JP2010047220A - Parking assist device and parking assist method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the number of turning back times of a steering wheel in a backward parallel parking to a parking frame. <P>SOLUTION: Based on vehicle parameters, parking frame width W, and a distance L to an obstacle, a turning-back range is calculated which indicates an area where a vehicle can enter the inside of a target parking frame with one time turning back of the steering wheel. Then, a presentation image is created by superimposing the turning-back range on a picked-up image of the periphery of the vehicle. The created presentation image is displayed on a monitor 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a parking assistance device and method for supporting backward parallel parking in a parking frame.

  Conventionally, a method for assisting a driver in driving operation is known. In particular, for a driver who is unfamiliar with driving, operation support is effective in a scene where the vehicle is parked in parallel in the parking frame by reverse driving.

For example, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a parking method using a pivot area as a method of reverse parallel parking in a narrow place. In this parking method, a semicircle (for example, a radius of 50 cm) of a predetermined distance is imaged as a pivot area at the end of the frame of the parking frame corresponding to the inside of the turn. Then, in the pivot area, the turning is repeated so that the rear wheel of the vehicle corresponding to the inside of the turn does not protrude, and the same operation is repeated until the vehicle enters the parking frame. Finally, the vehicle is moved backward to enter the parking frame.
“Honda ｜ Safety Driving Promotion Activities Driving Advice (Four Wheel Vehicles) / Inside Garage” [online], Honda Motor Co., Ltd. [searched July 30, 2008], Internet <URL: http: // www. honda.co.jp/safetyinfo/kyt/master/master04.html>

  However, according to the method disclosed in Patent Document 1, the vehicle is moved forward or backward in the pivot area to perform turn-over, so that there is an inconvenience that the number of turn-backs increases.

  This invention is made | formed in view of this situation, The objective provides the technique of the parking assistance which can suppress the frequency | count of return.

  In order to solve such a problem, the present invention is based on the turning trajectory of the vehicle rear wheel and the vehicle front end corresponding to the minimum turning radius of the vehicle, the parking frame width, and the obstacle distance, into the target parking frame. A cut-back area indicating an area that can be entered with a single turn-back is calculated. Then, a turning area is superimposed and displayed on a captured image obtained by capturing the periphery of the vehicle.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to grasp an area that can enter the target parking frame with one turn without interfering with an obstacle from the turn-over area that is superimposed and displayed on the captured image. Therefore, it becomes possible to suppress the number of times of turning back and parking can be performed easily.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing a parking assistance apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The parking assistance device is a device that supports backward parallel parking in a parking frame. In this embodiment, the parking assistance apparatus is mainly configured by a plurality of cameras 1, a parking assistance switch 2, a monitor 3, and a control unit 10. The plurality of cameras 1, the parking assist switch 2, and the monitor 3 are connected to the control unit 10.

  Cameras (imaging means) 1 are installed at a plurality of locations around the vehicle, for example, at four locations, front, rear, left and right. Each camera 1 images the surroundings of the vehicle, for example, a road surface in a range of about 5 m from the own vehicle, and outputs the captured image to the control unit 10.

  The parking assistance switch 2 is installed on the instrument panel or the steering handle. The parking assistance switch 2 outputs a signal instructing the start / end of the parking assistance operation to the control unit 10 when operated by the occupant. Moreover, the parking assistance switch 2 sets the parking frame which parks a vehicle with respect to the control unit 10 as a target parking frame by being operated by the passenger | crew.

  The monitor (display means) 3 is installed on the instrument panel in the passenger compartment, and displays information for parking assistance by the output from the control unit 10. As the monitor 3, a known display device such as a liquid crystal panel or a CRT can be used. As the monitor 3, for example, a display device used for displaying navigation information can be used.

  As the control unit 10, a microcomputer mainly composed of a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and an I / O interface can be used. The control unit 10 receives the signals from each camera 1 and the signals from the parking support switch 2 as input, performs various processes related to parking support according to the control program stored in the ROM, and provides information for parking support. Is output to the monitor 3. When the control unit 10 grasps this functionally, the viewpoint conversion unit 11, the overhead image creation unit 12, the obstacle distance detection unit 13, the parking frame width detection unit 14, the turning area calculation unit 15, and the storage A unit 16 and an image composition unit 17.

  The viewpoint conversion unit 11 performs viewpoint conversion processing on each captured image corresponding to one frame output from each camera 1 as a processing target. In this viewpoint conversion process, by performing pixel rearrangement on the captured image, viewpoint conversion is performed so that an image is captured from a viewpoint in which the camera optical axis is perpendicular to the road surface. The viewpoint conversion unit 11 outputs each captured image subjected to viewpoint conversion to the overhead image creation unit 12.

  The overhead image creation unit (overhead image creation means) 12 connects the captured images that have undergone viewpoint conversion. By this connection, an overhead image is created in which the entire periphery of the vehicle is looked down with the virtual viewpoint directly above the vehicle. The overhead image creation unit 12 outputs the created overhead image to the obstacle distance detection unit 13, the parking frame width detection unit 14, and the image composition unit 17, respectively.

  The obstacle distance detection unit (detection means) 13 detects the obstacle distance L based on the overhead image by using image processing such as edge detection. The obstacle distance L is a distance from the parking frame to an obstacle (for example, a wall) existing in the opposite direction of the parking frame. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the obstacle distance detection unit 13 is a pair of left and right frame lines on the road surface that defines the parking frame based on the focal length of the camera 1 and the distance per pixel. The obstacle distance L is calculated by detecting the distance from the entrance end of F (the front end of the parking frame on the vehicle entrance side) to the obstacle OB present in the opposite direction of the parking frame on the overhead image. To do. The obstacle distance detection unit 13 outputs the detected obstacle distance L to the switching area calculation unit 15.

  The parking frame width detection unit (detection unit) 14 detects a parking frame width W that is a distance in the width direction of the parking frame based on the overhead image by using image processing such as edge detection. Here, the width direction in the parking frame width W corresponds to the vehicle width direction (left-right direction) of the vehicle CA when the vehicle CA is parked in the parking frame. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the parking frame width detection unit 14 draws a pair of left and right images that define the parking frame drawn on the road surface based on the focal length of the camera 1 and the distance per pixel. The parking frame width W is calculated by detecting the distance in the width direction of the frame line F on the overhead image. The parking frame width detection unit 14 outputs the detected parking frame width W to the switching area calculation unit 15.

  The return area calculation unit (calculation means) 15 calculates the return area based on the obstacle distance L, the parking frame width W, and vehicle parameters described later stored in the storage unit 16. Here, the turn-over area is superimposed on the bird's-eye view image, thereby suppressing the number of turn-overs without interfering with obstacles on the opposite side of the parking frame across the vehicle. An area where reverse parallel parking is possible is shown. Specifically, the cut-back area includes a first area and a one-time turn-back area. The first region is a region in which the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn can exist in the region and can move backward at a time by moving backward. The one-time turning-back area includes second to fourth areas that are independent from each other, and the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn is moved backward from the second area to the third area, By moving forward from the area to the fourth area and moving backward from the fourth area to the first area, the area can enter the parking frame with a single turn. Details of the calculation method of the cut-back area will be described later. The cut-back area calculation unit 15 outputs the calculated cut-back area to the image composition unit 17.

