JP2002206293A - building - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a building provided with a latent heat storage material capable of reducing a decrease in room temperature at night and mitigating cooling at dawn even if heating is stopped during bedtime in winter. A living room formed from building units (U1, Ua) is provided on the first floor of a unit building (U). A latent heat storage material is provided on a floor of a living room formed of the building units U1 and Ua, and its phase change temperature is set at 18 ° C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a building provided with a latent heat storage material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a similar technique, for example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-7628, an inner wall formed as a heat storage material (heat storage material) is irradiated with sunlight incident from a window (opening) during a heating period. , A building that stores heat. In this technique, the inner wall is formed by stacking bricks or stones that are heavy in weight to be a heat storage body and can store a large amount of heat.

[0003] In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-322318, there is described a building in which a heat storage element is arranged on a floor and the heat storage element is heated by air heated by sunlight. In this technique, the heat storage body is made of sheet concrete.

Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-29824 describes a building provided with a latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature lower than a cooling temperature in summer and higher than a heating temperature in winter.

[0005]

However, in the case of the building disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-7628, there are the following problems. Since the inner wall which is a heat storage body is formed by stacking bricks or stones, the number of construction steps at the building construction site is increased, and the construction period is long. Also, when trying to increase the heat storage capacity, the weight of the heat storage body becomes very heavy, and it is necessary to reinforce the structure of the building. In particular, in order to provide an inner wall which is a heat storage body on two or more floors, it was necessary to reinforce the lower floor to support the weight of the heat storage body. In addition, since the temperature of the heat storage decreases in proportion to the amount of heat released from the heat storage, it has been difficult to maintain the room temperature at or above a predetermined temperature.

In the case of the building disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-322318, there are the following problems. The plate-like concrete, which is a heat storage body disposed on the floor of the first floor, can be formed as a part of a building as a floor slab. However, since the plate-shaped concrete is heavy, the number of construction steps at the building construction site is increased, and the construction period is long. Further, there is described an example in which a lightweight cellular concrete plate is arranged on the floors of the second floor or more. If a lightweight cellular concrete plate is used, the weight may be light, and the need for building reinforcement is small, and the number of construction steps at the construction site can be reduced. However, it has a disadvantage that the heat storage capacity is small. Further, since the temperature of the heat storage unit decreases in proportion to the amount of heat released from the heat storage unit, it is difficult to maintain the room temperature at a predetermined temperature or higher, as in the above-described technology.

In the case of the building disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 29824/1990, the heat storage body is a latent heat storage material, so that the weight can be reduced and the construction of the building can be simplified. In addition, since the latent heat storage material can store a large amount of heat near the phase change temperature, it is easy to maintain the indoor temperature of the building at a predetermined temperature or higher.
However, since the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material is higher than the heating temperature, during the heating period, on a cloudy day, heat storage by solar radiation was not performed by the phase change, and the latent heat storage material was not effective. Further, storing heat in a latent heat storage material using a heat source having a temperature higher than the heating temperature does not necessarily result in effective use of energy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems. Even if the heating is stopped during the bedtime in winter, the temperature of the room is small at night, and the latent heat storage that can alleviate the cooling at dawn can be reduced. The purpose is to provide buildings with timber.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building provided with a latent heat storage material in a room, wherein a phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material is equal to or lower than a heating temperature. It is a building characterized by a temperature of over ℃.

In the present invention, if the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material is higher than the heating temperature, heat storage due to the phase change due to room temperature during heating cannot be performed, and if it is lower than 14 ° C., the effect of alleviating cooling at dawn is small. Here, the heating temperature varies depending on habits, constitution, region, and the like, but is preferably 25 ° C. Further, from the viewpoint of energy saving, 22 ° C., and further 20 ° C.
Is preferred.

The latent heat storage material of the present invention is preferably provided on a floor, a wall or a ceiling, because the space in the room can be effectively used. The latent heat storage material is not particularly limited, but calcium chloride hexahydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, sodium acetate trihydrate, paraffins, fatty acid esters, aliphatic alcohols, and the like can be used.
These latent heat storage materials become liquid at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature. Therefore, it is preferable to use it sealed in a closed container. As a material for the closed container, a polyolefin resin can be used in terms of heat resistance and durability. More preferably, a crosslinked polyolefin resin can be used. The polyolefin resin is not particularly limited, but polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene and the like can be used.

