JP2010077401A - Decomposition apparatus and method of discharging decomposed liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a decomposition apparatus and a method of discharging a decomposed liquid, which can efficiently take out and recover the decomposed liquid from a decomposition vessel of high temperature and high pressure within a short time, can prevent adhesion of a solid content to a discharge pipe along with a decrease in the flow rate of the decomposed liquid flowing in the discharge pipe and can completely discharge the decomposed liquid in the decomposition vessel. <P>SOLUTION: The decomposition apparatus includes: a cooler 10 for cooling a decomposed liquid 16 set on the midway of a discharge pipe 6; a discharging on-off valve 5; a gas supplying means for assisting discharge of the decomposed liquid 16 by supplying a gas 4 to a decomposition vessel 1; and a pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure in the decomposition vessel 1, wherein the discharging on-off valve 5 is opened after cooling the decomposed liquid 16 to be a predetermined temperature in the decomposition vessel 1 after a lapse of a predetermined reaction time, and the gas supplying means supplies a gas 4 to keep the pressure in the decomposing vessel 1 to be a predetermined pressure or higher based on the pressure detected by the pressure detecting means so as to make up for pressure decrease in the decomposing vessel 1, caused by discharge of the decomposed liquid 16. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a decomposition apparatus for decomposing waste plastics or the like with a fluid in a supercritical or subcritical state and a method for discharging a decomposition solution.

  Conventionally, as shown in the pamphlet of International Publication No. 2005/092962, a technology for decomposing and recycling a plastic such as an unsaturated polyester resin has been developed. There has been proposed a method of hydrolyzing a plastic by bringing it into contact with a supercritical or subcritical fluid such as supercritical water or subcritical water in a tank.

  In this way, after the plastic is decomposed with the fluid in the supercritical or subcritical state in the decomposition tank, when the decomposition liquid is taken out from the decomposition tank, the decomposition tank is in a supercritical or subcritical state. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the inside of the decomposition tank to room temperature, and to reduce the inside of the decomposition tank to normal pressure in order to take out the decomposition solution. However, it takes a long time to cool the decomposition solution to room temperature and normal pressure, which has been a major factor in prolonging the processing time of one batch.

International Publication No. 2005/092962 Pamphlet

  Therefore, the present inventors, as Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-248203, do not wait for the pressure in the decomposition tank to drop to normal pressure, and connect the decomposition liquid to the decomposition tank in a high-temperature and high-pressure state of 100 ° C. or higher. The decomposition device which discharges from the discharged discharge pipe, cools with the cooler in the middle of the discharge pipe, and takes out decomposition solution is proposed. As shown in FIG. 3, the decomposition apparatus includes a decomposition tank 1 for decomposing an object to be decomposed with a fluid in a supercritical or subcritical state. The temperature of the cooling liquid 10 to be cooled, the flow rate adjusting on / off valve 7 on the outlet side or the inlet side of the cooling apparatus 10, and the temperature of the decomposition liquid 16 on the outlet side of the cooling apparatus 10 is detected, and the temperature of the decomposition liquid 16 becomes below the boiling point. Thus, a control means for adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting on / off valve 7 is provided.

  However, in the above decomposition apparatus, when the amount of the decomposition liquid in the decomposition tank 1 decreases due to the discharge of the decomposition liquid 16, the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 decreases. Along with this, the flow rate of the decomposition liquid 16 flowing through the discharge pipe 6 is lowered, and there is a problem that solid content tends to adhere to the discharge pipe 6.

