JP2010057366A - System for controlling water temperature of culture aquarium - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for controlling the water temperature of a culture aquarium, which can effectively use a solar water heater and simultaneously use the noteworthy characteristics of micro bubbles to extremely efficiently control the water temperature of the culture aquarium and simultaneously accurately maintain the quality of the water. <P>SOLUTION: The water temperature control system A in an aquarium 1 for culturing fishes, shellfishes, or the like, includes a solar water heater 2, a hot water circulation route 3 for circulating the hot water produced in the solar water heater 2, a liquid-gas heat exchanger 4 disposed in the middle of the hot water circulation route 3 and subjected to a heat exchange with introduced external air to produce warm air, and a gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 for introducing the warm air produced by the liquid-gas heat exchanger 4 thereinto to exchange heat with water supplied from the culture aquarium 1 and to produce warm water, and returning the heat-exchanged warm water to the culture aquarium 1, wherein a micro bubble generator 6 is disposed in the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5, and the warm air is micro-bubbled by the micro bubble generator 6 to contact the water supplied from the culture aquarium 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a system for controlling the water temperature in a large aquaculture tank for seafood.

  When cultivating seafood such as tuna, tuna, sea bream, mackerel, squid, shellfish and crab in an aquarium, the adjustment of the water temperature in the aquarium is important for obtaining good quality seafood. In addition, since many fish and shellfish are cultivated in the aquarium, the feces and the remaining food are collected, thereby causing various bacteria to grow and the water quality to deteriorate. Therefore, maintaining water quality is also important in obtaining good quality seafood. Such a device for adjusting the water temperature and maintaining the water quality is very large, and a large amount of cost has been imposed on the fishermen for the installation.

  By the way, although the solar water heater which uses solar heat as a heat source attracted attention from an energy-saving viewpoint and was used also in the general house, it has recently replaced with a solar power generation device and may not be used effectively. In recent years, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, an apparatus for generating microbubbles having a diameter of about 3 μm has been developed, and an attempt to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen by applying it to an aquaculture pond or aquaculture farm will be made. Became. Furthermore, as shown in Patent Document 2, a wind power generation device or a feeding device that operates using electric power obtained from a solar power generation device as a drive source is installed in a fishery farm, and is automatically fed by natural energy. It has also been proposed to fish seafood in a resource-saving manner.

Japanese Patent No. 3682286 Japanese Patent No. 3766414

  When considered as a hot water supply system, the solar water heater has sufficient performance and is preferably used effectively. It is extremely useless to leave it as it is as equipment. In addition, when cultivating seafood in an aquaculture tank, it is important to adjust the water temperature and maintain the water quality in the tank, and it is necessary to install large-scale equipment for that purpose. Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 show an application example in a farm where a sea, a lake, or the like is partitioned by a fish net. In the case of such a farm, it exists in a part of the sea or lake in a natural state. Therefore, it is not necessary to control the water temperature and water quality. Even if this natural environment is no longer appropriate for seafood, it is extremely difficult to control. In particular, contamination by bacteria is difficult to prevent, and consumers will suffer a great disadvantage when fish and shellfish contaminated with bacteria are put on the market. In the aquaculture farm which patent document 1 and patent document 2 make object, the technical idea which controls the water temperature and water quality in the aquaculture tank is not derived.

  The object of the present invention is to make effective use of the solar water heater, and to use the special characteristics of microbubbles to adjust the water temperature of the aquaculture tank extremely efficiently and at the same time to maintain water quality accurately. It is to provide a water temperature control system for aquaculture tanks.

The water temperature control system for the aquaculture tank according to the present invention is:
A water temperature control system for aquaculture tanks for seafood, etc.
A solar water heater,
A hot water circuit for circulating hot water generated by the solar water heater,
A liquid-air heat exchanger that is arranged in the middle of the hot water circulation path and generates heat by exchanging heat with the introduced outside air;
Air-liquid heat exchange in which warm air generated by the liquid-air heat exchanger is introduced and heat is exchanged with water supplied from the aquaculture tank to form hot water, and the heat exchange warm water is returned to the aquaculture tank. Including
A microbubble generator is installed in the gas-liquid heat exchanger, and the warm air is microbubbled by the microbubble generator and is configured to come into contact with water supplied from the aquaculture tank. This is a water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank.

  According to the present invention, hot water is generated in an energy-saving manner by the solar water heater. The heat of the generated warm water is transferred to the outside air to be introduced and exchanged in the liquid-air heat exchanger. The warm air generated in the liquid-air heat exchanger is introduced into the gas-liquid heat exchanger and comes into contact with the water supplied from the aquaculture tank, and the water from the aquaculture tank is transferred from the warm air as hot water. It is circulated in the aquaculture tank. At this time, the warm air is microbubbled by a microbubble generator installed in the gas-liquid heat exchanger, and is configured to come into contact with water supplied from the aquaculture tank. Heat exchange to water is efficiently performed. In other words, the surface area of the microbubbles is extremely large and the floating speed in water is slow, so that the contact area with water is large and the contact time is long, which makes it possible to exchange heat from warm air to water. Is made efficient. Since the heat exchange hot water is returned to the aquaculture tank, the water temperature in the tank is adjusted accordingly. In addition, the generation of microbubbles promotes the dissolution of oxygen in water and increases the amount of dissolved oxygen. In addition, the microbubbles have a high surface area and thus have strong adhesion. The microbubbles float as they are by attaching dirt and bacteria such as seafood droppings and food remnants floating in the water. It is returned to the aquaculture tank in a state where the amount is large and purified. Therefore, the purified water is successively refluxed to the aquaculture tank to purify the water in the aquaculture tank. In addition, the growth of fish and shellfish is improved by refluxing water with a large amount of dissolved oxygen.

  In addition, as a microbubble generator used here, the microbubble generator shown by patent document 1 is employ | adopted preferably, for example.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that an overflow discharge port is provided in an upper part of the gas-liquid heat exchanger.

  According to the present invention, since the microbubbles that floated by adhering dust and germs are discharged together with the overflow water from the overflow outlet, the floated dust and germs do not settle again in the water, and the aquaculture tank Purified heat-exchanged hot water that does not contain garbage or germs is accurately returned to the water.

  In addition, the present invention is characterized by comprising an air supply line for supplying warm air directly from the liquid-air heat exchanger to the aquaculture tank.

  According to the present invention, since warm air is directly supplied from the liquid-air heat exchanger to the aquaculture tank, this supplements the temperature adjustment function of the aquaculture tank. Moreover, since the warm air supplied to the aquaculture tank rises in the form of bubbles, this also provides a gas-liquid stirring action, increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water in the aquaculture tank.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that water purification means is provided in a water supply pipe line from the aquaculture tank to the gas-liquid heat exchanger.

  According to the present invention, since the water from the aquaculture tank is supplied to the gas-liquid heat exchanger through the water purification means, the purification action in the gas-liquid heat exchanger is more effectively achieved.

  In this case, the water purification means may be a filter. By passing through the filter, dust and the like are removed.

  The water purification means may be an ultraviolet germicidal lamp. By adopting such an ultraviolet germicidal lamp, even germs that pass through the filter can be killed. Since the dead bodies of various bacteria adhere to the microbubbles and float by the gas-liquid heat exchanger, they do not return to the aquaculture tank.

  Further, the water purifying means may comprise a carrier carrying a photocatalyst and an ultraviolet lamp installed to irradiate the carrier with ultraviolet rays. When configured with such a combination of a photocatalyst and an ultraviolet lamp, the bactericidal action becomes more prominent, and the germs of various germs are similarly attached to the microbubbles by the liquid-air heat exchanger and float up. The degree of purification of water is further increased.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that an introduction pipe for introducing the outside air heated by the auxiliary heating means is connected to the outside air introduction portion to the liquid-air heat exchanger.

  According to the present invention, since the outside air heated by the auxiliary heating means is introduced from the outside air introduction part to the liquid-air heat exchanger, even when the hot water by the solar water heater does not have sufficient heat, The insufficient heat possessed by the hot water is supplemented by the warm air heated by the auxiliary heating means. In particular, the function of the solar water heater is reduced at night or when the weather is bad, but even in such a case, the function is supplemented and the water temperature adjustment function in the aquaculture tank is maintained.

  The auxiliary heating means may comprise solar heat collecting and heat radiating means installed at the outside air inlet of the introduction pipe.

  Thus, if the solar heat collecting and heat radiating means is an auxiliary heating means, the complementary function can be obtained in terms of energy saving. Further, since the auxiliary heating means is installed at the outside air inlet of the introduction pipe, the outside air heated in the vicinity of the outside air inlet is efficiently introduced into the liquid-air heat exchanger by the air flow.

  In addition, the auxiliary heating means is an infrared lamp that is installed in the introduction pipe and emits light using as a power source the wind power generation means or the solar power generation means installed at least in the outside air inlet of the introduction pipe. Also good.

  In this case, the outside air passing through the introduction pipe is warmed by the infrared lamp and introduced into the liquid-air heat exchanger. If it is used in combination with the solar heat collecting and heat radiating means, this warming is more effectively achieved. Moreover, this infrared lamp is energy-saving because it uses power obtained by wind power generation means or solar power generation means installed at least at the outside air inlet of the introduction pipe. And if the electric power obtained by such a power generation means is stored in the storage battery, even if the function of the solar water heater is reduced at night or the like, the water temperature adjusting function is maintained.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that an automatic feeding device that operates using electric power obtained by wind power generation means and solar power generation means as a drive source is installed on the aquaculture tank.

  According to the present invention, since the automatic feeding device is installed on the aquaculture tank, the labor involved in the cultivation of seafood is greatly reduced. In addition, since the automatic feeding device operates using the electric power obtained by the wind power generation means and the solar power generation means as a drive source, it is energy saving and can reduce running costs.

Further, the present invention provides the denitrification device,
In order to give organic carbon to denitrifying bacteria, a plurality of organic carbon source supply layers containing polysaccharides that are organic carbon sources in the liquid, and the denitrifying bacteria inhabit the voids of the carrier made of continuous porous material. And several bacterial habitats that are stacked alternately,
Each organic carbon source supply layer
The polysaccharide is chitin,
Powdered chitin, carbonate mineral powder given by dissolving mineral components in a liquid, and fine sand with bacteria that decompose chitin into glucose are housed in a non-woven bag. It is characterized by being able to.