Further, examples of the building in the present invention include houses such as detached houses and apartment houses and accommodation facilities such as dormitories, hotels and inns. Further, the building may be a general structure such as a wooden structure, a steel frame structure, a concrete structure, or a unit building. Here, the unit building is
A plurality of building units manufactured in a factory are transported to a construction site by truck, and are formed adjacently on a foundation. Although not particularly limited, typical building units include a steel-frame building unit and a wooden building unit. The steel-frame-based building unit has a box-shaped steel frame assembled by assembling the upper and lower ends of steel columns at the four corners with rigidly connected ceiling beams and floor beams made of shaped steel. Further, the wooden building unit has a structure in which a floor panel and a wall panel in which a structural surface material is attached to a wooden floor frame and a wall frame are assembled in a box shape.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the building according to the first aspect, wherein the latent heat storage material is provided on a floor.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building in which a latent heat storage material is provided on an indoor floor, wherein a portion of the floor exposed to solar radiation has a phase change temperature of 20 ° C. or more and 35 ° C. or less. The building is provided with a heat storage material, and a latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature equal to or lower than the heating temperature and equal to or higher than 14 ° C. is provided in a portion of the floor that is not exposed to solar radiation. If the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material in the part irradiated with sunlight is lower than 20 ° C., the heating effect is small, and if it is higher than 35 ° C., the floor temperature needs to be higher than the phase change temperature, and the living performance deteriorates.

Here, also on the wall and ceiling, a portion to be exposed to solar radiation is provided with a latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature of 20 ° C. or more and 35 ° C. or less, and a portion not exposed to solar radiation is heated to 14 ° C. or less than heating temperature. May be provided.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building in which a latent heat storage material is provided on a floor, wherein the floor is a wide edge floor provided on an outer edge of a Japanese-style room. is there.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building in which a latent heat storage material is provided on a ceiling and a floor in a room, wherein a phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material provided on the ceiling is equal to or higher than a heating temperature. The building is characterized in that the temperature is lower than the temperature, and the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material provided on the floor is lower than the heating temperature and higher than 14 ° C.

Here, the wall may be provided with a latent heat storage material similar to the ceiling. The cooling temperature varies depending on the habit, constitution, region, etc., but is preferably 24 ° C. From the viewpoint of energy saving, 26 ° C., and more preferably 28 ° C.

The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 2,
A building according to any one of 3, 4, and 5, wherein a wooden flooring material having a thickness of 5 mm or more and 13 mm or less is placed on the latent heat storage material. Here, as the wooden flooring material, although not particularly limited, those having a finished surface are preferable, and those obtained by laminating a finishing material on the surface of solid wood board, plywood, particle board, or the like are preferable. Can be adopted.

It is preferable to store the latent heat storage material in a plate-shaped airtight container having a predetermined plane size, because it is easy to use and the production efficiency is good. Also, fixing the spacers at equal intervals on the floor of the building, placing the latent heat storage material between those spacers, and fixing the wooden floor material to those spacers, the wooden floor material can be easily fixed, It is preferable because it can be protected from a load applied to the latent heat storage material via the wooden floor material. Furthermore, it is preferable that the thickness of the plate-shaped closed container is made thicker in the range of 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm than the thickness of the spacer. The reason for this is that if the thickness of the closed container is smaller than the spacer, a gap is formed between the wooden floor material and the closed container, and the wooden floor material and the closed container hit during walking, causing floor noise. If the thickness of the closed container is not thicker than the spacer by 0.1 mm or more, the adhesion between the wooden floor material and the closed container is poor, and the efficiency of heat transfer from the latent heat storage material to the wooden floor material is low. If the thickness of the closed container is 1 mm or more than the spacer, the surface of the wooden flooring material may be wavy.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a latent heat
A building provided with a heat storage material, wherein a heat loss
2.7 W / m^TwoPhase change of the latent heat storage material
Heat storage capacity around the temperature is 150 kcal per heat radiation area
/ M^Two~ 300kcal / m ^TwoIt is special that
It is a building to sign. The heat loss coefficient of the building is 2.7W / m
^TwoIf it is larger, the heat loss from the building will be large and the effect will be small.
No. In addition, the heat storage capacity near the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material is
150kcal / m^TwoSmaller than dawn
Low relaxation effect, 300kcal / m^TwoGreater than
A large amount of latent heat storage material is required, and the cost increases. Also,
The phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material in the present invention is lower than the cooling temperature.
The lower heating temperature may be set to be higher than the lower heating temperature.
If the temperature is above ℃, the effect of mitigating the cold at dawn is great
Is preferred.

[0022]

In the building according to the first aspect of the present invention, the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material is set to 14 ° C. or lower, which is lower than the heating temperature. Therefore, even if solar radiation is not obtained during the heating period, a large amount of heat is stored near the phase change temperature by the latent heat storage material if the room is heated at or above the heating temperature. Heat can be released from the heat storage material in the vicinity of the phase change temperature.

