JP2010099820A - Clamp device, method of machining cylindrical workpiece in lathe by clamp device, and method of machining cylindrical workpiece in milling machine by clamp device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a clamp device adapted to hold a non-elliptical cylindrical workpiece material without distortion, and directly hold a distorted non-elliptical cylindrical workpiece material, and finally machine them into a distortion-free elliptical cylindrical shape or optional non-elliptical cylindrical shape. <P>SOLUTION: The clamp device 100 includes: an installation section 2 to install a bottom surface 1A of a cylindrical workpiece and a circular workpiece 1 or the like by dividing them into multiple sections; a lift drive mechanism 20 to individually raise and lower installation surfaces 2A to 2H; a clamp mechanism 10 which is disposed at an outer peripheral surface position 2Y of each of these installation surfaces of the installation section, and expands and reduces in an outside diameter direction; and a pressure control mechanism 30 to control and apply an abutting pressure uniformly onto the bottom surface 1A and an outer peripheral surface 1B of the cylindrical workpiece with respect to the lift drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a clamping device that grips a combustion cylinder (cylindrical workpiece) such as a jet engine, a rocket engine, or a gas turbine that is a material workpiece of a non-true cylinder (cylindrical workpiece, circular workpiece, etc.), a circular workpiece, and the like, and combustion by this In particular, the non-cylindrical material workpiece is gripped without distortion, and the distorted non-cylindrical material workpiece is gripped as it is. The present invention relates to a clamping device that can be machined into a true cylindrical shape, and a lathe and milling machine machining method using the clamping device.

  In recent years, for example, there has been an increase in demands for low fuel consumption in order to cope with an increase in international logistics by aircraft and to improve the environment for the earth, and weight reduction and improvement in fuel consumption of aircraft have been attempted. As a specific measure, the number of jet engines is reduced from four to two, and the engine output per shot is increased. In connection with this, the combustion cylinder which forms the outer peripheral wall and injection port of an engine is also a non-circular outer peripheral surface with the large diameter and lengthening. Therefore, a special device must be applied to the clamp device that holds the combustion cylinder whose overall shape is easily distorted on the non-circular outer peripheral surface.

  A specific processing example of the combustion cylinder will be described below. The combustion cylinder is divided into short cylindrical bodies to form a cylindrical workpiece after processing. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the combustion cylinder 1 has a shape in which the outer diameter D continuously changes in a parabolic shape (a bowl shape) with respect to the axial direction O. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer periphery is exhibiting the uneven | corrugated shape in which the attachment seat 3 was provided over several places. For this reason, the combustion cylinder 1 is a cylindrical workpiece 1A divided into a predetermined length L in the axial direction, and this is processed as one unit. As shown in FIG. 5, the cylindrical workpiece 1A clamped by a jig on the table is processed by a boring cutter BC on the inner peripheral surface, and the outer peripheral surface without an uneven portion on the outer peripheral surface is a bite BT. The uneven part is processed by the front milling FC, and another cylindrical workpiece 1B is processed by the outer peripheral surface milling cutter MC connecting the uneven parts as shown in FIG. The cylindrical workpieces 1A and 1B are formed into a single parabolic (cage-shaped) combustion cylinder 1 'by milling a flange end face 1C of each cylindrical workpiece connected adjacently and connecting with fastening means after this processing. Is done.

  A specific example of the above processing method is shown in FIG. In the first step, (1) when roughing or turning milling outside the cylindrical workpiece 1A with a short dimension, when tightening to a jig on the table, the cylindrical workpiece is clamped while measuring with a dial gauge to determine if it is recessed. do. (2) Check the distortion after processing. Remove the clamp and check the strain by measuring with a dial gauge. (3) Finishing the outer peripheral surface. (4) Processing of the inner peripheral surface. Remove the top lid and finish inside. In the second step, (5) roughing and finishing the inner diameter and outer shape. Clamping is performed at, for example, eight places on a jig on the table of the cylindrical workpiece. {Circle around (6)} The inner pocket is processed to finish the processing. (7) After processing, measure the distortion of the outer peripheral surface and the upper end surface. The above processing method has a problem that a processing distortion error of about 2 mm occurs.

  Thus, a machining method for removing machining distortion of the cylindrical workpiece 1A has been proposed as shown in FIG. The processing method is changed from the first step to the third step. In the first step, (1) clamping is performed at 8 places on a jig on the table, and roughing is performed by turning inner and outer diameters. After processing, remove the clamp to release the distortion. (2) Insert the spacer S into the distorted gap and clamp it. Roughing of the end face and inner diameter by turning. After processing, the presence or absence of strain is measured in a clamped state and an unclamped state. If there is distortion, re-clamp and repeat roughing and measurement. Most of the distortion of the cylindrical workpiece 1A occurs in this turning process. In the second step, (3) when roughing the outside of the cylindrical workpiece, when clamping to a jig on the table, the cylindrical workpiece is clamped while measuring with a dial gauge to determine whether the cylindrical workpiece is recessed or not, and the upper lid is covered. (4) After processing, check the distortion. Remove the clamp and check the strain by measuring with a dial gauge. (5) Mill finish on the outer peripheral surface. (6) Processing of the inner peripheral surface, removing the upper lid and processing the inside. Then, in the third step, (7) at the time of inner working, the eight places on the outer periphery of the flange of the cylindrical workpiece are clamped while measuring with a dial gauge. Thereafter, finishing of the inner diameter and pocketing are performed. After processing, the inner diameter distortion between the clamped state and the free state is measured.

