JP2010005520A - Floatation separation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a floatation separation apparatus which enables high-speed treatment by small-scale equipment. <P>SOLUTION: The floatation separation apparatus makes air bubbles adhere to substances to be treated in water to be treated to separate the substances to be treated as floating substances. The apparatus has a floatation chamber 16, an inflow portion 12 for allowing the water to be treated to flow into the floatation chamber 16, and a water collecting portion 22 having water collecting openings 22a for collecting treated water, from which the substances to be treated have been separated. The floatation chamber 16 is vertically divided into upper and lower portions 28a and 28b by the water collecting portion 22, and has a water passing portion for allowing the treated water to pass between the upper portion 28a and the lower portion 28b. The multiple water collecting openings 22a installed in the water collecting portion 22 are formed from the peripheral wall to the center of the floatation chamber 16. The inflow portion 12 opens in the upper portion 28a to allow the water to be treated to flow into the upper portion 28a from the opening. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique of a levitation separation device that attaches bubbles to a substance to be treated in water to be treated and separates the substance to be treated as a floating substance.

  Conventionally, as a method of removing SS components, oils, and other substances to be treated contained in the water to be treated, the water to be treated and bubbles are mixed and supplied to the levitation tank. A levitation process is known that floats on the surface of a tank and separates a substance to be treated. In addition, in order to raise processing efficiency, before supplying to-be-processed water to a levitation tank, a flocculant is added and the to-be-processed substance contained in to-be-processed water is made to flock.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a conventional floating separation apparatus. In the levitation separation device 5, the floating tank 70 is provided with an inner peripheral wall 74, which has a lower end reaching the intermediate portion in the tank, along the inner periphery of the outer peripheral wall 72, inside the outer peripheral wall 72 constituting the tank body. Yes. The outer peripheral wall 72 and the inner peripheral wall 74 are cylindrical. Between the outer peripheral wall 72 and the inner peripheral wall 74, the inner peripheral wall 74 prevents a levitated material from entering, and a treated water chamber 76 in which treated water is collected is formed. A guide cylinder 78 having an open upper and lower part is provided in the central portion of the levitation tank 70. The guide cylinder 78 extends from the center of the bottom 70 a of the levitation tank 70, and is provided in the guide cylinder 78. An opening introducing pipe 80 is provided. A treated water inflow pipe 82 is connected to the introduction pipe 80 outside the floating tank 70. Further, a pressurized water inflow pipe 84 is connected to the treated water inflow pipe 82, and pressurized water in which air is dissolved under high pressure is supplied from here through a pressurized tank or the like.

  A method for operating the levitation separator 5 will be described. For example, via the pressurized water inflow pipe 84, pressurized water in which air is dissolved under high pressure in the treated water is supplied to the treated water inflow pipe 82, and a mixed liquid in which the pressurized water and the to-be-treated water are mixed is treated water inflow pipe 82. And is supplied into the guide cylinder 78 of the levitation tank 70 through the introduction pipe 80. In the levitation tank 70, the gas dissolved in the pressurized water is precipitated as bubbles and adheres to the material to be treated contained in the water to be treated, and the material to be treated is floated and separated. The treated water from which the material to be treated has been removed passes from the lower end 76 a of the treated water chamber 76 through the treated water chamber 76, overflows the overflow weir at the upper end of the outer peripheral wall 72 of the floating tank 70, and is supplied to the adjusting tank 86. The treated water discharge pipe 88 connected here discharges the outside of the system.

  Here, in the levitation separation apparatus 5 shown in FIG. 11, the water to be treated that flows into the levitation tank 70 through the introduction pipe 80 and the guide cylinder 78 flows toward the inner peripheral wall 74 of the levitation tank 70, and the inner peripheral wall 74. , It descends along the inner peripheral wall 74. When the flow rate of the downward flow is high, the material to be treated having insufficient buoyancy flows into the treated water chamber 76 over the lower end of the inner peripheral wall 74 along with the downward flow, thereby deteriorating the quality of the treated water. As described above, the reason why the downward flow along the inner peripheral wall 74 is accelerated is that there are many portions (for example, the shaded portions shown in FIG. 11) that are not used for the floating separation process in the floating tank 70. In the removal of the material to be treated, there is a problem that the floating separation cannot be performed efficiently unless the entire floating tank 70 can be used effectively.

  The general water area load (the amount of treated water (linear velocity LV) with respect to the horizontal sectional area of the levitation tank 70) of the levitation separator 5 shown in FIG. 11 is 5 to 10 m / h. In the levitation separator 5 shown in FIG. 11, when the LV is higher than the above range, the quality of the treated water tends to deteriorate.

  Further, Patent Document 1 proposes a levitation separator that can increase the LV compared to the levitation separator 5 shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the flotation separation device of Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG. In the levitation separator 6 shown in FIG. 12, the peripheral wall 90a of the levitation tank 90 is rectangular, and in the levitation tank 90, the water to be treated is detoured in the vertical direction by the upper open partition 92a and the lower open partition 92b. It is divided into three chambers that flow, a first chamber 94, a second chamber 96, and a third chamber 98. A rectifying plate 100 is horizontally installed between the partition wall 92a and the partition wall 92b of the second chamber 96. A plurality of rectifying holes 100 a are formed in the rectifying plate 100, and water from the second chamber 96 to the third chamber 98 passes through the rectifying plate 100. The first chamber 94 is connected to the treated water inflow pipe 102. One end of the pressurized water inflow pipe 104 is connected to the first chamber 94, and the other end is connected to the outlet of the air dissolution tank 105. A treated water discharge pipe 106 is connected to the third chamber 98. A communication pipe 111 is connected between the air dissolution tank 105 and the treatment discharge pipe 106 via a pump 110, and part of the treated water passing through the treatment water discharge pipe 106 passes through the communication pipe 111, and the air dissolution tank 105. To be supplied. In the air dissolution tank 105, air is dissolved in the treated water to produce pressurized water.