  Further, when the discharge pipe 6 is started up and installed in order to save the space of the decomposition apparatus, there is a problem that the decomposition liquid 16 in the decomposition tank 1 is not discharged to the end.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned background art, and its purpose is to efficiently extract and recover the decomposition liquid from the high-temperature and high-pressure decomposition tank in a short time, and to prevent the decomposition liquid flowing through the discharge pipe. It is intended to provide a decomposition apparatus and a decomposition liquid discharge method capable of preventing solid content from adhering to a discharge pipe due to a decrease in flow velocity and discharging the decomposition liquid in the decomposition tank to the end.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 of the present application includes a decomposition tank that decomposes an object to be decomposed with a fluid in a supercritical or subcritical state, and a discharge pipe that discharges the decomposition liquid from the decomposition tank. A gas supply means for assisting the discharge of the decomposition liquid by supplying a gas to the decomposition tank, having a cooler for cooling the decomposition liquid provided in the middle of the discharge pipe, and a discharge on-off valve; And a pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure in the decomposition tank, and the discharge on-off valve is operated at a normal pressure after the decomposition liquid is cooled to a predetermined temperature in the decomposition tank after a predetermined reaction time has elapsed. The gas supply means is opened in a state where a high pressure in the decomposition tank is maintained, and the gas supply means supplies gas so that the pressure in the decomposition tank becomes a predetermined value or more according to the pressure detected by the pressure detection means. To compensate for the pressure drop in the decomposition tank due to the discharge of It is characterized in that.

  Invention of Claim 2 of this application WHEREIN: The decomposition apparatus of the said Claim 1 WHEREIN: A decomposition | disassembly apparatus is equipped with the raw material supply piping which supplies a raw material to a decomposition tank, A gas supply means supplies gas from a raw material supply piping. It is said.

  The invention according to claim 3 of the present application is characterized in that, in the decomposition apparatus according to claim 1, the gas supply means supplies gas from the discharge pipe.

  The invention according to claim 4 of the present application is the decomposition apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the decomposition apparatus includes discharge flow rate detection means for detecting the discharge flow rate of the discharge pipe, and the gas supply means is the discharge flow rate. It is characterized in that gas is supplied so as to be equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

  The invention according to claim 5 of the present application is the decomposition apparatus according to claim 3, wherein when the pressure in the decomposition tank becomes a predetermined value or less, the discharge of the decomposition liquid from the discharge pipe is once stopped, The supply means supplies gas from the discharge pipe, and discharges the decomposition liquid from the discharge pipe again when the pressure in the decomposition tank reaches a predetermined value or more.

  The invention according to claim 6 of the present application is a method for discharging a decomposition solution in which a decomposition target is decomposed in a decomposition tank with a supercritical or subcritical fluid, and the decomposition solution is discharged from a discharge pipe after the decomposition is completed. A cooler that cools the cracked liquid in the middle of the discharge pipe and a discharge on / off valve are provided, a gas supply means for assisting the discharge of the cracked liquid by supplying gas to the cracked tank, and detecting the pressure in the cracked tank A pressure detection means is also provided, and after a predetermined reaction time has elapsed, the decomposition liquid is cooled to a predetermined temperature in the decomposition tank, and then the discharge on-off valve is opened while the decomposition tank internal pressure is higher than the normal pressure. To supply the gas according to the pressure detected by the pressure detection means so that the pressure in the decomposition tank becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, to compensate for the pressure drop in the decomposition tank due to the discharge of the decomposition liquid. It is a feature.

  In the decomposition apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the decomposition apparatus includes a cooler for cooling the decomposition solution provided in the middle of the discharge pipe, and a discharge opening / closing valve, and the discharge opening / closing valve is disposed after a predetermined reaction time has elapsed. After the cracked liquid is cooled to a predetermined temperature in the cracking tank, the cracked liquid is efficiently released from the high-temperature and high-pressure cracking tank by being released in a state in which the inner pressure of the cracking tank is higher than normal pressure. It can be taken out and collected in a short time. The gas supply means also includes gas supply means for supplying gas to the decomposition tank and assisting discharge of the decomposition liquid, and pressure detection means for detecting the pressure in the decomposition tank, and the gas supply means is a pressure detected by the pressure detection means. According to the above, the gas is supplied so that the pressure in the decomposition tank becomes a predetermined value or more to compensate for the pressure drop in the decomposition tank due to the discharge of the decomposition liquid, so that the decomposition liquid in the decomposition tank is discharged to the end. In addition, it is possible to effectively prevent the solid matter from adhering to the decrease in the flow rate of the decomposition liquid flowing through the discharge pipe.

