JP2010001677A - House with reduced heating and cooling loads - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a house with reduced heating and cooling loads, which can cope with requirements of energy saving and reduce costs necessary for heating and cooling, by easing temperature change in a room space throughout the year. <P>SOLUTION: In construction of the house, a ceiling material 18 containing only a latent heat storage material for a high-temperature area, as the latent heat storage material, is employed for the ceiling 12, and a floor material 28 containing only a latent heat storage material for a low-temperature area, as the latent heat storage material, is employed for a floor 14. Herein the latent heat storage material for the low-temperature area is lower in fusing point than the latent heat storage material for the high-temperature area. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating / cooling load reduction house that provides a comfortable room space with little temperature change throughout the year.

  The temperature of the room space in the house is mainly adjusted by heating and cooling equipment, but in order to meet the demand for energy saving and reduce the cost of heating and cooling, there are various ways to improve the efficiency of heating and cooling. As one of them, it has been proposed to use a latent heat storage material as a building material to alleviate temperature changes in the room space (for example, Patent Document 1).

  The “latent heat storage material” is also called PCM (Phase Change Material), and is a heat storage material that uses latent heat when a substance undergoes a phase change from a solid phase to a liquid phase, or from a liquid phase to a solid phase. That is, when the temperature of the solid-phase latent heat storage material rises and reaches its melting point (determined arbitrarily by selection of the raw material of the latent heat storage material), the latent heat storage material begins to melt and absorbs the heat of fusion from the outside. To do. Conversely, when the temperature of the liquid phase latent heat storage material drops and reaches the freezing point, solidification begins and the heat of solidification is released to the outside. Note that although there are some exceptions, the melting point and the freezing point generally coincide with each other, so the following description will be made using “melting point”.

  By using such a latent heat storage material as a building material, for example, in the summer, when the temperature of the solid phase latent heat storage material rises and reaches its melting point, the phase change to the liquid phase begins, and all the latent heat storage materials Until the phase changes to the liquid phase, the heat received by the latent heat storage material is used as the heat of fusion, so the temperature of the latent heat storage material does not become higher than the melting point. Thus, although the outside air temperature is higher than the melting point of the latent heat storage material, the temperature of the latent heat storage material maintains the temperature of the melting point, so that an increase in room temperature can be suppressed. In addition, when the outside air temperature is still higher than the melting point at the stage where all the latent heat storage materials have changed to the liquid phase, the temperature of the latent heat storage materials will rise again. In addition, the latent heat storage material in a liquid phase returns to the solid phase while releasing solidification heat to the outside when the outside air temperature becomes lower than the melting point of the latent heat storage material at night.

  In winter, a latent heat storage material (= low temperature region) having a lower melting point than the latent heat storage material (= high temperature region) used in summer described above is used. In winter, when the temperature of the room space is increased by heating facilities or solar radiation, the solid-phase latent heat storage material is heated and changes to the liquid phase, so that the latent heat storage material maintains a constant temperature (= melting point). However, the heat received is stored as melting heat. When the heating equipment is stopped at night, the room temperature decreases. However, when the room temperature becomes lower than the melting point of the latent heat storage material, the latent heat storage material returns to the solid phase while releasing solidification heat to the room space at a constant temperature. For this reason, the fall of room temperature can be suppressed. In addition, when the room temperature is still lower than the melting point at the stage where all the latent heat storage materials have changed to the solid phase, the temperature of the latent heat storage materials will decrease again.

  In other words, building materials that use latent heat storage materials have the effect of reducing the temperature change in the room space, and the air conditioning load is leveled as the temperature change in the room space is reduced. Driving efficiency is improved.