  The required accuracy of the cylindrical workpiece required by the above processing is the inner diameter portion: ± 0.051 mm and the total length: ± 0.1 mm. Whether or not this required accuracy is ensured in the first step is clamped to 8 jigs on the table, and after the rough machining by turning of the inner and outer diameters, the clamp is removed to release the distortion and the distortion It is governed by the accuracy of the manual work of clamping with a spacer in the gap. Therefore, the required accuracy of the cylindrical workpiece is limited by the skill level of the operator, and it is difficult to guarantee the machining of a high-quality cylindrical workpiece with minimal machining distortion. Has the problem of lowering.

  In order to solve the above problems, it is considered to develop a clamping device that clamps a cylindrical workpiece without distortion. As an example, there is a workpiece clamping device and a workpiece clamping method capable of suppressing clamping distortion while stably clamping the workpiece and improving machining accuracy by the machining apparatus. The configuration is such that the workpiece is clamped by the main clamp mechanism and positioned at a predetermined position, and this workpiece is further clamped by the sub-clamp mechanism. In the main clamp mechanism, the workpiece is clamped at a predetermined position by using the main clamper pressurizing means to pressurize the tip of the main clamper synchronously to the workpiece. In the sub-clamp mechanism, there is provided a mechanism that clamps the workpiece by pressing the tip of the sub-clamper in synchronization with the sub-clamper pressing means (for example, see Patent Document 1). ).

  Some workpieces having a thin peripheral wall can be accurately and firmly grasped by a large number of gripping claws arranged at high density without being distorted to perform highly accurate turning. The structure is such that a ring-shaped workpiece stopper that receives the end face of the workpiece is provided on the rear wall of the cylindrical chuck body fixed to the main spindle of the lathe, and is moved forward by pressure fluid near the front outer periphery of the chuck body. A large number of cylinders with pistons retreating at high density are arranged at high density, and a high-hardness round bar-shaped workpiece gripping claw with a spiral front face is fixed to the piston in a replaceable manner using the screw at the rear part A flexible power chuck for a lathe is provided, in which each cylinder is communicated with a pressure fluid supply means via a common control circuit, and the chuck body has means for holding the workpiece reference portion and the chuck body concentrically. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).

  Furthermore, the rotation control axis C-axis of the main shaft, the control axis X-axis perpendicular to the main axis of the turret tool post, the control axis Y-axis perpendicular to the C-axis and the X-axis of the turret tool post, and the C The tool edge is positioned on the X axis by the combined motion of the turret turning angle control axis Ct axis of the turret which is arranged parallel to the axis and the tool is mounted, and the rake angle of the tool cutting edge is tangent to the cutting point of the cutting surface In contrast, there is provided a non-round processing method by turning that performs control while maintaining a constant angle (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

  JP 2004-283985 A   JP 7-256505 A   Japanese Patent No. 3070990

  Both the clamping device and the lathe flexible power chuck employ a fluid cylinder as a drive source for clamping the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece with a large number of sub-clamp pieces without distortion. However, since the outer peripheral surface on one side of the workpiece is gripped and almost the entire outer peripheral surface is surrounded, there remains a problem that the turning of the outer peripheral surface is hindered. This problem is a serious problem in a clamping device for performing end face processing, outer peripheral surface processing, inner peripheral surface processing, and the like of a cylindrical workpiece obtained by dividing a combustion cylinder. Furthermore, there is a demand for the development of a novel clamping device and a machining method therefor that do not have a function as a clamping device that corrects gap distortion on the workpiece end surface that occurs before machining, and that should solve these problems.

  Further, the non-round machining method by turning is a technique for performing non-round machining of a predetermined dimension from a substantially round material, so that any non-round workpiece material is gradually cut intermittently, that is, continuous cutting. There is a problem that it is not possible to proceed to a perfect circle while letting it go. Furthermore, it is difficult to process an arbitrary non-circular workpiece material into a non-circular circle having a predetermined dimension.

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems in the above-described clamping device, lathe flexible power chuck, and processing method from a perfect circle to a non-perfect circle, and its purpose is to distort a non-cylindrical material workpiece. A clamping device that can grip a non-cylindrical material workpiece that is gripped and distorted as it is, and that can finally be processed into a true cylindrical shape without any distortion or a non-cylindrical shape of any shape, and a novel processing method using the clamping device are provided. There is.

  In order to achieve the above object, a clamping device according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises a mounting portion for placing a bottom surface of a cylindrical work, a circular work, etc. in a radially divided manner, and a lifting drive for moving up and down each mounting surface individually. A mechanism, a clamp mechanism which is disposed at the outer peripheral surface position of each mounting surface of the mounting portion and expands / contracts in the outer diameter direction, and the contact pressure on the bottom surface and outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece with respect to the lifting drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism And a pressure control mechanism for evenly controlling.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a clamping device according to the first aspect, wherein the elevating drive mechanism comprises a fluid driven cylinder and an elevating piston.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a clamping device according to the first aspect, wherein the clamping mechanism is a fluid pressure type foam lock chuck.