  Further, as a premise for calculating the return area, the return area calculation unit 15 uses, as a target parking frame, a parking frame for parking the vehicle in the captured image based on a signal from the parking assist switch 2 operated by the occupant. Set (setting means). Details of processing executed by the cut-back area calculation unit 15 will be described later.

  The storage unit (storage means) 16 has a function of storing vehicle parameters and image display icons. The storage unit 16 includes a dimension storage unit 16a, a rotation radius storage unit 16b, and an icon storage unit 16c.

  The dimension storage unit 16a stores the total length, full width, left and right rear wheel positions of the vehicle, and left and right front end corner positions of the vehicle. Here, the left and right rear wheel positions are positions corresponding to the start point of the turning trajectory in the Ackerman turn. The left and right front end positions correspond to positions on the vehicle that pass the outermost side when the vehicle turns. Various values stored in the dimension storage unit 16a are read by the turn-back area calculation unit 15 as vehicle parameters.

  The turning radius storage unit 16b has a turning radius of the rear wheel corresponding to the minimum turning radius of the vehicle, that is, a turning locus drawn by the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning when turning at the maximum turning angle (hereinafter referred to as "inner rear wheel locus"). And a turning trajectory (hereinafter referred to as “outer rear wheel trajectory”) drawn by the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the outside of the turn. Further, the turning radius storage unit 16b has a turning radius at the front end corresponding to the minimum turning radius of the vehicle, that is, a turning locus drawn by the vehicle front end corresponding to the turning outside at the time of turning at the maximum turning angle (hereinafter referred to as “outer front end locus”). ) Is remembered. Various values stored in the turning radius storage unit 16b are read as necessary by the turn-back area calculation unit 15 as vehicle parameters.

  The icon storage unit 16c stores an icon corresponding to the vehicle (hereinafter referred to as “vehicle icon”). The vehicle icon is an icon representing the current position of the vehicle on the overhead image, and a computer graphics image or the like that simulates the vehicle is used. The icon storage unit 16c stores the size (vehicle length and width) of the vehicle icon and the left and right rear wheel positions as data accompanying the vehicle icon. The vehicle icon and accompanying data stored in the icon storage unit 16c are read as necessary by the image composition unit 17 as display data.

  The image composition unit (image composition means) 17 creates a first presentation image in which a vehicle icon is superimposed on the overhead view image. Specifically, when the image composition unit 17 reads the vehicle icon from the icon storage unit 16c of the storage unit 16, the image icon is displayed at a position corresponding to the vehicle position in the real space with a size corresponding to the size of the vehicle. Is superimposed on the overhead image. The bird's-eye view image created by the bird's-eye view image creation unit 12 is created with the current position of the vehicle as a reference, for example, so that the current position of the vehicle is the center of the image. Therefore, the image composition unit 17 superimposes the vehicle icon on the position serving as the reference of the overhead image, that is, the center of the image. Thereby, the image composition unit 17 creates a first presentation image. The created presentation image is output to the monitor 3, and this presentation image is displayed on the monitor 3.

  Further, the image composition unit 17 creates a second presentation image in which the cut-out area calculated by the cut-out area calculation unit 15 is superimposed on the first presentation image. Specifically, when the cut-out area is calculated by the cut-out area calculation unit 15, the image composition unit 17 superimposes the cut-out area on the first presentation image. As will be described later, the turning area calculated by the turning area calculation unit 15 is set based on the parking base point and the position of the parking frame in the overhead image. Therefore, the image composition unit 17 superimposes the turn-back area in correspondence with the position of the parking frame on the overhead image. Thereby, the image composition unit 17 creates a second presentation image. The created presentation image is output to the monitor 3, and this presentation image is displayed on the monitor 3.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of parking support processing according to the first embodiment. The process shown in this flowchart is executed by the control unit 10 using as a trigger a signal that instructs the start of a parking support operation that is output from the parking support switch 2 in accordance with the operation of the occupant. As shown in FIG. 4, the operation of the parking assistance switch 2 corresponding to the start of the parking assistance operation is performed, for example, in a state where the driver visually stops the parking frame at the left front of the vehicle CA and stops the vehicle. .

  In step 10 (S10), the viewpoint conversion unit 11 reads a captured image corresponding to one frame captured by each camera 1. In step 11 (S11), the viewpoint conversion unit 11 performs a viewpoint conversion process on each of the read captured images as a processing target.

  In step 12 (S12), the overhead image creation unit 12 creates an overhead image based on each captured image subjected to viewpoint conversion. In step 13 (S13), the image composition unit 17 creates a first presentation image by superimposing a vehicle icon on the created overhead image. Then, the overhead image creation unit 12 displays the first presentation image on the monitor 3 by outputting the first presentation image to the monitor 3.

  In step 14 (S14), the turn-back area calculation unit 15 sets a parking frame for parking the vehicle as a target parking frame based on a setting signal output from the parking assist switch 2 in accordance with the operation of the occupant. For example, when the cut-back area calculation unit 15 outputs a setting signal to the image composition unit 17, the image composition unit 17 displays an icon (for example, a rectangular frame) corresponding to the parking frame on the first presentation image. It superimposes on a 1st presentation image. Then, the image composition unit 17 moves the icon on the first presentation image in response to a signal output from the parking assistance switch 2 according to the operation of the occupant. Then, the occupant sets the position of the icon corresponding to the frame line F of the parking frame drawn on the road surface in the overhead view image. The position of the icon in the bird's-eye view image is output from the image composition unit 17 to the cut-out area calculation unit 15, and the turn-off area calculation unit 15 sets a target parking frame on the bird's-eye view image based on the icon position.

  Referring to FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, a parking frame that exists on the left front side of the vehicle CA is set as the target parking frame. In this case, after the vehicle is once moved forward, the parking operation when the vehicle is parked in the target parking frame by the backward movement accompanied by the left turn is supported. In the present embodiment, the base point for defining the turning boundary set for the target parking frame (hereinafter referred to as “parking base point”) is the entrance end of the frame line F of the target parking frame corresponding to the inside of the turn. Is set to This parking base point corresponds to the innermost position through which the vehicle can pass when entering the target parking frame.

  In step 15 (S15), the obstacle distance detection unit 13 detects the obstacle distance L based on the overhead image. Moreover, the parking frame width detection part 14 detects the parking frame width W based on a bird's-eye view image.