In the building according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the latent heat storage material is provided on the floor, construction of the latent heat storage material is simple, and the room can be effectively used. Also,
Since heat is radiated from the latent heat storage material from the floor, the heat can be used effectively.

[0024] In the building according to the third aspect of the present invention, the portion of the floor exposed to the solar radiation has a phase change temperature of 20 ° C or more and 35 ° C or more.
The following latent heat storage material is provided, and a portion of the floor which is not exposed to solar radiation is provided with a latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature of 14 ° C. or lower, which is lower than the heating temperature. Therefore, heat due to solar radiation can be effectively stored in the latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature of 20 ° C. or more and 35 ° C. or less. In addition, heat generated by heating can be stored in a latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature equal to or lower than the heating temperature and equal to or higher than 14 ° C.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a latent heat storage material is provided on a wide edge floor provided at an outer edge of the Japanese-style room. In other words, heat can be stored in the wide-margin latent heat storage material by sunlight during the daytime of a sunny day in the heating period, and the heat radiation from the latent heat storage material performed through the wide-rim floor at night can be effectively used in the Japanese-style room.

In the building according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material provided on the ceiling is higher than the heating temperature and lower than the cooling temperature, and the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material provided on the floor is higher. Is set to a heating temperature of 14 ° C. or less. Accordingly, heat during winter heating or when the room temperature is improved during the day can be effectively stored on the floor, which is effective in keeping the room temperature at or above a certain temperature. Further, since the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material on the ceiling is equal to or higher than the heating temperature, it does not hinder a rise in room temperature during heating. On the other hand, when the room temperature rises during the daytime in summer, the heat of the air can be effectively absorbed and stored in the ceiling. In addition, since the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material on the floor is set to be equal to or lower than the cooling temperature, a large amount of heat is not stored at a temperature equal to or higher than the cooling temperature.

In the building according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a wooden flooring material having a thickness of 5 mm or more and 13 mm or less is placed on the latent heat storage material. That is, since the thermal resistance of the wooden flooring material is small, the heat of the latent heat storage material can be effectively transmitted to the room.

In the building according to the present invention, the heat loss coefficient of the building is 2.7 W / m ² or less, and the heat storage capacity near the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material is 15 per heat radiation area.
It has been made with ^{0kcal / m 2 ~300kcal / m 2} . Therefore, the heat loss from the building is small, and the latent heat storage material performs an appropriate heat storage by the phase change, so that the heat can be radiated from the latent heat storage material near the phase change temperature for a long time. Also, there is no need to provide an excessive latent heat storage material.

[0029]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on embodiments with reference to the drawings. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view of the building of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the first floor of FIG. 1,
3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a building unit used in the building of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a detailed partial longitudinal sectional view of FIG.

(Embodiment 1) In FIG. 1, building units U1, Ua are placed on a foundation 5, building units U2, U2 are placed on them, and roof units U3, U3 are placed on them. U3 is placed and fastened with anchor bolts or bolts, respectively, to form a unit building (building) U. The heat loss coefficient of this unit building U is 1.
6 W / m ² . A balcony B1 is attached to the south floor of the building unit U2. A large window 2b is provided on the south outer wall of the building unit Ua. The balcony B1 shields the solar radiation from the sun S1 in the middle of the summer from the window 2b so as not to enter the building unit Ua through the window 2b as indicated by the dashed arrow. In addition, the solar radiation from the sun S2 during the mid-south winter is incident from the window 2b to the back of the building unit Ua as indicated by a broken arrow.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first floor of the unit building U is formed by a living room formed by the building units U1 and Ua, a kitchen formed by the building unit UK, and building units UW and UW. It has a utility formed from a Japanese-style room and a building unit US.
The latent heat storage material is provided on the floor of the living room formed by the building units U1 and Ua.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the structure of the building unit Ua is formed by assembling into a box shape with walls 2, 2A and 2B erected on a floor construction surface 3. The floor structural surface 3 is a plywood 3 having a thickness of 20 mm which is a structural surface material on a wooden floor framework 3a.
4 is formed. Here, the floor frame 3a is formed by connecting both ends of a plurality of joists 31 arranged in parallel with each other to the end joists 3.
2, and a connecting lower frame 33 is attached to the lower surface of the end joist 32. The walls 2 and 2B are formed by attaching a hard wood chip cement board 24 to the outer surface of a wooden wall framework 2a and a gypsum board 25 to the inner surface. Here, the wall frame 2a
Are a plurality of vertical frames 22 arranged in parallel with each other, an upper frame 23 connecting upper end portions of the plurality of vertical frames 22,
And the lower frame 21 connected to the lower end of the lower frame 21. Wall 2
A is formed by attaching a gypsum board to both sides of the wall frame 2a.