  In such a levitation separator 6, the water to be treated that has flowed into the first chamber 94 from the water to be treated 102 and the pressurized water that has flowed from the air dissolution tank 105 through the pressurized water inflow tube 104 into the first chamber 94 are liquid. It rises toward the surface and flows into the adjacent second chamber 96. In the second chamber 96, the substance to be treated in the water to be treated floats on the liquid surface as a floating substance, and treated water is obtained at the bottom. The treated water that has been subjected to the float separation process passes through the rectifying hole 100 a of the rectifying plate 100 and is discharged from the third chamber 98.

  Also in the floating separation apparatus 6 shown in FIG. 12, the flow rate of the downflow of the water to be treated that descends along the partition wall 92b of the second chamber 96 is increased. However, since the levitation separation device 6 shown in FIG. 12 is provided with the rectifying plate 100, due to the rectifying effect of the rectifying plate 100, the downflow of the water to be treated that falls along the partition wall 92b remains as it is, The flow to the third chamber 98 side is prevented. As a result, the material to be treated is prevented from flowing into the third chamber 98 side along with the downward flow, and the levitating separation device 6 shown in FIG. 12 is capable of processing at a higher volume load than the levitating separation device 5 shown in FIG. It becomes possible.

US Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0115881

  In the levitation separation apparatus 6 shown in FIG. 12, the peripheral wall 90a of the levitation tank 90 is rectangular, the water to be treated is supplied from the first chamber 94 provided on one end side of the peripheral wall 90a, and the first is provided on the other end side. 3, the treated water is discharged from the third chamber 98. In such a structure, the flow of water to be treated flowing from the first chamber 94 to the partition wall 92b (that is, the flow of water to be treated flowing on the liquid surface of the levitation tank) is guided in the levitation separation device 5 shown in FIG. The flow rate of the water to be treated flowing while expanding from the cylinder 78 toward the inner peripheral wall 74 (that is, the flow of the water to be treated flowing on the liquid surface of the levitation tank) is higher.

  Further, when the load of the floating separation device is increased, the flow rate of the water to be treated flowing on the liquid surface of the floating tank 90 is further increased, and the flow rate of the descending flow descending along the partition wall 92b is also increased. As a result, a downward flow having a high flow velocity collides with the rectifying plate 100 on the side of the partition wall 92b, and it becomes difficult to sufficiently obtain the rectifying effect of the rectifying plate 100. It cannot suppress sufficiently that it flows into 98 side, etc., and the quality of treated water tends to deteriorate. Therefore, even in the floating separation apparatus 6 as shown in FIG. 12, it is necessary to enlarge the apparatus in order to increase the throughput without deteriorating the quality of the treated water.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a floating separation apparatus capable of high-speed processing with a small apparatus.

  The present invention is a levitation separation device that attaches bubbles to a material to be treated in the water to be treated and separates the material to be treated as a levitated substance, and includes a floating chamber and an inflow portion for allowing the water to be treated to flow into the levitation chamber; And a water collection part having a water collection port for collecting treated water from which the material to be treated is separated, and the floating chamber is partitioned into an upper part and a lower part in the vertical direction by the water collection part, and the upper part And the lower part has a water flow part through which the treated water flows, and a plurality of water collection ports provided in the water collection part are formed from the peripheral wall of the floating chamber to the center, and the inflow part is The upper portion is opened, and water to be treated is allowed to flow into the upper portion from the opening.

  Moreover, in the said levitation separator, it is preferable that the horizontal cross-sectional area of the said water flow part / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the said levitation chamber is the range of 0.24-0.75.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the levitation separation apparatus further includes a sediment scraper that scrapes the sediment that has settled at the bottom of the levitation chamber among the substances to be treated.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the floating separation apparatus further includes a water collection unit scraper that discharges a sediment precipitated on the water collection unit out of the material to be treated from the water flow unit downward.

  Further, in the levitation separation apparatus, the levitation chamber is cylindrical, and the inflow portion is provided to be rotatable about the center of the levitation chamber, and the sediment scraper and the water collecting portion scraper are It is preferable to attach to the inflow part and rotate integrally with the inflow part.

