JP2010089394A - Plate-like composite material and long fiber knitted sheet - Google Patents

Plate-like composite material and long fiber knitted sheet Download PDF

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JP2010089394A
JP2010089394A JP2008262278A JP2008262278A JP2010089394A JP 2010089394 A JP2010089394 A JP 2010089394A JP 2008262278 A JP2008262278 A JP 2008262278A JP 2008262278 A JP2008262278 A JP 2008262278A JP 2010089394 A JP2010089394 A JP 2010089394A
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plate
long fiber
reinforced plastic
composite material
fiber reinforced
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JP4964855B2 (en
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Koichiro Ueda
耕一郎 上田
Tadashi Nakano
忠 中野
Hirobumi Taketsu
博文 武津
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Nippon Steel Nisshin Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plate-like metal and long fiber reinforced plastic composite material having high specific strength and excellent workability. <P>SOLUTION: This plate-like composite material is formed by integrating a metal plate with a long fiber reinforced plastic plate formed by hardening a long fiber knitted sheet with an elongation percentage of 10-30% in both length and breadth directions, with resin with a tensile elongation of 10% or more. It is preferable to set the total thickness of the metal plate taking up the plate thickness, to 10-50%. Carbon fiber, for instance, can be exemplified as the long fiber. The plate-like composite material with the tensile strength in at least one direction being 850 MPa or more serves as a suitable object. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、長繊維強化プラスチック板と金属板との複合材料、並びにその素材に適した長繊維編物シートおよび長繊維強化プラスチック板に関する。   The present invention relates to a composite material of a long fiber reinforced plastic plate and a metal plate, and a long fiber knitted sheet and a long fiber reinforced plastic plate suitable for the material.

金属と繊維強化プラスチックを接合した複合材料は、金属材料単体の場合と比較して比強度(引張強さ/比重の比)を大幅に向上させることが可能であることから、建築物、自動車、船舶などの構成部材として普及しつつある。   A composite material made by joining metal and fiber reinforced plastic can greatly improve the specific strength (tensile strength / specific gravity ratio) compared to the case of a single metal material. It is becoming widespread as a structural member for ships and the like.

繊維強化プラスチックとしては、短繊維を樹脂組成物のマトリクス中に分散配合させたもの、長繊維を樹脂に埋め込んだもの、および長繊維からなる織物シートを樹脂で固めたものが知られている。繊維の種類は用途に応じて様々であるが、強度特性に優れた長繊維としては炭素繊維やガラス繊維などが代表的である。このような高強度長繊維を用いた「長繊維強化プラスチック板」は強度が非常に高いので、板状金属材料の比強度向上には特に有利である。   Known fiber-reinforced plastics are those obtained by dispersing and blending short fibers in a matrix of a resin composition, those obtained by embedding long fibers in a resin, and those obtained by solidifying a woven sheet made of long fibers with a resin. There are various types of fibers depending on the application, but carbon fibers and glass fibers are typical examples of long fibers having excellent strength characteristics. The “long fiber reinforced plastic plate” using such high-strength long fibers has a very high strength, and is particularly advantageous for improving the specific strength of the plate-like metal material.

しかしながら、高強度繊維を用いた従来の長繊維強化プラスチック板は延性に乏しく、加工性をほとんど有していない。そのため、金属板表面に長繊維強化プラスチック板を接合して板状の複合材料を構築しても、それを素材として種々の形状の製品に成形加工することは極めて困難である。所望形状の金属/長繊維強化プラスチック複合材料を得るためには、金属板を所定形状に成形した金属部材と、同様形状に固めた長繊維強化プラスチック部材を別々に作製したのち、両部材を接着剤で接合する手法を採用するのが一般的である。あるいは、長繊維の織物シートに例えば熱硬化性樹脂の液を含浸させてプリプレグシートとし、これを成形加工済みの金属部材の表面に貼り付けたのち、加熱処理して樹脂を硬化させる手法を採用することもある。いずれの手法も工程負荷および製造コストの面で問題が多く、金属/長繊維強化プラスチック複合材料を用いた加工製品の普及を阻む要因となっている。   However, conventional long fiber reinforced plastic plates using high-strength fibers are poor in ductility and have little workability. Therefore, even if a long fiber reinforced plastic plate is joined to the surface of a metal plate to construct a plate-shaped composite material, it is extremely difficult to form and process products of various shapes using the composite material. In order to obtain a metal / long fiber reinforced plastic composite material of the desired shape, a metal member obtained by molding a metal plate into a predetermined shape and a long fiber reinforced plastic member solidified in the same shape are prepared separately, and then both members are bonded together. In general, a technique of joining with an agent is employed. Alternatively, a long fiber fabric sheet is impregnated with, for example, a thermosetting resin solution to form a prepreg sheet, which is attached to the surface of a molded metal member, and then heat treated to cure the resin. Sometimes. Both methods have many problems in terms of process load and manufacturing cost, and hinder the spread of processed products using metal / long fiber reinforced plastic composite materials.

一方、短繊維強化プラスチックは比較的加工性が良好であり、板状の金属/短繊維強化プラスチック複合材料を素材として成形加工に供することはある程度可能である。しかし、短繊維強化プラスチックは強度レベルが低く、金属材料の比強度を向上させる効果は長繊維強化プラスチックより劣る。   On the other hand, short fiber reinforced plastics have relatively good processability, and it is possible to some extent to use a plate-like metal / short fiber reinforced plastic composite material as a raw material. However, the short fiber reinforced plastic has a low strength level, and the effect of improving the specific strength of the metal material is inferior to that of the long fiber reinforced plastic.

WO99/10168号再公表公報WO99 / 10168 republication gazette 特開平6−115007号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-115007 特開2007−196545号公報JP 2007-196545 A

本発明は、元の金属板よりも比強度が高く、かつ良好な加工性を有する「金属/長繊維強化プラスチック複合材料」の板状素材を提供することを目的とする。また、その複合材料に用いるための長繊維シートおよび長繊維強化プラスチック板を提供することを目的とする。   It is an object of the present invention to provide a “metal / long fiber reinforced plastic composite material” plate-like material having a specific strength higher than that of the original metal plate and good workability. Another object of the present invention is to provide a long fiber sheet and a long fiber reinforced plastic plate for use in the composite material.

発明者らは詳細な研究の結果、従来の長繊維強化プラスチック板が加工性に乏しい大きな原因は、それに用いられている長繊維がほとんど伸びしろのない状態で樹脂中に固着されているためであることを突き止めた。伸びしろのない状態で固着された高強度長繊維は外力によるシートの変形を長繊維の張力によって即座に受け止め、シートは極めて高い変形抵抗を発揮する。その反面、加工性に乏しいものとなる。   As a result of detailed studies, the main reason why the conventional long fiber reinforced plastic plate is poor in workability is that the long fibers used in the plate are fixed in the resin in a state that hardly stretches. I found out. The high-strength long fibers fixed in a state where they do not stretch easily receive deformation of the sheet due to external force by the tension of the long fibers, and the sheet exhibits extremely high deformation resistance. On the other hand, the processability is poor.