  The clamp apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 includes a mounting portion that places the bottom surface of a cylindrical workpiece, a circular workpiece, etc. in a radially divided manner, a lifting drive mechanism that individually lifts and lowers each of the mounting surfaces, and the mounting portion. A clamp mechanism that is disposed at the outer peripheral surface position of each mounting surface and expands and contracts in the outer diameter direction, and the contact pressure is uniformly applied to the bottom surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece with respect to the lifting drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism. Since the pressure control mechanism is provided, the non-cylindrical material workpiece is gripped without distorting the bottom surface and the outer peripheral surface even if the bottom surface has irregularities. Further, since the clamp mechanism is a fluid pressure type foam lock chuck, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece can be gripped more reliably and without distortion. Furthermore, since the lift drive mechanism is a fluid drive cylinder and a lift piston, the clamp mechanism and the lift drive mechanism can be operated smoothly and reliably.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for machining a cylindrical workpiece of a lathe using a clamping device, comprising: a mounting portion on which a bottom surface of a cylindrical workpiece, a circular workpiece or the like is radially divided and placed; and each mounting surface of the mounting portion. A clamp mechanism that is disposed at the outer peripheral surface position and expands / contracts in the outer diameter direction, an elevating drive mechanism that individually elevates and lowers each mounting surface, and the elevating drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism on the bottom surface and outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece. A clamping device composed of a pressure control mechanism that uniformly controls and applies the contact pressure is mounted on the main shaft that is the rotation control axis C axis of the lathe, and the tool post is moved in the direction perpendicular to the main shaft with the control axis X axis. The control axis is Y axis in a direction perpendicular to the C axis and the X axis.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for machining a cylindrical workpiece of a lathe by a clamping device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the lifting drive mechanism includes a fluid driven cylinder and a lifting piston. It is characterized by.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lathe cylindrical work machining method using a clamping device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the clamping mechanism is a fluid pressure type foam lock chuck. It is characterized by this.

  The cylindrical workpiece machining method for a lathe using the clamping device according to any one of claims 4 to 6 is such that the workpiece material of a non-true cylinder (cylindrical workpiece, circular workpiece, etc.) can be And the outer peripheral surface is gripped without being distorted. Subsequently, it is mounted on the main axis which is the rotation control axis C-axis of the lathe, the turret tool post is controlled by the control axis X-axis in the direction perpendicular to the main axis, and the turret tool post is controlled in the direction perpendicular to the C-axis and the X-axis. Since the process is performed on the Y axis, the distorted non-true cylindrical workpiece is processed by being gripped as it is, and finally processed into a true cylindrical work having no distortion or a non-true cylindrical work having a predetermined dimension. Furthermore, since the clamp mechanism is a fluid pressure type foam lock chuck, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece can be more reliably gripped without distortion. Furthermore, since the lift drive mechanism is a fluid drive cylinder and a lift piston, the clamp mechanism and the lift drive mechanism can be operated smoothly and reliably.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of machining a cylindrical workpiece of a lathe by a clamping device according to a seventh aspect of the present invention. A clamp mechanism that is disposed at the outer peripheral surface position and expands / contracts in the outer diameter direction, an elevating drive mechanism that individually elevates and lowers each mounting surface, and the elevating drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism on the bottom surface and outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece. A clamping device composed of a pressure control mechanism that uniformly controls and applies the contact pressure is mounted on a table of a milling machine so as to be able to turn, and is performed with a front cutting tool of a vertical spindle that processes the upper end surface of the cylindrical workpiece. Machining of the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical workpiece is performed with a boring cutter of a vertical spindle, and processing of a short outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical workpiece is performed with a milling cutter of a vertical spindle, and processing of the outer peripheral surface with an uneven seat of a cylindrical workpiece is performed. Performed in front cutting tool of the lateral principal axis, characterized in that to perform the machining of the flat outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical workpiece in bytes of the lateral principal axis.

  According to a eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lathe cylindrical workpiece machining method using the clamping device according to the seventh aspect, wherein the vertical spindle and the horizontal spindle are swingable. It is composed of a universal head.

  The cylindrical workpiece processing method for a lathe using the clamp device according to any one of claims 7 to 8 is such that a non-true cylindrical material workpiece is not distorted on the bottom surface and the outer peripheral surface even when the outer periphery and the bottom surface are uneven. Grasped. Subsequently, the workpiece is finally processed into a true cylindrical workpiece having no distortion or a non-true cylindrical workpiece having a predetermined size by a milling machine. If the vertical spindle and horizontal spindle are universal heads that can swing freely, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece, the outer peripheral surface with the concave and convex seats of the cylindrical workpiece, the inner peripheral surface, both end surfaces, etc. Evenly processed.

  According to the clamping device of the present invention, it is possible to grip a non-true cylinder or a material workpiece having irregularities on its bottom surface without distortion. In addition, a distorted non-cylindrical material workpiece can be reliably gripped in the state of distortion as it is, and finally round processing and non-round processing without distortion can be reliably performed.

  The method of machining a cylindrical workpiece of a lathe using the clamping device of the present invention is capable of gripping a non-true cylinder (cylindrical workpiece, circular workpiece, etc.) material workpiece without distortion, and holding a distorted non-true cylinder workpiece as it is. Ultimately, it can be processed into a true cylindrical work without distortion or a non-cylindrical work of a predetermined size. In addition, the outer peripheral surface, inner peripheral surface, and both end surfaces of the cylindrical workpiece can be processed fully automatically.