  In the floating separation apparatus of the present invention, high-speed processing is possible with small equipment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. This embodiment is an example for carrying out the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the levitation separation apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the levitation separator according to this embodiment. A levitation separation apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a levitation tank 10, an inflow portion 12, a discharge portion 14, and a water collection portion 22.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the peripheral wall 10a of the levitation tank 10 has a cylindrical shape, and the bottom 10b of the levitation tank 10 has a hopper shape that becomes lower toward the center. The inside of the levitation tank 10 is a levitation chamber 16 in which levitation separation processing of water to be treated supplied from the inflow portion 12 is performed. A pit 18 is provided at the center of the bottom portion 10b to collect a deposit of the material to be treated. The pit 18 is provided with a sediment discharge port (not shown), and a sediment discharge pipe 19 is connected thereto. The peripheral wall 10a of the floating tank 10 may be rectangular. However, by forming the peripheral wall 10a of the levitation tank 10 into a cylindrical shape, the water to be treated spreads from the opening portion (the opening portion will be described later) of the inflow portion 12 disposed at the center of the levitation chamber 16 to the peripheral wall 10a. It will flow while. Therefore, although the flow velocity when exiting the inflow portion 12 is relatively fast, the flow of the surface portion when hitting the peripheral wall 10a is relatively slow. As a result, a rapid downward flow does not occur in a part of the peripheral wall 10a, and the deterioration of the quality of the treated water caused by the rapid downward flow can be effectively suppressed.

  The levitation tank 10 is provided with a levitation object pot 24 (not shown in FIG. 2) for discharging the levitation substance 23 (so-called scum) that has floated on the liquid surface among the substances to be treated. The levitation tank 10 is provided with a levitated skimmer 20 that scrapes the levitated substance 23 that has levitated to the liquid surface. The levitated skimmer 20 is fixed to the shaft of the motor 26, and the levitated skimmer 20 is rotated by driving the motor 26. The levitated skimmer 20 has scraper portions such as blades and spiral vanes, and the levitated matter 23 is moved radially outward by the flow of the water surface and the movement of the scraper portion, and is collected in the levitated matter pot 24. Further, the levitated pot 24 has a slope extending from the lower surface to the upper surface of the water at the boundary portion of the levitating tank 10 side so that the levitated object 23 that is scraped down falls into the levitated pot 24 from the water surface. Is preferred.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic top view showing an example of the configuration of the floating separation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the motor 26, the levitated skimmer 20, the levitated pot 24, and the like are not shown in order to clarify the structure of the water collecting unit 22. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the levitation chamber 16 (in the levitation tank 10) is partitioned into a vertical upper part 28a and a lower part 28b by the water collecting part 22, and as shown in FIG. 3, the upper part 28a and the lower part 28b. A water passage 33 through which treated water flows. A water collection port 22 a for collecting treated water is formed in the water collection unit 22. The water collection port 22a in the present embodiment is formed on the lower portion 28b side. Further, the water collection unit 22 is connected to a treated water discharge pipe 38 that constitutes the discharge unit 14.

  The water collecting section 22 has a structure that partitions the floating chamber 16 so that water can flow through the upper portion 28a and the lower portion 28b. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the water collecting section 22 has a plurality of annular water collecting pipes 29 each having a water collecting port 22 a formed on the lower portion 28 b side and arranged in the radial direction of the floating chamber 16 at a predetermined interval. Is formed. The gap between the water collecting pipes 29, the gap between the water collecting pipe 29 and the peripheral wall 10a, and the gap between the water collecting pipe 29 and the guide cylinder 30 serve as a water passage portion 33 through which treated water flows between the upper portion 28a and the lower portion 28b. . FIG. 4 is a schematic top view showing an example of the configuration of a levitation separation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the water collecting part 22 may be formed by arranging a plurality of straight water collecting pipes 29 having a water collecting port 22a formed on the lower portion 28b side with a predetermined interval. The water collecting pipe 29 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 communicates with the treated water outlet pipe 38, and the treated water collected from the water collection port 22 a passes through the water collecting pipe 29 and is discharged to the treated water outlet pipe 38.

  Here, the shape of the water collecting pipe 29 used for forming the water collecting portion 22 is not particularly limited. FIGS. 5A to 5C are schematic views showing an example of the shape of the radial cross section of the water collecting pipe constituting the water collecting portion. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the shape of the radial cross section of the water collecting pipe 29 constituting the water collecting portion 22 may be a polygon such as a circle or a triangle. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5C, the material to be treated is prevented from depositing on the water collection pipe 29 on the upper side of the water collection pipe 29 constituting the water collection section 22, that is, on the upper portion 28a side of the floating chamber 16. An accumulation prevention plate 32 may be provided. The deposition preventing plate 32 only needs to have a shape that makes it difficult for the material to be treated to deposit on the water collection pipe 29. For example, as shown in FIG. 5C, the deposition preventing plate 32 is tapered toward the lower portion 28b of the levitation chamber. Examples include the expanding shape.

  As described above, the floating chamber 16 is divided into the upper part 28a and the lower part 28b by the water collecting part 22, but when the water collecting part 22 is installed near the liquid level, the levitated object 23 that has floated to the liquid level is treated. The water is taken in from the water collection port 22a together with the water, and there is a risk of deteriorating the quality of the treated water. Moreover, when the water collection part 22 is installed in the bottom part of the floating chamber 16 (bottom part 10b of the levitation tank 10), the sediment which settled on the bottom part will be taken in from the water collection port 22a with treated water, and the quality of treated water will deteriorate. There is a risk of causing it. Therefore, it is preferable that the water collection part 22 is installed in the position where the levitated material 23 and the sediment are not taken in from the water collection port 22a.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a plurality of water collection ports 22 a formed in the water collection unit 22 are provided from the peripheral wall of the floating chamber 16 to the center (from the peripheral wall 10 a to the center of the floating tank 10). With the above configuration, the downflow of the treated water flowing from the upper portion 28a to the lower portion 28b of the levitation chamber 16 is not only the downward flow flowing along the peripheral wall of the levitation chamber 16 (the peripheral wall 10a of the levitation tank 10), but also levitated from above the peripheral wall 10a. Since the downward flow flowing toward the lower center of the chamber 16 is also formed, the entire levitation chamber 16 can be used for the levitation process.