The building material of Patent Document 1 is filled with three types of latent heat storage materials having different melting points in a hollow plate formed of an aluminum plate, and the first latent heat storage material has a melting point in the middle temperature range, The latent heat storage material has a high temperature melting point, and the third latent heat storage material has a low temperature melting point.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-232897

  When the building material of Patent Document 1 is used as a flooring material, a wall material, or a ceiling material, if the addition ratio of the latent heat storage material to the base material becomes too large, a problem arises in the strength of the building material, so the addition ratio of the latent heat storage material Has an upper limit. In the building material of Patent Document 1, since it is necessary to keep the total of the respective addition ratios of the first to third latent heat storage materials having different melting points within the upper limit, an attempt is made to exert the effects of each latent heat storage material evenly. Then, the addition ratio of each latent heat storage material becomes 1/3 of the upper limit.

  Then, the effect of each latent heat storage material is also 1/3 of the effect that can be achieved when one kind of latent heat storage material is added up to the upper limit of the addition ratio, and a sufficient latent heat storage effect is achieved in each temperature range. Can not be.

  That is, according to the above-mentioned example, since only 1/3 of the high-temperature latent heat storage material is added in summer, the outside air temperature is changed from the outside air to the latent heat storage material in a time zone when the outside air temperature is higher than the melting point of the latent heat storage material. Only a part of the given amount of heat can be used as heat of fusion, and the remaining amount of heat is all used to raise the temperature of the latent heat storage material that has changed to the liquid phase. Therefore, there is a high possibility that the room temperature will rise above the melting point of the latent heat storage material, and it will not be possible to meet the demand for energy saving by sufficiently relaxing the temperature change of the room space, and also reduce the cost required for heating and cooling. I couldn't.

  Of course, if the thickness of the building material is tripled, the addition amount of the first to third latent heat storage materials can be tripled respectively. However, since the latent heat storage material is generally expensive, the cost of the building material increases. Because it was too much, it was not realistic.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and its purpose is to reduce the heating / cooling load that can meet the demand for energy saving and reduce the cost required for heating / cooling by relaxing the temperature change of the room space throughout the year. To provide a house.

According to the invention described in claim 1, the ceiling building material 18 including only the latent heat storage material for high-temperature regions as the latent heat storage material is used for the ceiling 12.
The floor building material 28 including only a latent heat storage material for a low temperature region having a melting point lower than that of the latent heat storage material for a high temperature region is used for the floor 14 as the latent heat storage material 10. It is.

  By using the ceiling building material 18 containing a latent heat storage material for high temperature areas on the ceiling 12, the amount of heat flowing into the room space A from the cabin back space B that is most heated by solar radiation or the like is suppressed in the summer, and the room space A The temperature can be prevented from rising excessively. That is, when the temperature of the ceiling building material 18 rises to the melting point of the latent heat storage material for the high temperature region, the heat given to the ceiling 12 thereafter is used as the melting heat of the latent heat storage material, so the temperature of the ceiling building material 18 Does not rise and remains constant. Thus, since the temperature of the ceiling building material 18 maintains the temperature of the melting point of the latent heat storage material, the amount of heat flowing into the room space A can be suppressed, and the temperature of the room space A can be prevented from rising excessively.

  Further, by using the floor building material 28 including a low-temperature latent heat storage material for the floor 14, the amount of heat in the room space A absorbed by the ground where the temperature is lowest is suppressed in winter, and the temperature of the room space A is reduced. Can be prevented from descending rapidly. That is, when the temperature of the room space A is raised above the melting point of the low-temperature latent heat storage material by a heating device or solar radiation, the heat that moves from the room space A to the underfloor space C is included in the floor building material 28. It is stored as the heat of fusion of the latent heat storage material. Then, when the room temperature becomes lower than the melting point of the latent heat storage material when the heating equipment is stopped at night, the latent heat storage material releases the heat of solidification to the room space A without the temperature of the latent heat storage material decreasing below the melting point. However, since it returns to the solid phase, not only can the heat of the room space A escape to the ground via the underfloor space C, but also the room space A can receive the solidification heat from the latent heat storage material. Can be prevented from suddenly decreasing.

  In addition, in this heating / cooling load reduction house 10, only the high-temperature latent heat storage material is used for the ceiling building material 18, so that the ceiling building material 18 can exhibit a sufficient latent heat storage effect at high temperatures. Since the temperature of the outside air is still higher than the melting point of the latent heat storage material for the high temperature region when all the latent heat storage materials have changed to the liquid phase, the temperature of the ceiling building material 18 becomes higher than the melting point of the latent heat storage material. The fear can be minimized.