  According to the milling machine cylindrical workpiece processing method using the clamping device of the present invention, in particular, a non-true cylinder (cylindrical workpiece, circular workpiece, etc.) material workpiece can be gripped without being distorted, and a distorted non-true cylinder material workpiece is left as it is. A true cylindrical workpiece that is finally distorted can be machined by gripping. In addition, the outer peripheral surface, inner peripheral surface, and both end surfaces of the cylindrical workpiece can be processed fully automatically.

A first embodiment of the clamping device of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire clamping device, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the clamping device, and FIG. 3 is an operational sectional view of the clamping device.

  The clamping device 100 of the present invention is configured as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the main constituent requirements are a mounting portion 2 for mounting the bottom surface 1 </ b> A of the cylindrical workpiece 1 in a radially divided manner, and mounting surfaces 2 </ b> A to 2 </ b> H of the mounting portion 2. A clamp mechanism 10 that is arranged at the outer peripheral surface position 2Y and expands and contracts in the outer diameter direction, a lift drive mechanism 20 that lifts and lowers the mounting surfaces 2A to 2H individually, and the lift drive mechanism 20 and the clamp mechanism 10 It consists of a pressure control mechanism 30 that uniformly controls and applies the contact pressure to the bottom surface 1A of the cylindrical workpiece 1 and the large-diameter flange 1B 'of the outer peripheral surface 1B. The pressure control mechanism 30 includes an oil tank 30A, an oil pump 30B, and a motor 30C, and the discharge pressure is finely adjusted by a pressure regulator 30D. The hydraulic pressure is supplied to the clamp mechanism 10 and the elevation drive mechanism 20 by opening / closing operations with the on-off valves V1 and V2 interposed in the pipe P. Of course, instead of the oil pressure, compressed air (air source) EO may be used.

  Hereinafter, a detailed configuration of the clamping device 100 will be described. A square (or circular) machine body K is equipped with a disk-shaped mounting portion 2, and each mounting surface 2 </ b> A to 2 </ b> H divided into, for example, eight parts is mounted to divide the bottom surface 1 </ b> A of the cylindrical workpiece 1 into multiple parts. Are configured in a radial triangle. The mounting surfaces 2A to 2H of the mounting unit 2 are connected to the lifting bodies L1 to L8 of the lifting drive mechanism 20 so as to be movable up and down on the upper surface of the body K. Each of the lifting bodies L1 to L8 is fitted to cylinder bodies C1 to C8 arranged at the bottom of the body K, that is, directly below the mounting surfaces 2A to 2H. Thereby, the pressure oil controlled to the predetermined pressure from the pressure control mechanism 30 is supplied to each cylinder body 21A-21H simultaneously. Thereby, the raising / lowering bodies L1 to L8 of the raising / lowering driving mechanism 20 are finely adjusted with respect to the mounting surfaces 2A to 2H on the bottom surface 1A of the cylindrical work 1 regardless of the uneven distortion of the bottom surface, and the equal pressure It can be controlled and given.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the clamp mechanism 10 employs a fluid pressure type foam lock chuck. For example, eight sets are arranged at outer peripheral surface positions 2Y of the mounting surfaces 2A to 2H on the upper surface of the machine body K, and clamp pieces 10A to 10H that expand and contract in the outer diameter direction are fitted to the cylinder bodies 21A to 21H. . Thus, by supplying pressure oil controlled to a predetermined pressure from the pressure control mechanism 30 to the cylinder bodies 21A to 21H all at once, each of the clamp pieces 10A to 10H has the outer peripheral surface 1B or the large diameter of the cylindrical workpiece 1. Regardless of the unevenness distortion or non-circularity, the amount of movement in the center direction can be finely adjusted for each of the ridges 1B ′, and can be imparted by controlling to equal pressure. When the cylindrical workpiece 1 is machined by a horizontal lathe, a holding cylinder HK held by a chuck is provided on the back surface of the machine body K. Further, when the cylindrical workpiece 1 is processed by the milling machine, the holding cylinder HK is disposed on the rotary table.

  The clamping device 100 of the present invention operates as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 3, the cylindrical workpiece, the circular workpiece 1, and the like are placed on the mounting surfaces (upper surfaces) 2 </ b> A to 2 </ b> H in which the bottom surface 1 </ b> A divides the mounting portion 2 into multiple portions. Here, pressure oil (or air pressure) controlled to a predetermined pressure from the pressure control mechanism 30 is supplied to the cylinder bodies C <b> 1 to C <b> 8 of the elevating drive mechanism 20 all at once. Thereby, each raising / lowering body L1-L8 contacts the bottom surface 1A of the cylindrical workpiece 1 with the ascending amount irrespective of the uneven distortion, and is given control to equal pressure with respect to each mounting surface 2A-2H of the raising / lowering drive mechanism 20. . Therefore, even if the bottom surface 1A of the cylindrical work / circular work 1 or the like is an uneven surface before processing or there is processing distortion caused during processing, each mounting surface (upper surface) 2A to 2H of the clamping device 100 is provided. Is placed following the surface shape of the bottom surface 1A. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4, clamp holding is performed by the clamp pieces 10 </ b> A to 10 </ b> H fitted to the cylinder bodies 21 </ b> A to 21 </ b> H of the clamp mechanism 10 with respect to the outer peripheral surface position 2 </ b> Y of the cylindrical work / circular work 1. To do. In the operation procedure, pressure oil (or air pressure) controlled to a predetermined pressure from the pressure control mechanism 30 is injected into the cylinder bodies 21 </ b> A to 21 </ b> H of the clamp mechanism 10. As a result, the clamp pieces 10A to 10H in a state of being expanded in the outer diameter direction are finely adjusted on the outer peripheral surface 1B of the cylindrical workpiece 1 independently of the amount of movement in the center direction regardless of the uneven distortion or non-circularity. Then, it is applied with uniform pressure and clamped.