Further, the present invention provides the denitrification device,
(A) a rectangular parallelepiped container 221 opened upward;
(B) a laminate,
A plurality of organic carbon source supply layers 203a to 203e and a plurality of bacterial habitat layers 204a to 204d alternately stacked from the bottom 206 of the container 221 upward;
Among these laminated organic carbon source supply layers 203a to 203e and bacterial habitat layers 204a to 204d, the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer are organic carbon source supply layers 203a and 203e,
Each organic carbon source supply layer 203a-203e is
In order to give organic carbon to denitrifying bacteria, the liquid contains a polysaccharide which is an organic carbon source, which is chitin,
Powdered chitin, carbon salt mineral powder that dissolves mineral components in a liquid, and fine sand to which bacteria that decompose chitin into glucose are housed and provided in a bag made of nonwoven fabric,
Each bacterial habitat 204a-204d
A structure in which denitrifying bacteria live in the voids of the carrier 225 made of a porous material having continuous voids;
A lowermost bacterial habitat layer 204a provided on the lowermost organic carbon source supply layer 203a, and an uppermost bacterial habitat layer 204d provided on the uppermost organic carbon source supply layer 203e; The porosity of the first carrier (225, FIG. 9) is higher than the porosity of the second carrier (225, FIG. 10) of the remaining bacterial habitat 204c, and
The second carrier (225, FIG. 10) has a larger surface area than the first carrier (225, FIG. 9), and
(C) Provided on one side of the container 221 and opens to the uppermost organic carbon source supply layer 203e and the uppermost bacterial habitat layer 204d to supply a liquid containing nitric acid to be denitrified A supply line 207;
(D) A discharge pipe that is provided on the other side opposite to the one side of the container 221 and opens to the lowest bacterial habitat layer 204a and discharges the liquid flowing down in the container 221 containing the laminate. And a path 208.

In the present invention, the volume mixing ratio in the organic carbon source supply layer is
Chitin powder: Carbonate mineral powder: Fine sand = 1-2: 4: 4-5
It is characterized by being.

Further, the present invention provides the denitrification device,
In the denitrification device that converts the nitric acid in the liquid containing nitric acid into nitrogen gas using denitrifying bacteria,
In order to give organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria, it has an organic carbon source supply layer in which cellulose that is an organic carbon source is contained in the liquid,
Downstream of the organic carbon source supply layer, a plurality of mineral supply layers and a plurality of bacterial habitat layers are alternately stacked and arranged,
Each mineral supply layer has carbonate mineral powder given by dissolving mineral components in a liquid, and fine sand to which bacteria that decompose cellulose into glucose are attached,
Each bacterial habitat has a structure in which denitrifying bacteria live in the voids of the carrier made of a porous material having continuous voids.

Further, the present invention is a water temperature control system in an aquaculture tank 1 for seafood,
A solar water heater 2 for heating water by solar heat;
Hot water circulation paths 3, 3 a, 3 d, 3 e for circulating hot water generated by the solar water heater 2,
An aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a that is disposed in the middle of the warm water circulation path 3, 3a, 3d, 3e and indirectly exchanges heat between the warm water and the water for the aquaculture tank 1;
Microbubble generating means 6a for generating microbubbles with air and water from the aquaculture tank 1,
The water in which microbubbles are generated from the microbubble generating means 6a is guided to the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a, and the water heated by the warm water from the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a is supplied to the aquaculture tank 1. A water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank, comprising water supply pipes 52, 53a, 53 for guiding water from the aquaculture tank 1 to the microbubble generating means 6a and circulating the water in the aquaculture tank 1 It is.

The present invention further includes an air heat exchanger 4 that is disposed in the middle of the hot water circulation paths 3, 3a to 3e, and heats the air that is the outside air by the hot water to exchange heat.
The microbubble generating means 6a is characterized by generating microbubbles by the heated air supplied from the air heat exchanger 4.

The present invention also includes means 401 for detecting the temperature of the water in the aquaculture tank 1;
A first on-off valve V1 for opening and closing a flow path of the hot water flowing from the solar water heating apparatus 2 to the culture water heat exchanger 4a in the hot water circulation paths 3, 3a to 3e;
A second on-off valve V2 for opening and closing a flow path of the hot water flowing from the solar water heater 2 to the heat exchanger 4 for air in the hot water circulation paths 3, 3a to 3e;
Control means 402,
Responding to the output from the water temperature detecting means 401,
First and second temperatures T1, T2 are preset (where T1 <T2),
When the detected temperature T is lower than the second temperature T2, the first and second on-off valves V1, V2 are opened,
Thus, by opening the first and second on-off valves V1, V2, the time change rate α of the temperature rise of the detected temperature T is calculated,
In the first case where the calculated time rate of change α of temperature rise is less than a predetermined value α1 (α <α1), the first and second on-off valves V1, V2 are set to the first operation mode.
In the second case where the calculated time rate of change α of temperature rise is equal to or greater than a predetermined value α1 (α1 ≦ α), the first on-off valve V1 is closed and the second on-off valve V2 is opened, and the second operation mode is set.
Thereafter, when the detected temperature T rises above the second temperature T2, the first and second on-off valves V1, V2 are closed,
And a control means 402 for setting the first operation mode in the first case and the second operation mode in the second case when the detected temperature T falls below the first temperature T1. Features.

The present invention also includes a suction pump 411 for supplying water from the aquaculture tank 1;
An aeration unit 413 that mixes water from the suction pump 411 and heated air from the air heat exchanger 4 to derive a gas-liquid mixed fluid;
The gas-liquid mixed fluid from the aeration unit 413 is guided to the microbubble generating means 6b to generate microbubbles.

In the present invention, the microbubble generating means 6b has a housing 418,
The housing 418
A hollow portion 417 that is formed in a rotationally symmetric manner and has a diameter reduced toward both axial directions of the rotationally symmetric axis 416;
A gas-liquid introduction hole 419 is opened in a tangential direction in the peripheral wall portion of the housing 418,
Microbubble ejection holes 421 and 422 are opened in both directions of the rotationally symmetric axis 416 in the reduced diameter portion of the hollow portion of the housing 418,
The microbubble ejection holes 421 and 422 are formed to coincide with the position of the negative pressure axis formed by the swirling flow of the gas-liquid mixed fluid that has flowed into the housing 418.

  According to the present invention, the solar water heater can be effectively utilized by taking advantage of its characteristics. In addition, since the warm air generated by heat exchange with hot water from the solar water heater in the liquid-air heat exchanger is brought into contact with the water that is microbubbled in the gas-liquid heat exchanger and supplied from the aquaculture tank, Due to the characteristics of the microbubbles, heat exchange with water is achieved very efficiently. Since this heat exchange hot water is returned to the aquaculture tank, the water temperature in the aquaculture tank can be easily controlled so as to be suitable for the growth of seafood. When heat is exchanged in the gas-liquid heat exchanger, the dust and germs contained in the water adhere to the microbubbles and float, so that these dust and germs are removed from the gas-liquid heat exchanger. In addition, water with a large amount of dissolved oxygen is returned to the aquaculture tank, and the water in the aquaculture tank can be kept clean and suitable for the growth of seafood. As described above, the excellent effect of the present invention can be achieved by effectively utilizing the solar water heater, which has been concerned about its treatment as waste, and applying the special characteristics of microbubbles to this. Yes, the real benefits are extremely large.

  According to the present invention, by providing the polysaccharide in the liquid, it is possible to continue to provide organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria for a long period of time. Compared to the configuration in which alcohols are added or icing sugar is added. Thus, the amount of work for supplying the organic carbon source necessary for supplying organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria can be reduced, and the repetition cycle of the work can be lengthened. Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the supply operation of the organic carbon source given to the denitrifying bacteria for removing nitrogen from the liquid.

  According to the present invention, by providing easily available chitin in the liquid, organic carbon can be continuously given to denitrifying bacteria for a long period of time. Compared to a configuration that uses methane, the amount of work required to supply the organic carbon source required to supply organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria is reduced, and the repetition cycle of the work can be prolonged. It is possible to easily realize the denitrification apparatus. Therefore, the efficiency of the operation for removing nitrogen from the liquid can be improved.

  According to the present invention, the contact area between the liquid and the denitrifying bacteria can be increased, and the polysaccharides in the organic carbon source supply layer can easily give organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria in the bacterial habitat. And can provide organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria as uniformly as possible. Accordingly, it is possible to promote the growth of denitrifying bacteria and increase the efficiency of removing nitrogen using the denitrifying bacteria.

  Further, according to the present invention, by increasing the contact area between the powdered chitin and the liquid, the chitin can be easily decomposed, and denitrifying bacteria can be provided with sufficient organic carbon. Moreover, even if powdered chitin is used, the chitin powder is housed in a bag body and is easy to handle, and the maintainability can be improved.

  Further, according to the present invention, a mineral component such as calcium can be dissolved in the liquid, so that it is useful for reforming the liquid by giving the mineral component while removing nitrogen from the liquid.

  In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a structure in which polysaccharides are decomposed to give organic carbon to denitrifying bacteria with a simple structure in which fine sand is provided in a liquid.

  According to the present invention, by providing easily available cellulose in the liquid, it is possible to continue to provide organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria for a long period of time. Compared to the configuration in which rock sugar is added, the amount of work for supplying organic carbon source necessary for supplying organic carbon to denitrifying bacteria can be reduced, and the repetition cycle of the work can be prolonged. The denitrification device to be achieved can be easily realized. Therefore, the efficiency of the operation for removing nitrogen from the liquid can be improved.

  Further, according to the present invention, the aquaculture environment of the fish and shellfish in the aquaculture tank is deteriorated due to soiling of the aquaculture water. By removing ammonia as described above, a favorable aquaculture environment is secured and maintained in the aquaculture tank. can do. Therefore, it is possible to realize an aquaculture facility with an excellent aquaculture environment.

  According to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 23, the water containing microbubbles generated by the air obtained by the microbubble generating means 6a and 6d and the water from the aquaculture tank is used as solar hot water. Since the indirect heat exchange is performed with the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a using the hot water from the apparatus 2, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the air that is the outside air supplied to the microbubble generating means 6a and 6d is converted into solar hot water. By preheating with the hot water from the apparatus 2 using the heat exchanger 4 for air, the temperature of culture water can also be heated efficiently.

  Further, according to the present invention, in the winter, the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a and the air heat exchanger 4 are heated efficiently by the opening and closing operations of the first and second on-off valves V1 and V2. In summer and the like, the culture water heat exchanger 4a is stopped by closing the first on-off valve V1, and the air heat exchanger 4 is operated by the opening / closing operation of the second on-off valve V2. You may make it heat aquaculture water with a bubble, and it becomes possible easily to use the hot water refine | purified by the solar water heater for another use, for example, the objectives other than aquaculture in a factory.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, if the time change rate α of the temperature rise of the aquaculture water is less than a predetermined α1, it is determined that the first case such as winter is the first and second on-off valve V1. , V2 is opened and closed, and if the time change rate α is equal to or greater than a predetermined α1, it is determined that the second case such as summer is reached, and the first on-off valve V1 is closed. The second operation mode in which the second on-off valve V2 is opened and closed is performed. Such a time change rate α can be calculated and obtained at the start of operation such as winter or summer, and the determination in the first and second cases can be made.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the microbubble generating means 6d can generate microbubbles using the gas-liquid mixed fluid from the aeration unit 413 and generate fine bubbles. Such microbubble generating means 6d can be realized using a microbubble generator 6c immersed in a container 50 in which aquaculture water is stored, as shown in FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram showing a water temperature control system A of an aquaculture tank 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The water temperature control system A of the aquaculture tank 1 according to the present embodiment includes a solar water heater 2, a hot water circuit 3 for circulating hot water generated by the solar water heater 2, and a hot water circuit 3. The liquid-air heat exchanger 4 is configured to exchange heat with the introduced outside air to generate warm air, and the warm air generated by the liquid-air heat exchanger 4 is introduced and supplied from the aquaculture tank 1 And a gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 that recirculates the heat-exchanged hot water to the aquaculture tank 1. A microbubble generator 6 is installed in the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5, and the warm air is microbubbled by the microbubble generator 6 and comes into contact with water supplied from the aquaculture tank 1. It is configured to

  The solar water heater 2 has a large number of heat collecting pipes 21 arranged side by side so as to face sunlight, and water is circulated and supplied to each heat collecting pipe 21 by a circulation pump 31 arranged in the hot water circulation path 3. The hot water is generated by absorbing solar heat during circulation in the heat pipe 21. A water replenishment tank 32 is installed in the middle of the hot water circulation path 3, and is configured to appropriately refill water when detecting by a detection means (not shown) that the amount of hot water circulating in the hot water circulation path 3 is less than a predetermined amount. ing. In addition, a heat storage tank 33 is provided on the return path from the liquid-air heat exchanger 4 in the hot water circulation path 3 to store the retained heat of the circulating hot water, and the heat absorption efficiency of solar heat in the solar water heating apparatus 2 It is made to raise.

