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grinding machine and a grinding method for grinding a shaft-like workpiece with an overall shape grindstone.

Conventionally, a grinding machine that performs a relative movement of a general grinding wheel while rotating a shaft-like workpiece is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-228359 (Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 describes that one end portion in the axial direction of an axial workpiece is ground by moving a general-purpose grindstone in a direction oblique to the axial workpiece.
JP 62-228359 A (FIG. 1, claims)

  Here, the general-purpose grindstone has a shape that matches the shape of the grinding part. By using this general-purpose grindstone, high processing accuracy can be obtained while shortening the processing time. However, in order to grind both axial ends of axial workpieces with different shapes at both axial ends, it is necessary to have a grindstone with a shape matched to each axial end. A grinder with a grindstone was needed. As described above, since two grinding machines are required, there is a problem that the equipment cost is significantly increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and even when an axial workpiece having different shapes at both ends in the axial direction is ground with a grindstone, it can be ground by a single machine. An object is to provide a board and a grinding method.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the characteristics of the invention of the grinding machine according to claim 1 are:
In a grinding machine that rotatably supports axial workpieces having different shapes at both ends in the axial direction, and grinds both ends of the axial workpiece,
A main shaft rotatably supporting one axial end or the other axial end of the axial workpiece;
The shaft-shaped workpiece is provided so as to be relatively movable in a predetermined direction intersecting at least the rotation axis of the main shaft and to be rotatable around a grindstone axis, and the axial one end of the shaft-shaped workpiece and the An overall grinding wheel for grinding each of the other axial ends;
A reversing device for holding the axial workpiece and reversing one axial end and the other axial end of the axial workpiece;
With
The total shape grindstone is
A first grinding portion for grinding the axial one end before reversing by the reversing device;
A second grinding part that is provided at a different position from the first grinding part and grinds the other axial end part after being reversed by the reversing device;
It is to provide.

The feature of the invention according to claim 2 is that in claim 1,
The maximum outer diameter of the one axial end of the axial workpiece is different from the maximum outer diameter of the other axial end,
The shape of the first grinding part in the predetermined grinding wheel axis cross section is different from the shape obtained by translating the shape of the predetermined grinding wheel axis cross section of the second grinding part.

A feature of the invention according to claim 3 is that in claim 1 or 2,
The predetermined one direction is a direction oblique to the rotation axis of the main shaft.

A feature of the invention according to claim 4 is that in any one of claims 1 to 3,
The reversing device is movable in the reversing axis direction of the reversing device,
A first step of moving the shaft-like workpiece in a state where the axis of the shaft-like workpiece coincides with the rotation axis of the main shaft in the direction of the reversing axis of the reversing device;
A second step of inverting the axial one end and the axial other end of the axial workpiece;
A third step of moving the axial workpiece in the direction of the reversal axis of the reversing device so that the axis of the axial work coincides with the rotation axis of the main shaft;
Is to do.

A feature of the invention according to claim 5 is that in any one of claims 1 to 4,
The reversing device functions as a temporary support for temporarily supporting the shaft-like workpiece before and after being supported by the main shaft.

A feature of the invention according to claim 6 is that in any one of claims 1 to 5,
A tailstock center disposed opposite the main shaft and supporting an end of the shaft-like workpiece opposite to the end supported by the main shaft;
A rest that supports an outer peripheral side of the tailstock center and prevents bending of the tailstock center;
It is to provide.