  In step 16 (S16), the cut-back area calculation unit 15 reads vehicle parameters stored in the storage unit 16. Specifically, the turn-back area calculation unit 15 reads the total length, full width, left and right rear wheel positions, and left and right front end positions of the vehicle from the dimension storage unit 16a. In addition, the turning area calculation unit 15 reads the inner rear wheel locus, the outer rear wheel locus, and the outer front end locus from the turning radius storage unit 16b.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the first switching boundary R1. In step 17 (S17), the turning area calculation unit 15 sets a first turning boundary R1 in the overhead image based on the vehicle parameters, the obstacle distance L, and the parking frame width W. The first turning boundary R1 corresponds to an inner rear wheel locus Rin drawn on the basis of a vehicle position that satisfies the first condition described below. Specifically, the vehicle position that satisfies the first condition is a frame of the target parking frame in which the outer front end locus Rout is in contact with the obstacle boundary line LB and the side surface of the vehicle CA corresponding to the outside of the turn corresponds to the outside of the turn. The position can be set by defining the position of the vehicle CA so as to correspond to the line F in position. The obstacle boundary line LB is a line indicating the boundary of the obstacle OB facing the parking frame.

  In this embodiment, it is a parking operation by reverse driving with left turn. Therefore, the side surface of the vehicle CA corresponding to the outside of the turn corresponds to the right side surface of the vehicle CA, and the frame line F corresponding to the outside of the turn corresponds to the right side frame line F of the pair of frame lines F in the target parking frame. To do. Further, the inner rear wheel locus Rin corresponds to the turning locus of the left rear wheel, and the outer front end locus Rout corresponds to the turning locus of the right front end.

  In the scene where the frame width W of the parking frame is narrower than the frame width of the parking frame shown in FIG. 5, the first turning boundary R1 is a frame line F corresponding to the inside of the turn (in this embodiment, the left side of the frame). The front end (parking base point) of the frame line F) may contact or cross the frame line F. When the first turning boundary R1 is in contact with the tip of the frame line F, the first turning boundary R1 draws a locus corresponding to the second turning boundary R2 described later. On the other hand, when the first turning boundary R1 intersects the frame line F, the frame width W of the parking frame is extremely narrow or the obstacle distance is short, so the first turning boundary R1 is used. I can't. In this case, this process ends.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the second switching boundary R2. In step 18 (S18), the turning area calculation unit 15 sets a second turning boundary R2 in the overhead image based on the vehicle parameters, the obstacle distance L, and the parking frame width W. The second turning boundary R2 corresponds to an inner rear wheel locus Rin drawn based on a vehicle position that satisfies the second condition described below. Specifically, the vehicle position that satisfies the second condition is that the outer front end locus Rout is in contact with the obstacle boundary line LB, and the inner rear wheel locus Rin is the parking base point, that is, the frame line F corresponding to the inside of the turn. It can be set by defining the position of the vehicle CA so as to pass through the tip.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the third switching boundary R3. In step 19 (S19), the turning area calculation unit 15 sets a third turning boundary R3 in the overhead view image based on the vehicle parameters, the obstacle distance L, and the parking frame width W. The third turning boundary R3 corresponds to an inner rear wheel locus Rin drawn on the basis of a vehicle position that satisfies the third condition described below. Specifically, the vehicle position that satisfies the third condition is that the side surface of the vehicle CA corresponding to the outside of the turn corresponds to the frame line F of the parking frame corresponding to the outside of the turn, and the inner rear wheel locus Rin. However, it can be set by defining the position of the vehicle CA so as to pass through the parking base point, that is, the front end of the frame line F corresponding to the inside of the turn.

  In step 20 (S20), the turning area calculation unit 15 sets a fourth turning boundary R4 in the overhead image based on the vehicle parameters, the obstacle distance L, and the parking frame width W. The fourth turning boundary R4 corresponds to an inner rear wheel locus Rin drawn based on a vehicle position that satisfies a fourth condition described below. Specifically, in the vehicle position that satisfies the fourth condition, the inner rear wheel trajectory Rin passes through the parking base point, that is, the tip of the frame line F corresponding to the inside of the turn, and the outer front end trajectory Rout is an obstacle. It can be set by defining the position of the vehicle CA so as to be farthest from the boundary line LB.

  In the present embodiment assuming a general frame width W, the fourth switching boundary R4 corresponds to the locus of the third switching boundary R3 shown in FIG. Note that, in the parking frame in which the parking frame width is set to be extremely wide, the return boundaries R3 and R4 are set at different positions.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the parking frame boundary line L1. In step 21 (S21), the cut-back area calculation unit 15 sets the parking frame boundary line L1 in the overhead view image. The parking frame boundary line L1 is a straight line that passes through the ends of a pair of frame lines F that define the parking frame and extends in the width direction of the parking frame.

  In step 22 (S22), the turning area calculation unit 15 sets a fifth turning boundary R5 in the overhead image based on the vehicle parameters, the obstacle distance L, and the parking frame width W. The fifth turning boundary R5 corresponds to the inner rear wheel locus Rin drawn on the basis of the vehicle position that satisfies the fifth condition described below. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the vehicle position that satisfies the fifth condition is such that the side surface of the vehicle CA corresponding to the inside of the turn corresponds to the parking frame boundary line L <b> 1 in position, and It can be set by defining the position of the vehicle CA so that the wheel locus Rin passes through the parking base point, that is, the tip of the frame line F corresponding to the inside of the turn.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the sixth switching boundary R6. In step 23 (S23), the turning area calculation unit 15 sets a sixth turning boundary R6 in the overhead image based on the vehicle parameters, the obstacle distance L, and the parking frame width W. The sixth switching boundary R6 is a trajectory drawn as follows. As shown in FIG. 9, the vehicle CA is moved backward at the maximum turning angle (first maximum turning angle) so as to enter the left rear parking frame from the vehicle position of the fifth condition described above. Assuming that At this time, the vehicle CA is moved to a position where the rear end portion of the vehicle CA corresponding to the outside of the turn comes into contact with the frame line F corresponding to the outside of the turn or its extension line L2. Then, at this vehicle position, the outer rear wheel locus Rtout when the vehicle makes a forward turn in the state of the maximum turning angle reversed from the first maximum turning angle (second maximum turning angle) is the sixth. Is the cut-off boundary R6.

  In the present embodiment, since the parking frame is present at the left rear when viewed from the vehicle position of the fifth condition, the first maximum turning angle is the maximum turning angle during left turn, that is, from the neutral state to the left ( This corresponds to the maximum turning angle when the steering wheel is operated in the counterclockwise direction. Further, the rear end portion of the vehicle CA corresponding to the outside of the turn corresponds to the right rear end portion of the vehicle CA. Furthermore, the second maximum turning angle is the maximum turning angle when turning right, and the outer rear wheel locus Rtout corresponds to the turning locus of the left rear wheel.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the first region A. FIG. In step 24 (S24), the cut-out area calculation unit 15 sets the first area A in the overhead view image. The first region A is configured by the inside (turning inside) of the first turning boundary R1 set in step 17 and the outside (turning outside) of the third turning boundary R3 set in step 19. It corresponds to the area to be done.

  FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the second region B. FIG. In step 25 (S25), the cut-out area calculation unit 15 sets the second area B in the overhead image. The second region B is configured by the inside (turning inside) of the third turning boundary R3 set in step 19 and the outside (turning outside) of the fifth turning boundary R5 set in step 22. It corresponds to the area to be done. In the present embodiment, the fifth turning boundary R5 is present in the inner direction of the parking frame from the parking base point. In this case, the second region B is set using the parking frame boundary line L1 instead of the fifth turning boundary R5.

  FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the third region C. FIG. In step 26 (S26), the cut-out area calculation unit 15 sets a third area C in the overhead image. The third region C includes an outer side (turning outside) of the first turning boundary R1 set in step 17, an inner side (turning inside) of the fifth turning boundary R5 set in step 22, and a step 23 corresponds to a region constituted by a straight line L3 that passes through the starting point of the sixth turning boundary R6 set in 23 and extends in the front-rear direction of the parking frame.

  FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the fourth region D. FIG. In step 27 (S27), the cut-out area calculation unit 15 sets the fourth area D in the overhead image. The fourth region D is located on the inner side (turning inside) of the sixth turning boundary R6 set in step 23 and on the inner side (turning inside) of the first turning boundary R1 set in step 17. Corresponds to the configured area.

  FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a second presentation image. In step 28 (S28), the image composition unit 17 superimposes the first to fourth areas A to D set in the cut-back area calculation unit 15 on the first presentation image, thereby providing the second presentation. Create an image. The positions of the first to fourth areas A to D are set based on the parking base point on the bird's-eye view image and the position of the target parking frame, and the image composition unit 17 sets the parking base point on the first presentation image and Based on the position of the target parking frame, the first to fourth areas A to D are superimposed. These first to fourth areas A to D constitute a turning area.

  In step 29 (S29), the image composition unit 17 outputs the created second presentation image to the monitor 3 to display the second presentation image on the monitor.

  In addition, when the image composition unit 17 outputs the second presentation image in step 29, the image composition unit 17 thereafter updates the second presentation image. Specifically, the camera 1 repeats imaging at a predetermined cycle, and the latest bird's-eye view image is always created according to the processing from step 10 to step 12 for each cycle. When the image composition unit 17 detects the position of the parking base point and the target parking frame in the created first presentation image, the image composition unit 17 superimposes the first to fourth regions A to D based on the positions. Thus, the second presentation image is updated. Then, the image composition unit 17 outputs the updated second presentation image to the monitor 3 to display the second presentation image on the monitor.

  In step 30 (S30), the cut-back area calculation unit 15 determines whether or not there is an end instruction. Specifically, when a signal instructing the end of the parking support operation output from the parking support switch 2 according to the operation of the occupant or a signal instructing the ignition off output from an ignition switch (not shown) is acquired. It is determined that an end instruction has been acquired. If an affirmative determination is made in step 30, this process ends. On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step 30, the process returns to step 30 (S30) again.

  By the series of procedures described above, the second presentation image in which the first to fourth areas A to D are superimposed on the first presentation image (overhead image) is displayed. As shown in FIG. 14, the first region A, the second region B, and the third region C are independent regions, and the fourth region D is a part of the first region A. Exists.

  Here, in the first area A, when the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn (the left rear wheel in the present embodiment) can move backward while being in the area A, the first area A is turned back. It shows an area where parking is possible once in reverse without performing. On the other hand, the second to fourth regions B to D are the third when the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn (the left rear wheel in the present embodiment) exists in the second region B. By moving the rear wheel (left rear wheel in the present embodiment) backward to the region C, the forward movement of the rear wheel (left rear wheel in the present embodiment) to the fourth region D, The rear wheel (in this embodiment, the left rear wheel) moves to the first region A. And the area | region which can park to a parking frame by at least one turn is shown by moving backward so that the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of a turn may be maintained in the 1st area A.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the parking assist device determines an area that can be entered into the target parking frame by one turn based on the vehicle parameter, the parking frame width W, and the obstacle distance L. The indicated cut-back area is calculated. Then, a presentation image is created by superimposing a turning area on a captured image obtained by imaging the periphery of the vehicle, and this presentation image is displayed on the monitor 3.

  According to such a configuration, the cut-back area is superimposed and displayed on a captured image (in this embodiment, a bird's-eye view image) captured around the vehicle. The driver can grasp the area where the driver can enter the target parking frame with one turn without interfering with the obstacle OB. Moreover, the turning area is set based on the vehicle parameter, the parking frame width W, and the obstacle distance L. By performing turning using the turning area as a guide, the target parking frame, the obstacle, The space between the two can be effectively utilized in the maximum range that does not come into contact with an obstacle. Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress the frequency | count of a return and parking can be performed easily.

  In the present embodiment, the cut-back area includes a first area A and a one-time return area including the second to fourth areas B to D. According to such a configuration, the first area A and the one-time turning area are displayed as the turning area. Therefore, even if parking is attempted without turning back in accordance with the first area A, and the vehicle has deviated from this area A, parking that is turned back once can be supported.

  Here, the first region A is a region configured by the inside of the first turning boundary R1 and the outside of the third turning boundary R3. According to such a configuration, the target parking frame can be entered at a time without performing turn-over by following the main area A with the rear wheels inside the turn.

  The second area B is an area formed by the inside of the third switching boundary R3 and the outside of the fifth switching boundary R5, and the third area C is the first switching boundary R3. This is an area composed of the outside of the boundary R1, the inside of the fifth turning boundary R5, and a straight line L3 that passes through the starting point of the sixth turning boundary R6 and extends in the front-rear direction of the parking frame. And the 4th field D is a field constituted by the inside of the 6th return boundary R6, and the inside of the 1st return boundary R1. According to such a configuration, it is possible to support an action of performing parking once and parking in a limited space with an obstacle.

  In the present embodiment, the parking base point is set at the front end of the frame line F of the target parking frame corresponding to the inside of the turn. According to such a configuration, since a gap is secured between the parked vehicle parked in the adjacent parking frame, a situation where the vehicle is too close to the parked vehicle can be suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, the obstruction OB, the frame line F of the parking frame, and the first to sixth turning boundaries R1 to R6 are in contact with each other (gap 0). However, the present invention is not limited to this. The first to sixth turning boundaries R1 to R6 may be set in a state where a predetermined margin (for example, an interval of 30 cm) is secured in these intervals. If the first to sixth switching boundaries R1 to R6 are set with the gap secured in this manner, a larger gap is secured between the obstacle and the parking frame line. The parking operation can be performed with a margin for the parking frame to be performed.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 15 to 17, the cut-back area in various scenes will be described.

  FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a turning-back area set with the front end corner of an adjacent parked vehicle existing inside the turn as a parking start point. In embodiment mentioned above, the front-end | tip part of the frame line F corresponding to turning inside among parking frames is set to the parking base point. However, the present invention is not limited to such a method. The parking base point may be set at a position that has entered a part of the adjacent parking frame that exists in the inside direction of the turn. For example, the parking base point is set at the front end corner of the adjacent parked vehicle CA1 existing inside the turn. The front end corner of the adjacent parked vehicle may be recognized by image processing based on the bird's-eye view image. For example, the position where the front of the corner of the parking frame has entered the inside by 30 cm in the front-rear direction and 30 cm in the left-right direction May be set in advance.

  According to this method, even when the vehicle is parked in the adjacent parking frame, a part of the adjacent parking frame can be used for the parking behavior of the own vehicle. Thereby, since a turning-back area | region can be set to a wider range, parking assistance can be performed effectively. Thereby, the reduction | decrease frequency required for parking can be aimed at.

  In the above-described embodiment, since the fifth turning boundary R5 exists inside the parking base point (that is, in the depth direction of the parking frame), the parking frame is changed to the fifth turning boundary R5. A second region B was set using the boundary line L1. However, when the parking base point is set at a position other than the front end of the frame F corresponding to the inside of the turn, for example, when set at the front end corner of the adjacent parked vehicle CA1 existing inside the turn, the third region C is set. In setting, it is necessary to use the fifth switching boundary R5.

  FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a turn-back area in a case where the parking frame width W is wide. In the example shown in the figure, that of the parking frame is set wider than the parking frame width W shown in the embodiment described above. Specifically, in the parking frame shown in the above-described embodiment, the frame line corresponding to the outside of the turn corresponds to the frame line F ′. Moreover, in the example shown to the figure, the parking base point is set to the front-end corner part of adjacent parking vehicle CA1 which exists in turning inside. In the figure, a straight line L4 is a straight line extending in the front-rear direction from the end of the first cut-off boundary R1, and a third region C is a straight line corresponding to the first cut-off boundary R1. This corresponds to a region formed by the outer side of L4 (outside of turning) and the inner side of the fifth turning boundary R5 (inside of turning).

  According to such a method, the parking area having a large space can be used to set the turning area in a wider range, so that parking assistance can be performed effectively. Thereby, the reduction | decrease frequency required for parking can be aimed at.

  FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of the switching area in the case where the obstacle distance L is large. In the example shown in the figure, the obstacle OB exists at a position where the obstacle distance L is larger than the obstacle OB 'shown in the above-described embodiment. Moreover, in the example shown to the figure, the parking base point is set to the front-end corner part of adjacent parking vehicle CA1 which exists in turning inside. In addition, in the same figure, the 3rd area | region C is prescribed | regulated by the straight line extended in the depth direction of a parking frame from the edge part of 1st turning boundary R1.

  According to such a method, the parking area having a large space can be used to set the turning area in a wider range, so that parking assistance can be performed effectively. Thereby, the reduction | decrease frequency required for parking can be aimed at.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram schematically illustrating a parking assistance apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The parking assistance apparatus according to the second embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that the vehicle is guided to the target parking frame according to the positional relationship between the turning-back area and the vehicle. In addition, about the structure which is common in 1st Embodiment, description shall be abbreviate | omitted by quoting a code | symbol, and it demonstrates focusing on difference below.

  The parking support apparatus according to the second embodiment includes an ultrasonic sensor 4, an inhibitor switch 5, and a speaker 6 in addition to the plurality of cameras 1, the parking support switch 2, the monitor 3, and the control unit 10. ing.

  The ultrasonic sensors 4 are installed at a plurality of locations around the vehicle, for example, at two locations on the left and right of the front end. Each ultrasonic sensor 4 detects the position and distance of an obstacle present in the detection area, and outputs the detection result to the control unit 10.

  The inhibitor switch 5 is provided in the vicinity of the shift lever of the vehicle, and detects the shift position in conjunction with the operation of the shift lever. The inhibitor switch 5 outputs the detection result to the control unit 10.

  The speaker 6 is installed in the vehicle interior, and outputs information for parking assistance by sound from the output from the control unit 10.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the control unit 10 further includes a rear wheel position determination unit 18 and a vehicle guidance unit 19 in addition to the elements shown in the first embodiment when this is functionally grasped. . A second presentation image created (updated) by the image composition unit 17 is input to the rear wheel position determination unit 18. In addition, the detection result of the inhibitor switch 5 is input to the vehicle guidance unit 19.

  The rear wheel position determination unit (rear wheel position determination means) 18 reads the left and right rear wheel positions of the vehicle icon from the icon storage unit 16 c of the storage unit 16. The rear wheel position determination unit 18 is located where the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning of the vehicle icon exists in the turn-off area set in the second presentation image created by the image composition unit 17, that is, the overhead view image. It is determined whether or not. In other words, the rear wheel position determination unit 18 determines whether the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning of the vehicle exists in any of the first to fourth areas A to D or does not exist in the turnover area. Is detected. Specifically, the rear wheel position determination unit 18 detects the rear wheel position from the positional relationship between the pixels constituting the turning-back area and the pixels constituting the rear wheel position of the vehicle icon. The rear wheel position determination unit 18 outputs the monitoring result to the vehicle guidance unit 19.

  The vehicle guiding unit (vehicle guiding unit) 19 guides the vehicle to the target parking frame based on the determination result by the rear wheel position determining unit 18 and the shift position detected by the inhibitor switch 5. Specifically, the vehicle guide unit 19 displays only a part of the cut-back region displayed on the monitor 3 or highlights (for example, blinking display) in cooperation with the image composition unit 17. I do. Moreover, the vehicle guidance part 19 outputs the predetermined | prescribed signal to the speaker 6, and performs the audio | voice announcement for teaching a driver parking operation. Accordingly, the vehicle is guided to the target parking frame using the display and the sound.

  In the first embodiment, the obstacle distance detection unit 13 detects the obstacle distance L based on the bird's-eye view image. In the present embodiment, in addition to the technique based on image processing or the like, the ultrasonic sensor The detection result by 4 can be used.

  FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 are flowcharts showing a procedure of parking support processing according to the second embodiment. The process shown in this flowchart is executed by the control unit 10 using as a trigger a signal that instructs the start of a parking support operation that is output from the parking support switch 2 in accordance with the operation of the occupant. As shown in FIG. 4, the operation of the parking assistance switch 2 corresponding to the start of the parking assistance operation is performed, for example, in a state where the driver visually stops the target parking frame at the left front of the vehicle CA and stops the vehicle. Is called.

  First, in step 40 (S40), a cut-back area setting process is performed. In this cut-back area setting process, a second presentation image is created according to the process from step 10 to step 28 in the first embodiment described above. In the present embodiment, the parking base point is set at the front end corner of the adjacent parked vehicle CA1 existing inside the turn, and a turn-back area is set based on the parking base point.

  In step 41 (S41), the image composition unit 17 outputs the created second presentation image to the monitor 3 to display the second presentation image on the monitor.