  The liquid-air heat exchanger 4 is composed of an exchanger housing 40 and a copper pipe serpentine tube 41 installed in the exchanger housing 40. The hot water from the hot water circulation path 3 circulates and circulates in the serpentine tube 41, and comes into contact with the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction portion 7 provided in the exchanger housing 40. An exchange is made. An outside air introduction pipe 72 is connected to the introduction section 7 via a suction fan 71 and is heated by the outside air inlet 73 of the introduction pipe 72 and the auxiliary heating means 8 and 9 installed in the introduction pipe 72. The outside air can be introduced into the exchanger housing 40. The auxiliary heating means 8 comprises solar heat collecting and heat radiating means. The auxiliary heating means 9 is composed of an infrared lamp that emits light using the power obtained by the wind power generation means and the solar power generation means installed at the outside air inlet 73 as a power source. Details of the auxiliary heating means 8 and 9 will be described later.

  Warm air generated by the liquid-air heat exchanger 4 is introduced into the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 through a warm air introduction pipe 42 and is supplied from a microbubble generator 6 connected to the tip of the warm air introduction pipe 42. The water is supplied and stored in the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 from the aquaculture tank 1. The warm air is also supplied directly from the liquid-air heat exchanger 4 through the air supply line 43 into the aquaculture tank 1. The gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 includes a housing container 50 that can store the aquaculture water supplied from the aquaculture tank 1, and an overflow discharge port 51 is provided on the housing container 50. The housing container 50 includes a water supply line 52 for supplying culture water from the aquaculture tank 1 and a reflux pipe for returning the heat exchange hot water by the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 to the culture tank 1. 53 is connected. The water supply pipe line 52 is provided with first and second water purification means 10, 11. The first water purification means 10 comprises a filter, and the second water purification means 11 carries a photocatalyst. It comprises a carrier and an ultraviolet lamp installed so as to be able to irradiate the carrier with ultraviolet rays. Any of the first and second water purification means 10 and 11 may be used alone, and instead of the second water purification means 11, only an ultraviolet lamp used for this is installed in the water supply line 52. Also good. Details of the second water purification means 11 will be described later.

  The aquaculture tank 1 is a large aquarium that swims and cultivates fish such as tuna, tuna, and scallops. It can also be used as a shrimp farming area. A temperature sensor 10 is inserted in the aquaculture tank 1, and this temperature sensor 10 is connected to a controller 101. Furthermore, on the aquaculture tank 1, an automatic feeding device 12 as shown in Patent Document 2 is installed. This automatic feeding device 12 travels on a rotating water tank drive unit that operates using the electric power obtained by the wind power generation unit 13 and the solar power generation unit 14 included in the device 12 itself as a drive source, and on the aquaculture tank 1. Drive means. Details of the automatic feeding device 12 will be described later.

  Here, the auxiliary heating means 8 and 9 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially broken front view conceptually showing an enlarged view of the vicinity of the outside air inlet 73 in the outside air introduction pipe 72. The outside air introduction pipe 72 is a large-diameter cylindrical portion 720 whose upstream side portion rises vertically from the installation portion of the suction fan 71, and an inwardly saddle-like support plate 730 is installed at the upper end thereof, and the opening of the support plate 730 is opened. The portion is an outside air intake 73. On the support plate 730, a plurality of impellers 910 constituting the wind power generation means 91 are rotatably installed. The rotating shaft 911 of each impeller 910 protrudes below the support plate 730 and is connected to a generator 912 installed on the lower surface of the support plate 730. The basic configuration of the wind power generation means 91 is the same as that described in Patent Document 2, and therefore, further description is omitted here. A support plate 80 is installed at the upper end of the wind power generation means 91, and a metal plate 8 having a small specific heat, such as aluminum, is incorporated in the center of the wind power generation means 91. The metal plate 8 constitutes a heat collection and heat dissipation means. Further, a dome-shaped lens support plate 81 is installed on the support plate 80, and a plurality of convex lenses 82 are assembled to the lens support plate 81. Each of these convex lenses 82 is set so that its optical axis is directed to the surface of the metal plate 8 and the focal point is located on the surface of the metal plate 8. Accordingly, the sunlight rays incident on these convex lenses 82 are condensed on the surface of the metal plate 8, and the metal plate 8 absorbs sunlight energy to collect heat and store heat.

  An infrared lamp as auxiliary heating means 9 is installed near the outside air inlet 73 in the cylindrical portion 720. The infrared lamp 9 is electrically connected to a storage battery 92 installed outside the cylindrical portion 720. The storage battery 92 is electrically connected to a solar panel as the solar power generation means 93 installed outside the generator 912 and the cylindrical portion 720. Therefore, the storage battery 92 stores the power obtained by the wind power generation means 91 and the solar power generation means 93, and the power stored in the storage battery 92 is used as a power source for the infrared lamp 9. An inspection opening / closing door 721 is provided on the cylinder wall of the cylinder portion 720, and maintenance such as inspection or replacement of the infrared lamp 9 and the generator 912 is possible. Although FIG. 2 shows an example in which two auxiliary heating means 8 and 9 are used together, either one may be used. Moreover, although the wind power generation means 91 and the solar power generation means 93 are used as the power source of the wind power generation means 91, either of these may be used in this case.

  Next, the second water purification means 11 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a partially broken front view conceptually showing an enlarged portion of the water supply pipe 52 where the second water purification means 11 is installed. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along section line IV-IV in FIG. In the water supply pipe 52, an ultraviolet lamp 111 is installed at the center along the axial direction, and four aluminum rods (supporting bodies) 112 are arranged around the circumference along the axial direction. It is arranged at equal intervals in the direction. Titanium oxide is supported on the peripheral surface of the aluminum rod 112 by coating a solution in which titanium oxide as a photocatalyst is dissolved. Titanium oxide has a characteristic of exhibiting a strong oxidizing action when irradiated with ultraviolet light. Therefore, the droppings of fish and fish, the remainder of food, or various bacteria contained in the aquaculture water flowing through the water supply pipe 52 are decomposed and killed by this oxidizing action. Thereby, the second water purification means 11 is constituted by the ultraviolet lamp 111 and the aluminum rod 112. In addition, since the ultraviolet light itself has a characteristic of destroying DNA of bacteria, the second water purification means 11 can be configured with only the ultraviolet lamp 111. In this case, the electric power of the ultraviolet lamp 111 may be supplied from a dedicated power source, but can also be supplied from the storage battery 92, thereby saving energy.

  Next, the automatic feeding device 12 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal front view conceptually showing the automatic feeding device 12 in an enlarged manner. This automatic feeding device 12 has the same basic configuration as that disclosed in Patent Document 2. That is, a rotary valve body 121 is provided in a lower part of the bait storage cylinder 120 as a housing so as to be rotatable around the axis of the bait storage cylinder 120, and a gear 121 a is formed around the rotary valve body 121. A motor 15 for rotationally driving the rotary valve body 121 is installed on the wall portion of the bait receiving cylinder 120, and the output gear 151 fixed to the output shaft of the motor 15 and the gear 121a of the rotary valve body 121 mesh with each other. The rotary valve body 121 rotates around the axis of the bait containing cylinder 120 by the rotation of the motor 15. The inside of the bait storage cylinder 120 is partitioned into a plurality of compartments 123 by a plurality of partition walls 122, and each compartment 123 is filled with food for seafood. The rotary valve body 121 is provided with a fan-shaped opening 121b, and the bait in the compartment 123 falls from the opening 121b due to the movement of the opening 121b accompanying the rotation of the rotary valve body 121, and is placed below the bait storage cylinder 120. It is fed to the aquaculture tank 1 through the continuous cone part 124 and the straight pipe part 125.

  A motor 16 for driving the bait storage cylinder 120 is installed on the outer wall portion of the straight pipe portion 125, and two pinion gears 161 and 161 are fixed to the output shaft of the motor 16. Two parallel racks 162 and 162 are installed on the upper edge of the tank wall of the aquaculture tank 1, and the pinion gears 161 and 161 mesh with the racks 162 and 162. The bait receiving cylinder 120 is slidably supported by a support frame (not shown) parallel to the racks 162 and 162 or the racks 162 and 162 itself, and the motor 16 rotates to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction of the 162 and 162. It is possible. Accordingly, the rotation of the rotary valve body 121 and the reciprocating movement of the bait receiving cylinder 120 enable a wide range of bait into the aquaculture tank 1. A bait inlet 126 is provided in the upper part of the bait container 120, and bait is replenished through the inlet 126.

  The wind power generation means 13 is installed at the upper end of the bait receiving cylinder 120 via upper and lower support plates 130 and 131. The wind power generation means 13 is configured in the same manner as the wind power generation means 91 employed for supplying power to the preliminary heating means 9, and therefore, the detailed description of the wind power generation means 13 is omitted. This is schematically shown in the drawing. The electric power obtained by the wind power generation means 13 is supplied to the drive power sources of the motors 15 and 16. In addition, on the support plate 130, the solar power generation means 14 is installed on a support column 140 that extends through the support plate 130 along the axis of the bait storage cylinder 120 through the support plate 131. This solar power generation means 14 is the same as that shown in Patent Document 2, and the dish-shaped reflecting mirror means 141 attached to the support pillar 140 and the support pillar 140 so as to fit in the recess of the reflecting mirror means 141. And a power generating element holding member 142 that is curved upward at the upper end of the head. A large number of photovoltaic power generation elements 143 are arranged and fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the holding member 142. The photovoltaic power generation element 143 fixed to the upper surface of the holding member 142 receives sunlight directly, and the photovoltaic power generation element 143 fixed to the lower surface of the holding member 142 receives sunlight reflected by the reflecting mirror means 141, A power generation function is achieved by the energy of the sunlight. The electric power obtained by the solar power generation means 14 is supplied to the drive power sources of the motors 15 and 16 in the same manner as the electric power obtained by the wind power generation means 13. The electric power obtained by the wind power generation means 13 and the solar power generation means 14 is stored in a capacitor (not shown), and is electrically connected to the capacitor to supply power to the motors 15 and 16.