  In the decomposition apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, in particular, the gas supply means removes the raw material adhering to the raw material supply pipe by using the gas pressure by supplying the gas from the raw material supply pipe. Can do.

  In the decomposition apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, in particular, the gas supply means supplies gas from the discharge pipe, thereby removing solids adhering in the discharge pipe using the pressure of the gas. it can.

  In the decomposition apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in particular, the gas supply means does not decrease the flow rate of the decomposition liquid flowing through the discharge pipe by supplying the gas so that the discharge flow rate becomes a predetermined value or more. It is possible to more reliably prevent solids from adhering to the discharge pipe.

  In the decomposition apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in particular, by supplying gas from the direction opposite to the flow direction of the decomposition liquid, the discharge port and the opening and closing for discharging are easy to collect solids contained in the decomposition liquid. The solid content staying in the valve can be swept away, and blockage can be effectively prevented. Moreover, the pressure drop in a decomposition tank can be prevented, and the solid content accompanying the fall of the flow rate of decomposition liquid can be prevented more reliably.

  In the method for discharging the decomposition liquid according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a cooler for cooling the decomposition liquid and a discharge opening / closing valve are provided in the middle of the discharge pipe, and the decomposition liquid is put into the decomposition tank after a predetermined reaction time. Then, after cooling to the specified temperature, open the discharge on-off valve with the internal pressure of the decomposition tank higher than normal pressure open, and start discharging the decomposition liquid. Therefore, it can be taken out and collected in a short time. In addition, a gas supply means for supplying gas to the decomposition tank to assist the discharge of the decomposition liquid and a pressure detection means for detecting the pressure in the decomposition tank are provided so that the pressure in the decomposition tank is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. By supplying the gas according to the pressure detected by the detection means and compensating for the pressure drop in the decomposition tank due to the discharge of the decomposition liquid, the decomposition liquid in the decomposition tank can be discharged to the end, and the discharge pipe is connected. It is possible to effectively prevent the solid matter from adhering to the flow rate of the flowing decomposition liquid.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the decomposition | disassembly apparatus which is 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the decomposition | disassembly apparatus which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the decomposition device which is a prior art example.

  FIG. 1 shows a decomposition apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The decomposition apparatus includes a decomposition tank 1 for decomposing the object 2 to be decomposed with a supercritical or subcritical fluid 3 and a discharge pipe 6 for discharging the decomposition liquid 16 from the decomposition tank 1. Detects the temperature of the cooler 10 that cools the cracked liquid 16 provided in the middle of the discharge pipe 6, the flow regulating valve 7 on the outlet side or the inlet side of the cooler 10, and the cracked liquid 16 on the outlet side of the cooler 10. And a gas supply means for supplying the gas 4 to the decomposition tank 1 and assisting the discharge of the decomposition liquid 16. Further, a raw material supply pipe 17 for supplying the decomposition target 2 to the decomposition tank 1, a discharge on-off valve 5 for discharging the decomposition liquid 16 from the decomposition tank 1, and a discharge flow rate for detecting the discharge flow rate of the discharge pipe 6 The detection means 9 and the pressure detection means 14 which detects the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 are provided. Here, the gas supply means supplies the gas 4 from the raw material supply pipe 17.

  Hereinafter, the decomposition apparatus of this embodiment will be described in more detail. As shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical pressure-resistant decomposition tank 1 for decomposing an object 2 to be decomposed with a supercritical or subcritical fluid 3 is provided. Is connected to a raw material supply pipe 17. A raw material supply valve 21 is provided on the raw material supply pipe 17 on the decomposition tank 1 side, and the material to be decomposed 2 is supplied to the decomposition tank 1 by opening the raw material supply valve 21.

