JP2010001799A - Burner apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To heat an inlet portion of an oxidation catalyst so as to perform desulfurizing treatment of the inlet portion by a compact burner apparatus that requires only a small amount of fuel and combustion air. <P>SOLUTION: The burner apparatus 16, configured to heat the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14 so as to perform the desulfurizing treatment of the inlet portion, includes an addition valve 17, a turning nozzle 19 having an injection port 18 and a discharge terminal 20 (ignition means). The addition valve 17 is so located on the axis x of the oxidation catalyst 14 as to face the center of the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14, and injects the fuel together with the combustion air. The turning nozzle 19 is mounted on the top end of the addition valve 17 rotatably around the axis x of the oxidation catalyst 14. The turning nozzle 19 is bent in a V shape in such a manner that it extends obliquely with respect to the axis x and returns onto the axis x. The discharge terminal 20 is disposed in the vicinity of the injection port 18 of the turning nozzle 19 so as to ignite the fuel injected from the injection port 18. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a burner device.

  Particulate matter (particulate matter) discharged from a diesel engine is mainly composed of soot made of carbonaceous matter and SOF content (Soluble Organic Fraction) made of high-boiling hydrocarbon components. The composition contains a small amount of sulfate (mist-like sulfuric acid component). As a measure to reduce this type of particulates, a particulate filter is installed in the middle of the exhaust pipe through which the exhaust gas flows. It has been done conventionally.

  This type of particulate filter has a porous honeycomb structure made of ceramics such as cordierite, and the inlets of the flow paths partitioned in a lattice pattern are alternately sealed, and the inlets are not sealed. The outlet of the passage is sealed, and only the exhaust gas that has permeated through the porous thin wall defining each flow passage is discharged downstream, while the particulates in the exhaust gas are porous. It is collected on the inner surface of the thin wall.

  Then, the particulates in the exhaust gas are collected and deposited on the inner surface of the porous thin wall, so that the particulates are appropriately burned and removed before the exhaust resistance increases due to clogging. It is necessary to regenerate, but in normal diesel engine operating conditions, there are few opportunities to obtain exhaust temperatures that are high enough to cause the particulates to self-combust. The curate filter is integrally supported.

  That is, if such a particulate filter carrying an oxidation catalyst is employed, the oxidation reaction of the collected particulates is promoted to lower the ignition temperature, and the particulates are burned and removed even at a lower exhaust temperature than in the past. It becomes possible.

  However, even when such a particulate filter is adopted, the trapped amount exceeds the processing amount of particulates in the operation region where the exhaust temperature is low, so operation at such a low exhaust temperature is required. If the state continues, there is a possibility that the particulate filter will fall into an over trapped state without the regeneration of the particulate filter proceeding well.

  Therefore, a flow-through type oxidation catalyst is attached to the front stage of the particulate filter, and fuel is added to the upstream side of the particulate filter and the particulate filter is forcibly regenerated when the amount of particulate accumulation increases. It is considered.

  In other words, in this way, the hydrocarbon generated by the fuel addition undergoes an oxidation reaction while passing through the oxidation catalyst, and the inflow of exhaust gas heated by the reaction heat raises the bed temperature of the particulate filter immediately after. Thus, the particulates are burned out, and the particulate filter is regenerated.

However, when an oxidation catalyst is attached to the upstream of the particulate filter in this way, if the SO ₂ gas originating from the sulfur content in the fuel (light oil) is present in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine, This SO ₂ gas has the following formula [Chemical Formula 1]
2SO ₂ + O ₂ + 2H ₂ O → 2H ₂ SO ₄
There was a concern that sulfate (mist-like sulfuric acid component) might be generated.

This type of sulfate is desorbed as SO ₂ gas again at a high temperature of about 630 ° C. or higher. However, when high sulfur fuel is used in developing countries, the amount of sulfate produced Because there is too much coking that covers the entire surface of the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst in a short period of time, there is a possibility that the function of the oxidation catalyst cannot be exhibited and the particulate filter cannot be regenerated. A desulfurization means in which a burner device is provided at the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst, the temperature of the exhaust gas is significantly raised by the flame of the burner device, and the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst is heated by flowing this high-temperature exhaust gas Is being considered.