  The operation of the water temperature control system A of the aquaculture tank 1 configured as described above will be described. In the heat collecting pipe 21 of the solar water heater 2, water (hot water) supplied by the pump 31 is warmed by receiving solar heat, introduced into the liquid-air heat exchanger 4 through the hot water circulation path 3, and liquid-air heat. It circulates in the serpentine tube 41 of the exchanger 4. The hot water that has passed through the snake pipe 41 is stored with the remaining heat stored in the heat storage tank 33 disposed in the return path of the hot water circulation path 3, and is supplied again to the solar hot water heating apparatus 2 by the pump 31, and this is repeated. When the hot water circulating through the hot water circulation path 3 decreases, water is supplied from the water replenishment tank 32.

  Outside air is introduced into the exchanger housing 40 of the liquid-air heat exchanger 4 from the outside air introduction portion 7, and heat is exchanged in contact with the surface of the serpentine tube 41 to generate warm air. An outside air introduction pipe 72 having a suction fan 71 disposed in the middle is connected to the outside air introduction section 7, and the air sucked from the outside air inlet 73 is forcibly replaced by the operation of the suction fan 71. Into the housing 40. Auxiliary heating means 8 and 9 are installed in an outside air intake 73 and an outside air introduction pipe 72 in the vicinity of the intake 73, and warm air heated by the auxiliary heating means 8 and 9 passes through the introduction pipe 72. Then, it is introduced into the exchanger housing 40. The auxiliary heating means 8 is made of a metal plate rich in heat collection and heat dissipation as described above, and the solar heat collected on the metal plate 8 by the convex lens 82 is radiated by an air flow generated by the operation of the suction fan 71. The airflow warmed by this heat radiation is sucked into the introduction pipe 72 from the outside air intake 73.

  The outside air warmed by the metal plate 8 and sucked into the introduction pipe 72 is further warmed by the action of infrared rays emitted from the infrared lamp 9 as another auxiliary heating means installed in the introduction pipe 72. Is sucked into the suction fan 71. The power source of the infrared lamp 9 includes the wind power generation means 91 and the solar panel (solar thermal power generation means) 93 as described above. In the wind power generation means 91, the rotation of the impeller 910 is promoted by the airflow generated by the operation of the suction fan 71, and the power generation is efficiently performed. The electric power obtained by the wind power generation means 91 and the solar panel 93 is stored in the battery 92.

  The auxiliary heating means 8 and 9 are positioned to supplement the liquid-air heat exchange function in the liquid-air heat exchanger 4 when the hot water generated by the solar water heater 2 does not have a sufficient temperature. It is. That is, the function of the solar water heater 2 is deteriorated at night or when the weather is bad. In such a case, if the outside air introduced into the liquid-air heat exchanger 4 is warmed in advance, the solar water heater This compensates for the reduced function of the second function. Accordingly, a temperature sensor (not shown) is provided at the upstream side of the liquid-air heat exchanger 4 in the hot water circulation path 3, and when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor falls below a predetermined temperature, the infrared lamp By turning on 9, warm air generated by the liquid-air heat exchanger 4 is always maintained at an appropriate temperature.

  The warm air generated by the liquid-gas heat exchanger 4 is introduced into the housing container 50 of the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 through the warm air introduction pipe 42. A microbubble generator 6 is connected to the tip of the warm air introduction pipe 42 and is ejected from the microbubble generator 6 into the water supplied and stored in the housing vessel 50 from the aquaculture tank 1. As a result of the warm air being ejected from the microbubble generator 6, the warm air becomes a large number of microbubbles having a diameter of several μm and floats in the water in the housing container 50. The surface area of these microbubbles is several thousand times that of ordinary bubbles, and the ascent rate in water within a depth of 3 m is extremely slow at about 0.1 mm / second. Therefore, since the contact area with water is very large and the contact time is extremely long, heat exchange from warm air to water is performed with extremely high efficiency. Further, since the microbubbles have a strong adhesive force, dust and germs floating in the water, dead bodies of germs, etc. adhere and float, and are discharged from the overflow outlet 51 together with the overflow water. Thereby, the water in the housing container 50 is purified. In particular, the purification action is extremely effective in combination with the large surface area of the microbubbles and the low ascent rate. By purifying the water in the housing container 50, the inner wall of the housing container 50 is not contaminated, and cleaning thereof is unnecessary. The heat exchange hot water thus purified is returned to the aquaculture tank 1 through the reflux pipe 53.

  First and second water purification means 10 and 11 are provided in the water supply pipe 52 from the aquaculture tank 1 to the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5. Accordingly, the seafood excrement in the aquaculture tank 1, organic matter such as the remainder of the food, or various germs are decomposed, destroyed or sterilized by the second water purification means 11 configured as described above. . Residues caused by the decomposition, destruction and sterilization, and further relatively coarse waste are captured by the first water purification means 10 including a filter installed after the second water purification means 11. As a result, the aquaculture tank 1 is supplied to the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 in a state of being purified to some extent, but dead bodies of microorganisms and fine garbage pass through the filter 10 and flow into the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5. To do. However, since the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 is attached to the microbubbles and discharged as described above, these fine wastes are not returned to the aquaculture tank 1 again.

  Furthermore, a denitrification device 20 may be provided in the water supply line 52 from the aquaculture tank 1 to the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5.

  The denitrification device 20 changes nitric acid contained in the water supplied from the aquaculture tank 1 to nitrogen gas using denitrifying bacteria.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the denitrification device 20 provided in the water temperature control system A. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the denitrification apparatus 20. The denitrification device 20 is a device for removing nitrogen present as nitric acid in the water 202 supplied from the aquaculture tank 1 through the water supply line 52, and uses denitrifying bacteria to remove nitric acid. By changing the water 202 to nitrogen gas that can be spontaneously released, nitrogen is removed with the release of nitrogen gas. Denitrifying bacteria are bacteria involved in denitrification that changes nitric acid to nitrogen gas, such as facultative anaerobic bacteria, more specifically,
Pseudomonas genus, Achromobacter genus, Micrococcus denitrificans, Thiobacillus
These bacteria include spore-forming bacteria such as denitrificans and Bacillus subtilis and friends of soil actinomycetes.

  The denitrification apparatus 20 includes a peripheral wall 205 and a bottom portion 206 that closes one end portion of the peripheral wall 205, and includes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container 221 that opens at an open end portion 222 opposite to the bottom portion 206. The container 221 may be made of a metal, a synthetic resin, or the like, and is disposed so that the bottom portion 206 is disposed in the lower portion and opened upward. In the denitrification apparatus 20, water 202 is accommodated in a container 221, a plurality of organic carbon source supply layers 203 provided with an organic carbon source made of a polysaccharide, and a carrier 225 made of a porous material having continuous pores. A plurality of bacterial habitat layers 204 are provided.

  In the present embodiment, five organic carbon source supply layers (hereinafter, when referring to a specific organic carbon source supply layer, names using “first” to “fifth” are used, and subscripts “a” to “a” are used. When using a symbol with “e” to indicate an unspecified organic carbon source supply layer, a name without “first” to “fifth” is used, and subscripts “a” to “e” are used. (Not shown) 203 is provided. In addition, four bacterial habitats (hereinafter, when referring to specific bacterial habitats, the names with “first” to “fourth” are used, and the symbols with subscripts “a” to “d” are used. , When referring to an unspecified bacterial inhabitant layer, a name without “first” to “fourth” is used, and a symbol without subscript “a” to “d” is used) 204 is provided .

  Each organic carbon source supply layer 203 and each bacterial habitat layer 204 are alternately stacked in the direction from the bottom 206 to the open end 222 of the container 221, and thus in the vertical direction, to form a stacked body. Specifically, each organic carbon source supply layer 203 and each bacterial habitat layer 204 are upwardly directed to a first organic carbon source supply layer 203a, a first bacterial habitat layer 204a, and a second organic carbon source supply layer 203b. The second bacterial habitat layer 204b, the third organic carbon source supply layer 203c, the third bacterial habitat layer 204c, the fourth organic carbon source supply layer 203d, the fourth bacterial habitat layer 204d, and the fifth organic carbon source supply layer 203e in this order. Therefore, the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer of the laminate are the first and fifth organic carbon source supply layers 203a and 203e.

  Denitrifying bacteria are attached to the carrier 225 in the bacterial habitat layer 204. Accordingly, denitrifying bacteria are attached to the surface of the carrier, and by providing such a carrier 225, the denitrifying bacteria are inhabited in the bacterial habitat layer 204. Since the carrier 225 is made of a porous material, the surface area can be increased and the habitat of denitrifying bacteria can be increased. Therefore, many denitrifying bacteria can inhabit, in other words, the denitrifying bacteria can be propagated.

  Each organic carbon source supply layer 203 is provided with an organic carbon source, a carbonate mineral, and fine sand. The organic carbon source is chitin, and the chitin is provided in a powder state. Chitin existing in nature may be used as chitin, or artificially purified chitin may be used. As the chitin, in this embodiment, for example, a powder obtained by pulverizing shells of shellfish such as salmon and shrimp is used. This chitin is an organic carbon source that is a source of carbon for denitrifying bacteria.

  The carbonate mineral is provided in a powder state. As the carbonate mineral, a carbonate mineral existing in nature may be used, or an artificially generated carbonate mineral may be used. As the carbonate mineral, for example, powder obtained by pulverizing calcium carbonate minerals such as meteorites and shell fossils can be used. In the present embodiment, for example, shell fossil powder is used. This carbonate mineral can be provided by dissolving a mineral component such as calcium in the liquid 2. In addition, the carbonate mineral helps to reform the water 202.

  Chitin-degrading bacteria that degrade chitin are attached to the fine sand. Chitin-degrading bacteria include chitinase-producing bacteria belonging to the marine psychrotrophic genus Vibrio, and these bacteria can be used. This chitin-degrading bacterium can generate chitinase to hydrolyze chitin. Any chitinase-producing bacterium may be used as long as it belongs to the marine psychrotrophic genus Vibrio and has a chitin assimilation ability, and is not particularly limited. As fine sand, sand on which chitin degrading bacteria are naturally attached may be used, or sand on which chitin degrading bacteria are artificially attached may be used. In the present embodiment, for example, sand collected from the seabed, so-called sea sand, is used as the fine sand. Chitin-degrading bacteria are naturally attached to the sand collected from the seabed.

  The chitin in the organic carbon source supply layer 203 is decomposed into glucose using the chitin-degrading bacteria that inhabit the organic carbon source supply layer 3 in such a state that it is attached to the fine sand. Thus, by decomposing chitin and producing glucose, organic carbon can be given from the glucose to denitrifying bacteria living in the bacterial habitat layer 4.