  The decomposition target 2 is, for example, a plastic molded product such as a fiber reinforced plastic containing inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide and inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, and is stirred with the fluid 3 in the decomposition tank 1. In order to improve the mixing efficiency and improve the reaction efficiency, it is preferable to use after pulverizing so that the particle size is about 1-30 mm, preferably the maximum particle size is 10 mm or less. The pulverized plastic powder thus pulverized is supplied to the decomposition tank 1 through the raw material supply pipe 17.

  A fluid supply pipe 19 for supplying the fluid 3 is connected to the upper part of the decomposition tank 1. A fluid supply valve 22 is provided on the side of the decomposition tank 1 of the fluid supply pipe 19, and the fluid 3 is supplied into the decomposition tank 1 by opening the fluid supply valve 22, and is decomposed in a supercritical or subcritical state. Acting as a reaction catalyst for the product 2, the product 2 is decomposed. Examples of such a fluid 3 include water and alcohol, and an alkali such as sodium hydroxide may coexist in the fluid 3.

  A heating means 12 formed by a heater, a heat medium jacket or the like is provided on the outer periphery of the decomposition tank 1, and a temperature detection means 15 formed by a temperature sensor or the like is provided by being inserted into the decomposition tank 1. The decomposition tank 1 is provided with a pressure detection means 14 formed by a pressure gauge for measuring the internal pressure. In the decomposition process of the object 2 to be decomposed, the temperature detection means 15 and the pressure detection means 14 detect the temperature and pressure of the decomposition tank 1 while detecting the temperature and pressure in the decomposition tank 1 by heating means 12. The heating means 12 is controlled based on the temperature and pressure to be heated at the optimum temperature. The pressure detection means 14 detects the internal pressure of the decomposition tank 1 also when supplying the gas 4 from the gas supply pipe 18, and closes the gas supply valve 23 based on the detected pressure to supply the gas 4. Like to stop.

  The decomposition tank 1 is provided with a stirring means 13 for mixing the material 2 to be decomposed and the fluid 3 supplied to the decomposition tank 1. The stirring means 13 has a rotating shaft and an agitating blade attached to the rotating shaft, and the object to be decomposed in the decomposition tank 1 is driven by rotating the rotating shaft by a motor provided on the upper part of the decomposition tank 1. 2 and fluid 3 are stirred and mixed.

  The decomposition tank 1 is formed with a safety valve line constituted by piping, and a safety valve 20 is provided in the middle of the safety valve line. The safety valve 20 is a valve having a safety mechanism for preventing breakage of the decomposition tank 1 due to an abnormal increase in internal pressure under high temperature and high pressure during decomposition of the object 2 to be decomposed.

  One end of a discharge pipe 6 is connected to the bottom of the decomposition tank 1 via a discharge port 8, and the other end of the discharge pipe 6 is connected to a decomposition liquid recovery tank 11, and a discharge opening / closing valve 5 is connected to the discharge pipe 6. Is provided. Here, the high-temperature and high-pressure state decomposition liquid 16 in the decomposition tank 1 (fluid 3 containing decomposition products after decomposition of the decomposition target 2) is discharged by opening the discharge on-off valve 5 and decomposed through the discharge pipe 6. It is recovered in the liquid recovery tank 11. A cooler 10 such as a cylindrical multi-tube heat exchanger for cooling the decomposition solution 16 is provided in the middle of the discharge pipe 6. The decomposition solution 16 is cooled by the cooler 10, and the cooled decomposition solution 16 is It is stored in the decomposition liquid recovery tank 11.