  Moreover, since only the low-temperature region latent heat storage material is used for the floor building material 28, the floor building material 28 can exhibit a sufficient latent heat storage effect, and all the latent heat storage materials are phase-changed to a solid phase. At this stage, since the temperature of the underfloor space C is still lower than the melting point of the latent heat storage material for the low temperature region, the possibility that the temperature of the floor building material 28 is lower than the melting point of the latent heat storage material can be minimized.

The invention described in claim 2 limits the range of the melting point of the latent heat storage material in the heating / cooling load reducing house described in claim 1, and “the ceiling building material 18 includes Only the latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. is included as the latent heat storage material,
The floor building material 28 includes only a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. as the latent heat storage material for the low temperature region ”.

The invention described in claim 3 relates to a heating / cooling load reduction house according to claim 1 or 2, "The building material for ceiling 18 uses a rock wool board as a base material,
The floor building material 28 uses an insulation board as a base material ”.

  Rock wool boards that are resistant to heat are suitable as the base material of the ceiling building material 18 used for the ceiling 12 that is susceptible to the effects of sunlight and the like, and the temperature changes rapidly. As a base material for the floor building material 28 used for the floor 14 to which a load is applied, an insulation board having excellent strength is suitable. Moreover, according to the rock wool board and the insulation board, in addition to the relaxation of the temperature change of the room space A by the latent heat storage material as described above, the inflow of heat from the cabin space B to the room space A and the room space. The heat of A can be blocked by the rock wool board or the insulation board from being absorbed by the ground via the underfloor space C. Thereby, while the temperature change of the room space A can further be relieve | moderated and energy saving can be advanced further, the expense required for heating / cooling can further be reduced.

  The invention described in claim 4 relates to the heating / cooling load reducing house 10 described in claim 2 or 3, wherein “the building material for wall 34 includes only a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. as the latent heat storage material”. Is further used for the wall 16 ".

  Thus, as a latent heat storage material, a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. (refers to a latent heat storage material having a melting point set to a specific temperature within a range of 11 to 25 ° C .; the same applies throughout this specification). By using the wall building material 34 including only the wall 16 for the wall 16, it is possible to provide the heating / cooling load reducing house 10 suitable for a cold district. That is, in the case of a cold district, a wall containing only the latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. is sufficient for the heat in the summer, and the latent heat storage material for the high temperature region included in the ceiling building material 18 is sufficient. By using the building material 34 for the wall 16 as well as the floor building material 28, not only can the heat of the room space A escape to the outside through the wall 16 in the winter, but the room space A is also a wall. The building material 34 can receive heat of solidification from the latent heat storage material. Thereby, the temperature change of the room space A can be further relieved throughout the year.

  In addition, the difference between the melting point of the latent heat storage material used for the wall building material 34 of the present invention and the melting point of the latent heat storage material used for the floor building material 28 is preferably set as small as possible. The melting points are set to the same temperature.

  The invention described in claim 5 relates to the heating / cooling load reducing house 10 according to claim 2 or 3, wherein “the building material for wall 34 includes only a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. as a latent heat storage material. Is further used for the wall 16 ".

  By using the wall building material 34 containing only the latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. as the latent heat storage material for the wall 16, it is possible to provide the heating / cooling load reduction house 10 suitable for a hot and humid region. That is, in the case of a hot and humid region, contrary to the cold region described above, the latent heat storage material for the low temperature region included in the floor construction material 28 is sufficient for dealing with the cold in the winter, and the melting point is 20 to By using the wall building material 34 containing only the latent heat storage material of 34 ° C. for the wall 16, the temperature of the wall building material 34 becomes the melting point (20 to 34 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material included in the wall building material 34. Since the corresponding temperature is maintained for a certain time, the amount of heat flowing into the room space A from the outside can be suppressed. Thereby, the temperature change of the room space A can be further relieved throughout the year.