従来実用化されてる長繊維シートは「織物」である。図1に「織物」の代表的な糸の配置を模式的に示す。織物は、経糸(y方向)と緯糸(x方向)が交互に浮沈しながら交錯することにより形成されている。その経糸と緯糸を構成する長繊維はほとんど屈曲することなくまっすぐに伸びている。すなわち、伸びしろはほとんどない状態である。したがって、このような織物シートを樹脂で固めた長繊維強化プラスチックは、変形抵抗が高く、加工性に乏しい。   The long fiber sheet that has been put into practical use is “woven fabric”. FIG. 1 schematically shows a typical yarn arrangement of “woven fabric”. The woven fabric is formed by crossing warp yarns (y direction) and weft yarns (x direction) alternately floating and sinking. The long fibers constituting the warp and weft extend straight with almost no bending. That is, there is almost no stretch. Therefore, the long fiber reinforced plastic obtained by solidifying such a woven sheet with a resin has high deformation resistance and poor workability.

そこで、本発明では「織物」ではなく「編物」の形態を有する長繊維シートを採用する。図2〜図4に「編物」の代表的な糸の配置を模式的に示す。図2は平編み、図3はゴム編み、図4はパール編みの例である。「編物」は、糸がループを作り、そのループに次の糸をくぐらせて新しいループを作る、ということを繰り返して形成される。糸は連続した1本であっても構わないし、複数の糸が使用されていても構わない。編物の場合は織物と異なり、糸がループを形成しているところに特徴がある。このループは糸の伸びしろとなり、長繊維編物シートに変形能を付与する。   Therefore, in the present invention, a long fiber sheet having a form of “knitted fabric” instead of “woven fabric” is employed. 2 to 4 schematically show typical yarn arrangements of the “knitted fabric”. 2 is an example of flat knitting, FIG. 3 is an example of rubber knitting, and FIG. 4 is an example of pearl knitting. A “knitted fabric” is formed by repeating a process in which a thread forms a loop, and the next thread is passed through the loop to form a new loop. One continuous yarn may be used, or a plurality of yarns may be used. In the case of a knitted fabric, unlike a woven fabric, it is characterized in that the yarn forms a loop. This loop becomes an extension of the yarn and imparts deformability to the long fiber knitted sheet.

しかしながら、このような伸びしろの存在は、外力が付与されたときに糸自身の張力が十分に発揮されないことにつながり、強度面ではマイナスとなる。また、樹脂中に長繊維の糸が固着されている場合には、ループによる伸びしろは機能しにくくなり、加工性においても不十分な結果となりやすい。したがって、単に「織物」を「編物」に変えただけでは、金属板との複合材料において安定して「比強度の向上」と「加工性の付与」を両立させることは難しい。   However, the presence of such stretch allowance leads to insufficient tension of the yarn itself when an external force is applied, which is negative in terms of strength. In addition, when the long fiber yarn is fixed in the resin, the elongation due to the loop becomes difficult to function, and the processability tends to be insufficient. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve both “improvement of specific strength” and “giving workability” stably in a composite material with a metal plate simply by changing “woven fabric” to “knitted fabric”.

発明者らはさらに詳細な検討を進めた結果、高強度長繊維からなる編物シートの伸び率や、それを固着する樹脂組成物の引張伸びを規定することによって、上記目的を達成しうる長繊維強化プラスチック板が実現できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。   As a result of further detailed studies, the inventors have determined that the elongation rate of the knitted sheet made of high-strength long fibers and the tensile elongation of the resin composition for fixing the long fibers can achieve the above object. The present inventors have found that a reinforced plastic plate can be realized and have completed the present invention.

すなわち本発明では、経方向、緯方向ともに伸び率10〜30%を呈する長繊維の編物シートを引張伸びが10%以上の樹脂で固めた長繊維強化プラスチック板と、金属板とを、接着剤を介して一体化した板状複合材料が提供される。編物シートの経方向は糸のループの頂点の方向(図2〜4の例ではy方向)、緯方向はそれと直交する方向(図2〜4の例ではx方向)である。編物シートの伸び率はJIS L1018:1999に準じた方法で求めることができる。ただしここでは、引張最大荷重時の伸び率を採用する。樹脂組成物の引張伸びは、硬化した状態にある当該樹脂組成物自体の常温での引張最大荷重時の伸びであり、JIS K7161に準じた方法で求めることができる。   That is, in the present invention, a long fiber reinforced plastic sheet obtained by solidifying a long fiber knitted sheet exhibiting an elongation rate of 10 to 30% in both the warp direction and the weft direction with a resin having a tensile elongation of 10% or more, and a metal plate, An integrated plate-like composite material is provided. The warp direction of the knitted sheet is the direction of the apex of the yarn loop (y direction in the examples of FIGS. 2 to 4), and the weft direction is the direction perpendicular to it (x direction in the examples of FIGS. 2 to 4). The elongation percentage of the knitted sheet can be determined by a method according to JIS L1018: 1999. However, here, the elongation at the maximum tensile load is adopted. The tensile elongation of the resin composition is the elongation of the resin composition itself in a cured state at the maximum tensile load at normal temperature, and can be determined by a method according to JIS K7161.

上記の板状複合材料のなかでも、板厚tに占める金属板のトータル厚さtMが10〜50%であるものは比強度および加工性を高いレベルで両立させる上で特に有利である。また、少なくとも1方向の引張強さが850MPa以上となる高強度呈するもの、すなわち板面内のいずれかの方向で850MPa以上の引張強さを満足しているものが好適な対象となる。ここでいう引張強さは破断に至るまでの最大引張応力(荷重を初期断面積で除したもの)である。上記の長繊維は例えば炭素繊維が採用できる。 Among the above plate-shaped composite materials, a metal plate having a total thickness t M of 10 to 50% of the plate thickness t is particularly advantageous in achieving both high specific strength and workability. Moreover, the thing with the high intensity | strength which the tensile strength of at least 1 direction becomes 850 Mpa or more, ie, the thing which satisfies the tensile strength of 850 Mpa or more in any direction in a board surface, becomes a suitable object. The tensile strength referred to here is the maximum tensile stress (a value obtained by dividing the load by the initial cross-sectional area) until breaking. For example, carbon fibers can be used as the long fibers.

また本発明では、炭素繊維の長繊維束からなる糸を編むことにより経方向、緯方向ともに伸び率が10〜30%となるようにした長繊維編物シートが提供される。さらに、その編物シートを引張伸びが10%以上の樹脂で固めた長繊維強化プラスチック板が提供される。この長繊維強化プラスチック板においては、上記の長繊維編物シートを、隣り合うシート間での経−緯の向きが異なる場合があるように重ねて配置し、これらを引張伸びが10%以上の樹脂で固めたものが好適である。その特に好ましい態様として、編物シートを、その経方向(緯方向)が隣り合う編物シートの緯方向(経方向)に相当するように交互に向きを変えて2枚以上重ねて配置したものが挙げられる。上記の長繊維編物シートおよびそれを用いた上記の長繊維強化プラスチック板は、成形加工に供するための金属/長繊維強化プラスチック複合材料用途に好適である。   The present invention also provides a long fiber knitted sheet in which the elongation percentage is 10 to 30% in both the warp direction and the weft direction by knitting a yarn composed of a long fiber bundle of carbon fibers. Furthermore, a long fiber reinforced plastic plate in which the knitted sheet is hardened with a resin having a tensile elongation of 10% or more is provided. In this long fiber reinforced plastic plate, the above-mentioned long fiber knitted sheets are arranged so as to have different warp-weft directions between adjacent sheets, and these are resins having a tensile elongation of 10% or more. Those hardened with are suitable. As a particularly preferable aspect thereof, there may be mentioned one in which two or more knitted sheets are alternately superposed and overlapped so that the warp direction (weft direction) corresponds to the weft direction (warp direction) of adjacent knitted sheets. It is done. The long fiber knitted sheet and the long fiber reinforced plastic plate using the same are suitable for metal / long fiber reinforced plastic composite materials for use in molding.