The feature of the invention according to claim 7 is that in claim 6,
The tailstock center is provided so as not to rotate, and supports the shaft-shaped workpiece in a state of sliding with the shaft-shaped workpiece;
The outer peripheral surface of the tailstock center is formed in different shapes depending on the phase around the rotation axis of the main shaft.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention features of the grinding method according to claim 8 are characterized in that:
In a grinding method for grinding each of both ends of an axial workpiece having different shapes at both axial ends,
A main shaft that rotatably supports the one axial end or the other axial end of the axial workpiece;
The shaft-shaped workpiece is provided so as to be relatively movable in a predetermined direction intersecting at least the rotation axis of the main shaft and to be rotatable around a grindstone axis, and the axial one end of the shaft-shaped workpiece and the An overall grinding wheel for grinding each of the other axial ends;
A reversing device for holding the axial workpiece and reversing one axial end and the other axial end of the axial workpiece;
Using a grinding machine equipped with
The total shape grindstone is provided at a position different from the first grinding part and the first grinding part for grinding the axial one end before being reversed by the reversing device, and reversed by the reversing device. A second grinding portion for grinding the other axial end at a later time,
One end grinding step of grinding the one axial end by the first grinding part;
A reversing step of reversing one axial end and the other axial end of the axial workpiece by the reversing device;
The other end grinding step of grinding the other axial end with the second grinding part;
It is to provide.

  According to the invention concerning Claim 1 comprised as mentioned above, it has one general-purpose grindstone which grinds each of an axial direction one end part and an axial direction other end part of an axial work. And this total form grindstone is provided with the 1st grinding part which grinds the axial direction one end part of an axial workpiece, and the 2nd grinding part which grinds an axial direction other end part. Furthermore, the first grinding part and the second grinding part are provided at different positions.

  In this way, by providing the first and second grinding parts that grind different parts in one complete grindstone, the target axial workpiece can be obtained by one grinder equipped with one complete grindstone. It can be ground. Therefore, equipment cost and installation space can be significantly reduced.

  As in the invention according to claim 2, the maximum outer diameter of the axial one end portion of the axial workpiece is different from the maximum outer diameter of the other axial end portion, and the shape of the first grinding portion in the predetermined grindstone shaft cross section When the shape of the predetermined grinding wheel shaft cross section of the second grinding part is different from the shape of the second grinding part, the axial end of the axial workpiece and the shaft are particularly It was difficult to grind the other end in the direction. Even in such a case, the effect can be sufficiently exhibited by applying the present invention.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 3, the outer peripheral surface and end surface of a shaft-shaped workpiece can be ground simultaneously. Conventionally, when grinding the outer peripheral surface and the end face at the same time with a general grinding wheel, it is difficult to grind different parts from one axial end and the other axial end with the same general grinding wheel. there were. Even in such a case, the effect can be sufficiently exhibited by applying the present invention. That is, according to the present invention, the first grinding portion can simultaneously grind the outer peripheral surface and the end surface at one axial end portion of the axial workpiece, and the second grinding portion is the axial direction of the axial workpiece. The outer peripheral surface and the end surface at the other end can be ground simultaneously.

  Furthermore, by making it possible to move the overall grinding wheel in a direction oblique to the rotation axis of the main shaft, when the axial workpiece is inverted by the reversing device, the overall grinding stone can be easily positioned so as not to interfere with the axial workpiece. Can be avoided. In other words, a sufficient space for reversing the axial workpiece can be secured.

