JP2004019149A

JP2004019149A - Ceiling insulation structure and ceiling insulation panel for house

Info

Publication number: JP2004019149A
Application number: JP2002172614A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Setsuya Matsumoto; 松本　節也
Original assignee: Matsumoto Kenko Co Ltd
Current assignee: Matsumoto Kenko Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-06-13
Filing date: 2002-06-13
Publication date: 2004-01-22
Anticipated expiration: 2022-06-13
Also published as: JP3727053B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply and easily form a ceiling insulation structure having high heat insulation properties and low heat storage properties, by imparting three-dimensional figure holding properties to a heat shield for protecting heat insulator which is formed of a sheet having a radiant heat reflective layer and has a three-dimensional figure and self-falling properties. <P>SOLUTION: The heat shield 1 is formed in the following manner. First the upper and lower sheets 11, 12 each having the radiant heat reflective layer Re, are connected together in a longitudinal direction, by fallable erect pieces 13, 14, to thereby construct a frame 10 having therein air spaces S partitioned by the erect pieces 13, 14. Then a self-standing piece 15 which is a sheet material folded in the width direction to have a three-dimensional figure is inserted into each air spaces, and the upper and lower sheets 11, 12 are abutted on and held by tip portions 15t and bottom portions 15b of the self-standing piece 15, to thereby impart the three-dimensional figure holding properties to the heat shield 1. Further, the heat shield 1 thus