  The opening direction of the water collecting port 22a may be any direction such as the upper 28a side and the lower 28b side of the floating chamber 16. However, when the opening direction of the water collection port 22a is set to the upper part 28a side, the sediment that precipitates on the water collection unit 22 is likely to be taken in from the water collection port 22a, which may deteriorate the quality of the treated water. Therefore, the opening direction of the water collection port 22a is preferably on the lower portion 28b side of the floating chamber 16. The shape of the water collection port 22a is not particularly limited as long as the treated water can be collected, and examples thereof include a circular shape, a polygonal shape, and a slit shape.

  The inflow portion 12 includes a guide cylinder 30 and an introduction pipe 31 provided in the guide cylinder 30. A treated water inflow pipe 34 is connected to the introduction pipe 31, and the introduction pipe 31 extends from the pit 18 formed in the center of the bottom 10 b of the levitation tank 10 into the levitation tank 10. A pressurized water inflow pipe 36 is connected to the treated water inflow pipe 34. The guide cylinder 30 provided in the floating tank 10 is fixed to the bottom 10b and the peripheral wall 10a with a frame or the like. Further, the guide tube 30 may be suspended from above. By providing the guide tube 30, the water to be treated and the pressurized water supplied from the introduction pipe 31 can be uniformly introduced from the central portion of the levitation tank 10.

  The inflow portion 12 of the present embodiment opens at the upper portion 28a of the levitation chamber 16, and supplies water to be treated (mixed with pressurized water) from the opening to the upper portion 28a of the levitation chamber 16. Here, when the inflow part 12 is comprised from the guide cylinder 30 and the introductory pipe 31 like this embodiment, the opening part 30a of the guide cylinder 30 should just open at the upper part 28a. The inflow part 12 of this embodiment does not necessarily need to be provided with the guide cylinder 30. For example, the inflow portion 12 may be configured only from the introduction pipe 31. In this case, the opening 31a of the introduction pipe 31 needs to open at the upper part 28a.

  The position of the opening of the inflow portion 12 (in FIG. 1, the opening 30a of the guide tube 30) is not particularly limited as long as it is vertically above the upper portion 28a of the levitation chamber 16, that is, the water collection portion 22. However, if the position of the opening of the inflow portion 12 is near the liquid level, the water to be treated supplied from the opening of the inflow portion 12 spouts up to the liquid surface, disturbs the liquid surface, and floats to the liquid surface. There is a risk of re-sedimentation of the object 23.

  The discharge unit 14 includes a treated water extraction pipe 38, a water level adjustment tank 40, and a treated water discharge pipe 42. One end of the treated water outlet pipe 38 is connected to the water collecting section 22, and the other end of the treated water outlet pipe 38 is connected to the inlet of the water level adjusting tank 40. A treated water discharge pipe 42 is connected to the outlet of the water level adjustment tank 40.

  Next, an example of the operation method by the levitation separator according to the present embodiment will be described. First, water to be treated is caused to flow in from the water to be treated inflow pipe 34 and pressurized water in which a gas is dissolved under high pressure from the pressure water inflow pipe 36. Pressurized water is generated by introducing a portion of treated water into a pressurized tank, where air is dissolved under high pressure.

  The pressurized water that passes through the pressurized water inflow pipe 36 is mixed with the treated water that passes through the treated water inflow pipe 34. A mixed liquid comprising treated water and pressurized water is supplied from the treated water inflow pipe 34 to the introduction pipe 31. The water to be treated and the pressurized water are supplied into the guide tube 30 from the opening 31 a of the introduction pipe 31 through the introduction pipe 31. The treated water and pressurized water supplied into the guide cylinder 30 (ascending toward the liquid level of the levitation chamber 16) flow into the upper portion 28a of the levitation chamber 16 from the opening 30a of the guide cylinder 30. Since the upper part 28a of the levitation chamber 16 (and in the guide cylinder 30) is in an atmospheric pressure state, the gas dissolved in the pressurized water is precipitated as bubbles, and becomes a substance to be treated (SS component, oil, etc.) in the treated water. It adheres and the material to be treated floats and is separated. The material to be treated (the levitated material 23) that has floated in this manner is collected in the levitated material pot 24 by the levitated material skimmer 20. The float 23 collected in the float pot 24 is discharged from a float discharge pipe 44 (shown in FIG. 1) connected to the discharge port of the float pot 24. The method of generating bubbles is not limited to the method using pressurized water as described above, but may be a method of adding a bubble generating agent such as a surfactant to the water to be treated. . Alternatively, a whole-pressure method may be employed in which the water to be treated itself is introduced into an air dissolution tank and air is directly dissolved in the water to be treated.