本発明によれば、加工性を有する「金属/長繊維強化プラスチック複合材料」の板状素材が実現可能となった。この板状素材は成形加工できるので、比強度の高い複合材料からなる種々の形状の加工品を低コストで製造することができる。   According to the present invention, a plate-shaped material of “metal / long fiber reinforced plastic composite material” having processability can be realized. Since this plate-shaped material can be molded, processed products of various shapes made of a composite material having a high specific strength can be manufactured at low cost.

〔長繊維編物シート〕
本発明では長繊維強化プラスチック板の芯材として、上述のように長繊維の「編物」からなるシートを用いる。編物を構成する糸は、長繊維の素線(フィラメント)を束ねたものである。撚線とした糸が使用しやすい。高強度長繊維の素線は例えば1μm〜100μm程度のものが適用できる。糸の太さは例えば0.05〜1mm程度とすることができる。素線の径および目的とする糸の太さに応じて、数本〜数千本の素線を束にして撚った長繊維束を糸として使用することができる。
[Long fiber knitted sheet]
In the present invention, as a core material of the long fiber reinforced plastic plate, a sheet made of “knitted fabric” of long fibers as described above is used. The yarn constituting the knitted fabric is a bundle of filaments of long fibers. It is easy to use stranded wire. As the strands of high-strength long fibers, for example, about 1 μm to 100 μm can be applied. The thickness of the thread can be, for example, about 0.05 to 1 mm. Depending on the diameter of the strand and the thickness of the target yarn, a long fiber bundle in which several to several thousand strands are twisted into a bundle can be used as the yarn.

長繊維としては、炭素繊維、黒鉛繊維、炭化ケイ素繊維、アルミナ繊維、ボロン繊維、ガラス繊維などの無機繊維、アラミド繊維、超高分子量ポリエチレン繊維、高強力ポリアリレート繊維などの有機繊維が使用できる。なかでも、剛性および強度に優れる炭素繊維が比強度の向上には有効である。   As the long fibers, inorganic fibers such as carbon fibers, graphite fibers, silicon carbide fibers, alumina fibers, boron fibers, and glass fibers, and organic fibers such as aramid fibers, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and high strength polyarylate fibers can be used. Among these, carbon fibers that are excellent in rigidity and strength are effective in improving specific strength.

編物シートは経方向と緯方向で伸び率に差が生じることがある。発明者らは種々検討の結果、経方向、緯方向ともに10〜30%の伸び率を呈するように編んだ長繊維編物シートを採用して後述の長繊維強化プラスチック板を構成することが、金属板との複合材料において加工性と高強度特性とを両立させる上で極めて有効であることを見出した。経方向、緯方向のいずれかにおいて伸び率が10%を下回る長繊維編物シートを使用すると、糸の伸びしろが少ないために複合材料の十分な加工性が得られにくく、加工部において金属板および長繊維強化プラスチック板の一方または双方に割れが生じやすい。経方向、緯方向のいずれかにおいて伸び率が30%を超える長繊維編物シートを使用した場合には、糸の伸びしろが過剰であるために、複合材料を構成しても元の金属板に対する強度向上が小さく、効果的でない。   The knitted sheet may have a difference in elongation between the warp direction and the weft direction. As a result of various studies, the inventors have adopted a long-fiber knitted sheet knitted so as to exhibit an elongation of 10 to 30% in both the warp direction and the weft direction to constitute a long-fiber reinforced plastic plate described later. It was found that the composite material with the plate is extremely effective in achieving both workability and high strength characteristics. When a long fiber knitted sheet having an elongation rate of less than 10% in either the warp direction or the weft direction is used, it is difficult to obtain sufficient processability of the composite material because the elongation of the yarn is small. One or both of the long fiber reinforced plastic plates are susceptible to cracking. When a long fiber knitted sheet with an elongation rate exceeding 30% in either the warp direction or the weft direction is used, the elongation of the yarn is excessive. Strength improvement is small and not effective.

長繊維編物シートの伸び率は、編み方によって調整することができる。糸のループをタイトにすれば伸び率は低下し、ルーズにすれば伸び率は上昇する。編物の組織形態は、伸び率が上記範囲となる限り特に限定されるものではなく、平編み、ゴム編み、パール編みなど、一般的な形態、あるいはその他の形態が採用できる。編み目の大きさも特に限定されない。   The elongation percentage of the long fiber knitted sheet can be adjusted by the knitting method. If the yarn loop is tight, the elongation decreases, and if it is loose, the elongation increases. The organization form of the knitted fabric is not particularly limited as long as the elongation ratio is in the above range, and a general form such as flat knitting, rubber knitting, pearl knitting, or other forms can be adopted. The size of the stitches is not particularly limited.

〔長繊維強化プラスチック板〕
上述の長繊維編物シートを用いて、樹脂で固め、長繊維強化プラスチック板を得る。樹脂の種類は、エポキシ、メラミン、フェノール、ポリアミドなど、およびこれらの共重合体などの熱硬化性樹脂、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリ酢酸ビニル、アクリル、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、ポリカーボネート、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアミド、ポリブチレンテレフタレートなど、およびこれらの共重合体などの熱可塑性樹脂が用いられる。
[Long fiber reinforced plastic plate]
Using the above-mentioned long fiber knitted sheet, it is hardened with resin to obtain a long fiber reinforced plastic plate. Resin types include epoxy, melamine, phenol, polyamide, etc., and thermosetting resins such as copolymers thereof, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic, polyphenylene sulfide, polycarbonate, polyethersulfone. Thermoplastic resins such as polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, and their copolymers are used.

ただし、引張最大荷重時の伸びが10%以上となるように調整された樹脂組成物を適用する必要がある。伸びが10%未満の樹脂を使用すると、金属板との複合材料において、高加工時に樹脂が長繊維編物シートの変形あるいは金属板の変形に十分追随できないことがあり、その場合には長繊維強化プラスチック板の樹脂が破断し、所望の強度が得られない。引張最大荷重時の伸びが15%以上の樹脂を使用することがより好ましく、20%以上のものが一層好ましい。伸びの上限については特に規定されないが、あまり伸びの大きい樹脂を使用すると加工時にプラスチック板内で長繊維の固着力が低下する部分が生じやすくなる。この場合、強度にバラツキが生じる要因となるので、強度レベルの安定性を重視する場合には引張最大荷重時の伸びが100%以下の樹脂を使用することがより好ましく、70%以下のものが一層好ましい。   However, it is necessary to apply a resin composition that is adjusted so that the elongation at the maximum tensile load is 10% or more. If a resin with an elongation of less than 10% is used, in a composite material with a metal plate, the resin may not be able to sufficiently follow the deformation of the long fiber knitted sheet or the deformation of the metal plate during high processing. The resin of the plastic plate is broken and the desired strength cannot be obtained. It is more preferable to use a resin having an elongation at the maximum tensile load of 15% or more, and more preferably 20% or more. The upper limit of the elongation is not particularly defined, but if a resin having a very large elongation is used, a portion where the fixing force of the long fibers is reduced in the plastic plate during processing tends to occur. In this case, since the strength varies, it is more preferable to use a resin having an elongation at the maximum tensile load of 100% or less, and 70% or less when importance is attached to the stability of the strength level. Even more preferred.