  Further, a lid 220 made of foamed polystyrene having an independent gap can be attached to the open end 222 of the container 21. When the lid 220 is attached to the open end 222, outside air is prevented from entering and exiting through the open end 222, and an environment in which anaerobic denitrifying bacteria are easy to propagate is secured in the container 221. be able to. In addition, when the lid 220 is not attached to the open end 222, outside air can enter and exit through the open end 222, and an environment in which chitin-degrading bacteria that prefer aerobic environments can easily propagate is ensured in the container 221. can do. In the present embodiment, the lid 220 may be provided on the open end 222 or may not be provided.

  A supply conduit 207 is connected to one side of the container 221 that is a part of the peripheral wall 205 through the one side. The supply line 207 is connected to the aquaculture tank 1 side of the water supply line 52 and is opened in the container 221 by the fourth bacterial habitat layer 204d and the fifth organic carbon source supply layer 203e. Further, the discharge pipe 208 is connected to the other side opposite to the one side to which the supply pipe 207 is connected through the other side. The discharge pipe 208 is connected to the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 side of the water supply pipe 52 and opens in the first bacterial habitat layer 204 a in the container 221.

  FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an organic carbon source supply body 226 provided in the organic carbon source supply layer 203. FIG. 8 shows the internal structure with a part cut away. The organic carbon source supply body 226 is configured by storing a mixed powder body 228 in a bag body 227. The bag body 227 is formed of a nonwoven fabric. Specifically, the bag body 227 may be formed by folding a sheet made of one non-woven fabric and welding the peripheral edge thereof with a heat sealer, or by stacking sheets made of two non-woven fabrics. The peripheral portion may be formed by welding with a heat sealer. In the present embodiment, a bag body 227 formed of one sheet is used.

  The mixed powder body 228 is a powder body in which chitin powder, carbonate mineral powder, and fine sand are mixed. The chitin powder is a powder having a particle size of, for example, 2 mm or less. The carbonate mineral powder is a powder having a particle size of, for example, 2 mm or less. Fine sand is sand having a particle size of, for example, about 1 mm to 3 mm. The volume mixing ratio of the mixed powder 228 is, for example, chitin powder: carbonate mineral powder: fine sand = 2: 4: 4, or chitin powder: carbonate mineral powder: fine sand = 1: 4: 5.

  The organic carbon source supply body 226 is configured to have a thickness of, for example, about 2 cm in a state where the mixed powder body 228 is accommodated in the bag body 227. By providing such an organic carbon source supply body 226, the organic carbon source supply layer 203 can be provided with chitin, carbonate mineral, and fine sand.

  FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of the carrier 225 provided in the bacterial habitat layer 204. In FIG. 9, the thickness of the linear body 230 is omitted. In this example, the carrier 225 is a portion where a plurality of linear bodies 230 made of a synthetic resin such as vinylidene chloride resin (PVDC) are curved and curled into a spring shape, and arranged close to each other. Composed by bonding or welding. In this way, the carrier 225 is formed in a porous shape having a plurality of continuous voids 231 between the linear bodies 230. As such a carrier 225, for example, Saran Lock (registered trademark) or the like can be used. The carrier 225 configured using the linear body 230 is formed to have a thickness of about 4 cm, for example.

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the carrier 225 provided in the bacterial habitat layer 204. In this example, the carrier 225 is made of a continuous void foamed synthetic resin, such as foamed urethane. Similarly to the carrier 225 shown in FIG. 9, the carrier 225 is also formed in a porous shape having a plurality of continuous voids 232. The carrier 225 configured using this foamed synthetic resin is formed to have a thickness of about 3 cm, for example.

  Each bacterial habitat 204 is provided with such a porous carrier 225. All the bacterial habitat layers 204 may be provided with the carrier 225 shown in FIG. 9, or all the bacterial habitat layers 204 may be provided with the carrier 225 shown in FIG. 10, or the carrier 225 shown in FIG. And a carrier 225 shown in FIG. 10 may be used in combination. In the present embodiment, the first, second and fourth bacterial habitat layers 204a, 204b and 204d are provided with the carrier 225 shown in FIG. 9, and the third bacterial habitat layer 204c is provided with the carrier 225 shown in FIG. Is provided.

  According to such a denitrification apparatus 20, the nitric acid in the water 202 is changed to nitrogen gas by the action of denitrifying bacteria that inhabit the container 221, and the nitrogen gas is released from the liquid. Thus, in the denitrification apparatus 20, nitrogen existing as nitric acid in the water 202 can be removed by the action of the denitrifying bacteria. Specifically, in the denitrification apparatus 20, the water 202 is supplied through the supply pipe 207, flows down in the container 221 while being temporarily accommodated in the container 221, and passes through the discharge pipe 208. Discharged. The denitrification apparatus 20 changes the nitric acid in the water 202 into nitrogen gas using denitrifying bacteria when the water 202 is temporarily stored in the container 221. Nitrogen gas is released from the water 202 at a location where the water 202 is open to the atmosphere, for example.

  In removing nitrogen using denitrifying bacteria, it is necessary to give organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria, and an organic carbon source consisting of chitin and cellulose polysaccharides is used. In this embodiment mode, chitin is provided in the water 202. Chitin is decomposed into saccharides that can be used by the denitrifying bacteria, specifically glucose, by the action of chitin-degrading bacteria that inhabit the container 221, and the decomposed saccharides are used for the denitrifying bacteria. By providing chitin in this way, organic carbon can be given to the denitrifying bacteria. In addition, chitin does not decompose in a short period of time, but gradually decomposes over a long period of time, for example over several years. Compared to a configuration in which alcohols and glucose are added, or icing sugar is added, for example, By supplying the organic carbon source once, organic carbon can be continuously supplied to the denitrifying bacteria for a long period of time. Therefore, the amount of work for supplying the organic carbon source necessary for supplying organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria can be reduced, and the repetition cycle of the work can be lengthened. Therefore, the efficiency of the operation for removing nitrogen from the liquid can be improved.

  A plurality of organic carbon source supply layers 203 and a plurality of bacterial habitat layers 204 are alternately stacked in the container 221. The carrier 225 provided in each bacterial habitat layer 204 is made of a porous material having continuous voids, allows liquid to penetrate into the inside, and has a large surface area. As a result, the denitrifying bacteria can easily adhere to the carrier 225 having a large surface area, and the denitrifying bacteria can be easily inhabited. Further, the contact area between the water 202 containing nitric acid and the denitrifying bacteria can be increased. By alternately laminating the bacterial habitat layer 204 and the organic carbon source supply layer 203, the contact area between the bacterial habitat layer 204 and the organic carbon source supply layer 203 can be increased. The distance from the organic carbon source supply layer 203 at all positions in the layer 204 can be reduced. As a result, the chitin in the organic carbon source supply layer 203 can easily give organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria in the bacterial habitat layer 204, and the organic carbon can be given to the denitrifying bacteria as uniformly as possible. Accordingly, it is possible to promote the growth of denitrifying bacteria and increase the efficiency of removing nitrogen using the denitrifying bacteria.

  Moreover, chitin is provided in the state of powder, and the contact area between chitin and water 202 can be increased. Thereby, chitin can be easily decomposed by chitin-degrading bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria can be provided so as not to be deficient in organic carbon.

  The organic carbon source supply layer 203 is provided with carbonate mineral powder in addition to chitin powder. The carbonate mineral contains, for example, a mineral component such as calcium, and the mineral component such as calcium can be dissolved in the liquid. Thus, in addition to removing nitrogen from the liquid, a mineral component can be provided. Thus, while removing nitrogen from the liquid, the mineral component is provided to help reform the water 202.

  The organic carbon source supply layer 203 is provided with fine sand in addition to chitin powder. Chitin-degrading bacteria that degrade chitin are attached to the fine sand, and the chitin can be decomposed by the chitin-degrading bacteria attached to the fine sand. In this way, with a simple configuration in which fine sand is provided together, chitin-degrading bacteria can inhabit in the container 221, and organic carbon can be given to denitrifying bacteria by decomposing chitin in the liquid.

  The mixed powder particles 228 are accommodated in a bag body 227 made of a nonwoven fabric and provided in the organic carbon source supply layer 203. As a result, the mixed granular material 228 can be prevented from flowing out from the organic carbon source supply layer 203 and from flowing out from the denitrification apparatus 20 due to fluid force and gravity accompanying the flow of the water 202. Further, when the mixed powder 228 is provided in the organic carbon source supply layer 203, or when it is removed from the organic carbon source supply layer 203, it is easier to convey compared to a state in which it is not stored in the bag body 227. be able to. Further, there is no problem that the mixed powder particles 228 must be removed at the supply destination of the water 202 discharged from the discharge pipe 208 or the like where the drain pipe 208 is clogged. Therefore, handling of the mixed granular material 228 can be facilitated and maintainability can be improved.

  In the denitrification apparatus 20, the first, second and fourth bacterial habitat layers 204a, 204b and 204d are provided with the carrier 225 shown in FIG. 9, and the third bacterial habitat layer 204c is provided with the carrier shown in FIG. 225 is provided. The carrier 225 shown in FIG. 9 is superior in water permeability since it has a higher porosity and a larger dimension of the voids than the carrier 225 shown in FIG. By providing such a carrier 225 having excellent water permeability in the first bacterial habitat layer 204a and the fourth bacterial habitat layer 204d where the supply pipe line 207 and the drain pipe line 208 are opened, the denitrification bacteria inhabit (reproduction). In such a state, it is possible to facilitate the flow of the water 202, eliminate the stagnation of the water 202 over the entire container 221, and allow the water 202 to flow down.

  Since the carrier 225 shown in FIG. 10 has a larger surface area than the carrier 225 shown in FIG. 9, it is easy to propagate denitrifying bacteria. Such a carrier 225 shown in FIG. 10 is provided in the third bacterial habitat layer 204c disposed between the first bacterial habitat layer 204a and the fourth bacterial habitat layer 204e where the supply conduit 207 and the drain conduit 208 open. As a result, regardless of the flow path of the water 202 in the container 221, the fluid 202 passes through the third bacterial habitat layer 204c where the denitrifying bacteria are highly propagated, so that the nitric acid in the water 202 is surely converted to nitrogen gas. Can be changed.

  As described above, the water temperature control system A includes the denitrification device 20, so that the water 202 of the aquaculture tank 1 in which fish and shellfish are cultivated is supplied to the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 via the denitrification device 20. It becomes warm water and is returned to the aquaculture tank 1. As a result, ammonia in the water 202 can be removed. When the seafood is cultivated in the aquaculture tank 1, ammonia is inevitably generated in the water 202 due to the excrement of the seafood, and the water 202 is fouled and the aquaculture environment in the aquaculture tank 1 deteriorates. By removing ammonia as described above, it is possible to ensure and maintain a good aquaculture environment in the aquaculture tank 1.

  FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the denitrification apparatus 20. In FIG. 11, the same parts as those in the denitrification apparatus 20 shown in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In the denitrification apparatus 20 of this example, cellulose is used as a polysaccharide which is an organic carbon source given to the denitrifying bacteria.