  When the water to be treated supplied from the opening 30a of the guide cylinder 30 to the upper portion 28a of the levitation tank 10 reaches the peripheral wall of the levitation chamber 16 (the peripheral wall 10a of the levitation tank 10), it becomes a downward flow that flows along the peripheral wall 10a. . Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the opening 30a of the guide cylinder 30 is opened vertically upward at the center of the upper portion 28a of the floating chamber 16, and the peripheral wall 10a is cylindrical. With the above configuration, the water to be treated becomes a dispersed flow that flows while spreading radially and reaches the peripheral wall 10a. As a result, the flow of the water to be treated supplied from the opening 30a becomes gentle before reaching the peripheral wall 10a of the levitation tank 10, and the downward flow of the water to be treated flowing along the peripheral wall 10a also becomes gentle. Therefore, deterioration of the quality of the treated water caused by the rapid downward flow is suppressed.

  Here, the shape of the opening of the inflow portion 12 (in FIG. 1, the opening 30a of the guide tube 30) is not particularly limited, but the water to be treated supplied from the opening of the inflow portion 12 is dispersed radially. From the viewpoint of facilitating this, it is preferable that the upper portion of the upper portion spreads in a tapered shape. In addition, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the opening of the inflow portion 12 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a floating chamber 16 in that the flow rate of water to be treated flowing through the inflow portion 12 can be appropriately controlled. It is good to set it as the range of 1 / 20-1 / 8 of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the horizontal chamber of the floating chamber 16 more preferably. When the horizontal cross-sectional area of the opening of the inflow portion 12 is smaller than 1/30 of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the levitation chamber 16, the flow rate of the water to be treated when exiting the inflow portion 12 is increased. The flow rate of the water to be treated flowing from the opening toward the peripheral wall 10a is also increased, the liquid level of the floating chamber 16 is likely to be disturbed, and the floating object 23 that has floated on the liquid level may be re-settling. There is. Moreover, if the horizontal cross-sectional area of the opening of the inflow portion 12 is larger than 1/3 of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the floating chamber 16, it becomes difficult to secure the area of the floating chamber 16, and the water area load of the floating separator is large. Therefore, efficient levitation processing cannot be performed.

  In the present embodiment, the treated water existing in the upper portion 28a of the floating chamber 16 flows toward the water collection port 22a formed from the peripheral wall of the floating chamber 16 to the center. Therefore, the downflow of the treated water flowing from the upper portion 28a to the lower portion 28b is not only the downward flow flowing along the peripheral wall of the levitation chamber 16 (the peripheral wall 10a of the levitation tank 10), but also the downward flow flowing from the upper peripheral wall 10a toward the lower center. A flow is also formed. As a result, the entire upper portion 28a of the levitation chamber 16 can be used for the levitation separation process, and the processing capacity can be improved. In addition, a material to be treated (precipitate) having a high specific gravity that cannot float even if bubbles are attached, or a material to be treated to which bubbles are not sufficiently adhered are locally precipitated at the bottom below the peripheral wall 10a. And settles to the entire bottom. As described above, since the entire floating chamber 16 can be used effectively in removing the substance to be processed, the apparatus can be downsized and the high-speed processing of the floating separation apparatus can be performed.

  When the treated water in the upper portion 28a of the floating chamber 16 is collected from the water collection port 22a, it passes through the water passage 33 and is supplied to the lower portion 28b of the floating chamber 16. In addition, when the water collection port 22a is formed in the upper part 28a side, a part of the treated water of the upper part 28a of the floating chamber 16 is collected from the water collection port 22a without passing the water flow part 33. . Here, the ratio of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow portion 33 and the horizontal cross-sectional area of the floating chamber 16 where the water flow portion 33 is formed (the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow portion 33 / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the floating chamber 16) is , Preferably in the range of 0.24 to 0.75, and more preferably in the range of 0.4 to 0.6. If the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow portion 33 / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the levitation chamber 16 is smaller than 0.24, the flow rate of the treated water passing through the water flow portion 33 is increased when the water area load of the levitation separator is increased. Therefore, the material to be treated on the upper 28a side flows into the lower 28b side and is taken into the water collecting port 22a, which may deteriorate the quality of the treated water. Further, if the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow section 33 / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the levitation chamber 16 is larger than 0.75, when the water area load of the levitation separator is increased, the treated water flowing from the upper part 28a to the lower part 28b is lowered. Of the flow, it is difficult to form a downward flow that flows from the upper part of the peripheral wall 10a to the lower part of the center, so that it becomes difficult to use the entire floating chamber 16 for the floating separation process, and the processing capacity may be reduced.