  As described above, the cylindrical workpiece / circular workpiece 1 or the like is gripped without being distorted even if it is a non-true cylindrical workpiece. Further, since the clamp mechanism is a fluid pressure type foam lock chuck, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece can be gripped more reliably and without distortion. Furthermore, since the lift drive mechanism is a fluid drive cylinder and a lift piston, the clamp mechanism and the lift drive mechanism can be operated smoothly and reliably. When the cylindrical workpiece 1 is machined by a horizontal lathe, a holding cylinder HK that is held by a chuck (not shown) is provided on the back surface of the machine body K. Further, when the cylindrical workpiece 1 is processed by the milling machine, the holding cylinder HK is disposed on a rotary table (not shown).

  The clamp device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following effects. In particular, it is possible to grip a non-true cylinder or a material workpiece having irregularities on the bottom surface without distortion. In addition, a distorted non-cylindrical material workpiece can be reliably gripped in the state of distortion as it is, and finally round processing and non-round processing without distortion can be reliably performed. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a clamping device when the cylindrical workpiece 1 is machined by a horizontal lathe or a milling machine.

  In addition, the clamp apparatus 100 of this invention is not limited to the structure in the said 1st Embodiment, A design change can be made freely within the summary of the invention. For example, the design change of the detailed configuration of the clamp mechanism and the descending drive mechanism and the design change of the detailed configuration of the pressure control mechanism that controls and applies the lifting drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism equally are possible.

  Next, a lathe cylindrical workpiece machining method using the clamp device 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. First, FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a CNC control device using a horizontal lathe, FIG. 5 is an external view of a cylindrical workpiece, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of each processing portion of the cylindrical workpiece.

  A horizontal lathe 200 using the clamping device 100 is configured as shown in FIG. The horizontal lathe 200 includes a main shaft 201 serving as a rotation control axis C, a control axis X-axis 202 that controls the tool post T to advance and retract in a direction perpendicular to the axis O of the main shaft, and the tool post T to the main shaft. 201, a control axis Y axis 203 that moves in the direction of the axis O of 201, and an outer diameter detection means 204 that detects a radius value 0X from the center position 01 of the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 gripped by the main shaft 201 to the outer peripheral surface. The radius value storage means 205 that stores the radius value 0X from the outer diameter detection means 204 for each rotation angle position of the spindle 201 and the radius value that is stored in the radius value storage means 205 is output for each rotation angle position of the spindle 201. And a drive control means 207 for driving the control axis X axis 202 by the radius value 0X from the radius value output means 206 and controlling the tool post T to advance and retreat in a direction perpendicular to the axis O of the spindle. And all Consisting CNC controller 210. for operation control means 201 to 207 by software (cutting operation program). The specific configuration of the outer diameter detecting means 204 is a sensor type that detects the distance between the surface of the outer diameter 1B and the proximity sensor S as a radius value 0X, and outputs the numerical value to the radius value storage means 205; The roller R that is in contact with the outer diameter surface moves up and down according to the unevenness amount of the outer diameter surface, detects the radius value 0X based on the amount of the protruding and moved movement, and outputs the numerical value to the radius value storage unit 205. Either is arbitrarily adopted.

  Therefore, according to the horizontal lathe 200, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is cut. First, in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1, the lifting bodies 20 </ b> A to 20 </ b> H are associated with the uneven distortion on the bottom surface 1 </ b> A of the cylindrical workpiece 1 with respect to the mounting surfaces 2 </ b> A to 2 </ b> H of the lifting / lowering drive mechanism 20. The amount of increase is finely adjusted, and control is given to a uniform pressure. Further, the clamp pieces 10A to 10H are finely adjusted on the outer peripheral surface 1B of the cylindrical workpiece 1 regardless of the unevenness distortion or non-circularity, and the amount of movement in the center direction is finely adjusted for each pressure so as to be controlled to equal pressure, so that there is no gripping distortion. Retained. The cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 held by the clamping device 100 is held by the chuck 40 of the horizontal lathe 200 on the holding cylinder HK provided on the back surface of the machine body K.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the horizontal lathe 200 is automatically operated by the CNC control device 210. If the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is a non-perfect circle, the radius value 0X of the non-perfect circle is detected by the outer diameter detection means 204 for each rotation angle position of the main shaft 201. Then, a radius value output means 206 for outputting the radius value stored in the radius value storage means 205 for each rotation angle position of the main shaft 201 causes the drive control means 207 to control the control shaft based on the radius value 0X from the radius value output means 206. The X axis 202 is driven, and the tool post T is controlled to advance and retreat in a direction perpendicular to the axis O of the main shaft (outer diameter direction). As a result, intermittent cutting by the cutting tool B does not occur on the outer peripheral surface of the non-circular circle, and smooth turning is performed with a uniform cutting amount. In other words, if the non-perfect outer peripheral surface is finished with respect to the non-perfect outer peripheral surface, the drive control means 207 corrects and controls the control axis X axis 202 while correcting the radius value 0X to the finished dimension. . Further, if the outer peripheral surface of the non-perfect circle is finished to be a perfect outer peripheral surface, the driving control means 207 corrects and controls the control axis X axis 202 while correcting the radius value 0X to the finished dimension.