  Further, the discharge pipe 6 is provided with a flow rate adjusting on / off valve 7 for adjusting the flow rate of the decomposition liquid 16 on the inlet side of the cooler 10 located on the downstream side of the discharging on / off valve 5. The flow rate adjusting on / off valve 7 is formed of an electromagnetic valve or the like so that the opening degree can be adjusted continuously, and the flow rate of the decomposition liquid 16 can be adjusted according to the opening degree. The flow rate adjusting on-off valve 7 may be provided on the outlet side of the cooler 10, but in this case, the cooler 10 needs to be a pressure vessel made of pressure resistance. Further, the discharge pipe 6 is provided with a flow rate detecting means 9 for detecting the flow rate of the decomposition solution 16 at a position between the discharge on-off valve 5 and the flow rate adjusting on-off valve 7.

  The temperature detector 25 detects the temperature of the decomposition liquid 16 on the outlet side of the cooler 10. Here, in order to take out the decomposition liquid 16 in a high temperature and high pressure state at a temperature higher than the boiling point of the decomposition liquid 16 and a pressure higher than normal pressure, the discharge on-off valve 5 is opened and the flow rate is adjusted by the flow rate adjustment on-off valve 7. After the adjustment, the decomposition liquid 16 is cooled by cooling water in the cooler 10. The opening of the flow rate adjusting on / off valve 7 is adjusted by the temperature of the decomposition liquid 16 on the outlet side of the cooler 10. The opening degree is adjusted by directly or indirectly detecting the temperature of the outlet-side decomposition liquid 16 by the temperature detector 25. If the outlet-side temperature is higher than the set boiling point temperature of the decomposition liquid 16, the flow rate is adjusted. This is done by narrowing the on-off valve 7 and opening it when it is low. Such adjustment of the opening degree is performed until the entire amount of the decomposition liquid 16 in the decomposition tank 1 is discharged. Even if the opening adjustment of the flow rate adjusting on / off valve 7 is fixed, the opening / closing of the flow rate adjusting on / off valve 7 is controlled according to the temperature of the decomposition liquid on the outlet side of the cooler 10 detected by the temperature detector 25. You may be able to do it.

  The gas supply pipe 18 is connected to the raw material supply pipe 17 on the upstream side of the raw material supply valve 21. The gas 4 is preferably air, nitrogen, or the like that does not react with the decomposition solution 16. For example, when supplying air as the gas 4, the other end of the tube whose one end is opened to the atmosphere is connected to the raw material supply pipe 17, and air is supplied by a pump to form a gas supply means. Further, when supplying nitrogen gas, argon gas, or the like, a gas supply means is formed by connecting a cylinder filled with these gases 4 to the gas supply pipe 18. In this case, the supply of the gas 4 is adjusted by opening and closing the gas supply valve 23.

  Next, the operation of the decomposition apparatus will be described. In the decomposition apparatus formed as described above, first, the discharge on-off valve 5 is closed, the fluid supply valve 22 is opened, and the fluid 3 is supplied from the fluid supply pipe 19 to the decomposition tank 1. The supply amount may be managed by a load cell with respect to the weight change in the decomposition tank 1 or may be managed by providing an integrated flow meter in the fluid supply pipe 19. Supply of the fluid 3 is stopped by closing the fluid supply valve 22. The material to be decomposed 2 opens the raw material supply valve 21 and is supplied to the decomposition tank 1 by a predetermined amount in a powder state from the raw material supply pipe 17. As with the fluid 3, the supply amount may be managed by changing the weight of 1 in the decomposition tank or by reducing the weight in the raw material storage tank to which the raw material supply pipe 17 is connected. The supply of the decomposition target 2 is stopped by closing the raw material supply valve 21.

  Next, since the substance 2 to be decomposed is powder, troubles such as troubles when the raw material supply valve 21 is closed due to the powder adhering to the raw material supply pipe 17 are predicted. The gas 4 is supplied from the gas supply pipe 18 by opening, and the deposits on the raw material supply pipe 17 are blown away and washed. The deposit is supplied to the decomposition tank 1 as it is, and the gas 4 is discharged to the outside from a safety valve 20 that is opened during this cleaning process.