  In addition, the difference between the melting point of the latent heat storage material used for the wall building material 34 of the present invention and the melting point of the latent heat storage material used for the ceiling building material 18 is preferably set as small as possible. The melting points are set to the same temperature.

  The invention described in claim 6 relates to the heating / cooling load reducing house 10 described in claim 2 or 3, “As a latent heat storage material, a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. and a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. A wall building material 34 including a latent heat storage material in which the latent heat storage material is equally mixed is further used for the wall 16 ”.

  A wall 16 further includes a latent heat storage material 34 including a latent heat storage material in which a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. and a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. are mixed equally. By using for, the heating / cooling load reduction house 10 suitable for a warm place can be provided. That is, the amount of heat flowing from the outside into the room space A in the summer can be suppressed, and the amount of heat flowing out from the room space A in the winter can be suppressed. Thereby, the temperature change of the room space A can be further relieved throughout the year.

  Moreover, it is preferable to set the difference between the melting point of the latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. used for the wall building material 34 of the present invention and the melting point of the latent heat storage material used for the floor building material 28 as small as possible. More preferably, the melting points of both are set to the same temperature. This is the same between the melting point of the latent heat storage material used for the wall building material 34 of the present invention and the melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. and the melting point of the latent heat storage material used for the ceiling building material 18.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it can prevent that the temperature of room space rises excessively in the summer by exhibiting sufficient latent heat storage effect expected at the time of high temperature for the building material for ceiling and at the low temperature for the floor building material. At the same time, it is possible to prevent the temperature of the room space A from dropping sharply in winter. For this reason, by relaxing the temperature change of the room space throughout the year, it is possible to provide a heating / cooling load reduction house capable of meeting the demand for energy saving and reducing the cost required for heating / cooling.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. The heating / cooling load reducing house 10 to which the present invention is applied and suitable for a cold district includes a ceiling 12, a floor 14, and a wall 16 as shown in FIG. A is configured. Further, a roof 17 is provided on the top of the ceiling 12, and a hut space B is formed between the ceiling 12 and the roof 17. Further, an underfloor space C is formed between the room space A and the ground.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the ceiling 12 is formed by stacking a ceiling building material 18, a gypsum board 20, a moisture-proof sheet 22, and a residential glass wool heat insulating material 24 in the order closer to the room space A.

  The ceiling building material 18 includes only a high-temperature latent heat storage material (having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C.) as a latent heat storage material with respect to a plate-like base material. In this embodiment, the ceiling finish is used. It is used as a material (of course, it can also be used as a ceiling base material). The reason why the melting point of the latent heat storage material is set to 20 to 34 ° C. is to match the assumed temperature of the room space A during cooling use in summer.

  As a base material for the building material 18 for the ceiling, an organic or inorganic molded board such as an insulation board, a rock wool board, a volcanic glassy multilayer board or a gypsum board, etc., regardless of wet molding or dry molding, Anything can be used.

  For example, if it is the building material 18 for ceilings using a rock wool board as a base material, 50-70 weight% mineral fiber, 5-20 weight% inorganic filler, 20-30 weight% latent heat storage material, A rock wool board obtained by wet-making and drying a slurry comprising 5 to 10% by weight of a binder component or the like is used. In addition, in the case of an insulation board, a wood material obtained by wet-making a slurry composed of 60 to 75% by weight of wood fiber, 20 to 30% by weight of a latent heat storage material, 5 to 10% by weight of a binder, and the like, and drying the slurry. Fibreboard is used. In addition to rock wool and wood fiber boards, a content of about 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 20 to 30% by weight of a latent heat storage material is added to materials such as volcanic glassy multilayer boards and gypsum boards. A plate-like body can also be used. These plate-like bodies are fixed to the ceiling portion with nails, staples, screws or the like as the ceiling building material 18. Furthermore, it is preferable to laminate a heat insulating material on the back surface of the ceiling building material 18 (= the surface on the side of the cabin space B).