Prior art document information relating to a technique for heating this type of catalyst or exhaust gas using a burner device includes the following Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
JP-A-5-86845 JP-A-6-167212

  However, it is inevitable that the burner device having the ability to heat all the exhaust gas flowing into the oxidation catalyst at the same time will increase in size, and a large amount of fuel is required for its combustion, resulting in a significant deterioration in fuel consumption. There is a problem of inviting.

  Also, since a large amount of combustion air is required, it is necessary to take measures to branch the intake air from the compressor outlet of the turbocharger. In this way, the intake air is branched and guided from the compressor outlet. Such a flow path change accompanying such a large-scale piping modification results in a significant increase in implementation cost.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is intended to be able to desulfurize the inlet portion by heating the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst with a compact burner apparatus that requires only a small amount of fuel and combustion air. It is an object.

  The present invention is a burner device for heating an inlet portion of an oxidation catalyst to desulfurize the inlet portion, and is disposed on the axis x of the oxidation catalyst so as to face the center of the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst. An addition valve for injecting fuel together with combustion air, and a tip of the addition valve so as to be pivotable about the axis x of the oxidation catalyst and extending obliquely with respect to the axis x and then the axis x A revolving nozzle that bends in a V-shape so as to return upward and opens the injection port; and an ignition means that is disposed in the vicinity of the injection port of the revolving nozzle and that ignites the fuel injected from the injection port. It is characterized by.

  Thus, when the fuel is injected together with combustion air by the addition valve while the swirling nozzle is swirling and the injected fuel is ignited by the igniting means, a flame is generated around the axis of the oxidation catalyst with the ignition point as the center of immobilization. Thus, the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst can be directly heated locally while changing its position in the turn direction of the turning nozzle.

As a result, the entire area in the circumferential direction of the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst is heated to about 630 ° C. or more by the flame swirling around the axis of the oxidation catalyst, and the sulfate accumulated therein is desorbed as SO ₂ gas, and the oxidation catalyst The desulfurization process of an inlet part will be achieved.

  Further, in the present invention, the flame divided into the swirling direction of the swirl nozzle and received from the revolving nozzle so that the flame can be individually received between the swirl nozzle and the inlet of the oxidation catalyst. It is preferable to dispose a flame guide having a plurality of guide channels so that the oxidation catalyst can be guided to the immediate vicinity of the inlet and then blown out radially outward of the inlet.

  In this way, the flame from the swirling nozzle is individually received in the guide flow path of the flame guide and is appropriately oriented, and the flame guide is heated to contribute to maintaining the ignition of the injected fuel. Furthermore, the swirl nozzle and the ignition means are not directly exposed to the exhaust gas on the oxidation catalyst side, so that the adhesion of soot to the ignition means and the swirl nozzle is greatly suppressed.

  According to the burner device of the present invention described above, various excellent effects as described below can be obtained.

  (I) According to the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention, the ignition point is determined as one point, the flame is swung around the axis of the oxidation catalyst, and the inlet portions of the oxidation catalyst are sequentially positioned in the swirling direction of the swirling nozzle. By directly heating locally while changing the temperature, the entire area in the circumferential direction of the inlet of the oxidation catalyst can be heated to about 630 ° C or higher for desulfurization, so a small amount of fuel and combustion air are required. The inlet part of the oxidation catalyst can be heated by a simple burner device to perform the desulfurization process of the inlet part, thereby reducing the fuel required for the desulfurization process and remarkably improving the fuel consumption, as well as the combustion air Even if there is no need to change the flow path that involves extensive piping modifications such as branching the intake air from the outlet of the turbocharger compressor, it can be easily conducted by introducing a small amount of air from an air tank. It is also possible to reduce the strike.

  (II) According to the invention described in claim 2 of the present invention, the inlet of the oxidation catalyst can be efficiently heated by appropriately directing the flame from the swivel nozzle by the guide channel of the flame guide. In addition, the flame guide can be heated to make the injected fuel easier to ignite, and the flame can be stabilized. In addition, the adhesion of soot to the ignition means and swirl nozzle is greatly suppressed, resulting in malfunction. Can be avoided in advance.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 4 show an example of an embodiment for carrying out the present invention. Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 denotes a diesel engine equipped with a turbocharger 2, and intake air 4 guided from an air cleaner 3 is an intake pipe. 5, the intake air 4 sent to the compressor 2 a of the turbocharger 2 and pressurized by the compressor 2 a is sent to the intercooler 6 to be cooled, and the intake air 4 further flows from the intercooler 6 to the intake manifold 7. Is distributed to each cylinder 8 of the diesel engine 1 (the case of in-line 6 cylinders is illustrated in FIG. 1).