A plurality of rectangular heat storage materials 1a, 1a,... Are arranged on the floor construction surface 3 described above. The heat storage materials 1a, 1a,.
The plywood 11 having substantially the same thickness as the heat storage material 1a is provided as a spacer between the side in contact with the heat storage material 1a and the long side of the heat storage material 1a. The heat storage materials 1a, 1a,... Are similarly arranged in the building unit U1.

The heat storage material 1a is stored in a rectangular cross-linked polypropylene closed container having an outer thickness of 9.2 mm and a melting temperature of 18 mm.
It is formed by enclosing sodium sulfate decahydrate (latent heat storage material) at ℃. In addition, the closed container is provided with a boss portion regularly from the front surface to the back surface, and can be fixed to a plywood or the like using a nail or a screw as necessary. The phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material is 18 ° C.,
The heat storage capacity around the phase change temperature (15 ° C to 20 ° C) is 21
It is 0 Kcal / m ² . In addition, it is laid on 70% of the flat area of the living room.

The building units Ua and U1 are manufactured together with the building units U2, UK, UW and US and the roof unit U3 in a factory, transported by truck to a construction site, and adjacent using a crane as shown in FIGS. Arranged and fastened together. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5, the building unit U1
And heat storage material 1 arranged on floor structure 3 of building unit Ua
a, 1a,... and plywood 11, 11,..., a wooden floor material 12 is attached, and ceiling wooden bars 41, 41,. 42, 42, ...
The unit building U is constructed by attaching the ceiling frame 4 having a lattice-like structure, attaching the gypsum board 43 to the lower surface of the ceiling frame 4 and finishing the inner surface of the wall, ceiling, and the like. .

As described above, since the heat storage material 1a uses a latent heat storage material, the weight of the heat storage material 1a can be reduced, and there is no need for reinforcement. Therefore, the building units Ua and U1 can be easily manufactured at the factory. . In addition, since the weight of the building units Ua and U1 on which the heat storage material 1a is arranged is small, it is easy to transport the building units Ua and U1 and to perform construction at a construction site.
The heat storage materials 1a, 1a,.
Are arranged regularly, so that the wooden flooring material 12 can be easily fixed to the plywood 11 with a decorative nail at the construction site. Also, there is little danger of punching out the heat storage material 1a with a decorative nail. That is, the wooden flooring material 12 is
1 can be firmly and securely fixed to the floor construction surface 3.

Next, the mounting structure of the heat storage material of the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a mounting structure of the latent heat storage material in the building of FIG. In FIG. 6, a plywood 34 having a thickness of 20 mm, which is a structural surface material, is mounted on a plurality of floor joists 31 arranged in parallel with each other on the floor construction surface 3. In addition, a thickness of 10
A heat insulating material 35 of 0 mm is attached. On the plywood 34, a plurality of plywood (spacers) 11 having a width of 30 mm and a thickness of 9 mm are attached at regular intervals by nails. In addition, a plurality of thicknesses 9.2 are provided between the plywoods 11.
mm of heat storage material 1a, 1a, 1a,... This heat storage material 1a is a material in which a latent heat storage material is sealed in a 9.2 mm-thick plate-shaped airtight container. A wooden flooring material 12 having a thickness of 9 mm is placed on the plywood 11 and the heat storage material 1a, and is fixed to the plywood 11 with nails.

As described above, the mounting structure of the heat storage material according to the present embodiment has a thickness of 9.2 m between the plywoods 11 having a thickness of 9 mm.
m of the heat storage material 1a,
Is fixed to the plywood 11, the heat storage material 1a comes into close contact with the wooden flooring 12. Therefore, there is no floor noise, and heat is efficiently transferred between the heat storage material 1a and the wooden floor material 12. In addition, the wooden flooring 12 does not undulate due to the step between the plywood 11 and the heat storage material 1a. That is, the performance of the heat storage material 1a can be sufficiently used, and good floor performance can be secured.

The heat storage material 1a is made of plywood 34 of the floor surface 3.
And the heat storage material 1a and the unit building U
a, a wooden flooring material 12 mm thick between the room of U1 and 12 mm.
Only intervenes. In other words, since the heat resistance of the wooden floor material 12 is small, heat can be efficiently transmitted from the indoor side to the heat storage material 1a and can be efficiently radiated from the heat storage material 1a to the room.