  Furthermore, by providing a configuration for moving the general grinding wheel in a direction oblique to the rotation axis of the main shaft, one end in the axial direction and the other end in the axial direction are reversed without traversing (cross-feeding) the general grinding wheel or the main shaft. The part can be ground. That is, it is not necessary to provide a large traverse drive mechanism in addition to the drive mechanism for the general-purpose grindstone. However, the minute axial movement can be handled by moving the main shaft supporting the axial workpiece.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, when the shaft-like workpiece is reversed by the reversing device, the shaft-like workpiece is once moved in the reversing axis direction of the reversing device by the reversing device. Accordingly, the axis of the axial workpiece when the axial workpiece is inverted by the reversing device is at a position shifted from the rotation axis of the main shaft. By doing in this way, when rotating a shaft-shaped workpiece, it can avoid that a shaft-shaped workpiece interferes with a spindle or other peripheral devices (for example, a sizing device).
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 5, a shaft-shaped workpiece can be temporarily supported, without providing a special provisional stand.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 6, when a tailstock center is provided, for example, when grinding one end part of an axial direction with the 1st grinding part of a total shape grindstone, the second grinding of a general shape grindstone The part may interfere with the tailstock center. This is because the first grinding part and the second grinding part of the general-purpose grindstone are formed at different positions. Therefore, the shape of the tailstock center is changed so that the tailstock center does not interfere with the overall grinding wheel. Therefore, in some cases, there is a case where the shape of the tailstock center is inevitably reduced. Even in such a case, even if the bending rigidity of the tailstock center is reduced by providing the rest that supports the outer peripheral side of the tailstock center, the end of the shaft-shaped workpiece is prevented by the rest and the tailstock center. The part can be reliably supported.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 7, there exists a possibility of interfering with a general-purpose grindstone in a tailstock center by providing a tailstock center so that rotation is impossible, and making it a shape which changes with the phases around the rotating shaft of a main shaft. It is possible to reduce the outer diameter of only the portion and increase the outer diameter of other portions. In other words, it is possible to avoid interference with the grinding wheel while increasing the bending rigidity of the tailstock center as much as possible.
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 8, there exists the same effect as the effect by the grinding machine which concerns on Claim 1 mentioned above.

Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying a grinding machine of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(1) Description of Axial Workpiece W First, an axial workpiece W (hereinafter referred to as “workpiece”) that is a grinding object of the grinding machine of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a side view of the workpiece W. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the workpiece W is a crankshaft of a vehicle. The crankshaft W has an axial shape with different shapes at both axial ends. Parts to be ground by the grinding machine of the present embodiment are a region A at the right end in FIG. 1 and a region B at the left end in FIG. Here, one end in the axial direction in the present invention corresponds to the region A in FIG. 1, and the other end in the axial direction corresponds to the region B in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the region A and the region B of the workpiece W have different shapes. Specifically, the region A of the workpiece W has a small diameter part A1 and a large diameter part A2, and the axial length of the small diameter part A1 is longer than the axial length of the large diameter part A2. Moreover, the area | region B of the workpiece W has the small diameter part B1 and the large diameter part B2. The axial length of the region B is much longer than the axial length of the region A. Further, the outer diameter of the small-diameter portion A1 in the region A is larger than the outer diameter of the small-diameter portion B1 in the region B. Further, the outer diameter of the large-diameter portion A2 in the region A is larger than the outer diameter of the large-diameter portion B2 in the region B.

(2) Structure of grinding machine The structure of the grinding machine of this embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the grinding machine. FIG. 3 is a front view of the grinding machine. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the tailstock center 32 along C-C. FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the general-purpose grindstone 42.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the grinding machine includes a bed 10, a headstock 20, a tailstock 30, a grinding wheel base 40, a reversing device 50, a tailstock 60, and a sizing device 70. Prepare.

  The bed 10 is placed on the floor. On the upper surface of the bed 10, two guide rails 11, 11 on which the grindstone base 40 can slide are on the upper side of FIG. 2, in a direction oblique to the left-right direction (Z-axis direction) of FIG. 2. It extends so as to be parallel to each other. Specifically, the guide rails 11 and 11 are formed to extend from the lower left side to the upper right side in FIG.

  Further, the bed 10 is provided with a ball screw 12 between the two guide rails 11, 11 for driving the grinding wheel base 40 along the guide rails 11, 11. The ball screw 12 is driven to rotate. A motor 13 is disposed.