  In addition, after outputting the second presentation image in step 41, the image composition unit 17 updates the second presentation image thereafter. Specifically, the camera 1 repeats imaging at a predetermined cycle, and the latest bird's-eye view image is always created according to the processing from step 10 to step 12 for each cycle. When the image composition unit 17 detects the position of the parking base point and the target parking frame in the created first presentation image, the image composition unit 17 superimposes the first to fourth regions A to D based on the positions. Thus, the second presentation image is updated. Then, the image composition unit 17 outputs the updated second presentation image to the monitor 3 to display the second presentation image on the monitor. At this time, the image composition unit 17 also executes processing to be described later in conjunction with the backward movement of the second presentation image.

  In step 42 (S42), the vehicle guiding section 19 guides the vehicle (specifically, the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn) to the first area A in the turning area. Specifically, the vehicle guiding unit 19 blinks and displays the rear wheel (in this embodiment, the left rear wheel) corresponding to the turning inside of the vehicle icon and the first area A in the turning area. Is output to the image composition unit 17. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 21, in the 2nd presentation image displayed on the monitor 3, the left rear wheel of a vehicle icon and the 1st area | region A in a turning area are blinkingly displayed. In FIG. 21, a hatched area indicates a blinking area on the monitor 3 (the same applies hereinafter). In addition, the vehicle guide unit 19 outputs a predetermined sound signal to the speaker 6 to output a sound indicating that the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning of the vehicle moves forward so as to enter the first region A.

  In step 43 (S43), the vehicle guiding unit 19 determines whether or not the current shift position is reverse (R range) based on the shift position detected by the inhibitor switch 5. If an affirmative determination is made in step 43, that is, if the current shift position is in the R range, the process proceeds to step 45 (S45). On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step 43, that is, if the current shift position is not in the R range, the process returns to step 42 (S42).

  In step 45 (S45), when the vehicle guidance unit 19 reads the determination result of the rear wheel position determination unit 18, the vehicle guidance unit 19 determines whether or not the rear wheel corresponding to the turning inside of the vehicle exists in the first region A. To do. If the determination in step 45 is affirmative, that is, if the rear wheel on the inside of the turn is present in the first region A, the process proceeds to step 46 (S46). On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step 45, that is, if the rear wheel inside the turn is outside the first region A, the process proceeds to step 49 (S49) described later.

  In step 46, the vehicle guiding unit 19 outputs a signal for ending the blinking display of the first area A to the image composition unit 17. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 22, in the 2nd presentation image displayed on the monitor 3, the blinking display of the 1st area | region A in a cut-back area | region is complete | finished.

  In step 47 (S47), the vehicle guidance unit 19 outputs a predetermined audio signal to the speaker 6, thereby performing the reverse steering so that the rear wheel inside the turn maintains the first area A. A voice output indicating that the vehicle is entering the parking space is output. Further, the vehicle guidance unit 19 displays a signal indicating that only the first region A is displayed in the turning-back region and other regions, that is, the second to fourth regions B to D are not displayed. 17 is output.

  In step 48 (S48), the vehicle guidance unit 19 determines whether or not there is an end instruction. Specifically, when a signal instructing the end of the parking support operation output from the parking support switch 2 according to the operation of the occupant or a signal instructing the ignition off output from an ignition switch (not shown) is acquired. It is determined that an end instruction has been acquired. If an affirmative determination is made in step 48, this process ends. On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step 48, the processing returns to step 45 described later.

  In step 49, when the vehicle guidance unit 19 reads the determination result of the rear wheel position determination unit 18, the vehicle guidance unit 19 determines whether or not the rear wheel corresponding to the turning inside of the vehicle exists in the second region B. If an affirmative determination is made in step 45, that is, if the rear wheel on the inside of the turn exists in the second region B, the process proceeds to step 50 (S50). On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step 45, that is, if the rear wheel inside the turn is outside the second region B, the process proceeds to step 53 (S53) described later.

  In step 50, the vehicle guiding unit 19 guides the vehicle (specifically, the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn) to the third region C in the turning-back region. Specifically, the vehicle guiding unit 19 blinks and displays the rear wheel (in this embodiment, the left rear wheel) corresponding to the turning inside of the vehicle icon and the third area C in the turning area. Is output to the image composition unit 17. As a result, as shown in FIG. 23, the left rear wheel of the vehicle icon and the third area C in the turn-back area are displayed in a blinking manner in the second presentation image displayed on the monitor 3. In addition, the vehicle guidance unit 19 outputs a predetermined sound signal to the speaker 6, thereby outputting a sound indicating that the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning of the vehicle is reversely steered so as to enter the third region C.

  In addition, when the vehicle guidance | induction part 19 blinks and displays the 3rd area | region C, it is good also as non-displaying the other area | region in a turning-back area | region. However, when the vehicle guidance unit 19 is performing backward steering toward the third region C, if the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn exists in the second region B, By displaying the area B as well, the route to the target parking frame may be guided.

  In step 51 (S51), when the vehicle guidance unit 19 reads the determination result of the rear wheel position determination unit 18, the vehicle guidance unit 19 determines whether or not the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning of the vehicle exists in the third region C. To do. If the determination in step 51 is affirmative, that is, if the rear wheel on the inside of the turn exists in the third region C, the process proceeds to step 52 (S52). On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step 51, that is, if the rear wheel inside the turn is outside the third region C, the process returns to step 50.

  In step 52, the vehicle guiding unit 19 outputs a signal for ending the blinking display of the third region C to the image composition unit 17. Thereby, in the 2nd presentation image displayed on the monitor 3, the blink display of the 3rd area | region C in a cut-back area | region is complete | finished.

  In step 53, when the vehicle guidance unit 19 reads the determination result of the rear wheel position determination unit 18, the vehicle guidance unit 19 determines whether or not the rear wheel corresponding to the turning inside of the vehicle exists in the third region C. If an affirmative determination is made in step 53, that is, if the rear wheel on the inside of the turn exists in the third region C, the process proceeds to step 54 (S54). On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step 53, that is, if the rear wheel on the inside of the turn is outside the third region C, the process proceeds to step 57 (S57) described later.

  In step 54, the vehicle guiding section 19 guides the vehicle (specifically, the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn) to the fourth area D in the turning area. Specifically, the vehicle guiding unit 19 blinks and displays the rear wheel (in this embodiment, the left rear wheel) corresponding to the turning inside of the vehicle icon and the fourth area D in the turning area. Is output to the image composition unit 17. Thus, as shown in FIG. 24, the left rear wheel of the vehicle icon and the fourth area D in the turn-back area are displayed in a blinking manner in the second presentation image displayed on the monitor 3. Further, the vehicle guidance unit 19 outputs a predetermined sound signal to the speaker 6, thereby outputting a sound indicating that the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning of the vehicle is steered forward so as to enter the fourth region D.

  In addition, when the vehicle guidance part 19 blinks and displays the 4th area | region D, it is good also as non-displaying the other area | region in a turning-back area | region. However, when the vehicle guidance unit 19 is performing forward steering toward the fourth region D, if the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn exists in the third region C, By displaying the region C, the route to the target parking frame may be guided.