formed is arranged on a conventional ceiling heat insulator 2, to thereby alleviate heating and heat storage of the heat insulator 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、家屋の天井断熱構造に於て、断熱材の加熱、蓄熱を軽減する断熱構造、及び該断熱構造に好適に採用出来る断熱パネルに関するものであり、住宅建築の技術分野に属するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般的木造住宅建築物の屋根裏にあっては、小屋裏換気口を設けて小屋裏内部の温度を出来るだけ外気に同化させるように施工しているが、小屋裏内部の温度は、建築物の建築地域、日照条件、季節によって高温になることがある。
このような、小屋裏内部空間の熱による居室内への悪影響を軽減するため、一般的には、居宅の天井裏面（天井仕上材上面）に、繊維質断熱材を吹込み施工したり、硬質ウレタンフォーム断熱材を敷設したりしている。
しかし、断熱材自体は、伝導熱の伝達を抑制するが、苛酷な加熱条件下にさらされるため、昼間の大熱量を吸収蓄熱する結果、夜間等外気温が低下しても、蓄熱体として蓄熱量を室内側へも放散し続け、居室内では、冷房エネルギー負荷が大となる。
【０００３】
本出願人は、上述の問題を解決するために、特願２０００−２７１３３５号（特許第３２５１０００号）として画期的な住宅の断熱構造を提案した。
図９は特許第３２５１０００号発明であり、該発明は、断熱材上を、輻射熱反射層を備え、且つ、空気導通用の空気層空間を備えた遮熱材で被覆保護するものであり、住宅の断熱材に屋根面や屋根隙間等、外部から負荷される熱Ｔ１，Ｔ２のうち、輻射熱加熱を阻止し、断熱材の加熱及び蓄熱を軽減して居室内への透過熱Ｔ３０を軽減する極めて有効な断熱方式ではあるが、遮熱材は保形性がなくて倒伏するため、遮熱材の端部を周囲の柱や梁、或いは壁板等に釘打ちするか、テープ止着するかして固定する必要があり、例えば、図９（Ｂ）の如く、天井裏の断熱材を遮熱材で被覆保護する際には、束に当接する個所では、遮熱材を切欠して束に嵌合し、遮熱材の上面シートの切欠個所の一部を取付片Ｐとして起立して束に固定し、遮熱材を機能発揮出来る起立状態に保持していた。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
図９の断熱構造の発明（特許第３２５１０００号）は、上述のとおり、断熱材に対する加熱、蓄熱を軽減する画期的機能を備えた有効な発明ではあるが、遮熱材が変形倒伏する傾向を有するため、遮熱材が断熱材上で機能を充分に発揮するように、遮熱材を起立状態で配置固定するのは煩雑、且つ、困難な作業であった。
本発明は、変形倒伏し易い遮熱材を新規な構造とし、遮熱材自体が自立性を保持する構造として天井断熱材への被覆保護が簡便に実施出来るようにするものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段、及び作用】
本発明の家屋の天井断熱構造は、例えば図１に示す如く、天井仕上材４上に敷設した断熱材２層上に、輻射熱反射層Ｒｅによる輻射熱加熱阻止作用と空気層空間Ｓによる空気導通作用を奏する自立性の遮熱材１を配置して被覆保護した断熱構造であって、遮熱材１は、例えば図４に示す如く、表面に輻射熱反射層Ｒｅを備えた上面シート１１を含む複数シート１１，１２をシート材から成る起立片１３，１４群によって倒伏自在に連結して、長手方向に空気層空間Ｓを形成したフレーム１０の該空気層空間Ｓ内に、頂部１５ｔ及び底部１５ｂが幅方向両端部１５Ｅ間で長手方向に並行する形態にシート材を屈曲立体化した自立片１５を、各頂部１５ｔ及び底部１５ｂが該空間Ｓの上下シート１１，１２を当接支持する形態に挿入保持して立体形態を保持したものである（請求項１）。