  The headstock 20 rotatably supports one end of the workpiece W in the axial direction or the other end in the axial direction. The spindle stock 20 includes a spindle stock main body 21, a spindle 22, and a spindle center 23. The headstock main body 21 is disposed on the left side of the upper surface of the bed 10 on the front side of the guide rail 11 (lower side in FIG. 2). A hole that penetrates in the left-right direction in FIG. 2 is formed in the headstock main body 21. The spindle 22 is inserted and supported in the through hole of the headstock main body 21 so as to be rotatable around the Z axis in FIG. A spindle center 23 that supports one axial end or the other axial end of the workpiece W is attached to the right end of the spindle 22. The spindle center 23 can be moved back and forth in the direction of the rotation axis of the spindle 22 with respect to the spindle body 21. That is, when the workpiece W is supported by the spindle center 23, the spindle center 23 moves forward in the direction of protruding from the spindle head body 21 (right side in FIG. 2). On the other hand, when releasing the support of the workpiece W by the spindle center 23, the spindle center 23 moves backward in the direction in which the spindle center 23 is accommodated in the spindle head body 21 (left side in FIG. 2).

  The tailstock 30 supports one end of the workpiece W in the axial direction or the other end in the axial direction. The tailstock 30 includes a tailstock body 31 and a tailstock center 32. The tailstock body 31 is disposed on the upper surface of the bed 10 so as to face the headstock 20 in the rotational axis direction of the main shaft 22. The tailstock main body base 31 is formed with a hole penetrating in the left-right direction in FIG. A tailstock center 32 is inserted through the through hole of the tailstock body 31 so as not to rotate. The shaft center of the tailstock center 32 is located coaxially with the rotation axis of the main shaft 22. The tailstock center 32 supports the end of the workpiece W opposite to the end supported by the spindle center 23 in a state separated from the workpiece W. The tailstock center 32 can advance and retract in the axial direction of the tailstock center 32 with respect to the tailstock body 31. That is, when the workpiece W is supported by the tailstock center 32, the tailstock center 32 moves forward in the direction of protruding from the tailstock body 31 (left side in FIG. 2). On the other hand, when releasing the support of the workpiece W by the tailstock center 32, the tailstock center 32 moves backward in the direction in which the tailstock center 32 is accommodated in the tailstock body 31 (right side in FIG. 2).

  The detailed shape of the tailstock center 32 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the tailstock center 32 is formed in different shapes depending on the phase around the rotation axis of the main shaft 22. Specifically, the tailstock center 32 has a relief portion 32a formed by cutting off the upper portion of FIG. That is, the outer peripheral surface of the tailstock center 32 has the shortest distance from the shaft center of the tailstock center 32 on the upper side in FIG. The relief portion 32a is shaped so as not to interfere with the second grinding portion 42b of the general-purpose grindstone 42 when the region A of the workpiece W is ground by the first grinding portion 42a of the general-purpose grinding stone 42 described later. It is said that.

  The grindstone base 40 includes a grindstone base body 41, a total shape grindstone 42, and a grindstone rotating motor (not shown). The grindstone base body 41 is slidably disposed on the two guide rails 11 and 11 in the upper surface of the bed 10. That is, the grindstone base body 41 can move with respect to the bed 10 from the upper right to the lower left in FIG. Specifically, the grindstone base body 41 is connected to the nut member of the ball screw 12 and moves along the guide rails 11 and 11 by driving the motor 13.

  The grindstone base body 41 is formed with a hole (not shown) penetrating in the direction orthogonal to the guide rails 11 and 11. A grinding wheel rotating shaft member is rotatably supported in the through hole of the grinding wheel base body 41. A grinding wheel 42 is coaxially attached to one end of the grinding wheel rotating shaft member (lower right end in FIG. 2). A grinding wheel rotating motor (not shown) is fixed to the grinding wheel base body 41. Then, the pulley is suspended between the grinding wheel rotating shaft member and the rotating shaft of the grinding wheel rotating motor, so that the general-purpose grinding wheel 42 rotates around the grinding wheel axis by driving the grinding wheel rotating motor.