Next, the effects of the unit building U of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Since the balcony B1 is provided on the second floor on the south side of the unit building U, solar radiation from the sun S1 in the middle of the summer in the summer does not enter the building unit Ua as indicated by a broken arrow. That is, it is possible to prevent harmful solar heat from being directly stored in the heat storage material 1a in summer. In addition, the solar radiation from the sun S2 in the middle of the winter is indicated by the broken line arrow, and the window 2 extends to the back of the building unit Ua.
b, the wood-based floor material 12 is heated, and the heat thereof heats the heat storage material 1a to store heat. When the heat storage material 1a is heated to 18 ° C., the latent heat storage material starts to melt and is stored in the form of latent heat. Since the latent heat storage material has a large heat of dissolution, the temperature of the latent heat storage material can be kept at approximately 18 ° C. by setting the amount of the latent heat storage material to an appropriate amount. That is, the indoor temperature can be maintained by heat radiation from the radiator having a constant temperature of approximately 18 ° C. Even if solar radiation is not obtained, since the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material is set to 18 ° C. (below the heating temperature), if the heating is performed, the latent heat storage material of the building units Ua and U1 is heated above the phase change temperature. It can store heat in the form of latent heat. That is, if the heating is performed before going to bed, the decrease in the room temperature at night can be reduced by the heat radiation of the latent heat storage material, and the cooling at dawn can be eased.

Further, when the room temperature exceeds 18 ° C. in summer, the heat storage material 1 a is melted and stored in the form of latent heat, but the heat capacity of the latent heat storage material after melting is small. That is, the heat storage amount at a temperature exceeding 18 ° C. is small, and the temperature can be easily lowered to a comfortable room temperature by nighttime cool air or cooling. Comfortable room temperature in summer does not adversely affect in summer, as can be seen from the fact that 28 ° C. is recommended from the viewpoint of energy saving.

The effect of the present invention will be quantitatively described with reference to FIGS. 7, 8, and 9. FIG. 7 is a graph for explaining the effect of the wooden floor material, and shows a temperature change of the building in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing a change in room temperature of the building of FIG. 1, and FIG. 9 is a graph of FIG.
3 is a graph showing changes in the surface temperature of the wooden flooring of the building of Tokyo No. 3, which were obtained by simulation on a representative winter day in Tokyo for three days. The representative day is assumed to be two days of fine weather followed by one day of cloudy weather. In FIG. 7, “Surface temperature (wood floor)” indicates the surface temperature of the wood floor 12 of the configuration in FIG. 6, and “Surface temperature (carpet)” is a comparative example, and is replaced with the wood floor 12. FIG. 3 shows the surface temperature of a carpet when a carpet with a hair length of 5 mm is laid on a plywood having a thickness of 5.5 mm. If a carpet is laid on the surface, the heat transmission resistance of the carpet is large,
The amount of heat transferred from the room kept at approximately 22 ° C. by heating to the heat storage material 1a is small, and the temperature of the heat storage material 1a rises only to 16 ° C. On the other hand, in the case of the wooden flooring material, the temperature of the heat storage material 1a rises to 18 ° C., and as a result, the temperature of the flooring material surface after the heating is stopped is also kept high.

FIG. 8 shows the change in the room temperature. FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the floor with “heat storage material”, and “Comparative example” with “no heat storage material”. Except for the configuration. The room temperature during the heating operation does not change greatly between "with heat storage material" and "without heat storage material", but after the heating operation is stopped, the room temperature drop is significantly larger with "without heat storage material". The room temperature immediately before starting the heating operation again is 10 ° C. to 11 ° C. for “without heat storage material”, and 13 ° C. to 14 ° C. for “with heat storage material”.

Next, the temperature of the wooden floor material surface will be described with reference to FIG. During the day, the surface temperature of “without heat storage material” exceeds 30 ° C. due to the effect of solar radiation. However, the surface temperature drops sharply at night and drops to 11 ° C to 12 ° C at dawn.
On the other hand, in the case of “with heat storage material”, the daytime surface temperature rises to 26 ° C. to 28 ° C. In addition, the surface temperature at night is maintained at 16 ° C. or higher, and the temperature of the floor surface at dawn is also maintained at a level that does not cause discomfort. Due to these effects, when comparing the annual heating cost with kerosene in the living room, the energy saving effect of 24% was confirmed, where "with no heat storage material" was 5000 yen and "with heat storage material" was 3800 yen.