芯材である長繊維編物シートは、1枚のみを使用しても構わないが、複数枚を重ねて使用することがより好ましい。複数枚を重ねて使用する場合、すべての編物シートを、経方向、緯方向ともに10〜30%の伸び率を呈するもので構成する。また、編物シートの向きは、すべての編物シートで経−緯の向きを同一に揃えるよりも、隣り合うシート間での経−緯の向きが異なる場合があるように重ねて配置する方が加工性や強度の異方性を軽減する上で有利である。特に、ある編物シートの経方向(緯方向)が隣り合う編物シートの緯方向(経方向)に相当するように交互に向きを変えて2枚以上重ねて配置することが好ましい。   Although only one sheet of the long fiber knitted sheet as the core material may be used, it is more preferable to use a plurality of sheets in a stacked manner. When a plurality of sheets are used in an overlapping manner, all the knitted sheets are configured to exhibit an elongation of 10 to 30% in both the warp direction and the weft direction. Also, the direction of the knitted sheet is processed so that the knitted sheets are arranged so that the directions of the warp and weft may be different between adjacent sheets, rather than having the same warp and weft directions in all the knitted sheets. This is advantageous in reducing the anisotropy of properties and strength. In particular, it is preferable to arrange two or more sheets while alternately changing the direction so that the warp direction (weft direction) of a certain knitted sheet corresponds to the weft direction (warp direction) of adjacent knitted sheets.

複数枚の長繊維編物シートを用いた長繊維強化プラスチック板を作製する際には、予め長繊維編物シートに樹脂組成物の液を含浸させて「プリプレグシート」としておき、その後、加熱処理を経て複数枚のプリプレグシートを一体化させる手法を採ることが効率的である。熱硬化性樹脂の場合は、樹脂組成物の液浴中に長繊維編物シートを浸漬する方法、あるいは長繊維編物シートに樹脂組成物の液を塗布する方法によりプリプレグシートを得ることができ、それらを重ねて硬化温度以上でプレスすることにより硬化の過程で個々のプリプレグシートが樹脂に固着されて一体化する。熱可塑性樹脂の場合は、加熱溶融している樹脂組成物の液中に長繊維編物シートを浸漬したのち、常温まで冷却することによってプリプレグシートを得ることができ、それらを重ねて軟化温度以上でプレスしたのち冷却することにより、個々のプリプレグシートが樹脂に固着されて一体化する。大量生産ラインでは所定枚数のベルト状の長繊維編物シートを連続的に樹脂組成物の液中に搬送し、所定温度にてロールによるプレスを行うことによって長繊維強化プラスチック板のベルトを連続的に生産する方法が想定される。   When producing a long fiber reinforced plastic sheet using a plurality of long fiber knitted sheets, a long fiber knitted sheet is impregnated with a resin composition liquid in advance to form a “prepreg sheet”, and then subjected to heat treatment. It is efficient to adopt a method of integrating a plurality of prepreg sheets. In the case of a thermosetting resin, a prepreg sheet can be obtained by a method of immersing a long fiber knitted sheet in a liquid bath of a resin composition or a method of applying a liquid of a resin composition to a long fiber knitted sheet. Each prepreg sheet is fixed to the resin and integrated in the course of curing by stacking and pressing above the curing temperature. In the case of a thermoplastic resin, a prepreg sheet can be obtained by immersing the long fiber knitted sheet in the liquid of the resin composition that is heated and melted, and then cooling it to room temperature. By cooling after pressing, the individual prepreg sheets are fixed to the resin and integrated. In a mass production line, a predetermined number of belt-like long fiber knitted sheets are continuously conveyed into the liquid of the resin composition, and the belt of the long fiber reinforced plastic plate is continuously transferred by pressing with a roll at a predetermined temperature. A production method is assumed.

なお、本発明に適用される長繊維強化プラスチック板は、それ単体では十分な加工性を呈することは困難であり、金属板との複合材料とすることによってはじめて良好な加工性が発揮される。   In addition, it is difficult for the long fiber reinforced plastic plate applied to the present invention to exhibit sufficient workability by itself, and good workability is exhibited only when a composite material with a metal plate is used.

〔金属板〕
長繊維強化プラスチック板と一体化させる金属板としては、用途に応じて鋼板、銅合金板、アルミニウム合金板など、種々の金属材料の適用が考えられる。鋼板としては、一般的な普通鋼板、高張力鋼板、これらの鋼板をめっき原板とする各種めっき鋼板、ステンレス鋼板などが挙げられる。
[Metal plate]
As the metal plate integrated with the long fiber reinforced plastic plate, various metal materials such as a steel plate, a copper alloy plate, and an aluminum alloy plate can be considered depending on the application. Examples of the steel plate include general plain steel plates, high-tensile steel plates, various plated steel plates using these steel plates as plating base plates, and stainless steel plates.

なかでも、溶融Zn−Al−Mg系めっき鋼板は従来一般的な亜鉛めっき鋼板と比べて耐食性に優れ、厳しい腐食環境下でも腐食に起因した金属板と長繊維強化プラスチック板の剥離を抑制する効果が大きい。溶融Zn−Al−Mg系めっき鋼板のめっき層組成としては以下のものが例示できる。
(めっき層組成); 質量%でAl:3〜22%、Mg:0.5〜8%を含有し、さらにTi:0.1%以下、B:0.05%以下、Si:2%以下の1種以上を含有し、Ca、Sr、Na、Ni、Co、Sn、Cu、Cr、Mn、希土類元素、Y、Zrの合計含有量が1%以下(0%を含む)に制限され、Feの含有量が2.5%以下に制限され、残部Znおよび不可避的不純物からなるめっき層
この場合、めっき付着量は鋼板片面あたり20〜300g/m2程度とすることが効果的である。
In particular, the hot-dip Zn-Al-Mg-based steel sheet has superior corrosion resistance compared to conventional galvanized steel sheets, and has the effect of suppressing peeling of metal plates and long fiber reinforced plastic plates due to corrosion even in severe corrosive environments. Is big. The following can be illustrated as a plating layer composition of a hot-dip Zn-Al-Mg based steel sheet.
(Plating layer composition); by mass: Al: 3-22%, Mg: 0.5-8%, Ti: 0.1% or less, B: 0.05% or less, Si: 2% or less And the total content of Ca, Sr, Na, Ni, Co, Sn, Cu, Cr, Mn, rare earth elements, Y, Zr is limited to 1% or less (including 0%), The content of Fe is limited to 2.5% or less, and the plating layer is composed of the balance Zn and inevitable impurities. In this case, it is effective that the coating adhesion amount is about 20 to 300 g / m 2 per one side of the steel sheet.