【０００６】
尚、この場合の「断熱材２」は、天井仕上材上に敷設出来る慣用のグラスファイバーマット、成形発泡樹脂ボード等を意味し、遮熱材１による「被覆保護」は、全面被覆保護と実質上同等、もしくは近似の機能を発揮する被覆であれば良く、遮熱材１間に断熱材２が若干露見しても良いが、遮熱材１の下面、即ち、下面シート１２の下面と断熱材表面との間に空気流動が生ずると遮熱材１の断熱材２に対する熱的保護機能が低下するため、遮熱材１と断熱材２とは密接が好ましい。
勿論、遮熱材１は、横移動変位を生じないようにするのが好ましく、隙間が生じないように相互接触形態で配置すべきである。
【０００７】
また、「輻射熱反射層Ｒｅ」は、金属蒸着膜や金属箔等、熱線が反射出来る層であれば良いが、典型的には、箔層が６×１０^−３〜６×１０^−２ｍｍのアルミ箔層である。
そして、輻射熱反射層Ｒｅは、上面シート１１のみならず、自立片表面にも付与するのが遮熱材内部の熱線加熱カロリー除去の面から有利である。
また、自立片１５の構成「シート材」は、図８（Ｂ）の如く、保形性を有するプラスチックシートでも良いが、薄くて折畳み形状保持機能を有する紙、不織布等は、フレーム１０の構成シートとしても、自立片１５の構成シートとしても好ましく、典型的には０．１〜０．３ｍｍ厚のクラフト紙である。
【０００８】
また、「屈曲立体化」の意は、図４の如く、頂部１５ｔ及び底部１５ｂの折目によって屈曲立体化したものや、図８（Ａ）の如く、面形態の頂部１５ｔ及び底部１５ｂ間に傾斜部１５ｓの存在するものも、図８（Ｂ）の如く、傾斜部１５ｓが弯曲して屈曲立体化したもの等を含む広い意味である。
また、上面シート１１を含む「複数シート１１，１２」の意は、遮熱材１には、少なくとも１層の空気層空間Ｓが必須であるため、１層の空気層空間Ｓを上面シート１１と下面シート１２の２枚で形成する場合（図４）も、或いは、空気層空間Ｓを上層と下層に２層形成した、上面シート１１、下面シート１２、及び中間シートの３枚のシートの場合（図示せず）も含む意味である。
【０００９】
本発明の天井断熱構造にあっては、天井下地材３上にマット状断熱材２が表面波打ち状に敷設した場合であっても、遮熱材１が自立片１５によって立体形態を保持しているため、断熱材表面への追従配置が可能で、遮熱材１相互が側縁で当接する形態に載置すれば良く、遮熱材１による断熱材２表面の被覆配置作業は容易であり、敷設断熱材２層は、遮熱材１の上面シート１１の輻射熱反射層Ｒｅによる熱線加熱が阻止され、自立片１５によって保証された空間Ｓ内の空気流動による遮熱材１内部の高温化抑制により断熱材表面への伝導熱も軽減されるため、遮熱材１外面から断熱材２層への加熱が軽減され、断熱材２層の蓄熱量も低減する。
【００１０】
尚、遮熱材１は、上面シート１１の幅１１Ｗを下面シート１２の幅１２Ｗより広く、且つ両側に若干（標準：２０ｍｍ）突出させておけば、断熱材２の表面が波打ち形態であっても、遮熱材１の上面シート１１相互の側縁でのオーバーラップ形態の拡開又は入り込み作用により、上面シート１１側縁間での隙間発生が阻止出来、断熱材２層の表面を隙間なく被覆保護出来る。
【００１１】
従って、断熱材２の材質が従来と同一の場合は、断熱材厚２Ｔも薄く出来、蓄熱量もより低減出来ると共に、断熱材厚２Ｔと遮熱材厚１Ｔとの合計厚さを従来の断熱材厚と略同一で実施することも出来、高断熱、且つ低蓄熱の天井断熱構造が、断熱構造を特別厚くすることなく、簡便に施工出来る。
【００１２】