  The detailed shape of the outer peripheral surface of this general-purpose grindstone 42 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the outer peripheral surface of the general-purpose grindstone 42 is in a state where the region A of the workpiece W is located on the tailstock 30 side (a state before the workpiece W is reversed). In the state where the first grinding part 42a for grinding the region A and the region B of the workpiece W are located on the tailstock 30 side (the state after the workpiece W is reversed), And a second grinding part 42b for grinding the region B. The first grinding part 42a is located at a position different from that of the second grinding part 42b, more specifically, on the side of the grinding wheel head main body 41 in the direction of the rotation axis of the overall grinding wheel 42 from the second grinding part 42b.

  Further, the first grinding portion 42a corresponds to a shape in which the region A of the workpiece W is transferred, and the second grinding portion 42b corresponds to a shape in which the region B of the workpiece W is transferred. Accordingly, the shape of the first grinding portion 42a in the predetermined grindstone shaft cross section is different from the shape obtained by translating the shape of the second grinding portion 42b in the predetermined grindstone shaft cross section.

  The reversing device 50 is disposed at an intermediate position between the headstock 20 and the tailstock 30 on the upper surface of the bed 10. The reversing device 50 includes a rotation shaft 51 and a support portion 52. The rotating shaft 51 has a cylindrical shape, and is provided on the bed 10 so as to be rotatable around a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 2 and a vertical direction of FIG. Further, the rotation shaft 51 is movable in the vertical direction of FIG. A support portion 52 is fixed to the upper end of the rotating shaft 51. That is, the support part 52 can rotate at least 180 ° around the vertical direction of the upper surface of the bed 10 with respect to the bed 10 and can move in the vertical direction of the upper surface of the bed 10. The support 52 can support two journals of the workpiece W. The reversing device 50 functions as a temporary support for temporarily supporting the workpiece W before and after the workpiece W is supported by the spindle center 23 and the tailstock center 32.

  The tailstock 60 is disposed directly below the tailstock center 32 on the upper surface of the bed 10. The tailstock 60 supports the outer peripheral side of the tailstock center 32, particularly the lower surface of the tailstock center 32, and prevents the tailstock center 32 from bending. As described above, since the tailstock center 32 has the relief portion 32a, the bending rigidity may be reduced. However, by supporting the tailstock center 32 by the tailstock 60, it is possible to reliably prevent the tailstock center 32 from being bent.

  The sizing device 70 is disposed between the reversing device 50 and the tailstock 60 on the upper surface of the bed 10. The sizing device 70 outputs a signal to a control device (not shown) when the actual diameter of the processed portion of the workpiece W, the region A or the region B reaches a preset diameter. The sizing device 70 can be advanced and retracted in the vertical direction of FIG. That is, the sizing device 70 moves to the upper side in FIG. 2 so as to come into contact with the workpiece W when measuring the diameter of the workpiece W. On the other hand, when the diameter of the workpiece W is not measured, the sizing device 70 moves downward in FIG. 2 and retracts so as not to interfere with the workpiece W.

(3) Grinding method Next, the grinding method using the grinder mentioned above is demonstrated with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state of the workpiece carry-in step, that is, a state in which the workpiece W is carried into the grinding machine. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state of the region A machining step, that is, a state where the region A of the workpiece W is ground. 7A is a plan view and FIG. 7B is a front view. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state of the reversing device ascending step, that is, a state where the support portion 52 of the reversing device 50 is lifted. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state of the reversing step, that is, a state of reversing the support portion 52 of the reversing device 50. FIG. 9A is a plan view, and FIG. 9B is a front view. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a state of the reversing device lowering step, that is, a state of lowering the support portion 52 of the reversing device 50. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a state of the region B machining step, that is, a state where the region B of the workpiece W is ground. FIG. 11A is a plan view, and FIG. 11B is a front view.