  The treated water collected from the water collection port 22 a passes through the water collection pipe 29 and is supplied to the treated water extraction pipe 38. Then, the treated water passes through the treated water take-out pipe 38 and is supplied to the water level adjustment tank 40. A movable weir 41 is provided in the water level adjustment tank 40. By adjusting the height of the movable weir 41, the water level in the floating chamber 16 can be adjusted, and the water level in the floating tank 10 is adjusted to a water level suitable for discharging the floating material 23 to the floating material pot 24. Then, the treated water is discharged from the outlet of the water level adjustment tank 40 to the treated water discharge pipe 42. It is also possible to raise the movable weir 41 intermittently, thereby causing the floating material 23 on the liquid surface of the floating chamber 16 to overflow into the floating material pot 24.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a levitation separator according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic top view showing an example of the configuration of a flotation separation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the levitation separation apparatus 2 shown in FIG. 6, the peripheral wall 50 a of the levitation tank 50 is rectangular, and the inside of the levitation tank 50 is partitioned into an inflow chamber 52 (inflow portion) and a levitation chamber 54 by an upper open partition 50 b. . As shown in FIG. 6, the levitation chamber 54 is partitioned into a vertical upper part 28a and a lower part 28b by a water collecting part 56, and treated water flows between the upper part 28a and the lower part 28b as shown in FIG. It has the water flow part 58 to do. The treated water inflow pipe 34 is connected to the inflow chamber 52. A pit 18 is provided at the bottom of the levitation chamber 54 to collect deposits of the material to be treated. A deposit discharge pipe 19 is connected to the deposit outlet of the pit 18. The discharge unit 14 includes a treated water extraction pipe 38, a water level adjustment tank 40, and a treated water discharge pipe 42, and one end of the treated water extraction pipe 38 is connected to the water collection unit 56. The end is connected to the inlet of the water level adjustment tank 40. A treated water discharge pipe 42 is connected to the outlet of the water level adjustment tank 40.

  The water collecting part 56 is formed by arranging a plurality of straight water collecting pipes 60 each having a water collecting port 56a formed on the lower part 28b side at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the floating chamber 54. A gap between the water collecting pipes 60 and a gap between the water collecting pipe 60 and the peripheral wall 50a serve as a water passing portion 58 through which treated water flows between the upper portion 28a and the lower portion 28b. The water collecting section 56 includes a collecting pipe 62 that collects treated water passing through the collecting pipe 60, and the treated water take-out pipe 38 is connected to the collecting pipe 62. The water collecting pipe 60 extends from the outside of the floating tank 50 into the floating tank 50 and is connected to the collecting pipe 62 outside the floating tank 50, but the collecting pipe 62 is provided in the floating tank 50, that is, in the floating chamber 54. The water collecting pipe 60 and the collecting pipe 62 may be connected to each other in the floating chamber 54. As described above, the configuration of the water collecting portion 56 is limited to the above as long as the water collecting portion 56 is configured to partition the floating chamber 54 so that water can be passed through the upper portion 28a and the lower portion 28b. It is not a thing.

  In the levitation separating apparatus 2 shown in FIG. 6, a sediment squeezing machine 63 that squeezes the sediment deposited on the bottom of the levitation chamber 54, and scrapes the sediment deposited on the water collecting unit (not shown). A water collecting unit scraper and a levitated skimmer are provided to discharge downward from the unit.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the sediment scraper 63 includes two rollers 65a and 65b arranged at a predetermined interval at the bottom of the floating chamber 54, and an endless belt 66 hung on these rollers 65a and 65b. And a scraper portion such as a blade formed on the endless belt 66. A motor (not shown) is connected to one of the two rollers 65a and 65b. When the motor is driven, the rollers 65a and 65b and the endless belt 66 are rotated. Then, by the scraper portion formed on the endless belt 66, the sediment deposited on the bottom of the floating chamber 54 is scraped to the pit 18. A water collecting unit scraper and a float skimmer (not shown) having the same configuration as the above-described sediment scraper 63 are installed on the water collecting unit and the liquid level of the floating chamber, respectively. The sediment scraper 63 can scrape the bottom of the floating chamber 54, and the water collecting unit scraper scrapes the sediment on the water collecting unit 56 and discharges it downward from the water flow unit 58. The float skimmer is not necessarily limited to the above configuration as long as the float skimmer can scrape the float.

  Conventionally, periodic maintenance is required to clean the sediment. However, by providing the sediment scraper 63 and a water collecting unit scraper (not shown), the bottom of the floating chamber 54 and the water collecting unit 56 are provided. This reduces the number of maintenance operations for cleaning the sediment that has settled on the surface, and enables long-term continuous operation of the apparatus.

  Next, an example of the operation method by the levitation separator according to the present embodiment will be described. In the levitation separator 2, the pressurized water and the water to be treated that have flowed into the inflow chamber 52 from the to-be-treated water inflow pipe 34 rise toward the liquid surface, and the upper portion of the adjacent floating chamber 54 from the opening 52 a of the inflow chamber 52. It flows into 28a. In the upper part 28 a of the levitation chamber 54, the substance to be treated in the treated water floats on the liquid surface as a floating substance, and the treated water from which the floating substance has been removed flows toward the water collection port 56 a provided in the water collection unit 56.

  The treated water present in the upper part 28a of the floating chamber 54 flows from the peripheral wall of the floating chamber 54 (the peripheral wall 50a of the floating tank 50) toward the water collection port 56a formed from the center. Therefore, the downflow of the treated water flowing from the upper part 28a to the lower part 28b is not only a downward flow flowing along the peripheral wall 50a opposite to the partition wall 50b, but also from the upper part of the peripheral wall 50a opposite to the partition wall 50b to the lower center and upper part of the peripheral wall 50a. A downward flow that flows downward from the partition wall 50b is also formed. As a result, the entire upper part 28a of the levitation chamber 54 can be used for the levitation separation process, and the sediment can be settled on the entire bottom part of the lower part 28b. Therefore, it is possible to downsize the apparatus and perform high-speed processing of the floating separation apparatus.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of a flotation separation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. The floating separator 3 shown in FIG. 8 is obtained by providing the sediment separator 64 and the water collecting unit scraper 68 in the floating separator 1 shown in FIG. In the levitation separator 3 shown in FIG. 8, the same components as those of the levitation separator 1 shown in FIG.