  In general, the latent heat storage material is made by impregnating a carrier such as calcium paraffin hydrate or porous silica with normal paraffin or inorganic hydrate salt, which is a heat storage material, or a heat storage material in a capsule. The sealed one is used. In this embodiment, a microcapsule encapsulated with normal paraffin is used, but a resin impregnated with the above support impregnated with normal paraffin may be used.

  As the inorganic hydrate salt used for the latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C., for example, calcium chloride hexahydrate having a melting point of about 30 ° C. or sodium sulfate decahydrate having a melting point of about 32 ° C. is used. As normal paraffin, for example, n-octadecane having a melting point of about 28 ° C., n-nonadecane having a melting point of about 32 ° C., and the like are used. Of course, any latent heat storage material having a melting point adjusted to 20 to 34 ° C. by modification or mixing can be used.

  Moreover, as normal paraffin used for the latent heat storage material for low temperature regions mentioned later (in this embodiment, the melting point is 11 to 25 ° C.), for example, n-hexadecane having a melting point of about 18 ° C. or n having a melting point of about 22 ° C. -Heptadecane or the like is used. Of course, any latent heat storage material whose melting point is adjusted to 11 to 25 ° C. by modification or mixing can be used.

  Generally, the strength as a support member is not required for the ceiling building material 18, but if the content ratio of the latent heat storage material is excessively large, the ceiling building material 18 becomes heavy, causing a problem in strength. Therefore, the content ratio of the latent heat storage material is preferably about 5 to 50%.

  If the content ratio is less than 5%, the expected latent heat storage effect is weakened. Conversely, if the content ratio exceeds 50%, the ceiling building material 18 becomes heavy and the strength is weakened at the same time. This is because the ceiling building material 18 may be damaged if it is deformed without being able to withstand its own weight and is severe. Moreover, content of the suitable latent heat storage material is about 20 to 30%.

  The gypsum board 20 is obtained by sandwiching a material made mainly of gypsum into a plate shape and sandwiching it between two thick paper sheets. Since the main component of gypsum is calcium sulfate dihydrate, it contains a large amount of water of crystallization, and when exposed to heat from flames, this water absorbs that heat as heat of vaporization and releases it into the air as vapor. Therefore, it has the property of being resistant to flames and heat.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the floor 14 is formed by laminating a plywood 26, a floor building material 28, a plywood 26, and an extruded polystyrene foam heat insulating plate 32 in the order closer to the room space A.

  The plywood 26 is a wood board in which a plurality of thinly cut single plates are stacked and heat-pressure bonded so that the fiber directions of each single plate are alternated.

  The floor building material 28 includes only a latent heat storage material for a low temperature region (in this embodiment, a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C.) as a latent heat storage material with respect to the plate-shaped base material of the ceiling building material 18 described above. And is used as a floor base material. The reason why the melting point of the latent heat storage material is set to 11 to 25 ° C. is to match the assumed temperature of the room space A when heating is used in winter.

  In general, since the floor building material 28 is often required to have strength as a support member, the content of the latent heat storage material is determined according to the strength required of the floor building material 28. For example, in the case of a wood-based material, 5 to 50% by weight of a latent heat storage material may be added to a papermaking slurry such as an insulation board. Moreover, content of the suitable latent heat storage material is about 20 to 30%.

  The extruded polystyrene foam heat insulating plate 32 is a material obtained by foaming and curing polystyrene with fine bubbles, and is a heat insulating material that is lightweight and excellent in heat insulation, elastic, and excellent in shock absorption.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the wall 16 includes a wall building material 34, a gypsum board 36, a moisture-proof sheet 38, a residential glass wool heat insulating material 40, a volcanic glass multi-layer board (trade name “DAILIGHT”, in order of increasing proximity to the room space A. ], 42, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 44, a ventilation layer 46, and a ceramic siding 48 are laminated.

  The wall building material 34 includes only a latent heat storage material for a low temperature region (in this embodiment, a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C.) as a latent heat storage material with respect to the plate-like base material of the ceiling building material 18 described above. In this embodiment, it is used as a wall finishing material (which can, of course, be used as a wall base material). The reason why the melting point of the latent heat storage material is set to 11 to 25 ° C. is to match the assumed temperature of the room space A when heating is used in winter.