  The exhaust gas 9 discharged from each cylinder 8 of the diesel engine 1 is sent to the turbine 2b of the turbocharger 2 via the exhaust manifold 10, and is sent to the exhaust pipe 11 after driving the turbine 2b. However, a filter case 12 is interposed at the end of the exhaust pipe 11, and a catalyst regeneration type particulate filter comprising an oxidation catalyst integrally supported on the rear stage side in the filter case 12. 13 is accommodated.

  This particulate filter 13 has a porous honeycomb structure made of ceramic, and the inlets of the respective flow paths partitioned in a lattice pattern are alternately sealed. The outlet is sealed, and only the exhaust gas 9 that has permeated through the porous thin wall partitioning each flow path is discharged downstream.

  Further, a flow-through type oxidation catalyst 14 is attached to the front stage of the particulate filter 13 in the filter case 12, and the fuel added to the exhaust gas 9 by post injection on the diesel engine 1 side or the like. Oxidized hydrocarbons are heated, the exhaust gas 9 is heated by the reaction heat, the bed temperature of the particulate filter 13 immediately after is raised, the particulates collected here are burned out, and the particulate filter 13 Can be regenerated.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an annular inlet chamber 15 is externally fitted to the front end of the filter case 12, and the diesel engine 1 is positioned at an appropriate position in the circumferential direction of the inlet chamber 15. An exhaust pipe 11 that guides the exhaust gas 9 from the exhaust pipe 11 is connected. The exhaust gas 9 from the exhaust pipe 11 is dispersed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the portion encased by the inlet chamber 15 of the filter case 12. A communication hole 15a for introduction is opened.

  A burner device 16 is provided at the center of the front surface of the filter case 12 so that the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14 can be heated to desulfurize the inlet portion. As shown, the burner device 16 includes an addition valve 17 disposed on the axis x of the oxidation catalyst 14 so as to face the center of the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14, and the oxidation catalyst at the tip of the addition valve 17. A swivel nozzle 19 equipped so as to be able to swivel about the axis line 14 of the fourteen, a discharge terminal 20 (ignition means) disposed in the vicinity of the injection port 18 of the swivel nozzle 19, the swivel nozzle 19 and the oxidation catalyst 14 The flame guide 21 is disposed between the inlet portion and the flame guide 21.

  Here, an air hose 24 led from an air tank 22 (see FIG. 1) through an on-off valve 23 is connected to the base end portion of the addition valve 17, and a pump 26 is connected from a fuel tank 25 (see FIG. 1). A fuel pipe 27 led through the pipe is connected so that fuel can be injected together with combustion air.

  The swivel nozzle 19 has a base end portion rotatably mounted on the tip end portion of the addition valve 17 via a bearing or the like, and driving gear teeth 28 are engraved on the outer periphery of the base end portion. The pinion 29 meshing with the drive gear teeth 28 is driven to rotate by an electric motor 30 so that the pinion 29 can turn around the axis x of the oxidation catalyst 14.

  In addition, the swivel nozzle 19 is formed so as to be inclined with respect to the axis x of the oxidation catalyst 14 and then bent in a V shape so as to return to the axis x, thereby opening the injection port 18. The fuel injected from the injection port 18 is ignited by discharge from the discharge terminal 20.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the flame guide 21 is divided in the swirl direction of the swivel nozzle 19 so as to individually accept the flames from the injection ports 18 of the swirl swivel nozzle 19, and oxidizes the received flame. A plurality of guide passages 31 are provided so that they can be guided to the immediate vicinity of the inlet portion of the catalyst 14 and then blown out radially outward of the inlet portion, and the whole is made of stainless steel having high heat resistance. Yes.

  1 is an EGR pipe for recirculating the exhaust gas 9 from the exhaust side to the intake side, 33 is a water-cooled EGR cooler for cooling a part of the recirculated exhaust gas 9, and 34. Denotes an EGR valve, and reference numerals 35 and 36 in FIG. 3 denote gaskets.

  Thus, while the pinion 29 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 30 and the swivel nozzle 19 is swung via the drive gear teeth 28, fuel is injected together with combustion air by the addition valve 17, and the injected fuel is injected into the injected fuel by the discharge terminal 20. When ignition is performed by discharge, a flame turns around the axis of the oxidation catalyst 14 with the ignition point as a stationary center, and the flame is sequentially received by each guide channel 31 of the flame guide 21, and each guide channel 31. Then, the gas is guided to the vicinity of the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14 and then blown outward in the radial direction of the inlet portion. The position of the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14 is sequentially changed in the turning direction of the turning nozzle 19. It becomes possible to heat directly locally.