  The specific example is that in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 of FIG. 5, the outer peripheral surfaces of the machining locations (a), (b), (c), and (f) have a non-circular shape shown in FIG. A radius value 0X from the center O1 similar to this becomes a byte locus OX1. The outer peripheral surface of the machining locations (a), (b), (c), and (f) in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is controlled to be a perfect circle or non-circular dimension of a predetermined shape under the control of the bite locus OX1. Processed. Further, in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 of FIG. 5, the outer peripheral surfaces of the processing locations (d) and (e) are non-circular (the outer periphery provided with hemispherical protrusions periodically) shown in FIG. 6 (II). None, a radius value 0X from the center O1 similar to this becomes the bite locus OX2. The outer peripheral surface of the machining locations (d) and (e) in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is machined into a non-circular dimension of a predetermined shape under the control of the bite locus OX2. Furthermore, in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 in FIG. 5, the outer peripheral surface of the processing location (g) is a non-true circle (outer periphery provided with a convex surface periodically) shown in FIG. A radius value 0X from the center O1 similar to this becomes a byte locus OX3. The outer peripheral surface of the machining location (g) in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is machined into a non-circular dimension of a predetermined shape under the control of the bite locus OX3. In this way, the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is finished into an arbitrary shape even if the outer peripheral shape before processing has a non-round or uneven portion. Of course, not only the outer peripheral surface but also the end surface and the inner peripheral surface are similarly finished to an arbitrary shape by switching between the tool post T and the tool B direction.

  According to the lathe cylindrical workpiece machining method using the clamp device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. In particular, a non-cylinder material workpiece can be gripped without being distorted, and a distorted non-cylinder material workpiece can be gripped as it is to finally process a true cylinder workpiece without distortion. In addition, the outer peripheral surface, inner peripheral surface, and both end surfaces of the cylindrical workpiece can be processed fully automatically.

  The lathe cylindrical workpiece machining method by the clamping device 100 of the present invention is not limited to the configuration in the above embodiment, and the design can be freely changed within the gist of the invention. For example, the detailed configuration of the clamp mechanism and the descending drive mechanism, and the detailed configuration of the pressure control mechanism that controls and applies the lifting drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism equally. Further, although the details of the drive control means and software (cutting operation program) for controlling the lathe were not disclosed in detail, various software (cutting operation programs) in the CNC control device in the existing lathe are available. In addition to being applicable, appropriate specification changes and design changes are possible. For example, the turret T is usually equipped with a plurality of cutting tools and adopts a turret method that is automatically and selectively switched.

  Then, the cylindrical workpiece processing method of the milling machine by the clamp apparatus 100 which becomes 3rd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. First, FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a CNC control device using a milling machine, FIG. 8 is a machining front view of a cylindrical workpiece, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view of each machining location of the cylindrical workpiece.

  The milling machine 300 using the clamping device 100 is configured as shown in FIG. It is mounted on the table 301 of the milling machine 300 so as to be able to turn, and is performed by the front cutting tool C1 of the vertical spindle VH that processes the upper end surface 1A of the cylindrical work 1, and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical work 1 is processed by the vertical spindle VH. The boring cutter BC is used to process the short outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece 1 with the milling cutter MC of the vertical spindle, and the outer peripheral surface 1B with the uneven seat of the cylindrical workpiece is processed with the front cutting tool C1 of the horizontal spindle HH. Then, the processing of the flat outer peripheral surface 1D of the cylindrical workpiece 1 is performed with the cutting tool BT of the horizontal main shaft HH. It should be noted that an outer diameter detecting means 204 for detecting a radius value 0X from the center position 01 of the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 to the outer peripheral surface at the time of processing the outer peripheral surface 1B having a non-circular outer periphery or an uneven seat, and a cylinder A radius value storage unit 205 that stores a radius value 0X from the outer diameter detection unit 204 for each rotation angle position of the workpiece (workpiece) 1, and a radius value stored in the radius value storage unit 205 is a cylindrical workpiece (workpiece). Material) Radial value output means 206 that outputs at each rotation angle position of 1 and the radial value 0X from this radius value output means 206 drives the horizontal main shaft HS or the swingable universal head UH to the machining surface. Drive control means 207 for performing forward / backward control, and a CNC control device 210 for controlling the operation of all means 201 to 207 by software (cutting operation program). The specific configuration of the outer diameter detecting means 204 is such that the distance between the outer diameter surface 1B and the proximity sensor S is detected as a radius value 0X, and the numerical value is output to the radius value storage means 205, and the outer diameter The roller R brought into contact with the surface moves up and down by the amount of unevenness on the surface of the outer diameter, detects the radius value 0X based on the amount of movement and the amount of movement, and outputs the numerical value to the radius value storage means 205. Adopted.