  Generally, since the strength as a support member is often required for the wall building material 34, the content of the latent heat storage material is determined according to the strength required for the wall building material 34. For example, in the case of a volcanic glassy multilayer board which is a bearing wall, for example, 40 to 50% by weight mineral fiber, 20 to 30% by weight inorganic filler, and 5 to 50% by weight latent heat storage material Between front and back layers obtained by wet-making a slurry comprising 5-10 wt% binder, 40-60 wt% volcanic glassy foam, 10-50 wt% latent heat storage material, It is obtained by sanding a core layer composed of 1 to 5% by weight of a binder and 5 to 30% by weight of an inorganic filler, and then hot pressing.

  In the case of a gypsum board with a load bearing wall, it is obtained by mixing 80 to 95% by weight of gypsum and 5 to 30% by weight of a latent heat storage material, sandwiching it between board base papers, and drying and solidifying it. It is done.

  In the case of a non-bearing wall, the amount of the latent heat storage material such as the volcanic glassy multilayer board or the gypsum board can be increased to 10 to 50% by weight.

  Further, in the case of a wooden base material, a 10 to 50% by weight latent heat storage material may be added to a papermaking slurry such as an insulation board.

  The wall building material 34 of the present embodiment is for so-called cold regions (regions I and II according to the regional classifications stipulated in the energy-saving standards of the Building Standards Act). For example, for the V region and the VI region), since the latent heat storage material for the low temperature region arranged on the floor is sufficient to cope with the cold in winter, the wall building material 34 has a latent heat storage material. A wall building material 34 including only a latent heat storage material for a high temperature region (in this embodiment, a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C.) is used.

  In addition, in the case of so-called temperate areas (according to the same category, areas III and IV), it is necessary to consider the heat in the summer and the cold in the winter. As the latent heat storage material, a wall building material 34 including a latent heat storage material in which a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. and a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. are equally divided is used. . Since it is necessary to add at least 5% by weight of one type of latent heat storage material, in this case, the total addition ratio of the two types of latent heat storage material is in the range of 10 to 50% by weight.

  The ceramic siding 48 is formed in a plate shape using cement and fiber as main raw materials.

  Next, the effect of this heating / cooling load reduction house 10 is demonstrated. In the heating / cooling load reducing house 10, the summer is mainly intended to shield the heat from the back space B to the room space A. That is, the solar radiation in the summer and the heat from the outside air raise the temperature of the attic space B through the roof 17, and the temperature of the building material 18 for the ceiling rises accordingly, but the temperature of the building material 18 for the ceiling is high. When the temperature rises to the melting point (20-34 ° C.) of the latent heat storage material, the heat given to the ceiling building material 18 from the cabin space B thereafter is used as the heat of fusion of the latent heat storage material. The temperature does not increase and becomes constant. Thus, since the temperature of the roof building material 18 maintains the temperature of the melting point of the latent heat storage material, the temperature of the roof space B is higher than the melting point of the latent heat storage material. The amount of heat flowing into can be suppressed.

  Further, since only the high-temperature latent heat storage material is used for the ceiling building material 18, the ceiling building material 18 can exhibit a sufficient latent heat storage effect, and all the latent heat storage materials are in a liquid phase. Since the temperature of the attic space B is still higher than the melting point at the changed stage, the possibility that the temperature of the ceiling building material 18 becomes significantly higher than the melting point of the latent heat storage material can be minimized.

  On the other hand, it is necessary to prevent cold air from the ground from entering the room space A via the underfloor space C (in other words, the heat of the room space A escapes to the ground via the floor 14 and the underfloor space C) in winter. There is. When the temperature of the room space A is raised above the melting point (11 to 25 ° C.) of the low-temperature latent heat storage material by a heating device or solar radiation, the heat from the room space A is latent heat contained in the floor building material 28. Heat is stored as the heat of fusion of the heat storage material. And even if the heating equipment is stopped at night and the room temperature becomes lower than the melting point of the latent heat storage material, the latent heat storage material releases the solidification heat to the room space A while maintaining the temperature corresponding to the melting point for a certain time. However, since it returns to the solid phase, not only can the heat of the room space A escape to the ground via the underfloor space C, but the room space A can receive the heat of solidification from the latent heat storage material.