また、遮熱材１のフレーム１０及び自立片１５が折畳み賦形性のあるシート材から成るため、各シート材の折曲、接着、層着等が容易であって、遮熱材１の製作が容易であり、しかも、フレーム１０は起立片１３，１４によって倒伏自在なため、嵩低い積層形態での保管、搬送が可能であり、別体の自立片１５と必要な時、場所で組付けて遮熱材１と出来るため、遮熱材１の製造管理、保管が容易である。
【００１３】
また、断熱材２は、天井下地材３間に嵌入して天井仕上材４上に敷設するのが好ましい。
この場合は、ボード状断熱材２の採用が有利であるが、グラスウール等の不定形断熱材２を充填しても、断熱材２は天井下地材３及び天井仕上材４によって寸法安定性が増し、表面の波打ち形態が抑制出来る。
従って、図１の如く、自立性遮熱材１の敷設が相互当接形態で均斉に実施出来、遮熱材下面と断熱材表面とは平坦面での当接となり、遮熱材１による断熱材２に対する熱的保護機能が充分に発揮出来る。
【００１４】
また、遮熱材１は、長手方向端部１Ｅを横架材３０等の対向立面Ｖｆに対して空気導通用の間隔Ｇ１０を保って配置するのが好ましい。
この場合は、遮熱材１の長手方向変位を生じないように１端部を天井下地材３等に止着しても良く、或いは、下面シート１２のみ突出形態として対向立面Ｖｆに当接しても良い。
従って、図１の如く、遮熱材１内を導通する空気流ａは、横架材の立面Ｖｆとの間隔Ｇ１０から上昇して横架材３０を越えて流れ出すことにより遮熱材１内の空気流動が確実に保証され、遮熱材１内の空気の高温化及び結露が抑制出来、遮熱材１の底面（下面シート１２）の高温化阻止により断熱材２に伝達される伝導熱の低減が達成出来る。
【００１５】
また、遮熱材１は、自立片１５の表面１５ｆ、及び下面シート表面１２ｆが輻射熱反射層Ｒｅを備えているのが好ましい。
この場合、遮熱材１の外面からの輻射熱のうち、上面シート１１を透過した少量の熱線は自立片の傾斜部１５ｓによって反射して自立片の上部空間Ｓｔから外方へ排除可能となり、傾斜部１５ｓ透過熱線も下面シート１２で反射排除可能となり、下面シート１２上へ側方隙間から入り込む熱線も反射排除出来る　ため、断熱材表面２ｆへの熱線による加熱阻止はより確実となる。
【００１６】
また、天井断熱構造にあっては、ボード状断熱材２の表面２ｆに遮熱材の下面シート１２を止着するのが好ましい。
ボード状断熱材２と遮熱材下面シート１２との止着は、ボード状断熱材を天井仕上材４上に敷設後に、遮熱材１の断熱材表面２ｆへの載置時に下面シート１２と断熱材表面２ｆとをホッチキス、接着剤等の慣用の止着手段で止着しても良く、予め遮熱材１にボード状断熱材２を接着剤等で層着した後、天井面上部に配置しても良い。
【００１７】
この場合は、下面シート１２と断熱材上面２ｆとの界面への加熱空気の流入は抑制出来ると共に、自立性（立体形態保持能）を備えた遮熱材１が断熱材２と一体化しているため、地震等の負荷応力が加わっても、遮熱材１の断熱材２に対する変位が阻止出来て、天井断熱構造としての遮熱材１の変位による遮熱機能の不慮の劣下も阻止出来る。
更に、遮熱材１を予め断熱材２と層着して敷設する場合は一部材としての敷設作業となり、遮熱材敷設作業が合理化出来る。
【００１８】
本発明の断熱パネルＡは、表面での輻射熱反射作用と内部での空気導通作用を奏する遮熱材１の下面に、ボード状断熱材２を一体化層着したものであって、遮熱材１は、例えば図４に示す如く、輻射熱反射層Ｒｅを表面に備えた上面シート１１を含む複数シート１１，１２を、シート材から成る起立片１３，１４群によって、上面シート１１と下面シート１２とを長手方向に倒伏自在に連結して上下シート１１，１２間に空気層空間Ｓを形成したフレーム１０に対し、シート材を幅方向両端部１５Ｅ間で頂部１５ｔ及び底部１５ｂが長手方向に並行する形態に屈曲立体化した自立片１５を、頂部１５ｔ及び底部１５ｂが上下のシート１１，１２面を当接支持するように、該空気層空間Ｓ内に挿入保持して立体形態を保持したものである（請求項６）。
【００１９】