  In the denitrification apparatus 20 of this example, water 202 is contained in a container 221, and an organic carbon source supply layer 241 in which cellulose is provided as an organic carbon source, and a carbonic acid carbonate downstream of the organic carbon source supply layer 241. A plurality of mineral supply layers 240 containing salt minerals and fine sand and a plurality of bacterial habitat layers 204 provided with a carrier 225 made of a porous material with continuous voids are provided.

  Here, one organic carbon source supply layer 241 and five mineral supply layers (hereinafter, when referring to a specific mineral supply layer, the names with “first” to “fifth” are used, and the subscript “ When using a symbol with “a” to “e” to indicate an unspecified mineral supply layer, a name without “first” to “fifth” is used, and subscripts “a” to “e” are used. 240 and four bacterial habitats (hereinafter, when referring to specific bacterial habitats, the names with “first” to “fourth” are used, and the suffix “a” is used. When using a symbol with “d” to indicate an unspecified bacterial habitat, names without “first” to “fourth” are used, and suffixes “a” to “d” are added. 204 is used).

  The mineral supply layers 240 and the bacterial habitat layers 204 are alternately stacked in the direction from the bottom 206 of the container 221 toward the open end 222, and thus in the vertical direction. Specifically, each mineral supply layer 240 and each bacterial habitat layer 4 are directed upward from the first mineral supply layer 240a, the first bacterial habitat layer 204a, the second mineral supply layer 240b, and the second bacterial habitat layer. 204b, the third mineral supply layer 240c, the third bacterial habitat layer 204c, the fourth mineral supply layer 240d, and the fourth bacterial habitat layer 204d are laminated in this order. An organic carbon source supply layer 241 is stacked above the fourth bacterial habitat layer 204d, and a fifth mineral supply layer 240e is stacked above the organic carbon source supply layer 241.

Each mineral supply layer 240 is provided with carbonate mineral and fine sand. Cellulose-degrading bacteria that degrade cellulose are attached to the fine sand. Cellulolytic bacteria include cellulase-producing bacteria belonging to the genus Pseudomonas, Cellvibrio, and Cytopghaga as aerobic cellulose-degrading bacteria, and the genus Clostridium as anaerobic cellulose-degrading bacteria. These bacteria can be used. This cellulolytic bacterium can produce cellulase to hydrolyze cellulose. As cellulase-producing bacteria,
Any microorganism may be used as long as it belongs to the genus Pseudomonas, Cellvibrio, Cytopghaga, Clostridium, etc., and has the ability to assimilate cellulose, and is not particularly limited. Either aerobic cellulolytic bacteria or anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria may be used. As fine sand, sand to which cellulolytic bacteria are naturally attached may be used, or sand to which cellulolytic bacteria are artificially attached may be used. In the present embodiment, for example, sand collected from the seabed, so-called sea sand, is used as the fine sand. Cellulolytic bacteria naturally adhere to the sand collected from the seabed.

  The cellulose in the organic carbon source supply layer 241 is decomposed into glucose by using the cellulose-degrading bacteria that inhabit the mineral supply layer 240 in a state of being attached to the fine sand. Thus, by decomposing cellulose and producing glucose, organic carbon can be given from this glucose to denitrifying bacteria that live in the bacterial habitat layer 4.

  A lid body 220 made of foamed polystyrene having an independent gap can be attached to the open end 222 of the container 221. When the lid 220 is attached to the open end 222, outside air is prevented from entering and exiting through the open end 222, and an environment in which anaerobic denitrifying bacteria and anaerobic cellulose-degrading bacteria are easy to propagate, It can be secured in the container 221. In addition, when the lid 220 is not attached to the open end 222, outside air can enter and exit through the open end 222, and an environment in which the cellulolytic bacteria that favor aerobic environment can easily propagate is ensured in the container 221. can do. Accordingly, when the lid 220 is not attached, the organic carbon source supply layer 241 is placed in a place where outside air easily enters and exits, specifically, above the fourth bacterial habitat layer 204d. Can be decomposed into saccharides that can be used by denitrifying bacteria, specifically glucose. The decomposed saccharide is used for denitrifying bacteria. By providing cellulose in this way, organic carbon can be given to the denitrifying bacteria.

  A supply conduit 207 is connected to one side of the container 221 that is a part of the peripheral wall 205 through the one side. The supply pipeline 207 is opened in the container 221 by the fourth bacterial habitat layer 204d, the organic carbon source supply layer 241 and the fifth mineral supply layer 240e. Further, a discharge pipe 208 is connected to the other side opposite to the one side to which the supply pipe 207 is connected through the other side. The discharge conduit 208 is opened in the first bacterial habitat layer 204 a in the container 221.

  According to such a denitrification apparatus 20, the nitric acid in the water 202 is changed to nitrogen gas by the action of denitrifying bacteria that inhabit the container 221, and the nitrogen gas is released from the liquid.

  In removing nitrogen using denitrifying bacteria, it is necessary to give organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria, and cellulose is provided in the water 202. Cellulose is decomposed into saccharides that can be used by the denitrifying bacteria, specifically glucose, by the action of cellulose-degrading bacteria that inhabit the container 221, and the decomposed saccharides are used for the denitrifying bacteria. By providing cellulose in this way, organic carbon can be given to the denitrifying bacteria. Furthermore, cellulose does not decompose in a short period of time, but gradually decomposes over a long period of time, for example, over several years. Therefore, for example, compared with a configuration in which alcohols and glucose are added or icing sugar is added, By supplying the organic carbon source once, organic carbon can be continuously supplied to the denitrifying bacteria for a long period of time. Therefore, the amount of work for supplying the organic carbon source necessary for supplying organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria can be reduced, and the repetition cycle of the work can be lengthened. Therefore, the efficiency of the operation for removing nitrogen from the liquid can be improved.

  Cellulose is provided by stacking a plurality of sheets made of cellulose fibers such as filter paper and Japanese paper. Further, it may be provided as a cellulose fiber lump such as absorbent cotton instead of the sheet. Therefore, since it is provided above the fourth bacterial habitat layer 204d in the form of a cellulose fiber sheet or a cellulose fiber lump, the contact area between cellulose and water 202 can be increased. As a result, the cellulose can be easily decomposed by the cellulose-degrading bacteria in the water 202, and the denitrifying bacteria can be provided with a shortage of organic carbon. Cellulose fiber sheets and cellulose fibers such as absorbent cotton can be visually recognized in appearance, so they can be supplied before the cellulose is depleted. You can continue to give organic carbon to denitrifying bacteria.

  The mineral supply layer 241 is provided with fine sand. Cellulose-degrading bacteria that decompose cellulose are attached to the fine sand, and cellulose can be decomposed by the cellulolytic bacteria adhering to the fine sand. In this way, with a simple configuration in which fine sand is added together, cellulose-decomposing bacteria can live in the container 221 and cellulose in the liquid can be decomposed to give denitrifying bacteria organic carbon.

  Although the denitrification apparatus 20 has been described as described above, this is merely an example, and the configuration can be changed. For example, both chitin and cellulose may be used together as a polysaccharide that is a material of an organic carbon source for denitrifying bacteria. When cellulose is used as the polysaccharide, the cellulose may not be used as a sheet made of cellulose fibers, and may be provided in a fiber lump state such as powder or absorbent cotton. In this case, the bag body 227 may be provided. Furthermore, an organic carbon source supply layer 241 may be stacked above each bacterial habitat layer 204.

  As described above, the aquaculture tank 1 is appropriately supplied with the heat exchanged hot water that is constantly purified and circulated, so that the water in the aquaculture tank 1 is always at an appropriate temperature. In addition, the amount of dissolved oxygen is large due to the action of microbubbles and is maintained in a state suitable for the growth of seafood. Then, food is appropriately fed from the automatic feeding device 12 into the aquaculture tank 1, and fishery can be cultivated extremely energy-saving and efficiently. The aquaculture tank 1 is configured such that warm air is directly supplied from the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 through the supply air line 43, and the aquaculture tank is also supplied by the warm air supplied from the supply air line 43. A decrease in the temperature of the water in 1 is suppressed. Moreover, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water in the aquaculture tank 1 can be increased by supplying warm air directly. A temperature sensor 10 is inserted in the water in the aquaculture tank 1, and the controller 101 controls the auxiliary heating means 8 and 9 based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 10, The water temperature can be appropriately maintained according to environmental changes such as summer or winter.

  In addition, the auxiliary | assistant heating means 8 and 9 and the automatic feeding apparatus 12 are not limited to the thing of embodiment. Further, the water in the aquaculture tank 1 is supplied to the gas-liquid via the water supply line 52 and the reflux pipe 53 by the action of warm air jetted by the microbubble generator 6 installed in the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5. Although it circulates between the heat exchangers 5, a pump for promoting circulation may be disposed in the water supply pipe 52 and the reflux pipe 53. Furthermore, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted in the aquaculture tank 1, it cannot be overemphasized that the water supply means should be provided.

  FIG. 12 is an overall system diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the above-described embodiment, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that in this embodiment, not only the air heat exchanger 4 but also the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a is provided, and the temperature is raised by solar heat from the heat collecting pipe 21 of the solar water heater 2, for example, 70 to Hot water at a high temperature of 80 ° C. is supplied from the pipe 3a of the hot water circulation path 3 to the serpentine pipe 41a for indirect heat exchange of the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a through the pipe 3d, and further through the pipe 3e to the hot water circulation path 3 Then, the hot water is circulated by the circulation pump 31. The hot water from the pipe line 3a is also supplied from the pipe line 3b to the serpentine pipe 41 of the air heat exchanger 4 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, and the air that is the outside air is indirectly heat-exchanged, It joins the hot water circulation path 3 and is guided to the heat storage tank 33. First and second electromagnetic on-off valves V1 and V2 are interposed in the pipe lines 3d and 3b, respectively.

  The microbubble generator 6 a includes a gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 and a microbubble generator 6. The aquaculture water from the housing container 50 which is the gas-liquid heat exchanger 5 of the microbubble generating means 6a is pumped by the pump 31a from the conduit 53a, supplied to the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a, and passes through the serpentine tube 41a. Countercurrent indirect heat exchange with hot water. The aquaculture water heated by the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4 a is supplied from the pipe line 53 to the aquaculture tank 1. The aquaculture water is circulated from the water tank 1 through the pipe 52 through the denitrification device 20 and the water purification means 11 and 10 to the container 50 in this order. The pipe 52 is provided with temperature detection means 401 for detecting the temperature of the aquaculture water from the water tank 1.

  FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the embodiment shown in FIG. A signal representing the detected temperature T of the aquaculture water from the temperature detection means 401 is given to a processing circuit 402 realized by a microcomputer. A memory 403 is connected to the processing circuit 402. The processing circuit 402 turns on and opens the first and second on-off valves V1 and V2, and closes them off.