ステンレス鋼板としては、例えばJIS G4305:2005に規定される鋼種に相当する組成を有する既存鋼種を採用することができる。具体的には、オーステナイト系の汎用鋼種であるSUS304系、フェライト系の汎用鋼種であるSUS430系などが挙げられる。また、JISに該当しない鋼種としては、例えばオーステナイト系の場合、JIS G4305:2005の表2に記載されるオーステナイト系鋼種において、当該表2に規定される成分含有量を満たし、質量%でさらにB:0.05%以下、V:0.5%以下、Zr:0.5%以下、Al:0.5%以下、Cu:3%以下、N:0.5%以下の1種以上を含有し、Ca、Mg、Y、REMの合計含有量が0〜0.01%であり、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物である鋼種が挙げられる。フェライト系の場合、JIS G4305:2005の表4に記載されるフェライト系鋼種において、当該表4に規定される成分含有量を満たし、質量%でさらにB:0.05%以下、V:0.5%以下、Al:0.5%以下、Cu:1%以下の1種以上を含有し、Ca、Mg、Y、REMの合計含有量が0〜0.01%であり、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物である鋼種が挙げられる。   As the stainless steel plate, for example, an existing steel type having a composition corresponding to a steel type specified in JIS G4305: 2005 can be adopted. Specifically, SUS304 type which is an austenitic general-purpose steel type, SUS430 type which is a ferritic general-purpose steel type, and the like can be mentioned. In addition, as a steel type not corresponding to JIS, for example, in the case of austenite, in the austenitic steel type described in Table 2 of JIS G4305: 2005, the content of the components specified in Table 2 is satisfied, and B : One or more of 0.05% or less, V: 0.5% or less, Zr: 0.5% or less, Al: 0.5% or less, Cu: 3% or less, N: 0.5% or less And a steel type in which the total content of Ca, Mg, Y and REM is 0 to 0.01%, and the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities. In the case of a ferrite type, in the ferritic steel types described in Table 4 of JIS G4305: 2005, the content of the components specified in Table 4 is satisfied, and further B: 0.05% or less and V: 0.00% in mass%. 5% or less, Al: 0.5% or less, Cu: 1% or less, the total content of Ca, Mg, Y, REM is 0 to 0.01%, the balance is Fe and The steel grade which is an unavoidable impurity is mentioned.

また、金属板に化成処理を施すことにより接着剤との密着性が向上し、より高強度な複合材料となりうる。特に鋼板の場合、耐食性向上による金属板と長繊維強化プラスチック板の剥離抑制効果も期待される。化成処理皮膜は、ウレタンやアクリル樹脂にクロム酸塩、チタン塩、リン酸塩などの無機系防錆剤、シランカップリング剤やシリカゾルなどの添加剤を配合した有機系の皮膜、クロム酸塩、チタン塩、リン酸塩などの無機成分にシランカップリング剤やシリカゾルなどの添加剤を配合した無機系の化成処理皮膜などが適用できる。特にバルブメタルを含むチタン塩などの化成処理皮膜は鋼板の耐食性向上に極めて有効であり、複合材料においても良好な耐食性が発揮される。   Further, by subjecting the metal plate to a chemical conversion treatment, the adhesiveness with the adhesive is improved, and a higher strength composite material can be obtained. In particular, in the case of a steel plate, an effect of suppressing peeling between the metal plate and the long fiber reinforced plastic plate due to improved corrosion resistance is also expected. Chemical conversion coatings include organic coatings, chromates, urethane and acrylic resins containing inorganic rust inhibitors such as chromates, titanium salts, phosphates, silane coupling agents and silica sols, An inorganic chemical conversion treatment film in which an additive such as a silane coupling agent or silica sol is blended with an inorganic component such as titanium salt or phosphate can be applied. In particular, a chemical conversion coating such as titanium salt containing valve metal is extremely effective in improving the corrosion resistance of a steel sheet, and good corrosion resistance is exhibited even in a composite material.

〔板状複合材料〕
図5〜図7に本発明の板状複合材料の断面構造を模式的に例示する。図5の例は金属板30の片面に接着剤層20を介して長繊維強化プラスチック板10を接合したものである。長繊維強化プラスチック板10は、長繊維編物シート1および樹脂2により構成されている。図6の例は金属板30の両面に接着剤層20を介して長繊維強化プラスチック板10を接合したものである。図7の例は2枚の金属板30の間に接着剤層20を介して長繊維強化プラスチック板10を挟み込んで一体化したものである。その他、複数枚の金属板と複数枚の長繊維強化プラスチック板を交互に接合した構造としてもよい。
[Plate-shaped composite material]
5 to 7 schematically illustrate cross-sectional structures of the plate-like composite material of the present invention. In the example of FIG. 5, the long fiber reinforced plastic plate 10 is bonded to one side of the metal plate 30 via the adhesive layer 20. The long fiber reinforced plastic plate 10 is composed of a long fiber knitted sheet 1 and a resin 2. In the example of FIG. 6, the long fiber reinforced plastic plate 10 is bonded to both surfaces of the metal plate 30 via the adhesive layer 20. In the example of FIG. 7, the long fiber reinforced plastic plate 10 is sandwiched and integrated between two metal plates 30 via an adhesive layer 20. In addition, a structure in which a plurality of metal plates and a plurality of long fiber reinforced plastic plates are alternately joined may be employed.

板状複合材料の板厚tに占める金属板のトータル厚さtMの比率(金属板の厚さ比率)は10〜50%であることが望ましい。この比率が10%未満だと加工後の形状凍結性が低下しやすい。一方、この比率が大きくなると複合材料の比重の増大に伴って比強度の向上効果が小さくなる。種々検討の結果、金属板の厚さ比率は50%以下とすることが比強度の向上には好ましい。 The ratio of the total thickness t M of the metal plate occupying the plate thickness t of the plate-shaped composite material (thickness ratio of the metal plate) is desirably 10-50%. If this ratio is less than 10%, the shape freezing property after processing tends to decrease. On the other hand, when this ratio increases, the specific strength improvement effect decreases as the specific gravity of the composite material increases. As a result of various studies, the thickness ratio of the metal plate is preferably 50% or less in order to improve the specific strength.

接着剤としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリ酢酸ビニル、エチレンビニルアルコール−酢酸ビニル共重合体、アクリル、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、ポリカーボネート、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリアミド、ポリブチレンテレフタレートなどの熱可塑性樹脂や、エポキシ系接着剤が適用できる。なかでも、骨格内にヒドロキシ基、カルボキシル基などの極性基を持つエチレンビニルアルコール−酢酸ビニル共重合体など、また、多価カルボン酸とポリアルコールとの縮合体であるポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレートなどが金属およびプラスチックとの密着性において特に優れている。   Examples of adhesives include thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl acetate, ethylene vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic, polyphenylene sulfide, polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, polyamide, and polybutylene terephthalate. Epoxy adhesive can be applied. Among them, ethylene vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymers having a polar group such as a hydroxy group and a carboxyl group in the skeleton, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, etc., which are condensates of polyvalent carboxylic acids and polyalcohols, etc. Is particularly excellent in adhesion to metals and plastics.

本発明の板状複合材料において接着剤層は、成形加工時に金属板および長繊維強化プラスチック板の変形に追随しうる変形能を有することが望ましい。特に熱可塑性樹脂の接着剤の場合、引張最大荷重時の伸びが50%以上であるものが好適であり、70%以上であるものがより好ましい。ただし、引張最大荷重時の伸びが小さいために変形に追随できなくて接着剤層に割れが生じる場合でも、金属板と長繊維強化プラスチック板との接合状態が保たれる(すなわち剥離しない)限り、本発明において特に問題とはならない。この種の接着剤としては例えばエポキシ系接着剤が挙げられる。接着剤層自体は強度に寄与しないため、複合材料の板厚に占める接着剤層の厚さは10%以下とすることが望ましい。   In the plate-shaped composite material of the present invention, it is desirable that the adhesive layer has a deformability capable of following the deformation of the metal plate and the long fiber reinforced plastic plate during the molding process. In particular, in the case of a thermoplastic resin adhesive, one having an elongation at the maximum tensile load of 50% or more is preferable, and one having 70% or more is more preferable. However, as long as the elongation at the maximum tensile load is small, it cannot follow the deformation, and even if the adhesive layer cracks, as long as the bonded state of the metal plate and the long fiber reinforced plastic plate is maintained (that is, does not peel) This is not a problem in the present invention. An example of this type of adhesive is an epoxy adhesive. Since the adhesive layer itself does not contribute to strength, it is desirable that the thickness of the adhesive layer in the thickness of the composite material is 10% or less.