本発明断熱パネルＡを構成する遮熱材１は、基本的には、請求項１の天井断熱構造の発明に採用する遮熱材１と同一であり、勿論、請求項１の発明に於ける遮熱材１と同様に、フレーム１０が中間シート（図示せず）を含む３層形態であって、中間シートの上下に２層の空気層空間Ｓを備え、上下各空間Ｓ内に自立片１５を挿入したタイプも含むものである。
また、「一体化層着」の意は、下面シート１２とボード状断熱材２との慣用の接着手段や止着手段等により、下面シート１２と断熱材表面２ｆとの界面に空気流動の生ずる程度の隙間が存在せず、且つ、遮熱材１と断熱材２とが一体物として取扱える止着状態の意である。
【００２０】
また、「当接支持」の意は、自立片１５の頂部１５ｔ及び底部１５ｂが、上面シート１１の内面及び下面シート１２上面と、非固定で当接支持する場合も、固定で当接支持する場合も含む意味である。
また、「挿入保持」の意は、自立片１５を空間Ｓ内に挿入しただけで自立片１５の幅方向拡開応力により保持した場合も、自立片１５の空間Ｓに対する接触部適所に接着剤、ホッチキス等の止着手段を施す場合をも含む意味である。
【００２１】
そして、本発明断熱パネルＡは、ボード状断熱材２が立体形態を保持した遮熱材１を一体的に保持しているため、断熱パネルＡの天井断熱構造への載置形態での適用は勿論、外壁断熱構造等、立体形態の遮熱材のみでは取付け困難な住宅の断熱構造にも、あたかも断熱材２のみの適用の如く断熱パネルとして適用可能であり、しかも、本発明断熱パネルＡを適用した断熱構造にあっては、遮熱材１の輻射熱反射によって断熱材２への外面からの熱線加熱が阻止出来ると共に、遮熱材１内部の空気層空間Ｓによる空気導通によって遮熱材内部の空気の高温化も抑制出来る。
【００２２】
従って、本発明断熱パネルＡは、熱伝達の３要素のうち、輻射熱伝達、及び対流熱伝達に対しては遮熱材１が有効に機能し、伝導熱伝達に対しては断熱材２が対処する断熱構造を提供し、断熱材２の加熱、蓄熱を軽減する画期的な高断熱、且つ低蓄熱の断熱構造が、従来の慣用のボード状断熱材の施工作業と同程度の作業によって提供可能となる。
【００２３】
また、本発明断熱パネルＡにあっては、自立片１５の両端部１５Ｅを、フレーム１０の空気層空間Ｓの隅端部ＳＥで支持するのが好ましい。
自立片１５はシート材の屈曲立体化物であるため、フレーム１０への挿入前に拡開状態にした自立片１５を、幅方向に狭めて空間Ｓ内に挿入すれば、自立片１５の両端部１５Ｅは空間Ｓの隅端部ＳＥで起立片１３，１４の基部を押圧する形態となり、上面シート１１と下面シート１２とが自立片１５の頂部１５ｔと底部１５ｂを挟んでフレーム１０に対する押圧力が自立片１５に幅拡開傾向を付与することと相俟って、自立片１５のフレーム１０に対する立体形態が好適に保持出来る。
従ってこの場合、断熱パネルを水平状態で用いる場合には、自立片１５のフレーム１０に対する固定すら省略出来るが、例え固定する場合でも、自立片１５の長手方向の一端又は両端での端部１５Ｅと隅端部ＳＥとの点接着程度で良く、自立片１５の空気層空間Ｓからの抜脱を阻止する程度で良い。
【００２４】
また、フレーム１０の各シート１１，１２の表面、及び自立片表面１５ｆが輻射熱反射層Ｒｅを備えているのが好ましい。
この場合、上面シート１１の輻射熱反射層Ｒｅを透過した熱線、及び下面シート１２上に到達した熱線も、自立片表面の傾斜部１５ｓ、及び下面シート表面１２ｆによって反射され、且つ自立片の上部空間Ｓｔ及び下部空間Ｓｂ（図５）から空気流として排除されるため、例え上面シート１１の輻射熱反射層Ｒｅが埃等で汚染されても遮熱機能は維持出来、断熱パネルＡの耐久性が向上する。
【００２５】
また、本発明断熱パネルＡは、フレーム１０の各シート１１，１２と起立片１３，１４、及び自立片１５が透湿性であるのが好ましい。