  First, as shown in FIG. 6, when the workpiece W is carried in, the spindle center 23 is retracted toward the spindle base body 21 and the tailstock center 32 is retracted toward the tailstock body 31. . In this state, the workpiece W is carried in, and the workpiece W is placed on the support portion 52 of the reversing device 50 that functions as a temporary support. At this time, the axis of the workpiece W is brought into a state where it coincides with the rotation axis of the main shaft 22. Thereafter, the spindle center 23 is moved forward from the headstock body 21 and the tailstock center 32 is moved forward from the tailstock body 31 to support both ends of the workpiece W by the spindle center 23 and the tailstock center 32. To do. At this time, the region A of the workpiece W is adjusted to a position at which grinding can be performed by the first grinding portion 42 a of the general-purpose grindstone 42.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7, first, the support portion 52 of the reversing device 50 is lowered to separate the support portion 52 from the workpiece W. Subsequently, the workpiece W is rotated around the axis by rotating the main shaft 22. Further, the general-purpose grindstone 42 is moved along the guide rail 11 while rotating. As a result, the region A of the workpiece W is ground by the first grinding portion 42a of the general-purpose grindstone 42. At this time, the outer peripheral surface and the end surface of the region A of the workpiece W are simultaneously ground. Further, at this time, the second grinding portion 42 b of the general-purpose grindstone 42 does not interfere with the tailstock center 32.

  Subsequently, when the grinding process of the region A of the workpiece W is finished, as shown in FIG. 8, first, the support portion 50 of the reversing device 50 is slightly raised and supported by the spindle center 23 and the tailstock center 32. The workpiece W in the existing state is supported by the support portion 52 of the reversing device 50. Subsequently, the spindle center 23 and the tailstock center 32 are separated from the workpiece W. Thereafter, the support portion 52 of the reversing device 50 is further raised, and the reversing device 50 is stopped at a height at which the workpiece W does not interfere with the spindle center 23, the tailstock center 32, and the sizing device 70.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 9, the rotation shaft 51 of the reversing device 50 is rotated by 180 °, thereby reversing one axial end portion (region A) and the other axial end portion (region B) of the workpiece W. Let At this time, the general-purpose grindstone 42 is located at a position farthest from the headstock 20. That is, the grindstone base 40 does not exist in the region where the workpiece W rotates.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 10, the support portion 52 of the reversing device 50 is lowered so that the axis of the workpiece W coincides with the rotation axis of the main shaft 22. Thereafter, the spindle center 23 is moved forward from the headstock body 21 and the tailstock center 32 is moved forward from the tailstock body 31 to support both ends of the workpiece W by the spindle center 23 and the tailstock center 32. To do. At this time, the region B of the workpiece W is adjusted to a position where it can be ground by the second grinding portion 42b of the general-purpose grindstone 42.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 11, first, the support portion 52 of the reversing device 50 is lowered to separate the support portion 52 from the workpiece W. Subsequently, the workpiece W is rotated around the axis by rotating the main shaft 22. Further, the general-purpose grindstone 42 is moved along the guide rail 11 while rotating. As a result, the region B of the workpiece W is ground by the second grinding portion 42b of the general-purpose grindstone 42. At this time, the outer peripheral surface and the end surface of the region B of the workpiece W are simultaneously ground.

According to the grinding machine described above, the following effects can be obtained.
Each of the region A at one end in the axial direction and the region B at the other end in the axial direction of the workpiece W is ground by the single grindstone 42. Specifically, the general-purpose grindstone 42 includes a first grinding part 42a for grinding the region A of the workpiece W and a second grinding part 42b for grinding the region B. Furthermore, the first grinding part 42a and the second grinding part 42b are provided at different positions.

  In this way, by providing the first and second grinding portions 42a and 42b for grinding a different part in one complete grinding wheel, a single grinder equipped with one complete grinding wheel 42 can achieve the target work. Both ends of the object W can be ground. Therefore, equipment cost and installation space can be significantly reduced.