  Therefore, according to the milling machine 300, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is cut as seen in FIGS. First, in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1, the lifting bodies 20 </ b> A to 20 </ b> H are associated with the uneven distortion on the bottom surface 1 </ b> A of the cylindrical workpiece 1 with respect to the mounting surfaces 2 </ b> A to 2 </ b> H of the lifting / lowering drive mechanism 20. The amount of ascent is finely adjusted and equal pressure is controlled, and the clamp pieces 10A to 10H have the amount of movement in the center direction on the outer peripheral surface 1B of the cylindrical workpiece 1 regardless of irregularities or non-circularity. Each is finely adjusted and given a uniform pressure, and is held without gripping distortion. In the clamping device 100, a holding cylinder HK provided on the back surface of the machine body K is mounted on a table 301 of a milling machine 300 in a turnable manner.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, automatic operation of the milling machine 300 is performed by the CNC control device 310. If the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is not a perfect circle, the radius value 0X of the non-true circle is detected by the outer diameter detection means 204 for each rotation angle position of the clamp device 100 (cylindrical workpiece 1). To do. Then, a radius value output means 206 for outputting the radius value stored in the radius value storage means 205 for each rotation angle position of the cylindrical workpiece 1 causes the drive control means 207 to be a horizontal type by the radius value 0X from the radius value output means 206. The main shaft HH is advanced and retracted in the radial direction, and machining is started with the front blade C1. As a result, the outer peripheral surface machining of the non-circular cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 can be stably carried out without causing tooth damage under the uniform cut amount. Accordingly, since the machining of the flat outer peripheral surface 1D of the cylindrical workpiece 1 has a slight change in the radius value 0X, the cutting tool 207 does not cause the horizontal main shaft HH to advance or retreat in the radial direction, so that the cutting tool BT of the horizontal main shaft HH is used. Or the front cutting tool C1 is controlled by a predetermined cut amount. Furthermore, if the outer surface of the non-perfect circle (or perfect circle) is finished to a non-circular outer peripheral surface having a predetermined dimension, the drive control means 207 corrects the horizontal spindle HH by correcting the radius value 0X in the finished dimension. This is performed under correction control. In this way, the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is finished into an arbitrary shape even if the outer peripheral shape before processing has a non-round or uneven portion. Of course, not only the outer peripheral surface but also the inner peripheral surface and the end surface are processed by the front cutting tool C1 of the vertical spindle VH that processes the upper end surface 1A of the cylindrical workpiece 1, and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece 1 is processed by the vertical spindle. This is done with a VH boring cutter BC.

  The specific example is the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 in FIG. 8, and in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 in FIG. 8, the outer peripheral surfaces of the machining locations (a), (b), (c), and (f) are: A non-true circle shown in FIG. 9 (I) is formed, and a radius value 0X from the center O1 similar to this becomes a byte locus OX4. The outer peripheral surface of the machining locations (a), (b), (c), and (f) in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is controlled to be a perfect circle or a non-circular dimension of a predetermined shape by being controlled like this cutting locus OX4. Processed. Further, in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 in FIG. 8, the outer peripheral surfaces of the processing locations (d) and (e) are non-circular (the outer periphery provided with hemispherical protrusions periodically) shown in FIG. 9 (II). None, a radius value 0X from the center O1 similar to this becomes a bite locus OX5. The outer peripheral surface of the machining locations (d) and (e) in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is machined into a non-circular dimension of a predetermined shape under the control of the cutting locus OX5. Further, in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 of FIG. 8, the outer peripheral surface of the machining location (g) is a non-circular shape (the outer periphery provided with a convex surface periodically) shown in FIG. A radius value 0X from the center O1 similar to this becomes a cutting locus OX6. Under the control of the cutting locus OX6, the outer peripheral surface of the machining location (g) in the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is machined into a non-circular dimension of a predetermined shape. In this way, the cylindrical workpiece (workpiece) 1 is finished into an arbitrary shape even if the outer peripheral shape before processing has a non-round or uneven portion. Of course, not only the outer peripheral surface but also the end surface and the inner peripheral surface are similarly finished to an arbitrary shape by the boring cutter BC.

  According to the cylindrical workpiece processing method of a milling machine by the clamp device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. In particular, a non-cylinder material workpiece can be gripped without being distorted, and a distorted non-cylinder material workpiece can be gripped as it is to finally process a true cylinder workpiece without distortion. In addition, the outer peripheral surface, inner peripheral surface, and both end surfaces of the cylindrical workpiece can be processed fully automatically.

  In addition, the cylindrical work processing method of the milling machine by the clamp apparatus 100 of this invention is not limited to the structure in the said 1st Embodiment, A design change can be made freely within the summary of the invention. For example, the detailed configuration of the clamp mechanism and the descending drive mechanism, and the detailed configuration of the pressure control mechanism that controls and applies the lifting drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism equally. Further, the details of each means and software (cutting operation program) of the drive control means for controlling the milling machine were not disclosed, but various software (cutting operation programs) in the CNC control device in the existing milling machine are In addition to being applicable, appropriate specification changes and design changes are possible.