尚、輻射熱反射層Ｒｅの有無にかかわらず、各構成シート材にニードリング処理により微細孔（ピンホール）を散在穿孔すれば、透湿性シートと出来る。
そして、下面シート１２の透湿性は、ボード状断熱材２の吸湿による断熱機能低下を抑制するため、断熱材の材料選択の自由度が向上する。
また、各構成シート材の透湿性により、遮熱材１に対する結露も阻止出来、輻射熱反射層Ｒｅの汚染による機能低下、及びシート材の吸湿劣下も阻止出来、断熱パネルＡの耐久性が向上する。
【００２６】
また、フレーム１０の空気層空間Ｓの上面を規定するシート１１と起立片１３，１４、及び自立片１５に空気孔Ｏを散在穿孔するのが好ましい。
尚、図５の如く、空気層空間Ｓが上面シート１１と下面シート１２間に１層のみ存在する場合は、空間Ｓの上面を規定するシートは上面シート１１のみであるが、フレーム１０が３層構成であって、中間層の上下に空気層空間Ｓの存在する場合は、空間Ｓの上面を規定するシートは、上面シート１１及び中間シート（図示せず）となる。
【００２７】
従って、遮熱材１の自立片１５の下部空間Ｓｂ、上部空間Ｓｔの空気が、自立片１５の空気孔Ｏ、起立片１３，１４の空気孔Ｏ、及び上面シート１１の空気孔Ｏを介して上下左右に連通自在となるため、遮熱材１は、内部の空気流の平準化及び温度の平準化作用を奏し、結露防止はもとより、断熱材に対する均質な熱的保護を達成する。
【００２８】
また、フレーム１０の上下面シート１１，１２、起立片１３，１４、及び自立片１５がクラフト紙であるのが好ましい。
クラフト紙は、入手容易であって折目付与が容易で、折目保形性があり、且つ接着性が良好なため、シート材へのアルミ箔貼着、起立片の接着用の折曲面１３´，１４´の形成、折曲面１３´，１４´とシート面材１１，１２との接着等が容易であり、自立片１５の折目付与による屈曲立体化も容易であり、遮熱材１の製作が容易となる。
しかも、ボード状断熱材２に対する一体化固着も容易であり、断熱パネルＡが低コスト、且つ合理的に製作出来る。
【００２９】
また、本発明断熱パネルＡにあっては、充填発泡断熱材２の凝固接着力によって、フレーム１０の下面シート１２を断熱材２と一体化層着するのが好ましい。この場合、フレーム１０は起立片１３，１４によって倒伏自在であるため、フレーム１０を積層形態として断熱材成形型にセットし、例えば硬質発泡ウレタンフォームの如き、合成樹脂液を注入発泡することにより、遮熱材下面シート１２と断熱材２との一体化層着がボード状断熱材２の形成と同時に合理的に実施出来、脱型後には遮熱材１の積層形態のままで保管し、必要時に遮熱材１を起立して、起立片１３，１４で形成される空気層空間Ｓ内に自立片１５を挿入保持すれば断熱パネルＡが得られる。
従って、断熱パネルＡの製造管理が合理化出来る。
【００３０】
また、ボード状断熱材２がインシュレーションボード等の木質系断熱材であるのが好ましい。
この場合、木質系断熱材は遮音性、断熱性に優れているため、断熱パネルＡは好適な住環境提供を可能とし、しかも、廃棄処分しても微生物の作用により土に帰るため、自然環境に対する負荷がない。
従って、遮熱材にも、クラフト紙等の木材パルプ製シート材を併用することにより、環境対策上も有利な断熱パネルが得られる。
【００３１】
また、本発明断熱パネルＡは、フレーム１０の下面シート１２が輻射熱反射層Ｒｅを備えて両端に延長部Ｌ２０を備え、且つ断熱材長２Ｌと同長であるのが好ましい。
この場合、断熱パネルＡは、図３の如く、断熱材２の両端は下面シート１２の延長部Ｌ２０の輻射熱反射層Ｒｅのみで保護されることとなるが、延長部Ｌ２０（標準：２０ｍｍ）が断熱材長（標準：１８２０ｍｍ）に対して無視出来る程度であるため、断熱材２に対する遮熱材１の熱的保護機能に支障ない。