Next, for comparison, assuming that the heat loss coefficient of the unit building U is 3.4 W / m ² , the room temperature immediately before starting the heating operation again is 7 ° C. for “without heat storage material”. “With heat storage material” was 8 ° C., and the cooling at dawn was hardly alleviated.

Example 2 In Example 1, the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material 1a on the floor of the building unit Ua was 23 ° C.
The heat capacity in the phase change is 210 Kcal / m ^2, and the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material 1a on the floor of the building unit U1 is 18
When the change in room temperature was simulated assuming a fine day in November in Tokyo as a heat capacity of 210 Kcal / m ² in ° C and a phase change, the lowest value of the room temperature was 17 ° C. As a comparison, the lowest value of the room temperature without the latent heat storage material was 14 ° C. When the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material 1a on the floors of the building units Ua and U1 was both set to 18 ° C., the lowest value of the room temperature was 16 ° C. Building units Ua, U1
The lowest value of the room temperature was 15 ° C. when the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material 1a on the floor was 23 ° C.

FIG. 10 is a partial plan view showing another building of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. (Embodiment 3) The building T has a Japanese-style room W provided with an L-shaped wide edge W1 on the south side (outer edge) and the west side (outer edge). The closet W2, W2 is provided on the east side of the Japanese-style room W, and the floor space W3 is provided on the west side, following the wide edge W1. In addition, the sweep windows 2a and 2b are located on the south side of the wide edge W1.
Is provided, and a sweep window 2b is provided on the west side. The discharge windows 2a, 2b, 2b are provided with double-glazing to reduce the flow of heat from indoors to outdoors. Insulating sashes 3b, 3b are provided between the Japanese-style room W and the wide edge W1. Further, a living room L is provided on the north side of the Japanese-style room W, and a sliding door W4 is provided between the living room L and the Japanese-style room W.

As shown in FIG. 11, the floor configuration of the Japanese-style room W and the wide edge W1 is made up of a plurality of floor joists 3 arranged in parallel with each other.
A plywood 34 having a thickness of 20 mm, which is a structural face material, is mounted on the top of the plywood 1. Further, a heat insulating material 35 having a thickness of 100 mm is attached between the floor joists 31. In the Japanese-style room W, a tatami 37 having a thickness of 18 mm is placed on the plywood 34.
In the wide edge W1, a plurality of plywood (spacers) 11 having a width of 30 mm and a thickness of 9 mm are fixed on the plywood 34 at regular intervals by nails. Also, plywood 11
Between the plywood 11 and the plywood 11, a plurality of heat storage materials 1a having a thickness of 9.2 mm are arranged. The heat storage material 1a is a material in which a latent heat storage material is sealed in a 9.2 mm-thick plate-shaped airtight container. A wooden flooring material 12 having a thickness of 9 mm is placed on the plywood 11 and the heat storage material 1a, and is fixed to the plywood 11 with nails. Also, between the Japanese-style room W and the wide edge W1,
A threshold 36 having a thickness of 18 mm is provided.
b can be opened and closed by sliding.

Since the Japanese-style room W and the wide edge W1 are formed as described above, the wooden floor material 12 of the wide edge W1 is heated by the solar radiation in winter (heating period), and is stored in the heat storage material 1a through the wooden floor material 12. Heat is stored. By opening the heat insulating sash 3b at night, the air heated by the heat stored in the heat storage material 1a can be introduced into the Japanese-style room W. That is, since the tatami mats are laid, the Japanese-style room W, which is difficult to store heat in the heat storage material provided on the floor, can be indirectly heated by the heat stored in the heat storage material 1a. Further, since the discharge window 2b is provided with a double-layer glass, heat loss from the Japanese-style room W can be reduced. Furthermore, since the thermal insulation shoji 3b, 3b is provided between the Japanese-style room W and the wide edge W1, when the heat stored in the heat storage material 1a cannot be used, the thermal insulation shoji 3b, 3b.
By closing b, the heat loss from the Japanese-style room W can be further reduced. In addition, since the surfaces of the tatami 37, the sill 36, and the wooden flooring 12 are substantially flush with each other, when a person passes between the Japanese-style room W and the wide rim W1, the person does not get caught on his feet and can pass with confidence. can do.