  In the present invention, the object is described in the embodiment of the cylindrical workpiece. However, the present invention can be applied to various types of workpieces. For example, a cylindrical circular workpiece or a polygonal workpiece can be implemented.

1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention and is a perspective view of an entire clamping device. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a clamp device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the operation of the clamp device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The 2nd Embodiment of this invention is shown and it is a block diagram of a horizontal lathe and this CNC control apparatus. The 2nd Embodiment of this invention is shown and it is an external view of a cylindrical workpiece. It is sectional drawing of each processing location of the cylindrical workpiece which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a milling machine and this CNC control device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The 3rd Embodiment of this invention is shown and it is a process front view of a cylindrical workpiece. It is sectional drawing of each processing location of the cylindrical workpiece which shows the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the processing method of the combustion cylinder by a lathe showing a conventional method. It is a perspective view of the processing method of the combustion cylinder by a milling machine which shows the conventional method. It is a perspective view of the partial processing of the combustion cylinder by a milling machine, showing a conventional method. It is process drawing of the processing method of a cylindrical workpiece which shows a conventional method. It is process drawing of the processing method which shows the conventional method and removes the processing distortion of a cylindrical workpiece.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylindrical workpiece 1A Bottom surface 1B Outer peripheral surface 1B 'Large diameter ridge 1C Upper surface 2 Mounting part 2A-2H Mounting surface 2Y Outer peripheral surface 10 Clamp mechanism 10A-10H Clamp piece 21A-21H Cylinder body 20 Elevating drive mechanism L1-L8 Elevating body C1- C8 Cylinder body 30 Pressure control mechanism 30A Oil tank 30B Oil pump 30C Motor 30D Pressure regulator 100 Clamp device EO Compressed air (air source)
K Airframe HK Holding cylinder P Piping 0 Spindle axis 01 Center position 0X Radius value 0X1 Byte locus 0X2 Byte locus 0X3 Byte locus 0X4 Cutting locus 0X5 Cutting locus 0X6 Cutting locus R Roller S Proximity sensor VH Vertical spindle HH Horizontal spindle UH Universal head 200 Horizontal lathe 201 Spindle (Rotation control axis C axis)
202 Control axis X axis 203 Control axis Y axis 204 Outer diameter detection means 205 Radius value storage means 206 Radius value output means 207 Drive control means 210 CNC controller 300 Milling machine

Claims (8)

  Placed on the outer peripheral surface position of each mounting surface of the mounting part, the mounting part that divides the bottom surface of cylindrical work, circular work etc. radially and divides and mounts, the lifting drive mechanism that raises and lowers each mounting surface individually A clamp mechanism that expands and contracts in the outer diameter direction, and a pressure control mechanism that uniformly controls and applies the contact pressure to the bottom surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece with respect to the lifting drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism. And clamping device.   2. The clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the elevating drive mechanism comprises a fluid drive cylinder and an elevating piston.   2. The clamping device according to claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism is a fluid pressure type foam lock chuck.   A mounting portion that divides the bottom surface of a cylindrical workpiece or circular workpiece into multiple pieces radially, a clamp mechanism that is disposed at the outer peripheral surface position of each mounting surface of the mounting portion and expands / contracts in the outer diameter direction, and each of the mounting surfaces A lathe comprising a lift drive mechanism that individually lifts and lowers, and a pressure control mechanism that uniformly controls and applies the contact pressure to the bottom surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece with respect to the lift drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism, Is attached to the main axis which is the rotation control axis C axis of the turret, the turret is moved in the direction perpendicular to the main axis by the control axis X axis, and the turret is moved in the direction perpendicular to the C axis and the X axis by the control axis Y axis. A lathe cylindrical workpiece machining method using a clamping device characterized by   5. The method for machining a cylindrical workpiece of a lathe by a clamping device according to claim 4, wherein the lifting drive mechanism comprises a fluid drive cylinder and a lifting piston.   5. The method of machining a cylindrical workpiece of a lathe with a clamping device according to claim 4, wherein the clamping mechanism is a fluid pressure type foam lock chuck.   A mounting portion that divides the bottom surface of a cylindrical workpiece or circular workpiece into multiple pieces radially, a clamp mechanism that is disposed at the outer peripheral surface position of each mounting surface of the mounting portion and expands / contracts in the outer diameter direction, and each of the mounting surfaces A milling machine comprising: a lifting drive mechanism for individually lifting and lowering; and a pressure control mechanism for uniformly controlling and applying the contact pressure to the bottom surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece with respect to the lifting drive mechanism and the clamp mechanism It is mounted on the table of the cylinder work piece with a vertical spindle front cutting tool that processes the upper end surface of the cylindrical workpiece, and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece is machined with a vertical spindle boring cutter. Machining of the outer peripheral surface is performed with a milling cutter of the vertical spindle, processing of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece with an uneven seat is performed with the front cutter of the horizontal spindle, and processing of the flat outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical workpiece is performed with the horizontal spindle. Cylindrical workpiece machining method according milling for causing performed at site.   8. The method of machining a cylindrical workpiece by a milling machine according to claim 7, wherein the vertical spindle and the horizontal spindle are constituted by a universal head that can swing freely.

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