  14 to 16 are flowcharts for explaining the operation of the processing circuit 402. When the power is turned on, the processing circuit 402 shifts from step s1 to step s2 in FIG. 14 and receives a signal representing the temperature T of the aquaculture water detected by the temperature detecting means 401.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an operation for explaining the embodiment shown in FIGS. FIG. 17 (1) shows the detection temperature T of the aquaculture water detected by the temperature detection means 401. FIG. 17 (2) is a diagram showing the opening / closing operation of the first opening / closing valve V1 when the environment such as winter is low temperature, for example, and FIG. 17 (3) is in the first operation mode of FIG. 17 (2). It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the 2nd on-off valve V2. FIG. 17 (4) is a diagram for explaining the operation of the first on-off valve V1 in the second operation mode when the environmental temperature such as summer is high, and FIG. 17 (5) is a diagram of FIG. 17 (4). It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the 2nd on-off valve V2 in a 2nd operation mode.

  Referring to FIG. 14 again, in step s3, the processing circuit 402 determines whether or not the detected temperature T is lower than a predetermined temperature T2, and if so, the process proceeds to step s4 and the timer provided in the processing circuit 402 The timing operation for the limited time W1 is started from time t1 in FIG. In step s5, the value T (0) of the detected temperature T at time t1 when the timer starts the time measuring operation is detected. In the next step s6, the first and second on-off valves V1 and V2 are opened. Thereby, in the heat exchangers 4 and 4a, heating of air and culture water is performed. Limited time W1 may be, for example, 30 minutes.

  When it is determined in step s7 that the limited time W1 of the timer has elapsed, in step s8, the detected temperature T (W1) at that time t2 is detected.

  If the detected temperature T when the power is turned on in step s3 is equal to or higher than the set temperature T2, an error is determined in step s9, and the series of operations is terminated in step s10. The predetermined temperature T2 may be, for example, 25 ° C., and the lower temperature T1 may be, for example, 23 ° C. (T1 <T2). When the power is turned on, the aquaculture water in the aquarium 1 has a temperature Ts depending on, for example, a winter or summer environment. This temperature Ts may be 3 ° C. to 8 ° C., for example, or 18 to 20 ° C.

Referring to FIG. 15, the process proceeds from step s8 of FIG. 14 to step s11, and the time change rate α of the temperature rise of the detected temperature T is calculated.
α = {T (W1) −T (0)} / W1 (1)

  In step s12, it is determined whether or not the time change rate α obtained by the above equation 1 is less than a predetermined value α1, and if so, as indicated by a solid line in FIG. 17 (1) such as winter. In step s13, it is determined that the condition is the first case, and the condition is stored in the memory 403, and the first operation mode corresponding to α <α1 is executed in step s14. The first operation mode is an operation in which the first and second on-off valves V1, V2 are both turned on / off to open / close.

  If the time change rate α obtained by calculation in step s12 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value α1 (α1 ≦ α), it is as indicated by the phantom line in FIG. 17 (1) such as summer. It is determined that the condition is the case of 2 and stored in the memory 403. Under this second condition, as the second operation mode, the first on-off valve V1 is turned off and closed, and the second on-off valve V2 is turned on and off to open and close. The operations in steps s2 to s15 in FIGS. 14 to 15 are performed immediately after times t1 to t2 in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 16, the process proceeds from step s14 to step s17 in FIG. 15 described above, and the temperature T detected by the temperature detecting means 401 is changed in advance by opening the first and second on-off valves V1 and V2. It is determined whether or not the temperature has risen to a predetermined temperature T2 or more (T2 ≦ T). If so, the process proceeds to step s18, and both the first and second on-off valves V1, V2 are closed. As a result, the temperature of the water in the water tank 1 starts to decrease due to heat dissipation.

  In step s19, it is determined whether or not the detected temperature T is lower than a predetermined temperature T1, and if so, in step s20, the first or second condition is stored in the memory 403 in step s13 or s15 described above. It is judged whether it is done. If the first condition is set, the first and second on-off valves V1, V2, which are the first operation mode, are opened in step s21, and the culture water is heated under the condition that the environmental temperature in winter is low. The temperature is raised. In this way, when the temperature of the aquaculture water reaches the predetermined temperature T2 in the first operation mode, step s18 is executed at time t3 in FIG. 17, and thereafter, when the temperature drops to the predetermined temperature T1, step s21 is executed at time t4. Will be.

  If it is determined in step s20 that the first condition is not stored in the memory 403 and the second condition is stored in the next step s22, the second operation mode is executed in the next step s23. Thus, the first on-off valve V1 remains closed, the second on-off valve V2 is opened, and thus the temperature rises due to the microbubbles under the high summer environmental temperature. In this way, at time t11 when the detected temperature T of the aquaculture water reaches the temperature T2 that is predetermined in step s17 in the second operation mode, the operation of step s18 is performed, and then the temperature is decreased to the predetermined temperature T1. At time t2, the operation of step s23 is performed.

  After execution of steps s21 and s23, the process returns to step s17 again, and such an operation is repeated. If it is determined in step s22 that the first and second conditions are not satisfied, the process proceeds to step s9 in FIG. 14 to perform error processing.

  In the embodiment of FIGS. 12 to 17, the heat of the hot water from the solar water heating device 2 is heated by the two heat exchangers 4 and 4 a using the air for the microbubbles, In addition to being able to efficiently use solar heat, in the winter and the like, the culture water is heated in a short time by these two heat exchangers 4 and 4a in the first operation mode, and the temperature of the culture water is set at predetermined temperatures T1 and T2. It is easy to keep it almost constant and stable. Also, in the condition of high summer environmental temperature, the second operation mode is set, the culture water is kept in the heat exchanger 4a, the air is operated only in the heat exchanger 4, and the temperature of the culture water 1 is set as described above. In this case, the heat of the hot water from the solar water heater 2 can be used for other purposes.

  When the first and second on-off valves V1 and V2 are closed, the pump 31 may be stopped, but it may continue to be operated so that the hot water can be used for other purposes.

  FIG. 18 is an overall system diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is similar to the above-described embodiment, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the air heat exchanger 4 and the second on-off valve V2 in FIG. 12 are omitted, and the air from the suction fan 71 is supplied to the pipelines 42 and 43. Also in this embodiment, in the culture water heat exchanger 4a, countercurrent indirect heat exchange is performed in the water integrated pipe of the warm water and the culture water, and the thermal efficiency is improved as compared with the embodiment of FIGS. Is done.

  The electrical configuration in the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 is the same as that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, and the second on-off valve V2 is not used. 12 to 18, air is selectively supplied to the pipe line 43 by the third on-off valve V3.

  FIG. 19 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the processing circuit 402 in the embodiment of FIG. 18, and FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIGS.

  When the processing circuit 402 is turned on and the process proceeds from step r1 to step r2, the temperature detecting means 401 detects the temperature T of the aquaculture water. If the detected temperature T is lower than the predetermined temperature T2, the next step Move to r4 and open the on-off valve V1. As a result, the temperature of the aquaculture water by the pump 31a that is always operating is raised by the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a, and the temperature T of the aquaculture water in the aquarium 1 rises.

  FIG. 20 (1) is a diagram showing the temperature of the aquaculture water detected by the temperature detection means 401, and FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the on-off valve V1. At time t21, the on-off valve V1 is opened at the aforementioned step r4, and the temperature T of the aquaculture water increases accordingly.

  When the detected temperature T rises to a predetermined temperature T2 in step r5 (T2 ≦ T), in the next step r6, the on-off valve V1 is closed at time t22. As a result, the temperature T of the aquaculture water decreases due to heat dissipation. In step r7, when the temperature falls to a predetermined temperature T1 (T <T1), at time t23, the on-off valve V1 is turned on at step r8, the temperature of the aquaculture water rises again, returns to step r5, and reaches T2 at time t24. Reach. Thus, the operations from step r5 to step r8 are repeated.

  If the detected temperature T is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature T2 in step r3, error processing is performed in step r10, and a series of operations are terminated in step r10.

  FIG. 21 is a partial system diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, instead of the above-described microbubble generating means 6a shown in FIGS. 1 to 20, a configuration in the vicinity of the microbubble generating means 6b according to another concept of the present invention is shown. The aquaculture water in the aquarium 1 is provided with a suction pump 411 that sucks and raises the aquaculture water. The aquaculture water from the pump 411 is pumped from the pipe 412 to the aeration unit 413. Air that has been heated by the air heat exchanger 4 is pressure-fed from the pipe line 42 to the air mixing unit 413. The air mixing part 413 is gas-liquid mixed fluid in a state where air is mixed in the aquaculture water, and is pumped from the conduit 414 to the microbubble generator 6c of the microbubble generating means 6b. The microbubble generator 6c is immersed in the container 50 in which the aquaculture water is stored. The aeration unit 413 may be realized by, for example, a configuration of an ejector or an injector in which the aquaculture water from the pump 411 is sucked at a negative pressure by air injected from the nozzle of the pipe line 42 into the casing.

  FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the microbubble generator 6c. The microbubble generator 6c includes a casing 418 having a hollow portion 417 having a symmetrical shape with a diameter reduced toward both the left and right in FIG. 22 of a rotationally symmetric axis 416 formed in a rotationally symmetrical manner. A gas-liquid mixed fluid introduction hole 419 opened in a tangential direction to the peripheral wall portion of the casing 418 is provided at the center of the rotational symmetry axis 416 in FIG. 22 in the left-right direction. Bubble ejection holes 421 and 422 are opened and formed in the reduced diameter portion of the hollow portion 417. Microbubble ejection holes 421 and 422 are formed in accordance with the position of the negative pressure shaft 416 by the swirling flows 423 and 424 of the gas-liquid mixed fluid flowing into the casing 418 from the introduction hole 419. Centrifugal force acts on the liquid of the gas-liquid mixed fluid from the introduction hole 419, centripetal force acts on the gas, a negative pressure axis is formed on the central axis 416, and the liquid near the microbubble ejection holes 421 and 422 has external The force that the liquid of the liquid enters the microbubble ejection holes 421 and 422 acts, and the gas collected on the negative pressure shaft 416 is compressed by the gas-liquid mixed fluid and the negative pressure liquid rotating. It passes as a gas and becomes a liquid containing a large amount of microbubbles, and is ejected from the microbubble ejection holes 421 and 422 into the liquid in the container 50, so that a large amount of microbubbles is generated.

  FIG. 23 is a system diagram showing the overall configuration of the above-described embodiment shown in FIGS. 21 and 22. The embodiment shown in FIGS. 21 to 23 is similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 to 17 described above, and is provided with an air heat exchanger 4 and an aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a. For the 6d microbubble generator 6c, the aeration unit 413 and the suction pump 411 associated therewith are provided. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment shown in FIGS.

  In the present invention, the microbubble may be a fine bubble having a diameter of 50 μm or less, or may be a smaller nanobubble, and the nanobubble has a diameter of 100 to 200 nm. In another embodiment of the present invention, a fluid containing bubbles having a diameter larger than that of the microbubbles may be generated from the microbubble generating means 6, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d.