  In addition, as a method for charging the decomposition target 2 and the fluid 3, the decomposition target 2 and the fluid 3 are used in a pretreatment tank equipped with a stirring device in order to sufficiently mix the decomposition target 2 and the fluid 3. After mixing a predetermined amount, the slurry may be made into a slurry and supplied to the decomposition tank 1 through the raw material supply pipe 17 by a liquid feed pump capable of transferring the slurry liquid. In this case, the cleaning step using the gas 4 described above is unnecessary.

  After supplying the decomposition target 2 and the fluid 3 to the decomposition tank 1 in this manner, the decomposition tank 1 is sealed, and the decomposition target 2 and the fluid 3 are heated by the heating means 12 while being stirred by the stirring means 13.

  Then, heating is performed by the heating means 12 while detecting the temperature in the decomposition tank 1 by the temperature detection means 15 and the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 by the pressure detection means 14, and heating is performed according to the detected temperature and pressure. By controlling the temperature, the temperature and pressure at which the fluid 3 in the decomposition tank 1 becomes supercritical or subcritical is maintained, and the decomposition target 2 is decomposed using the fluid 3 in the supercritical or subcritical state as a reaction catalyst. It is something that can be done. For example, when an unsaturated polyester resin molded product is used as the decomposition target 2 and water is used as the fluid 3, the concentration of the unsaturated polyester resin molded product is adjusted to 10 to 30 wt% and the decomposition temperature is set to 200 to 260 ° C., and water is supercritical. Alternatively, the unsaturated polyester resin can be hydrolyzed into a monomer such as a styrene maleic acid copolymer or a polyhydric alcohol by maintaining the subcritical state and reacting for 30 minutes to 4 hours. Moreover, when FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) is used as the material 2 to be decomposed, the decomposition solution 16 contains inorganic substances such as glass fibers and calcium carbonate in the FRP as solids as they are.

  After a predetermined reaction time, the decomposition tank 1 is cooled. For example, when the heating means 12 is constituted by a heat medium jacket, the heat medium itself is cooled by a separately installed cooling means, and the cooled heat medium oil is circulated and externally cooled. Cooling is continued until the internal temperature of the decomposition tank 1 drops to a predetermined temperature (discharge start temperature). The discharge start temperature only needs to be equal to or higher than the saturation temperature at normal pressure, the cooling efficiency in the decomposition tank 1 is slowed, the heat transfer area of the cooler 10 of the discharge pipe 6 becomes excessive, or the discharge pressure is Considering that it does not become excessive, about 120 to 160 ° C. is appropriate. In this example, it is set to 130 ° C. At this time, the internal pressure of the decomposition tank 1 is 0.27 MPa equal to the saturated vapor pressure.

  In the step of discharging the decomposition liquid 16, the decomposition liquid 16 is discharged from the discharge pipe 6 by operating the discharge opening / closing valve 5 and the flow rate adjustment opening / closing valve 7. Since the internal pressure of the decomposition tank 1 is 0.27 MPa, which is equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure, the decomposition liquid 16 is discharged from the decomposition tank 1 simply by opening the discharge on-off valve 5 and the flow rate adjusting on-off valve 7. The cracked liquid 16 discharged in a high temperature and high pressure state is cooled by the cooler 10 to a saturation temperature (100 ° C. in water) or less at normal pressure of the liquid and stored in the cracked liquid recovery tank 11. Completion of the discharge may be managed by managing the change in the weight of the decomposition tank 1 with a load cell or by the flow rate detecting means 9 not detecting the discharge flow rate.

  At this time, since the decomposition liquid 16 is discharged in a pressurized state, the flow rate is fast, and there is an effect of shortening the discharge time, and the solid content contained in the decomposition liquid 16 such as an inorganic substance in the discharge pipe 6 is obtained. Sedimentation can be suppressed.