  Moreover, since only the low-temperature region latent heat storage material is used for the floor building material 28, the floor building material 28 can exhibit a sufficient latent heat storage effect, and all the latent heat storage materials are phase-changed to a solid phase. At this stage, since the temperature under the floor is still lower than the melting point of the latent heat storage material for the low temperature region, the possibility that the temperature of the floor building material 28 becomes significantly lower than the melting point of the latent heat storage material can be minimized.

  As described above, the wall building material 34 of the present embodiment is for cold districts in which only 5 to 50% by weight of the low-temperature region latent heat storage material is included, and thus is similar to the above-described floor building material 28. Furthermore, not only can the heat of the room space A escape to the outside through the wall 16, but the room space A can receive solidification heat from the latent heat storage material of the wall building material 34. Thereby, the temperature change of the room space A can further be relieved.

  Moreover, it is suitable for the building material 34 for walls to change the latent heat storage material component to be used according to the area division defined by the energy-saving standard of the Building Standard Act.

  In other words, in cold regions (region I and region II), as described above, in the hot and humid regions (regions V and VI), consideration is given to the heat in the summer. 34 contains only 5 to 50% by weight of a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. as a latent heat storage material component. Thereby, since the temperature of the building material 34 for walls maintains the temperature corresponding to melting | fusing point (20-34 degreeC) of the latent heat storage material for high temperature regions contained in the building material 34 for walls for a fixed time, the room space A from the outside The amount of heat flowing into can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, since it is necessary to consider heat and cold in the temperate regions (III region and IV region), the wall building material 34 for the temperate region has a latent heat with a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. as a latent heat storage material component. The latent heat storage material in which the heat storage material and the latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. are mixed in equal parts is included in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight as the total addition ratio of these two types of latent heat storage materials. Accordingly, the amount of heat flowing from the outside into the room space A in the summer can be suppressed, and the amount of heat flowing out from the room space A to the ground via the underfloor space C in the winter can be suppressed.

  In addition, when using the wall building material 34 for cold districts, the heating temperature in the room space A is set within a range of 2.0 ° C. above and below the melting point of the latent heat storage material included in the wall building material 34. It is preferable to do. Moreover, when using the building material for walls 34 for a humid region, the cooling temperature in the room space A is set within a range of 2.0 ° C. above and below the melting point of the latent heat storage material included in the building material for walls 34. It is preferable to do. Further, when the wall building material 34 for a warm region is used, the cooling temperature in the room space is set up and down centered on the melting point of the latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. contained in the wall building material. It is preferable that the temperature is set within a range of 0 ° C. and the heating temperature is set within a range of 2.0 ° C. above and below the melting point of the latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C.

  Thus, by setting the heating and cooling temperatures around the melting point of the latent heat storage material contained in the wall building material 34, the temperature of the wall building material 34 and the set temperature of the room space A are substantially equal to each other for a certain time. Be the same. For this reason, the operating time of a heating apparatus or a cooling device can be reduced, and energy saving can be achieved effectively.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

  The annual heating / cooling load of the heating / cooling load reducing house of the present invention and the conventional house was calculated using the calculation software “THERB for HAM”. The house model used for the calculation is the single room model (3.64m x 5.46m x 2.5m) shown in Fig. 1. The heat insulation performance is equivalent to the next-generation energy-saving standards (however, the solar radiation shield at the opening is a lace curtain), The ventilation frequency was 0.5 times / hour.

  The heating period was from November to April, the set temperature was 18 ° C., the cooling period was from 5 to October, and the set temperature was 27 ° C. The Amedas weather data standard year was used for the weather data.