As a result, a flame swirling around the axis of the oxidation catalyst 14 heats the entire circumferential area of the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14 to about 630 ° C. or more, and the sulfate accumulated therein is desorbed as SO ₂ gas and oxidized. The desulfurization process of the inlet part of the catalyst 14 will be achieved.

  Further, since the flame guide 21 is disposed between the swivel nozzle 19 and the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14, the flame from the swirl nozzle 19 is individually received by the guide flow path 31 of the flame guide 21 and is appropriate. In addition, the flame guide 21 is heated to contribute to maintaining the ignition of the injected fuel, and the swivel nozzle 19 and the discharge terminal 20 are directly exposed to the exhaust gas 9 on the oxidation catalyst 14 side. As a result, adhesion of soot to the discharge terminal 20 and the swivel nozzle 19 is greatly suppressed.

  Therefore, according to the above embodiment, the ignition point is determined as one point, the flame is swirled around the axis of the oxidation catalyst 14, and the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14 is locally changed while sequentially changing the position in the swirl direction of the swirl nozzle 19. By directly heating the gas, the entire area in the circumferential direction of the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14 can be heated to about 630 ° C. or more to perform the desulfurization process, so that a compact burner device 16 that requires a small amount of fuel and combustion air is sufficient. Thus, the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst 14 can be heated to perform the desulfurization treatment of the inlet portion, thereby reducing the fuel required for the desulfurization treatment and remarkably improving the fuel consumption, and the combustion air can be turbocharged. A small amount of air can be easily introduced from the air tank 22 or the like without changing the flow path with a major pipe modification such as branching the intake 4 from the outlet of the compressor 2a of the charger 2. Ukoto can be in can also be reduced implementation cost.

  In addition, since the flame guide 21 is disposed between the swivel nozzle 19 and the inlet of the oxidation catalyst 14, the flame from the swivel nozzle 19 is appropriately directed by the guide flow path 31 of the flame guide 21, and the oxidation catalyst. 14 can be efficiently heated, and the flame guide 21 can be heated to make the injected fuel easier to ignite, so that the flame can be stabilized. In addition, the adhesion of soot to the revolving nozzle 19 can be significantly suppressed, and the occurrence of malfunction can be avoided in advance.

Note that the burner apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The oxidation catalyst targeted by the present invention is a catalyst for oxidizing sulfate by oxidizing SO ₂ gas when high sulfur fuel is used. All catalysts with oxidation promotion performance that are generated are included, and any catalyst with this kind of oxidation promotion performance is the same even if it is called a three-way catalyst or NOx storage reduction catalyst. Of course, the flame guide may be additionally provided as necessary, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the form which implements this invention. It is the perspective view which fractured | ruptured a part which shows the detail of the inlet chamber of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the detail of the burner apparatus of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the detail of the flame guide of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Exhaust gas 11 Exhaust pipe 14 Oxidation catalyst 16 Burner apparatus 17 Addition valve 18 Injection port 19 Turning nozzle 20 Discharge terminal (ignition means)
21 Flame guide x Oxidation catalyst axis

Claims (2)

  A burner device for heating an inlet portion of an oxidation catalyst to desulfurize the inlet portion, disposed on the axis x of the oxidation catalyst so as to face the center of the inlet portion of the oxidation catalyst, and burning fuel An addition valve that is injected together with the working air, and is provided at the tip of the addition valve so as to be pivotable about the axis x of the oxidation catalyst and extends obliquely with respect to the axis x and then returns to the axis x A revolving nozzle that is bent in a V shape and opens an injection port, and an ignition means that is disposed in the vicinity of the injection port of the revolving nozzle and ignites fuel injected from the injection port. Burner device.   Between the swirl nozzle and the inlet of the oxidation catalyst, the swirl nozzle is divided in the swirl direction so that the flame can be individually received from the injection nozzle of the swirl nozzle, and the received flame is disposed in the immediate vicinity of the inlet of the oxidation catalyst. 2. The burner device according to claim 1, wherein a flame guide having a plurality of guide channels is disposed so that the guide can be blown out radially outward of the inlet portion.

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