  However, the capacity of the decomposition liquid 16 in the decomposition tank 1 decreases as it is discharged, and the volume of the gas phase portion expands and increases accordingly. When the temperature T is constant, PV = constant according to Boyle's law, so the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 decreases and the discharge flow rate of the decomposition liquid 16 decreases.

  For this reason, in the present embodiment, the flow rate detection means 9 detects the discharge flow rate of the discharge pipe 6 and the gas supply pipe 18 supplies the gas so that the discharge flow rate is maintained at a predetermined value (for example, 70% of the initial flow rate) or more. 4 is supplied and the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 is controlled to be constant. The supply amount of the gas 4 is performed by opening control of the gas supply valve 23 or the like. Such control may be performed from the beginning of the discharge of the decomposition liquid 16, or is performed at the time when the gas 4 is not supplied and the flow rate is lower than a predetermined flow rate (for example, 70% of the initial flow rate). May be.

  Further, the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 is detected by the pressure detection means 14, and the gas 4 is supplied from the gas supply pipe 18 so that the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 is maintained at a predetermined value (for example, 0.2 MPa) or more. Thus, the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 may be controlled to be constant. The supply amount of the gas 4 is performed by opening control of the gas supply valve 23 or the like.

  Furthermore, when the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 is detected by the pressure detection means 14 and the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 becomes a predetermined value (for example, 0.15 MPa) or less, the discharge on-off valve 5 is once closed. The gas 4 may be supplied until the discharge of the decomposition liquid 1 is stopped and the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 reaches the discharge reference pressure (for example, 0.2 MPa). The discharge on / off valve 5 is opened again to discharge the decomposition liquid 16.

  Accordingly, the cooler 10 for cooling the cracked liquid 16 provided in the middle of the discharge pipe 6, the flow rate adjusting on / off valve 7 on the outlet side or the inlet side of the cooler 10, and the temperature of the cracked liquid 16 on the outlet side of the cooler 10. Therefore, the decomposition liquid 16 can be efficiently taken out and recovered from the high-temperature and high-pressure decomposition tank 1 in a short time. Further, by providing gas supply means for supplying the gas 4 to the decomposition tank 1 and assisting the discharge of the decomposition liquid 16, the internal pressure drop in the decomposition tank 1 accompanying the discharge of the decomposition liquid 16 is compensated, and the decomposition tank 1 The decomposition solution 16 can be discharged to the end, and solid content accompanying a decrease in the flow rate of the decomposition solution 16 flowing through the discharge pipe 6 can be effectively prevented. Furthermore, the decomposition liquid 16 can be pumped up, and it is not necessary to place the decomposition liquid recovery tank 11 directly under the decomposition tank 1. By raising the discharge pipe 6 and suppressing the height of the entire equipment, space saving is achieved. It is possible to reduce the equipment cost.

  FIG. 2 shows a disassembling apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Here, only matters different from those in the first embodiment will be described, and other matters (configuration, operational effects, and the like) are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted. The gas supply means of this decomposition apparatus supplies the gas 4 from the discharge pipe 6.

  The gas supply pipe 18 is connected to the discharge pipe 6 on the upstream side of the flow rate adjusting on-off valve 7 via a check valve 24. When the end to the decomposition liquid recovery tank 11 is opened, the gas 4 is released. Therefore, the flow rate adjusting on / off valve 7 on the decomposition liquid recovery tank 11 side is closed and the gas 4 is supplied. The pressure in 1 is increased. In this case, when the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 becomes a predetermined value (for example, 0.15 MPa) or less, the flow rate adjustment on-off valve 7 is temporarily closed to stop the discharge of the decomposition liquid 16, and the discharge on-off valve 5 The gas 4 is supplied from the gas supply pipe 18 connected in the middle of the discharge pipe 6 until the pressure in the decomposition tank 1 reaches the discharge reference pressure (for example, 0.2 MPa). When the discharge reference pressure is reached, the gas supply valve 23 is closed to stop the supply of the gas 4, the flow rate adjustment on / off valve 7 is opened, and the discharge of the decomposition liquid 16 is resumed. Here, the supply of the gas 4 is controlled according to the pressure in the decomposition tank 1, but the supply of the gas 4 is controlled according to the discharge flow rate of the discharge pipe 6 detected by the flow rate detection means 9. May be.