  Further, the general-purpose grindstone 42 is configured to move in a direction oblique to the rotation axis of the main shaft 22. Thereby, the outer peripheral surface and end surface of the workpiece W can be ground simultaneously. That is, the outer peripheral surface and the end surface can be ground simultaneously in the region A, and the outer peripheral surface and the end surface can be ground simultaneously in the region B.

  Further, by enabling the overall grindstone 42 to move in a direction oblique to the rotation axis of the main shaft 22, a position where the overall grindstone 42 does not interfere with the workpiece W when the workpiece W is reversed by the reversing device 50. Can be easily avoided. In other words, a sufficient space can be secured when the workpiece W is reversed.

  Further, by providing the configuration in which the general-purpose grindstone 42 is moved in a direction oblique to the rotation axis of the main shaft 22, the region A of the workpiece W and the traverse (transverse feed) of the general-purpose grindstone 42 or the main shaft 22 can be achieved. The inverted region B can be ground. That is, it is not necessary to provide a large traverse drive mechanism in addition to the drive mechanism for the general-purpose grindstone 42. However, the minute axial movement can be handled by moving the spindle center 23 and the tailstock center 32 that support the workpiece W.

Further, when the workpiece W is reversed by the reversing device 50, the workpiece W is once raised by the reversing device 50. Therefore, the axis of the workpiece W when the workpiece W is reversed by the reversing device 50 is at a position shifted from the rotation axis of the main shaft 22. By doing in this way, when rotating the workpiece W, it can avoid that the workpiece W interferes with the spindle center 23, the tailstock center 32, the sizing device 70, and the like.
Further, the reversing device 70 functions as a temporary holder for the workpiece W, so that the workpiece W can be temporarily supported without providing a dedicated temporary holder.

  In addition, since the general-purpose grindstone 42 includes the first grinding part 42a and the second grinding part 42b at different positions, the grinding wheel 42 interferes with the tailstock center 32 when the region A is ground by the first grinding part 42a. There was a risk. However, interference can be avoided by providing the escape portion 32a in the tailstock center 32. However, by providing the escape portion 32a in the tailstock center 32, the bending rigidity of the tailstock center 32 is lowered. By supporting the tailstock center 32 with the tailstock rest 60, a decrease in the bending rigidity of the tailstock center 32 is compensated. That is, by providing the tailstock 60, the end portion of the workpiece W can be reliably supported by the tailstock 60 and the tailstock center 32 even if the bending rigidity of the tailstock center 32 is lowered. .

<Other embodiments>
In the above-described embodiment, the overall grindstone 42 is configured to move in a direction oblique to the rotation axis of the main shaft 22 with respect to the workpiece W. However, the configuration is movable only in the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the main shaft 22. It is good. However, the outer peripheral surface and the end surface of the workpiece W can be simultaneously machined with high accuracy by moving the general-purpose grindstone 42 in the oblique direction.

2 is a side view of a workpiece W. FIG. It is a top view of a grinding machine. It is a front view of a grinding machine. It is CC expanded sectional drawing of the tailstock center 32. FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a general grinding wheel 42. It is a figure which shows the state of a workpiece carrying-in step, ie, the state which carries in the workpiece W to a grinding machine. It is a figure which shows the state of the area | region A process step, ie, the state which grinds the area | region A of the workpiece W, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view. It is a figure which shows the state of the reverse device raise step, ie, the state which raises the support part 52 of the reverse device 50. FIG. It is a figure which shows the state of the inversion step, ie, the state which reverses the support part 52 of the inversion apparatus 50, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view. It is a figure which shows the state of the reverse device descent | fall step, ie, the state which descends the support part 52 of the reverse device 50. FIG. 3B is a diagram showing a state of the region B machining step, that is, a state in which the region B of the workpiece W is ground, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a front view.