  In step 55 (S55), when the vehicle guidance unit 19 reads the determination result of the rear wheel position determination unit 18, the vehicle guidance unit 19 determines whether or not the rear wheel corresponding to the turning inside of the vehicle exists in the fourth region D. To do. If an affirmative determination is made in step 55, that is, if the rear wheel on the inside of the turn exists in the fourth region D, the process proceeds to step 56 (S56). On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step 55, that is, if the rear wheel inside the turn is outside the fourth region D, the process returns to step 54.

  In step 56, the vehicle guiding unit 19 outputs a signal indicating that the blinking display of the fourth area D is to be terminated to the image composition unit 17. Thereby, in the 2nd presentation image displayed on the monitor 3, the blink display of the 4th area | region D in a cut-back area | region is complete | finished.

  In step 57, when the vehicle guidance unit 19 reads the determination result of the rear wheel position determination unit 18, the vehicle guidance unit 19 determines whether or not the rear wheel corresponding to the turning inside of the vehicle exists in the fourth region D. If the determination in step 53 is affirmative, that is, if the rear wheel on the inside of the turn exists in the fourth region D, the process proceeds to step 58 (S58). On the other hand, if a negative determination is made in step 57, that is, if the rear wheel inside the turn is outside the fourth region D, the process proceeds to step 48 described above.

  In step 58, the vehicle guiding section 19 guides the vehicle (specifically, the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn) to the first area A in the turning area. Specifically, the vehicle guiding unit 19 blinks and displays the rear wheel (in this embodiment, the left rear wheel) corresponding to the turning inside of the vehicle icon and the first area A in the turning area. Is output to the image composition unit 17. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 25, in the second presentation image displayed on the monitor 3, the left rear wheel of the vehicle icon and the first area A in the turning area are blinked. In this case, the area overlapping the fourth area D where the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn currently exists may be excluded from the blinking display target. In addition, the vehicle guiding unit 19 outputs a predetermined sound signal to the speaker 6, thereby outputting a sound indicating that the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning of the vehicle is reversely steered so as to enter the first region A.

  In addition, when the vehicle guidance | induction part 19 blinks and displays the 1st area | region A, it is good also as non-displaying the other area | region in a turning-back area | region. However, the vehicle guidance unit 19 also displays the fourth region D when the rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn exists in the fourth region D during reverse steering. Thus, a route to the target parking frame may be guided.

  In step 59 (S59), when the vehicle guidance unit 19 reads the determination result of the rear wheel position determination unit 18, the first region A in which the rear wheel corresponding to the turning inside of the vehicle does not overlap with the fourth region D. It is judged whether it exists in. If a negative determination is made in step 59, that is, if the rear wheel inside the turn is outside the first region A, the process returns to step 58. On the other hand, if an affirmative determination is made in step 59, that is, if the rear wheel on the inside of the turn is in the first region A, the process proceeds to steps 46 and 47 described above. That is, as shown in FIG. 26, the blinking display of the first area A is finished, and the target parking frame is moved to the target parking frame while performing reverse steering so that the rear wheel inside the turn maintains the first area A. Induce.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the parking assist device determines in which region from the first region A to the fourth region D the position of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn exists. Further, the parking assistance device guides the vehicle to the target parking frame based on the determination result. Specifically, when the position of the vehicle rear wheel exists in the first area A, only the first area A is displayed. When the position of the vehicle rear wheel is in the second area B, the third area C is highlighted. Furthermore, when the position of the vehicle rear wheel exists in the third region C, the fourth region D is highlighted. When the position of the vehicle rear wheel exists in the fourth area D, the first area A is highlighted. According to this configuration, when the vehicle is located in the first area A, the driver can be made aware of only the area that can be parked once in reverse. Moreover, even if it is a case where it deviates from the 1st area | region A, it guide | induced to park in one turn in order of the 2nd to 4th area | regions BD and the 1st area | region A. Therefore, even a driver who is unfamiliar with driving can suppress the number of turn-backs and can easily park. In addition, even if the rear wheel of the vehicle is removed from any area, if the vehicle enters a nearby area by moving forward or backward, there is no possibility of contact with surrounding obstacles, and the vehicle existing in the right adjacent parking frame It is possible to suppress a state in which the host vehicle is stuck in the vertical direction between the obstacle and the vehicle cannot move forward or backward.

  The vehicle guidance method is not limited to the above-described method, and when the position of the vehicle rear wheel exists in the first region A, only the first region A is displayed, and the position of the vehicle rear wheel is displayed. Is present in any one of the second to fourth regions B to D, the second region B to the fourth region D may be displayed respectively. Even with this method, it is possible to display an indication of one backward entry or one turnback.

  In the present embodiment, the ultrasonic sensor 4 for detecting the obstacle distance is provided. However, as in the first embodiment, the obstacle distance L may be detected only by image processing. Moreover, 1st Embodiment mentioned above may be equipped with the ultrasonic sensor 4 in the structure of a parking assistance apparatus, as shown to 2nd Embodiment.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, a method has been described in which a vehicle that stops in front of the parking frame is parked in the parking frame by moving backward with a left turn. However, since the turning direction is uniquely determined as a right turn even when a vehicle that stops right in front of the parking frame is parked in the parking frame by moving backward with a right turn, the present invention is implemented as described above. It can be applied in the same way as the form.

The block diagram which shows schematically the parking assistance apparatus concerning 1st Embodiment. Illustration of parking frame width and obstacle distance The flowchart which shows the procedure of the parking assistance process concerning 1st Embodiment. Explanatory drawing explaining the positional relationship between the vehicle and the parking frame Explanatory drawing of the first cut-off boundary R1 Explanatory drawing of 2nd switching boundary R2 Explanatory drawing of 3rd return boundary R3 Explanatory drawing of parking frame boundary line L1 Explanatory drawing of 6th return boundary R6 Explanatory drawing of the 1st field A Explanatory drawing of the 2nd field B Explanatory drawing of the 3rd field C Explanatory drawing of the 4th field D Explanatory drawing of the 2nd presentation image Explanatory drawing which shows another form of cut-back area Explanatory drawing which shows another form of cut-back area Explanatory drawing which shows another form of cut-back area The block diagram which shows schematically the parking assistance apparatus concerning 2nd Embodiment. The flowchart which shows the procedure of the parking assistance process concerning 2nd Embodiment. The flowchart which shows the procedure of the parking assistance process concerning 2nd Embodiment. Explanatory drawing showing the vehicle guidance method Explanatory drawing showing the vehicle guidance method Explanatory drawing showing the vehicle guidance method Explanatory drawing showing the vehicle guidance method Explanatory drawing showing the vehicle guidance method Explanatory drawing showing the vehicle guidance method