本発明の板状複合材料を構成する金属板は圧延方向の向きによって、また長繊維強化プラスチック板は内部の編物シートの経−緯の向きによって、それぞれ強度や加工性に多少の面内異方性を有する。したがって、本発明の板状複合材料も多少の面内異方性を有する場合がある。高強度金属材料の代替として使用する場合には、ある方向に850MPa以上の引張強さを有していることが効果的である。   The metal plate constituting the plate-shaped composite material of the present invention has some in-plane anisotropy in strength and workability depending on the direction of the rolling direction, and the long fiber reinforced plastic plate depending on the warp-weft direction of the inner knitted sheet. Have sex. Therefore, the plate-like composite material of the present invention may also have some in-plane anisotropy. When used as an alternative to a high-strength metal material, it is effective to have a tensile strength of 850 MPa or more in a certain direction.

《板状複合材料の作製》
以下のようにして図4に示したタイプの板状複合材料を作製した。
<< Production of plate-like composite material >>
A plate-shaped composite material of the type shown in FIG. 4 was produced as follows.

〔金属板〕
表1に示す金属板を用意した。表1中の「伸び」および「引張強さ」は、圧延方向における引張試験値であり、JIS Z2241に準じて測定した。金属板Aは下記「化成処理1」の条件で化成処理皮膜を形成したものである。それ以外の金属板には化成処理を施していない。
(化成処理条件1)
処理液; フッ化チタン酸アンモニウム50g/L、85%リン酸20g/L、リン酸マグネシウム10g/Lを含有する水溶液
処理方法; Ti金属換算付着量が40mg/m2となるように処理液をバーコーターで金属板表面に塗布したのち、板温120℃で乾燥
[Metal plate]
The metal plate shown in Table 1 was prepared. “Elongation” and “Tensile strength” in Table 1 are tensile test values in the rolling direction, and were measured according to JIS Z2241. The metal plate A is obtained by forming a chemical conversion treatment film under the following conditions of “chemical conversion treatment 1”. The other metal plates are not subjected to chemical conversion treatment.
(Chemical conversion treatment condition 1)
Treatment solution; Aqueous solution containing ammonium fluoride titanate 50 g / L, 85% phosphoric acid 20 g / L, magnesium phosphate 10 g / L Treatment method: Treatment solution is adjusted so that the amount of Ti metal equivalent adhesion is 40 mg / m 2. After applying to the surface of the metal plate with a bar coater, it is dried at a plate temperature of 120 ° C.

Figure 2010089394
Figure 2010089394

〔接着剤〕
表2に示す接着剤を用意した。表2中の「引張伸び」は引張最大荷重時の伸びであり、接着剤を硬化させた後、JIS K7161に準じて測定されたデータを記載した。
〔adhesive〕
The adhesive shown in Table 2 was prepared. “Tensile elongation” in Table 2 is the elongation at the maximum tensile load, and the data measured according to JIS K7161 after the adhesive was cured.

Figure 2010089394
Figure 2010089394

〔長繊維編物シート〕
長繊維として、炭素繊維(三菱レイヨン社製;パイロフィルTR50S)を使用した。この炭素繊維は素線径5〜10μm(平均7μm)である。この炭素繊維の素線の束(撚線)からなる約0.1mm径の糸を素材とし、編み機を用いて図2に示した平編み構造の長繊維編物シートを作製した。ループの大きさ(伸びしろ)を調整することによって伸び率の異なる4種類の長繊維編物シートを得た。表3に各長繊維編物シートの各方向における「伸び率」を示す。伸び率の測定はJIS L1018に準じて行った。
[Long fiber knitted sheet]
Carbon fiber (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd .; Pyrofil TR50S) was used as the long fiber. This carbon fiber has a strand diameter of 5 to 10 μm (average 7 μm). A long fiber knitted sheet having a flat knitting structure shown in FIG. 2 was produced using a yarn having a diameter of about 0.1 mm made of a bundle of carbon fiber strands (twisted wire) as a raw material. Four kinds of long fiber knitted sheets having different elongation rates were obtained by adjusting the size of the loops (extension margin). Table 3 shows the “elongation” in each direction of each long fiber knitted sheet. The measurement of the elongation rate was performed according to JIS L1018.

Figure 2010089394
Figure 2010089394

〔長繊維強化プラスチック板〕
上記の長繊維編物シートに、伸び率が異なる種々のエポキシ樹脂液を含浸させてプリプレグシートを得た。同種のプリプレグシートを用いて、その経方向が隣り合う編物シートの緯方向に相当するように交互に向きを変えて5枚重ねた状態とし、ホットプレスにより130℃、加圧力0.033MPa、120分の加熱処理を施すことにより、エポキシ樹脂を硬化させるとともに樹脂と長繊維編物シートを一体化させ、厚さ1mmの長繊維強化プラスチック板を得た。また、同様の手法にて、3枚のプリプレグシートを使用した厚さ0.6mmの長繊維強化プラスチック板、および8枚のプリプレグシートを使用した厚さ1.6mmの長繊維強化プラスチック板も作製した。
[Long fiber reinforced plastic plate]
The long fiber knitted sheet was impregnated with various epoxy resin liquids having different elongation rates to obtain prepreg sheets. Using the same kind of prepreg sheets, the warp direction was alternately changed so that the warp directions correspond to the weft directions of adjacent knitted sheets, and five sheets were stacked. The epoxy resin was cured and the resin and the long fiber knitted sheet were integrated to obtain a long fiber reinforced plastic plate having a thickness of 1 mm. In the same manner, a 0.6 mm thick long fiber reinforced plastic plate using 3 prepreg sheets and a 1.6 mm thick fiber reinforced plastic plate using 8 prepreg sheets are also produced. did.

表4に各長繊維強化プラスチック板の特性を示す。表4中の「樹脂の伸び率」は引張最大荷重時の伸びであり、JIS K7164に準じて測定したものである。長繊維強化プラスチック板の「引張強さ」はJIS K7146に準じて測定した。この引張試験は、直交する2方向(あるシートを基準とした経方向および緯方向)について行い、表4中には、引張強さが高い方向の値を記載した。   Table 4 shows the characteristics of each long fiber reinforced plastic plate. “Elongation rate of resin” in Table 4 is the elongation at the maximum tensile load, and is measured according to JIS K7164. The “tensile strength” of the long fiber reinforced plastic plate was measured according to JIS K7146. This tensile test was performed in two orthogonal directions (the warp direction and the weft direction with reference to a certain sheet), and Table 4 lists the values in the direction of higher tensile strength.