  The sediment scraper 64 is for scraping the sediment deposited on the bottom portion of the floating chamber 16 (the bottom portion 10b of the floating tank 10). The sediment scraper 64 is attached to the guide cylinder 30, and the angle of the sediment scraper 64 is reinforced by the support 69. The guide cylinder 30 is attached to the shaft of the motor 26 and is rotated by driving the motor 26. That is, the sediment scraper 65 is rotated integrally with the guide cylinder 30 by driving the motor 26. As the sediment scraper 64 rotates, the sediment deposited on the bottom 10 b is scraped, collected in the pit 18, and discharged from the sediment discharge pipe 19. In addition, this sediment scraper 64 has scraper parts, such as a blade | wing and a spiral blade, and scrapes a sediment inward by this scraper part.

  Here, in the past, periodic maintenance was required to clean the sediment. However, by providing the sediment scraper 64, the sediment can be efficiently discharged, so the number of maintenance times is reduced. The system can be operated continuously for a long time.

  The water collection unit scraper 68 is for scraping the sediment precipitated on the water collection unit 22 and dropping it downward from the water flow unit. The water collecting unit scraper 68 is attached to the guide cylinder 30 and is rotated integrally with the guide cylinder 30 by driving of the motor 26. As the water collecting unit scraper 68 rotates, the sediment deposited on the water collecting unit 22 is scraped off and discharged from the water passing unit. By providing the water collecting unit scraper 68, the number of maintenance operations for cleaning the water collecting unit 22 is reduced, and the apparatus can be operated continuously for a long time. The catchment scraper 68 also has blades or the like, but the blades do not have to transport sediment in the radial direction. Note that the rotational speeds of the levitated skimmer 20, the sediment scraper 64, and the water collecting unit scraper 68 are not the same, and may be different from each other. However, if the rotation speed is the same, a speed reduction mechanism or the like is unnecessary, and the drive mechanism can be simplified. In particular, it is preferable to set the blade inclination to an appropriate value according to the object.

  Hereinafter, although an example and a comparative example are given and the present invention is explained more concretely in detail, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

  The configuration of the test apparatus used in the following examples and comparative examples will be described. FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a test apparatus used in Examples and Comparative Examples. FIG. 10 is a schematic top view showing the configuration of the test apparatus used in Examples and Comparative Examples. The structure of the floating chamber 54, the inflow chamber 52, the water collection part 56, and the discharge part 14 of the test apparatus 4 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is the same as that of the floating separation apparatus 2 shown in FIGS. Although the number of the water collecting pipes 60 constituting the water collecting portion 56 differs between the example and the comparative example, a maximum of 13 water collecting pipes 60 can be arranged at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the floating chamber 54.

Example 1
In the test apparatus 4 of FIGS. 1, 6 and 11 (shown in FIG. 10), the water collecting pipe 60 was placed, the separation treatment of the water to be treated was performed under the following conditions, and the SS concentration (mg / L) of the treated water after the floating separation was measured. . The water to be treated supplied to the levitation separator was previously agglomerated in a flocculation tank (size: 1000 L, 1000 mmΦ × height 1400 mm). Table 1 summarizes the results of the SS concentration based on the number of water collecting pipes used in Example 1, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow section / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the floating chamber, and each LV.
<Floating separator size>
Floating chamber: Length (D): 1200 mm, Width (W): 500 mm, Height (H) 1500 mm
Upper part: Height (H1) 800mm, Lower part: Height (H2) 500mm
Catch pipe: 65A (outer diameter = 76mm)
Water collection port: 10 mmΦ (The number of water collection ports was adjusted to be 0.75 m ³ / hr per water collection port)
<Test conditions>
Water to be treated: Toda City industrial water added with 10 mg / L of kaolin and 1 mg / L of humin Coagulant used at the time of coagulation treatment: 30 mg / L of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) pH of water to be treated at the time of coagulation: 7 (Addition of HCl and NaOH as pH adjusters)
Water to be treated: 6-18m ³ / hr
Amount of treated water with respect to horizontal cross-sectional area (linear velocity LV): 10, 20, 30 m / h

(Examples 2 to 7)
In Example 2, the water collecting pipe 60 No. 2, 5, 8, 11 and Example 3, No. of the water collecting pipe 60. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and Example 4, the No. 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, and Example 5, No. 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and Example 6, No. 1 to 12 and Example 7 are Nos. The test was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the water collecting pipes 60 were disposed at 1 to 13. Table 1 summarizes the results of the SS concentration based on the number of water collecting pipes used in Examples 2 to 6, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow portion / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the floating chamber, and the LVs.

(Comparative Examples 1 and 2)
Comparative Example 1 is the No. of the water collecting pipe 60. No. 1 and Comparative Example 2 are No. The test was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the test apparatus in which the tube was arranged in 6 was used.