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Camera 2 ... Parking assistance switch 3 ... Monitor 4 ... Ultrasonic sensor 5 ... Inhibitor switch 6 ... Speaker 10 ... Control unit 11 ... Viewpoint conversion part 12 ... Overhead image creation part 13 ... Obstacle distance detection part 14 ... Parking frame width Detecting unit 15 ... Clip region calculation unit 16 ... Storage unit 16a ... Dimension storage unit 16b ... Rotation radius storage unit 16c ... Icon storage unit 17 ... Image composition unit 18 ... Rear wheel position determination unit 19 ... Vehicle guidance unit

Claims (9)

In the parking assistance device that supports the backward parallel parking of the vehicle to the parking frame,
Imaging means for imaging the periphery of the vehicle and outputting a captured image;
In the captured image, setting means for setting a parking frame for parking the vehicle as a target parking frame;
Detection based on the captured image, wherein the width of the target parking frame is detected as a parking frame width and the distance from the target parking frame to an obstacle existing in the opposite direction of the target parking frame is detected as an obstacle distance Means,
Storage means for storing the turning trajectory of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the minimum turning radius of the vehicle and the turning trajectory of the vehicle front end corresponding to the minimum turning radius of the vehicle as vehicle parameters;
Based on the vehicle parameters, the parking frame width, and the obstacle distance, a calculation means for calculating a turning area indicating an area that can be entered into the target parking frame with a single turning,
Image composition means for creating a presentation image by superimposing the cut-back area on the captured image;
And a display unit for displaying the presentation image created by the image synthesis unit. The cut-back area is
A first region that can enter the target parking frame at a time by moving the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn in the region and moving backward;
Each includes independent second to fourth regions, and the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn moves backward from the second region to the third region and advances from the third region to the fourth region. It is composed of a one-time turning area that can enter the target parking frame in one turn by moving backward to the first area and moving to the first area. The parking assistance device according to claim 1, wherein: The first region is
The turning trajectory of the front end of the vehicle corresponding to the outside of the turn is in contact with the obstacle boundary line that defines the boundary of the obstacle, and the frame side and the position of the target parking frame corresponding to the outside of the turn are the side surfaces of the vehicle corresponding to the outside of the turn The inside of the first turning boundary that is a turning locus of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn, which is drawn when the vehicle position is defined so as to correspond to the vehicle,
The vehicle side surface corresponding to the outside of the turn corresponds to the frame line of the target parking frame corresponding to the outside of the turn, and the turning locus of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn enters the target parking frame. When the vehicle position is defined so as to pass through the parking base point that is the innermost position through which the vehicle can pass, the outside of the third turning boundary that is the turning trajectory of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning The parking assistance device according to claim 2, wherein the parking assistance device is an area composed of The second region is
The vehicle side surface corresponding to the outside of the turn corresponds to the frame line of the target parking frame corresponding to the outside of the turn, and the turning locus of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn enters the target parking frame. When the vehicle position is defined so as to pass through the parking base point that is the innermost position through which the vehicle can pass, the inside of the third turning boundary that is the turning trajectory of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning When,
The vehicle side surface corresponding to the inside of the turn corresponds to a parking frame boundary line that is a straight line passing through the front ends of the pair of frame lines F of the target parking frame and extending in the width direction of the parking frame, and The fifth turning boundary is the turning trajectory of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn drawn when the vehicle position is defined so that the turning trajectory of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turning passes through the parking base point. An area composed of the outside and
The third region is
The turning trajectory of the front end of the vehicle corresponding to the outside of the turn is in contact with the obstacle boundary line that defines the boundary of the obstacle, and the frame side and the position of the target parking frame corresponding to the outside of the turn are the side surfaces of the vehicle corresponding to the outside of the turn Outside the first turning boundary, which is a turning locus of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn, which is drawn when the vehicle position is defined so as to correspond to the vehicle,
Inside the fifth turning boundary;
The vehicle is moved backward at the maximum turning angle so that the vehicle enters the target parking frame from the vehicle position that defines the fifth turning boundary, and the rear end of the vehicle corresponding to the outside of the turn corresponds to the outside of the turn Turn of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the outside of the turn when the vehicle is moved forward until it touches the frame line of the target parking frame and the vehicle makes a forward turn at the maximum turning angle with the steering reversed. It is a sixth turning boundary that is a trajectory, and is an area configured by a straight line that passes through the starting point of the sixth turning boundary and extends in the front-rear direction of the parking frame,
The fourth region is
Inside the sixth turn-off boundary;
The parking assistance device according to claim 3, wherein the parking assistance device is an area formed by the inside of the first turning boundary.   The parking assist device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the parking base point is set at a front end portion of a frame line of the target parking frame corresponding to the inside of the turn.   The parking assist device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the parking base point is set at a front end portion of a vehicle parked in an adjacent parking frame corresponding to a turn inside. Rear wheel position determination means for determining in which of the first region to the fourth region the position of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn exists;
Vehicle guidance means for guiding the vehicle to the target parking frame based on the determination result of the rear wheel position determination means;
The vehicle guiding portion is
When the rear wheel position determining means determines that the position of the vehicle rear wheel is in the first area, an instruction to display only the first area is output to the image synthesizing means,
When it is determined by the rear wheel position determination means that the position of the vehicle rear wheel exists in any one of the second region to the fourth region, the second region to the fourth The parking assistance device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein an instruction to display each of the areas is output to the image composition unit. Rear wheel position determination means for determining in which of the first region to the fourth region the position of the vehicle rear wheel corresponding to the inside of the turn exists;
Vehicle guidance means for guiding the vehicle to the target parking frame based on the determination result of the rear wheel position determination means;
The vehicle guiding portion is
When the rear wheel position determining means determines that the position of the vehicle rear wheel is in the first area, an instruction to display only the first area is output to the image synthesizing means,
If the rear wheel position determining means determines that the position of the vehicle rear wheel is present in the second area, an instruction to highlight the third area is output to the image synthesizing means,
When the rear wheel position determining means determines that the position of the vehicle rear wheel is present in the third area, an instruction to highlight the fourth area is output to the image synthesizing means,
When the rear wheel position determination means determines that the position of the vehicle rear wheel is in the fourth area, an instruction to highlight the first area is output to the image composition means. The parking assistance device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized by: In a parking support method for supporting backward parallel parking of a vehicle to a parking frame,
In a captured image obtained by imaging the periphery of the vehicle, a first step of setting a parking frame for parking the vehicle as a target parking frame;
Based on the captured image, a width of the target parking frame is detected as a parking frame width, and a distance from the target parking frame to an obstacle existing in the opposite direction of the target parking frame is detected as an obstacle distance. Two steps,
Based on the turning trajectory of the vehicle rear wheel and the vehicle front end corresponding to the minimum turning radius of the vehicle, the parking frame width, and the obstacle distance, the vehicle can enter the target parking frame with a single turn. A third step of calculating a cut-back area indicating a possible area;
A fourth step of superimposing and displaying the cut-back area on the captured image;
The parking assistance method characterized by having.

Images