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of another building of the present invention, FIG. 13 is a graph showing a temperature change in the building room in summer in FIG. 12, and FIG. 14 is an outside air temperature when the temperature change in FIG. 13 is simulated. FIG. 15 is a graph showing the temperature change in winter and the outside air temperature in the building room of FIG. (Embodiment 4) The building S is constructed on a cloth foundation 5 provided with a heat insulating material 51 inside. In the building S, a wall 2 is erected on a floor 3, and a second floor 3 is placed on the wall 2. A ceiling 4 is provided below the floor 3 on the second floor, and a window 2c is provided on the wall 2. The heat loss coefficient of the building S is 1.6 W / m ² . A latent heat storage material 1 b is provided on the floor 3, a latent heat storage material 1 c is provided inside the wall 2, and a latent heat storage material 1 c is provided below the ceiling 4. Latent heat storage material 1b
Has a phase change temperature of 20 ° C. and a heat capacity of 2 in the phase change.
It was 10 Kcal / m ² . The phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material 1c is 28 ° C., and the heat capacity in the phase change is 210 Kca.
1 / m ² .

When the temperature change is simulated using the outside air temperature of the representative day of August in Tokyo shown in FIG. 14, in this embodiment, the temperature change is indicated by the line a in FIG. The temperature was 25 ° C. For comparison,
When the phase change temperatures of the latent heat storage materials 1b and 1c were both set to 28 ° C., the temperature changes as indicated by the line b in FIG. 13, and the maximum temperature was 29 ° C. and the minimum temperature was 27 ° C. When the phase change temperatures of the latent heat storage materials 1b and 1c are both set to 20 ° C., the temperature changes as indicated by the line c in FIG.
The temperature was 2 ° C and the minimum temperature was 24 ° C. Further, when the latent heat storage material is not provided, the temperature changes as indicated by the d line in FIG.
The highest temperature was 33 ° C and the lowest temperature was 23 ° C.

In the embodiment, the temperature change was simulated by setting the heating temperature to 22 ° C. using the outside air temperature on the representative day of January in Tokyo. Was 16 ° C. For comparison, when the phase change temperatures of the latent heat storage materials 1b and 1c are both set to 28 ° C., the temperature changes as indicated by the line b in FIG. 15, and the minimum temperature is 12 ° C. When the phase change temperatures of the latent heat storage materials 1b and 1c were both set to 20 ° C., the temperature changes as indicated by the line c in FIG. 15, and the minimum temperature was 17 ° C. In the case where the latent heat storage material was not provided, the temperature changed as indicated by the line d in FIG. 15, and the minimum temperature was 11 ° C.

As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to alleviate the cold in the dawn in winter, to keep the maximum and minimum temperatures in summer low, and to be able to spend comfortably throughout the year. It is possible.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described with reference to the drawings, the specific structure of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like that do not depart from the gist of the present invention. Are also included in the present invention.

For example, a building unit in which the latent heat storage material is arranged on the floor structure, a building unit in the wall part, and a building unit in the ceiling part are mixed and arranged adjacently to form a unit building. Is also good. Further, a heat storage material may be arranged on the floor structure surface, the wall portion, and the ceiling portion of one building unit. Further, the latent heat storage material may be provided in a room on an upper floor. The building unit may be a steel-frame building unit or a building unit using a shaft.

[0056]

In the building according to the first aspect of the present invention,
The phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material is set to 14 ° C. or lower, which is lower than the heating temperature. Therefore, even if solar radiation is not obtained during the heating period, a large amount of heat is stored near the phase change temperature by the latent heat storage material if the room is heated at or above the heating temperature. Heat can be released from the heat storage material in the vicinity of the phase change temperature. That is, even if the heating is stopped at night, the cooling at dawn can be alleviated and a comfortable building can be provided.

In the building according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the latent heat storage material is provided on the floor, the construction of the latent heat storage material is simple, and the room can be effectively used.
In addition, since the heat release from the latent heat storage material is performed from the floor,
Heat can be used effectively.

In the building according to the third aspect of the present invention, a portion of the floor to which the solar radiation is applied is provided with a latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature of 20 ° C. or more and 35 ° C. or less, so that the floor is not exposed to the solar radiation. The portion is provided with a latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature of 14 ° C. or less, which is lower than the winter heating temperature. Therefore, heat due to solar radiation can be stored in the latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature of 20 ° C. or more and 35 ° C. or less. Heat generated by heating can be stored in the latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature of 14 ° C. or lower, which is lower than the winter heating temperature. In other words, even if the heating is stopped at night, it is possible to provide a comfortable and low energy consumption building in which the cooling at dawn can be alleviated and the heat generated by solar radiation can be used for heating.

According to the present invention, the heat can be stored in the wide-area latent heat storage material by solar radiation during the day of a sunny day in the heating period, and the latent heat storage material performed through the wide-area floor at night. Heat can be effectively used in Japanese-style rooms. In other words, it is possible to warm a Japanese-style room in which a tatami mat is laid and which has little effect even if a latent heat storage material is provided under the tatami mat, by radiating the latent heat storage material on the floor with a wide border.