  As in Examples 1 to 6, the floating chamber is partitioned so that water can flow through the upper and lower parts in the vertical direction, and the water collecting port is located in the center from the peripheral wall of the floating chamber (for example, pipes Nos. 1 to 4 and 10 to 13). (For example, in the case of a plurality of devices formed toward pipes Nos. 5 to 9, the water collecting port is only the peripheral wall (tube No. 1) of the floating chamber or the center (tube) as in Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The SS concentration of treated water could be reduced from the apparatus formed only in No. 6). In Examples 2 to 6 in which the ratio of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow portion / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the floating chamber was 0.24 to 0.75, a low SS concentration could be secured even when the LV was increased. . In particular, in Examples 3 and 4 in which the ratio of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow portion / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the floating chamber is 0.49 and 0.62, the SS concentration is suppressed to less than 1 even when the LV is increased to 30. I was able to.

  The test apparatus used in the following examples and comparative examples is the test apparatus 4 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 provided with a sediment scraper 63 shown in FIG.

(Examples 8 to 14)
In Example 8, no. Nos. 1, 6 and 11 and Example 9 show the No. of the water collecting pipe 60. 2, 5, 8, 11 and 10th Embodiment, No. Nos. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and Example 11 show the No. of the water collecting pipe 60. 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, and Example 12 are Nos. 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and Example 13 are Nos. 1 to 12 and Example 14 are Nos. The test was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the water collecting pipe 60 was placed at 1 to 13 and the sedimentation part scraper was operated to discharge the sediment precipitated at the bottom of the floating chamber. Table 2 summarizes the results of the SS concentration based on the number of water collecting pipes used in Examples 8 to 14, the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow portion / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the floating chamber, and each LV.

  When Examples 1-7 are compared with Examples 8-14, even if the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow section / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the floating chamber are the same, by providing a sediment scraper as in Examples 8-14 Furthermore, the SS concentration of treated water could be lowered.

It is a model perspective view which shows an example of a structure of the floating separation apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a schematic cross section which shows an example of a structure of the floating separation apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a schematic top view which shows an example of a structure of the floating separation apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic top view which shows an example of a structure of the floating separation apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. (A)-(C) are schematic diagrams which show an example of the shape of the radial direction cross section of the water collection pipe | tube which comprises a water collection part. It is a schematic cross section which shows an example of a structure of the floating separation apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic top view which shows an example of a structure of the floating separation apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic cross section which shows an example of a structure of the floating separation apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic cross section which shows the structure of the test apparatus used by the Example and the comparative example. It is a model top view which shows the structure of the test apparatus used by the Example and the comparative example. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the conventional floating separation apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the floating separation apparatus of patent document 1.

Explanation of symbols

  1, 2, 3, 5, 6 Levitation separation device, 4 Test device, 10, 50, 70, 90 Levitation tank, 10a, 50a, 90a Perimeter wall, 10b, 70a Bottom portion, 12 Inflow portion, 14 Discharge portion, 16, 54 Floating chamber, 18 pits, 19 Sediment discharge pipe, 20 Floating matter skimmer, 22, 56 Water collecting part, 22a, 56a Water collecting port, 23 Floating object, 24 Floating substance pot, 26 Motor, 28a upper part, 28b lower part, 29, 60, water collecting pipe, 30, 78 guide tube, 30a, 31a, 52a opening, 31, 80 introduction pipe, 32 accumulation prevention plate, 33, 58 water passing part, 34, 82, 102 treated water inflow pipe, 36, 84, 104 Pressurized water inflow pipe, 38 Treated water take-out pipe, 40 Water level adjustment tank, 41 Movable weir, 42, 88, 106 Treated water discharge pipe, 44 Floating matter discharge pipe, 50b, 92a, 92b Partition wall, 52 Inflow chamber, 62 Collecting pipe, 63, 64 Sediment scraper, 65a, 65b Roller, 66 Endless belt, 68 Water collecting portion scraper, 69 Support, 72 Outer peripheral wall, 74 Inner peripheral wall, 76 Treated water chamber , 76a lower end, 86 adjustment tank, 94 first chamber, 96 second chamber, 98 third chamber, 100 rectifying plate, 100a rectifying hole, 105 air dissolution tank, 110 pump, 111 communication pipe.

Claims (5)

A levitation separation device that attaches bubbles to a material to be treated in water to be treated, and separates the material to be treated as a floating material
A levitation chamber, an inflow portion for allowing treated water to flow into the levitation chamber, and a water collection portion having a water collection port for collecting treated water from which the material to be treated is separated,
The levitation chamber is partitioned into a vertical upper part and a lower part by the water collecting part, and has a water flow part through which the treated water flows between the upper part and the lower part,
A plurality of water collection ports provided in the water collection unit are formed from the peripheral wall of the floating chamber to the center,
The inflow portion is opened at the upper portion, and the water to be treated is caused to flow into the upper portion from the opening portion.   The levitation separator according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal cross-sectional area of the water flow portion / the horizontal cross-sectional area of the levitation chamber is in a range of 0.24 to 0.75.   The levitation separation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a sediment squeezer that squeezes out the sediment that has settled at the bottom of the levitation chamber among the substances to be treated.   The levitation separation apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a water collection unit scraper that discharges a sediment precipitated on the water collection unit from the material to be treated downward from the water flow unit. Separation device. The levitation separation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the levitation chamber is cylindrical, and the inflow portion is provided to be rotatable about the center of the levitation chamber,
The sediment separator and the water collecting unit scraper are attached to the inflow part and rotated integrally with the inflow part.

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