(Example 1) Assumed area: Sapporo City The ceiling building material has a density of 340 kg / m ³ , a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK, a melting point of the latent heat storage material of 27 ° C. (± 3.5 ° C.), and the inclusion of the latent heat storage material. The proportion is 20% by weight.
The floor building material has a density of 340 kg / m ³ , a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK, a melting point of the latent heat storage material of 18 ° C. (± 3.5 ° C.), and the content ratio of the latent heat storage material is 20% by weight.
The building material for walls has a density of 340 kg / m ³ , a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK, a melting point of the latent heat storage material of 18 ° C. (± 3.5 ° C.), and the content ratio of the latent heat storage material is 20% by weight.
(Comparative example 1) Assumed area: Sapporo City The general ceiling finishing material has a density of 340 kg / m ³ and a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK.
The general floor base material has a density of 340 kg / m ³ and a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK.
The general wall finish has a density of 340 kg / m ³ and a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK.

(Example 2) Assumed area: Kagoshima City The building material for ceiling has a density of 340 kg / m ³ , a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK, a melting point of the latent heat storage material of 27 ° C. (± 3.5 ° C.), and the inclusion of the latent heat storage material The proportion is 20% by weight.
The floor building material has a density of 340 kg / m ³ , a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK, a melting point of the latent heat storage material of 18 ° C. (± 3.5 ° C.), and the content ratio of the latent heat storage material is 20% by weight.
The building material for walls has a density of 340 kg / m ³ , a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK, a melting point of the latent heat storage material of 27 ° C. (± 3.5 ° C.), and the content ratio of the latent heat storage material is 20% by weight.
(Comparative example 2) Assumed area: Kagoshima City The general ceiling finishing material has a density of 340 kg / m ³ and a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK.
The general floor base material has a density of 340 kg / m ³ and a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK.
The general wall finish has a density of 340 kg / m ³ and a thermal conductivity of 0.051 W / mK.

(Calculation result)
Calculation was performed under the above conditions, and the results shown in the table below were obtained (see Table 3). In Example 1 and Example 2, both the heating load and the cooling load are reduced compared to the corresponding Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, and the Example can alleviate the temperature change of the room space A throughout the year. I understand that

It is a figure which shows the heating / cooling load reduction house of this invention. It is sectional drawing of a ceiling. It is sectional drawing of a floor. It is sectional drawing of a wall.

Explanation of symbols

10 ... Heating and cooling load reduction house 12 ... Ceiling 14 ... Floor 16 ... Wall 17 ... Roof 18 ... Building material for ceiling 20 ... Gypsum board 22 ... Moisture-proof sheet 24 ... Residential glass wool insulation 26 ... Plywood 28 ... Building material for floor 32 ... Extruded polystyrene foam insulation board 34 ... Building material for walls 36 ... Gypsum board 38 ... Moisture-proof sheet 40 ... Residential glass wool insulation 42 ... Volcanic glass double-layer board 44 ... Moisture permeable waterproof sheet 46 ... Breathable layer 48 ... Ceramic siding

Claims (6)

As a latent heat storage material, ceiling building materials that contain only high-temperature latent heat storage materials are used for the ceiling,
A heating / cooling load reducing house characterized in that a floor building material containing only a low temperature region latent heat storage material having a lower melting point than that of the high temperature region latent heat storage material is used as the latent heat storage material. The ceiling building material includes only a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. as the latent heat storage material for the high temperature region,
The heating and cooling load reducing house according to claim 1, wherein the floor building material includes only a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C as the latent heat storage material for the low temperature region. The building material for ceiling uses rock wool board as a base material,
The heating / cooling load reducing house according to claim 1, wherein an insulation board is used as a base material for the floor building material.   The heating / cooling load reducing house according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a wall building material containing only a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C as a latent heat storage material is further used for the wall.   The heating / cooling load reducing house according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a wall building material containing only a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C as a latent heat storage material is further used for the wall.   As the latent heat storage material, a wall building material including a latent heat storage material in which a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 11 to 25 ° C. and a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 20 to 34 ° C. are equally mixed is used for the wall. The heating / cooling load reduction house according to claim 2 or 3, wherein