Figure 2010089394
Figure 2010089394

〔板状複合材料〕
表1の金属板と、表4の長繊維強化プラスチック板を、表2の接着剤を用いて接合し、図4に示したタイプの板状複合材料を作製した。金属板、長繊維強化プラスチック板、接着剤の組合せは表5中に記載してある。金属板の圧延方向と、長繊維強化プラスチック板の表4に示した強度が得られた方向とが一致するように両者を接合した。
[Plate-shaped composite material]
The metal plate of Table 1 and the long fiber reinforced plastic plate of Table 4 were joined using the adhesive of Table 2 to produce a plate-shaped composite material of the type shown in FIG. The combinations of metal plate, long fiber reinforced plastic plate and adhesive are listed in Table 5. Both were joined so that the rolling direction of the metal plate coincided with the direction in which the strength shown in Table 4 of the long fiber reinforced plastic plate was obtained.

熱可塑性樹脂の接着剤(表2のエポキシ以外)を使用する場合は、接着剤を溶融温度+20℃の温度に加熱し、溶融した接着剤の液をバーコーターまたはゾルコーターで金属板の表面に所定量塗布し、常温まで冷却し、その後、接着剤層の上に長繊維強化プラスチック板を載せ、ホットプレスにより接着剤溶融温度+20℃、加圧力0.033MPa、120秒の加熱処理を施すことにより、長繊維強化プラスチック板と金属板とを接着剤を介して一体化させ、板状複合材料を得た。
エポキシ系接着剤を使用する場合は、硬化剤を添加した接着剤の液をバーコーターまたはゾルコーターで金属板の表面に所定量塗布し、接着剤が硬化する前に接着剤塗布面に長繊維強化プラスチック板を載せ、加圧力0.033MPa、120分のプレスを施すことにより、長繊維強化プラスチック板と金属板とを接着剤を介して一体化させ、板状複合材料を得た。
When using a thermoplastic resin adhesive (other than the epoxy in Table 2), heat the adhesive to a melting temperature of + 20 ° C. and place the molten adhesive liquid on the surface of the metal plate with a bar coater or sol coater. By applying a fixed amount, cooling to room temperature, and then placing a long fiber reinforced plastic plate on the adhesive layer, and applying heat treatment of adhesive melting temperature + 20 ° C., pressure 0.033 MPa, 120 seconds by hot press The long fiber reinforced plastic plate and the metal plate were integrated via an adhesive to obtain a plate-like composite material.
When using an epoxy adhesive, apply a specified amount of adhesive solution with a hardener to the surface of the metal plate with a bar coater or sol coater, and reinforce the long fibers on the adhesive application surface before the adhesive is cured. By placing a plastic plate and applying a pressing force of 0.033 MPa for 120 minutes, the long fiber reinforced plastic plate and the metal plate were integrated via an adhesive to obtain a plate-shaped composite material.

《板状複合材料の特性評価》
〔引張強さ〕
引張強さは、JIS K7146に準じて測定した。引張方向は金属板の圧延方向とした。引張強さ850MPa以上のものを合格と判定した。
<Characteristic evaluation of plate-like composite material>
〔Tensile strength〕
The tensile strength was measured according to JIS K7146. The tensile direction was the rolling direction of the metal plate. Those having a tensile strength of 850 MPa or more were determined to be acceptable.

〔比強度〕
上記の引張強さをkg/m2に換算した値を板状複合材料の比重で除することにより比強度を算出した。この比強度が15×106以上であれば、多くの用途において金属板単体の場合よりも高強度化または軽量化に対する顕著な効果が期待されることから、比強度が15×106以上のものを合格と判定した。
[Specific strength]
The specific strength was calculated by dividing the value obtained by converting the tensile strength into kg / m 2 by the specific gravity of the plate-like composite material. If this specific strength is 15 × 10 6 or more, a remarkable effect on increasing strength or weight can be expected in many applications as compared to the case of a single metal plate. Therefore, the specific strength is 15 × 10 6 or more. The thing was determined to be acceptable.

〔加工性〕
板状複合材料を以下の条件で円筒絞り加工に供し、カップに絞り抜いた。パンチが当たる面を金属板側とした。
(円筒絞り条件)
ブランク直径:93mm、パンチ直径:40mm、パンチ肩半径:5mm、ダイス直径:42mm、ダイス肩半径:5mm、シワ押さえ力:10.5kN
[Processability]
The plate-shaped composite material was subjected to cylindrical drawing under the following conditions, and drawn into a cup. The surface to which the punch hits was the metal plate side.
(Cylinder diaphragm condition)
Blank diameter: 93 mm, punch diameter: 40 mm, punch shoulder radius: 5 mm, die diameter: 42 mm, die shoulder radius: 5 mm, wrinkle holding force: 10.5 kN

得られた加工品を観察し、以下の基準で評価し、△評価以上を合格と判定した。
◎:金属板、長繊維強化プラスチック板のいずれも破断せず、形状凍結性は金属板単体の場合と同等。
○:金属板、長繊維強化プラスチック板のいずれも破断せず、形状凍結性は金属板単体の場合よりわずかに劣る。
△:金属板、長繊維強化プラスチック板のいずれも破断せず、形状凍結性は金属板単体の場合より劣るが、多くの加工品用途に適用可能と判断される。
▲:金属板、長繊維強化プラスチック板のいずれも破断せず、形状凍結性は金属板単体の場合より著しく劣る。
×:金属板、長繊維強化プラスチック板の少なくとも一方に破断あり。
The obtained processed product was observed and evaluated according to the following criteria.
A: Neither the metal plate nor the long fiber reinforced plastic plate breaks, and the shape freezing property is the same as that of the metal plate alone.
○: Neither the metal plate nor the long fiber reinforced plastic plate was broken, and the shape freezing property was slightly inferior to that of the metal plate alone.
Δ: Neither the metal plate nor the long fiber reinforced plastic plate is broken, and the shape freezing property is inferior to that of the metal plate alone, but it is judged that it can be applied to many uses of processed products.
▲: Neither the metal plate nor the long fiber reinforced plastic plate breaks, and the shape freezing property is significantly inferior to that of the metal plate alone.
X: At least one of the metal plate and the long fiber reinforced plastic plate is broken.

〔耐衝撃性〕
デュポン式落下衝撃試験機を用いて、板状複合材料の長繊維強化プラスチック板側に重錘を落下させた。重錘質量;2kg、重錘の撃ち型;曲率半径=1/16インチ、落下高さ;500mmの条件で試験を行い、以下の基準で評価し、◎評価を合格と判定した。
◎:金属板、長繊維強化プラスチック板のいずれも破断せず。
×:金属板、長繊維強化プラスチック板の少なくとも一方に破断あり。
(Impact resistance)
Using a DuPont drop impact tester, a weight was dropped on the long fiber reinforced plastic plate side of the plate-like composite material. Weight test: weight 2 kg, weight shooting type; radius of curvature = 1/16 inch, drop height: 500 mm. The test was evaluated according to the following criteria, and the evaluation was evaluated as acceptable.
A: Neither the metal plate nor the long fiber reinforced plastic plate breaks.
X: At least one of the metal plate and the long fiber reinforced plastic plate is broken.