It is a notional block diagram which shows the water temperature control system A of the aquaculture tank 1 of one form of this invention. FIG. 3 is a partially broken front view conceptually showing an enlarged view of the vicinity of an outside air inlet 73 in an outside air introduction pipe 72. It is a partially broken front view which expands and conceptually shows the part in which the 2nd water purification means 11 in the water supply pipe line 52 was installed. It is sectional drawing seen from the cut surface line IV-IV in FIG. It is a vertical front view which expands and shows the automatic feeding apparatus 12 notionally. It is sectional drawing which shows the denitrification apparatus 20 with which the water temperature control system A is equipped. 2 is a perspective view showing a denitrification device 20. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an organic carbon source supply body 226 provided in an organic carbon source supply layer 203. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the support | carrier 225 provided in the bacteria habitat layer 204. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the support | carrier 225 provided in the bacteria habitat layer 204. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the denitrification apparatus 20. FIG. It is the whole system | schematic diagram of other form of implementation of this invention. FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a processing circuit 402. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a processing circuit 402. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a processing circuit 402. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement for demonstrating embodiment shown by FIGS. It is the whole system | schematic diagram of other form of implementation of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of the processing circuit 402 in embodiment of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement in embodiment shown by FIG. 18 and FIG.

It is a one part systematic diagram of other form of implementation of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the microbubble generator 6c. It is a systematic diagram which shows the whole structure of embodiment shown by FIG. 21 and FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Aquaculture tank 2 Solar water heater 3 Hot water circuit 4 Liquid-air heat exchanger 4a Culture water heat exchanger 5 Air-liquid heat exchanger 6 Micro bubble generator 6a, 6b Micro bubble generating means 7 Introduction part of outside air DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 8 Auxiliary heating means 9 Auxiliary heating means 10 Water purification means 11 Water purification means 12 Automatic feeding device 13 Wind power generation means 14 Solar power generation means 20 Denitrification equipment 43 Air supply line 51 Overflow outlet 52 Water supply line 73 Intake of outside air A Water temperature control system for aquaculture tanks

Claims (21)

A water temperature control system for aquaculture tanks for seafood, etc.
A solar water heater,
A hot water circuit for circulating hot water generated by the solar water heater,
A liquid-air heat exchanger that is arranged in the middle of the hot water circulation path and generates heat by exchanging heat with the introduced outside air;
Air-liquid heat exchange in which warm air generated by the liquid-air heat exchanger is introduced and heat is exchanged with water supplied from the aquaculture tank to form hot water, and the heat exchange warm water is returned to the aquaculture tank. Including
A microbubble generator is installed in the gas-liquid heat exchanger, and the warm air is microbubbled by the microbubble generator and is configured to come into contact with water supplied from the aquaculture tank. Water temperature control system for aquaculture tanks characterized by   The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 1, wherein an overflow discharge port is provided in an upper part of the gas-liquid heat exchanger.   The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an air supply line for supplying warm air directly from the liquid-air heat exchanger to the aquaculture tank.   The water tank for supplying water from the aquaculture tank to the gas-liquid heat exchanger is provided with water purification means, wherein the aquaculture tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is provided. Water temperature control system.   The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 4, wherein the water purification means comprises a filter.   5. The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 4, wherein the water purification means comprises an ultraviolet germicidal lamp.   5. The water temperature control of an aquaculture tank according to claim 4, wherein the water purification means comprises a carrier carrying a photocatalyst and an ultraviolet lamp installed to irradiate the carrier with ultraviolet rays. system.   8. An introduction pipe for introducing outside air heated by auxiliary heating means is connected to the outside air introduction portion to the liquid-air heat exchanger. The water temperature control system for the aquaculture tank described in 1.   9. The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 8, wherein the auxiliary heating means comprises solar heat collecting and heat radiating means installed at an outside air inlet of the introduction pipe.   The auxiliary heating means is an infrared lamp that is installed in the introduction pipe and emits light using as a power source at least wind power generation means or solar power generation means installed in the outside air inlet of the introduction pipe. The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 8 or 9.   An automatic feeding device that operates using electric power obtained by wind power generation means and solar power generation means as a drive source is installed on the aquaculture tank. The water temperature control system for the aquaculture tank described in 1.   A denitrification device for changing nitric acid contained in water supplied from the aquaculture tank to nitrogen gas using denitrifying bacteria in a water supply line from the aquaculture tank to the gas-liquid heat exchanger The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water temperature control system is provided. The denitrification device is
In order to give organic carbon to denitrifying bacteria, a plurality of organic carbon source supply layers containing polysaccharides that are organic carbon sources in the liquid, and the denitrifying bacteria inhabit the voids of the carrier made of continuous porous material. And several bacterial habitats that are stacked alternately,
Each organic carbon source supply layer
The polysaccharide is chitin,
Powdered chitin, carbonate mineral powder given by dissolving mineral components in a liquid, and fine sand with bacteria that decompose chitin into glucose are housed in a non-woven bag. The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 12. The denitrification device is
(A) a rectangular parallelepiped container 221 opened upward;
(B) a laminate,
A plurality of organic carbon source supply layers 203a to 203e and a plurality of bacterial habitat layers 204a to 204d alternately stacked from the bottom 206 of the container 221 upward;
Among these laminated organic carbon source supply layers 203a to 203e and bacterial habitat layers 204a to 204d, the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer are organic carbon source supply layers 203a and 203e,
Each organic carbon source supply layer 203a-203e is
In order to give organic carbon to denitrifying bacteria, the liquid contains a polysaccharide which is an organic carbon source, which is chitin,
Powdered chitin, carbon salt mineral powder that dissolves mineral components in a liquid, and fine sand to which bacteria that decompose chitin into glucose are housed and provided in a bag made of nonwoven fabric,
Each bacterial habitat 204a-204d
A structure in which denitrifying bacteria live in the voids of the carrier 225 made of a porous material having continuous voids;
A lowermost bacterial habitat layer 204a provided on the lowermost organic carbon source supply layer 203a, and an uppermost bacterial habitat layer 204d provided on the uppermost organic carbon source supply layer 203e; The porosity of the first carrier (225, FIG. 9) is higher than the porosity of the second carrier (225, FIG. 10) of the remaining bacterial habitat 204c, and
The second carrier (225, FIG. 10) has a larger surface area than the first carrier (225, FIG. 9), and
(C) Provided on one side of the container 221 and opens to the uppermost organic carbon source supply layer 203e and the uppermost bacterial habitat layer 204d to supply a liquid containing nitric acid to be denitrified A supply line 207;
(D) A discharge pipe that is provided on the other side opposite to the one side of the container 221 and opens to the lowest bacterial habitat layer 204a and discharges the liquid flowing down in the container 221 containing the laminate. The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 12, comprising a path 208. The volume mixing ratio in the organic carbon source supply layer is
Chitin powder: Carbonate mineral powder: Fine sand = 1-2: 4: 4-5
The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that: The denitrification device is
In the denitrification device that converts the nitric acid in the liquid containing nitric acid into nitrogen gas using denitrifying bacteria,
In order to give organic carbon to the denitrifying bacteria, it has an organic carbon source supply layer in which cellulose that is an organic carbon source is contained in the liquid,
Downstream of the organic carbon source supply layer, a plurality of mineral supply layers and a plurality of bacterial habitat layers are alternately stacked and arranged,
Each mineral supply layer has carbonate mineral powder given by dissolving mineral components in a liquid, and fine sand to which bacteria that decompose cellulose into glucose are attached,
13. The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 12, wherein each bacterial habitat has a structure in which denitrifying bacteria live in the voids of a carrier made of a porous material having continuous voids. A control system for water temperature in an aquaculture tank 1 for seafood,
A solar water heater 2 for heating water by solar heat;
Hot water circulation paths 3, 3 a, 3 d, 3 e for circulating hot water generated by the solar water heater 2,
An aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a that is disposed in the middle of the warm water circulation path 3, 3a, 3d, 3e and indirectly exchanges heat between the warm water and the water for the aquaculture tank 1;
Microbubble generating means 6a for generating microbubbles with air and water from the aquaculture tank 1,
The water in which microbubbles are generated from the microbubble generating means 6a is guided to the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a, and the water heated by the warm water from the aquaculture water heat exchanger 4a is supplied to the aquaculture tank 1. A water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank, comprising water supply pipes 52, 53a, 53 for guiding water from the aquaculture tank 1 to the microbubble generating means 6a and circulating the water in the aquaculture tank 1 . It further includes an air heat exchanger 4 that is disposed in the middle of the hot water circulation paths 3, 3a to 3e and heats the air that is outside air with the hot water to exchange heat.
18. The water temperature system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 17, wherein the microbubble generating means 6a generates microbubbles by the heated air supplied from the air heat exchanger 4. Means 401 for detecting the temperature of the water in the aquaculture tank 1;
A first on-off valve V1 for opening and closing a flow path of the hot water flowing from the solar water heating apparatus 2 to the culture water heat exchanger 4a in the hot water circulation paths 3, 3a to 3e;
A second on-off valve V2 for opening and closing a flow path of the hot water flowing from the solar water heater 2 to the heat exchanger 4 for air in the hot water circulation paths 3, 3a to 3e;
Control means 402,
Responding to the output from the water temperature detecting means 401,
First and second temperatures T1, T2 are preset (where T1 <T2),
When the detected temperature T is lower than the second temperature T2, the first and second on-off valves V1, V2 are opened,
Thus, by opening the first and second on-off valves V1, V2, the time change rate α of the temperature rise of the detected temperature T is calculated,
In the first case where the calculated time rate of change α of temperature rise is less than a predetermined value α1 (α <α1), the first and second on-off valves V1, V2 are set to the first operation mode.
In the second case where the calculated time rate of change α of temperature rise is equal to or greater than a predetermined value α1 (α1 ≦ α), the first on-off valve V1 is closed and the second on-off valve V2 is opened, and the second operation mode is set.
Thereafter, when the detected temperature T rises above the second temperature T2, the first and second on-off valves V1, V2 are closed,
And a control means 402 for setting the first operation mode in the first case and the second operation mode in the second case when the detected temperature T falls below the first temperature T1. 19. The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 18. A suction pump 411 for supplying water from the aquaculture tank 1;
An aeration unit 413 that mixes water from the suction pump 411 and heated air from the air heat exchanger 4 to derive a gas-liquid mixed fluid;
The water temperature control system for an aquaculture tank according to claim 18, wherein the gas-liquid mixed fluid from the aeration unit 413 is guided to the microbubble generating means 6b to generate microbubbles. The microbubble generating means 6b has a housing 418,
The housing 418
A hollow portion 417 that is formed in a rotationally symmetric manner and has a diameter reduced toward both axial directions of the rotationally symmetric axis 416;
A gas-liquid introduction hole 419 is opened in a tangential direction in the peripheral wall portion of the housing 418,
Microbubble ejection holes 421 and 422 are opened in both directions of the rotationally symmetric axis 416 in the reduced diameter portion of the hollow portion of the housing 418,
21. The aquaculture device according to claim 20, wherein the microbubble ejection holes 421 and 422 are formed to coincide with a position of a negative pressure axis formed by a swirling flow of the gas-liquid mixed fluid flowing into the housing 418. Aquarium water temperature control system.