  Therefore, by supplying the gas 4 from the direction opposite to the flow direction of the decomposition liquid 16, the solids retained in the discharge port 8 and the discharge opening / closing valve 5 in which solid contents contained in the decomposition liquid 16 such as inorganic substances are likely to be accumulated. Minutes can be swept away and occlusion can be effectively prevented. Moreover, the pressure drop in the decomposition tank 1 can be prevented, and adhesion of solid content to the discharge pipe 6 accompanying the decrease in the flow rate of the decomposition liquid 16 can be more reliably prevented.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Decomposition tank 2 Object to be decomposed 3 Fluid 4 Gas 5 Discharge on-off valve 6 Discharge piping 9 Discharge flow rate detection means 10 Cooler 14 Pressure detection means 16 Decomposition liquid 17 Raw material supply piping 25 Temperature detector

Claims (6)

  In a decomposition apparatus equipped with a decomposition tank that decomposes a substance to be decomposed with a fluid in a supercritical or subcritical state and a discharge pipe that discharges the decomposition liquid from the decomposition tank, the decomposition liquid provided in the middle of the discharge pipe is cooled. And a gas supply means for supplying gas to the decomposition tank to assist discharge of the decomposition liquid, and a pressure detection means for detecting the pressure in the decomposition tank. The discharge on-off valve is opened after a predetermined reaction time has elapsed and the decomposition liquid is cooled to a predetermined temperature in the decomposition tank, and is then opened in a state where the internal pressure of the decomposition tank is higher than normal pressure. According to the pressure detected by the pressure detection means, the supply means supplies gas so that the pressure in the decomposition tank becomes a predetermined value or more to compensate for the pressure drop in the decomposition tank due to the discharge of the decomposition liquid. Disassembling device characterized.   The decomposition apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a raw material supply pipe for supplying an object to be decomposed to the decomposition tank, wherein the gas supply means supplies gas from the raw material supply pipe.   The decomposition apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas supply means supplies gas from the discharge pipe.   The decomposition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising discharge flow rate detection means for detecting a discharge flow rate of the discharge pipe, wherein the gas supply means supplies the gas so that the discharge flow rate becomes a predetermined value or more. apparatus.   When the pressure in the decomposition tank becomes a predetermined value or less, once the decomposition liquid is stopped from being discharged from the discharge pipe, the gas supply means supplies gas from the discharge pipe, and the pressure in the decomposition tank is at a predetermined value. 4. The decomposition apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the decomposition liquid is again discharged from the discharge pipe when the above is reached.   A method for discharging a decomposition solution in which a decomposition target is decomposed in a decomposition tank with a fluid in a supercritical or subcritical state, and the decomposition solution is discharged from the discharge pipe after the decomposition is completed. The decomposition solution is cooled in the middle of the discharge pipe. Provided with a cooling device and an on-off valve for discharging, gas supply means for supplying gas to the decomposition tank to assist discharge of the decomposition liquid, and pressure detection means for detecting the pressure in the decomposition tank, After the reaction time has elapsed, the decomposition liquid is cooled to a predetermined temperature in the decomposition tank, and then the discharge on-off valve is opened while maintaining the internal pressure of the decomposition tank higher than normal pressure, and the discharge of the decomposition liquid is started. A method for discharging a decomposition liquid, comprising supplying gas according to the pressure detected by the pressure detection means so that the pressure in the inside becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value to compensate for the pressure drop in the decomposition tank accompanying the discharge of the decomposition liquid.

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