〔耐熱変形性〕
板状複合材料から長さ200mm×幅150mmの試験片を切り出し、「70℃の熱水に10分間浸漬 → 4℃の冷水に10分間浸漬 」の加熱冷却サイクルを50サイクル実施した。試験後の試験片を平坦な盤上に置き、板のそりを評価するために急峻度(=山高さ/試験片長さ200mm×100)を測定した。測定値を以下の基準で評価し、△評価以上であれば多くの加工品用途において問題なしと判断されることから、△評価以上を合格と判定した。
◎:急峻度;0.2%未満
○:急峻度;0.2%以上0.5%未満
△:急峻度;0.5%以上0.8%未満
▲:急峻度;0.8%以上1.5%未満
×:急峻度;1.5%以上
[Heat-resistant deformation]
A test piece having a length of 200 mm and a width of 150 mm was cut out from the plate-shaped composite material, and a heating and cooling cycle of “immersion in hot water at 70 ° C. for 10 minutes → immersion in cold water at 4 ° C. for 10 minutes” was performed 50 cycles. The test piece after the test was placed on a flat board, and the steepness (= mountain height / test piece length 200 mm × 100) was measured in order to evaluate the warpage of the plate. The measured value was evaluated according to the following criteria, and if it was Δ evaluation or higher, it was determined that there was no problem in many uses of processed products.
◎: Steepness; less than 0.2% ○: Steepness; 0.2% or more and less than 0.5% △: Steepness; 0.5% or more and less than 0.8% ▲: Steepness; 0.8% or more Less than 1.5% ×: Steepness; 1.5% or more

以上の試験結果により、引張強さ、比強度、加工性、耐衝撃性、耐熱変形性のすべてが合格であったものを総合評価;合格と判定し、◎(優秀)、○(良好)とした。それ以外のものを総合評価;不合格と判定し、△(普通)、×(不良)とした。
結果を表5に示す。
Based on the above test results, a comprehensive evaluation was made for all of the tensile strength, specific strength, workability, impact resistance, and heat distortion resistance, and it was judged as acceptable, and ◎ (excellent) and ○ (good) did. Other than that, comprehensive evaluation; it was judged as rejected, and it was set as △ (normal) and X (defect).
The results are shown in Table 5.

Figure 2010089394
Figure 2010089394

表5からわかるように、本発明例のものはいずれも上記各特性に優れ、総合評価は合格と判定された。   As can be seen from Table 5, the examples of the present invention were all excellent in the above characteristics, and the overall evaluation was determined to be acceptable.

これに対し、比較例であるNo.51は経方向、緯方向の少なくとも一方の伸び率が10%未満である長繊維編物シートを用いたことにより加工性に劣った。No.52、53は経方向、緯方向の伸び率が30%を超える長繊維編物シートを用いたことにより、引張強さが低く、耐衝撃性に劣った。No.54は金属板単体であり、強度および比強度が低い。No.55は長繊維強化プラスチック板単体であり、加工性が不十分であった。本発明に適用可能な長繊維強化プラスチック板であっても、金属板との複合材料としない場合には良好な加工性が発揮されないことがわかる。   On the other hand, No. 51 as a comparative example was inferior in workability by using a long-fiber knitted sheet having an elongation of at least one of the warp direction and the weft direction of less than 10%. Nos. 52 and 53 were low in tensile strength and inferior in impact resistance due to the use of a long-fiber knitted sheet with an elongation in the warp and weft directions exceeding 30%. No. 54 is a single metal plate and has low strength and specific strength. No. 55 is a single long fiber reinforced plastic plate, and the processability was insufficient. It can be seen that even if the long fiber reinforced plastic plate applicable to the present invention is used as a composite material with a metal plate, good workability is not exhibited.

織物における代表的な糸の配置を模式的に示した図。The figure which showed typically arrangement | positioning of the typical thread | yarn in a textile fabric. 平編みの編物における糸の配置を模式的に示した図。The figure which showed typically arrangement | positioning of the thread | yarn in a flat knitted fabric. ゴム編みの編物における糸の配置を模式的に示した図。The figure which showed typically arrangement | positioning of the thread | yarn in the rubber-knitted knitted fabric. パール編みの編物における糸の配置を模式的に示した図。The figure which showed typically arrangement | positioning of the thread | yarn in the knitting of pearl knitting. 本発明の板状複合材料の断面構造を模式的に例示した図。The figure which illustrated typically the cross-sectional structure of the plate-shaped composite material of this invention. 本発明の板状複合材料の断面構造を模式的に例示した図。The figure which illustrated typically the cross-sectional structure of the plate-shaped composite material of this invention. 本発明の板状複合材料の断面構造を模式的に例示した図。The figure which illustrated typically the cross-sectional structure of the plate-shaped composite material of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 長繊維編物シート
2 樹脂
10 長繊維強化プラスチック板
20 接着剤層
30 金属板
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Long fiber knitted sheet 2 Resin 10 Long fiber reinforced plastic board 20 Adhesive layer 30 Metal plate

Claims (8)

経方向、緯方向ともに伸び率10〜30%を呈する長繊維の編物シートを引張伸びが10%以上の樹脂で固めた長繊維強化プラスチック板と、金属板とを、接着剤を介して一体化した板状複合材料。   A long-fiber knitted sheet with 10-30% elongation in both the warp and weft directions is consolidated with a long-fiber reinforced plastic plate made of a resin with a tensile elongation of 10% or more and a metal plate via an adhesive. Plate-like composite material. 板厚に占める金属板のトータル厚さが10〜50%である請求項1に記載の板状複合材料。   The plate-like composite material according to claim 1, wherein the total thickness of the metal plate in the plate thickness is 10 to 50%. 前記長繊維が炭素繊維である請求項1または2に記載の板状複合材料。   The plate-like composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the long fibers are carbon fibers. 少なくとも1方向の引張強さが850MPa以上である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の板状複合材料。   The plate-shaped composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tensile strength in at least one direction is 850 MPa or more. 炭素繊維の長繊維束からなる糸を編むことにより経方向、緯方向ともに伸び率が10〜30%となるようにした長繊維編物シート。   A long-fiber knitted sheet in which the elongation is 10 to 30% in both the warp and weft directions by knitting a yarn composed of a long fiber bundle of carbon fibers. 請求項5に記載の編物シートを引張伸びが10%以上の樹脂で固めた長繊維強化プラスチック板。   A long fiber reinforced plastic plate obtained by solidifying the knitted sheet according to claim 5 with a resin having a tensile elongation of 10% or more. 請求項5に記載の編物シートを、隣り合うシート間での経−緯の向きが異なる場合があるように重ねて配置し、これらを引張伸びが10%以上の樹脂で固めた長繊維強化プラスチック板。   6. A long fiber reinforced plastic in which the knitted sheets according to claim 5 are overlapped and arranged so that the directions of warp and weft between adjacent sheets may be different, and these are hardened with a resin having a tensile elongation of 10% or more. Board. 請求項5に記載の編物シートを、その経方向が隣り合う編物シートの緯方向に相当するように交互に向きを変えて2枚以上重ねて配置し、これらを引張伸びが10%以上の樹脂で固めた長繊維強化プラスチック板。   6. The knitted sheet according to claim 5 is arranged by superposing two or more sheets while alternately changing the direction so that the warp direction corresponds to the weft direction of adjacent knitted sheets, and these are resins having a tensile elongation of 10% or more. Long fiber reinforced plastic board hardened with
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WO2020213698A1 (en) 2019-04-16 2020-10-22 日本製鉄株式会社 Metal/fiber-reinforced resin composite
JP2021070788A (en) * 2019-11-01 2021-05-06 地方独立行政法人東京都立産業技術研究センター Prepreg, method for manufacturing prepreg, molding, and method for manufacturing molding
JP7387963B2 (en) 2019-11-01 2023-11-29 地方独立行政法人東京都立産業技術研究センター Prepreg, prepreg manufacturing method, molded body, and molded body manufacturing method
WO2021112077A1 (en) 2019-12-02 2021-06-10 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 Layered composite

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