In the building according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material provided on the ceiling is set to be higher than the heating temperature in winter and lower than the cooling temperature in summer, and the latent heat stored on the floor is provided. The phase change temperature of the heat storage material is 14 ° C. or lower, which is lower than the heating temperature in winter. Therefore, heat during winter heating or when the room temperature is improved during the day can be effectively stored on the floor, and this is effective in keeping the room temperature at or above a certain temperature. Also,
Since the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material on the ceiling is equal to or higher than the heating temperature, it does not hinder a rise in room temperature during heating. In other words, even if heating is stopped at night, cooling at dawn can be alleviated and a building with high heating efficiency can be obtained.
On the other hand, when the room temperature rises during the daytime in summer, the heat of the air can be effectively absorbed and stored in the ceiling, so that the room temperature can be kept below the cooling temperature. In addition, since the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material on the floor is set to be equal to or lower than the cooling temperature, a large amount of heat is not stored at a temperature equal to or higher than the cooling temperature.

In the building according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a wooden flooring material having a thickness of 5 mm or more and 13 mm or less is placed on the latent heat storage material. That is, since the thermal resistance of the wooden flooring material is small, the heat of the latent heat storage material can be effectively transmitted to the room. As a result, a comfortable building with good thermal efficiency can be obtained.

In the building according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the heat loss coefficient of the building is 2.7 W / m ² or less, and the heat storage capacity of the latent heat storage material near the phase change temperature is 150 kcal / radiation area. m ^{2 to} 300 kcal / m ² . Therefore, the heat loss from the building is small, and the latent heat storage material performs an appropriate heat storage by the phase change, so that the heat can be radiated from the latent heat storage material near the phase change temperature for a long time. Also, there is no need to provide an excessive latent heat storage material. That is, a comfortable building with reduced costs can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a building of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a first floor portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial vertical sectional view of a building unit used for the building of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a detailed partial longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a partially sectional perspective view showing a mounting structure of a latent heat storage material in the building of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a temperature change of the building of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a graph showing a change in room temperature of the building of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a graph showing a change in surface temperature of the wooden floor material of the building of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a partial plan view showing another building of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of another building of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing a temperature change in the summer in the building room of FIG. 10;

FIG. 14 is a graph of the outside air temperature when the temperature change of FIG. 11 is simulated.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing a temperature change and an outside air temperature in winter in the building room of FIG. 10;

[Explanation of symbols]

 U unit building (building) T, S building 1a Heat storage material (latent heat storage material stored in closed container) 1b, 1c Latent heat storage material 11 Plywood (spacer) 12 Wood flooring 2 Wall 2b Window (opening) 3 Floor Construction surface (floor) 4 Ceiling

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (reference) F24J 2/42 F24J 2/42 U F28D 20/00 F28D 20/00 EF term (reference) 2E001 DD15 DD17 EA01 EA05 EA08 FA03 FA11 FA14 FA24 GA12 HD11 HE09 LA04 LA12 3L071 CC06 CD01 CE07 CF03

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A building provided with a latent heat storage material,
A building, wherein the latent heat storage material has a phase change temperature of 14 ° C. or lower, which is lower than a heating temperature. 2. The building according to claim 1, wherein the latent heat storage material is provided on a floor. 3. A building in which a latent heat storage material is provided on an indoor floor, wherein a portion of the floor that is exposed to solar radiation is provided with a latent heat storage material having a phase change temperature of 20 ° C. or more and 35 ° C. or less,
14 ° C below the heating temperature for the part of the floor not exposed to sunlight
A building comprising a latent heat storage material having the above phase change temperature. 4. A building provided with a latent heat storage material on a floor, wherein the floor is a wide-floor floor provided on an outer edge of a Japanese-style room. 5. A building in which a latent heat storage material is provided on an indoor ceiling and a floor, wherein a phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material provided on the ceiling is higher than a heating temperature and lower than a cooling temperature. A building characterized in that the phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material provided on the floor is lower than the heating temperature and higher than 14 ° C. 6. A thickness of at least 5 mm on the latent heat storage material.
The building according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein a wooden flooring material of 3 mm or less is placed. 7. A building provided with a latent heat storage material in a room, wherein the building has a heat loss coefficient of 2.7 W / m ^{2 or} less, and has a heat storage capacity near a phase change temperature of the latent heat storage material. 150 kcal / m ^{2 to} 300 kcal / per heat radiation area
building, characterized by being made as m ^2.