Explanation of symbols

10: Bed, 11: Guide rail, 12: Ball screw, 13: Motor 20: Spindle base, 21: Spindle base body, 22: Spindle base, 23: Spindle center 30: Tailstock, 31: Tailstock body, 32 : Tailstock center 32a: Relief part 40: Grinding wheel base 41: Grinding wheel base body 42: Total grinding wheel 42a: First grinding part 42b: Second grinding part 50: Reversing device 51: Rotating shaft 52: Supporting part 60: Tail rest, 70: Sizing device W: Workpiece, A, B: Area, A1, B1: Small diameter part, A2, B2: Large diameter part

Claims (8)

In a grinding machine that rotatably supports axial workpieces having different shapes at both ends in the axial direction, and grinds both ends of the axial workpiece,
A main shaft rotatably supporting one axial end or the other axial end of the axial workpiece;
The shaft-shaped workpiece is provided so as to be relatively movable in a predetermined direction intersecting at least the rotation axis of the main shaft and to be rotatable around a grindstone axis, and the axial one end of the shaft-shaped workpiece and the An overall grinding wheel for grinding each of the other axial ends;
A reversing device for holding the axial workpiece and reversing one axial end and the other axial end of the axial workpiece;
With
The total shape grindstone is
A first grinding portion for grinding the axial one end before reversing by the reversing device;
A second grinding part that is provided at a different position from the first grinding part and grinds the other axial end part after being reversed by the reversing device;
A grinding machine comprising: In claim 1,
The maximum outer diameter of the one axial end of the axial workpiece is different from the maximum outer diameter of the other axial end,
The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein a shape of the first grinding part in a predetermined grindstone axis section is different from a shape obtained by translating the shape of the predetermined grinding wheel axis section of the second grinding part. In claim 1 or 2,
The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined one direction is a direction oblique to a rotation axis of the main shaft. In any one of Claims 1-3,
The reversing device is movable in the reversing axis direction of the reversing device,
A first step of moving the shaft-like workpiece in a state where the axis of the shaft-like workpiece coincides with the rotation axis of the main shaft in the direction of the reversing axis of the reversing device;
A second step of inverting the axial one end and the axial other end of the axial workpiece;
A third step of moving the axial workpiece in the direction of the reversal axis of the reversing device so that the axis of the axial work coincides with the rotation axis of the main shaft;
A grinding machine characterized by performing. In any one of Claims 1-4,
The reversing device functions as a temporary support for temporarily supporting the shaft-like workpiece before and after supporting the spindle. In any one of Claims 1-5, Furthermore,
A tailstock center disposed opposite the main shaft and supporting an end of the shaft-like workpiece opposite to the end supported by the main shaft;
A rest that supports an outer peripheral side of the tailstock center and prevents bending of the tailstock center;
A grinding machine comprising: In claim 6,
The tailstock center is provided so as not to rotate, and supports the shaft-shaped workpiece in a state of sliding with the shaft-shaped workpiece;
An outer peripheral surface of the tailstock center is formed in a different shape depending on the phase around the rotation axis of the main shaft. In a grinding method for grinding each of both ends of an axial workpiece having different shapes at both axial ends,
A main shaft that rotatably supports the one axial end or the other axial end of the axial workpiece;
The shaft-shaped workpiece is provided so as to be relatively movable in a predetermined direction intersecting at least the rotation axis of the main shaft and to be rotatable around a grindstone axis, and the axial one end of the shaft-shaped workpiece and the An overall grinding wheel for grinding each of the other axial ends;
A reversing device for holding the axial workpiece and reversing one axial end and the other axial end of the axial workpiece;
Using a grinding machine equipped with
The total shape grindstone is provided at a position different from the first grinding part and the first grinding part for grinding the axial one end before being reversed by the reversing device, and reversed by the reversing device. A second grinding portion for grinding the other axial end at a later time,
One end grinding step of grinding the one axial end by the first grinding part;
A reversing step of reversing one axial end and the other axial end of the axial workpiece by the reversing device;
The other end grinding step of grinding the other axial end with the second grinding part;
A grinding method characterized by comprising:

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