そして、遮熱材１の空気層空間Ｓ端部が延長部Ｌ２０上で開放形態となるため、断熱パネルＡを横架材や壁面等の対向立面Ｖｆに衝接形態に配置しても、図３（Ｂ）の如く、遮熱材１の両端と対向立面Ｖｆとの間には延長部Ｌ２０による間隔Ｇ１０が存在し、遮熱材１の両端は空気導通可能となり、遮熱材１内の空気流動が保証される。
【００３２】
また、遮熱材１にあっては、自立片１５の各底部１５ｂ間寸法ＰＬが、フレーム１０の空気層空間Ｓの高さＳＨと略同一であるのが好ましい。
尚、空気層空間Ｓの高さＳＨは、立体形態保持上は小さい方が自立片１５の高さも小さく出来、立体形状保持力も大となって良いが、導通空気量との関係で２０〜４０ｍｍが好ましい。
この場合、自立片１５を、屈曲形態の各頂角θが４０〜５５°でフレーム１０内に確保すれば、ＰＬとＳＨが略同一となり、自立片１５が力学的に支柱機能とブレース機能とをバランス良く発揮し、薄くて軽いクラフト紙で製作した自立片１５も必要、且つ充分な保形力を発揮する。
【００３３】
また、自立片１５は、各頂部１５ｔ及び底部１５ｂがシート材の折目線であり、各傾斜部１５ｓが平面であるのが好ましい。
この場合、自立片１５は、クラフト紙等の折目付与の容易なシート材を所定寸法で折目線により屈曲賦形するため、製作容易であって、積層形体としても、拡開シート状形態としても取扱えるため、製作管理が容易である。
しかも、力学的には、傾斜部１５ｓが平面であるため座屈抗力が大となり、頂角θを４０〜５５°に折曲形成した場合は、薄くて軽いシートでありながら最大の支柱機能及びブレース機能を発揮し、充分な立体形態保持機能を発揮する。
【００３４】
【発明の実施の形態】
〔フレーム１０の製作（図４）〕
図４から明らかな如く、遮熱材１は、フレーム１０の空気層空間Ｓ内に自立片１５を挿入保持したものであり、フレーム１０は、上面シート１１、下面シート１２及び両端の起立片１３には厚さ０．３ｍｍのクラフト紙を採用し、中間の起立片１４には厚さ０．１ｍｍのクラフト紙を採用する。
また、上面シート１１、下面シート１２及び両側の起立片１３は、表面を６×１０^−３〜６×１０^−２ｍｍ厚の市販のアルミニウム箔で貼着被覆する。
各シートの幅は、下面シート幅１２Ｗ、及び上面シート幅１１Ｗは同一で４００〜５００ｍｍとし、両側の起立片１３は、２０〜４０ｍｍ＋上側折曲面１０ｍｍ、下側の折曲面１０ｍｍであり、中間の起立片１４は、２０〜４０ｍｍ＋両側に各折曲面１０ｍｍ設ける。
また、下面シート１２は上面シート１１より両端の延長部Ｌ２０（１５〜３０ｍｍ）だけ突出させる長さ（標準長：１８２０ｍｍ）とする。
【００３５】
また、図７（Ｂ）の如く、上面シート１１及び下面シート１２には、ニードリング処理により微細孔ｈを穿設して透湿性を付与し、上面シート１１には更に３〜５ｍｍ径の空気孔Ｏを分散穿孔する。
次いで、両側の起立片１３は、上下折曲面１３´を外側に折曲部ｒで折曲してアルミ箔面を外側とし、中間起立片１４は、上側折曲面１４´と下側折曲面１４´とを反対方向に折曲部ｒで折曲し、上側面（表面）をアルミ箔とした上面シート１１と下面シート１２間に各起立片１３，１４を折曲面１３´，１４´により接着する。
得られるフレーム１０は、各起立片１３，１４が上面シート１１の全長に亘って上面シート１１と下面シート１２とを連結し、各起立片１３，１４間で空気層空間Ｓの幅ＳＷを規定し、且つ、起立片幅（２０〜４０ｍｍ）が高さＳＨを規定し、折曲部ｒによる折曲、伸長により、立体形態、又は積層形態とすることが出来るものとなる。
【００３６】
そして、アルミニウム箔はロール巻き形態で入手出来るため、アルミニウム箔の各クラフト紙への貼着も、起立片１３，１４の折曲面１３´，１４´形成も、折曲面１３´，１４´への接着剤塗布も、機械化手段で実施出来、ロール群装置（図示せず）により得られる積層形態の製品を所望寸法長に裁断すれば嵩の低い積層形態のフレーム１０が得られる。
勿論、必要に応じて、各シート材の折曲、貼着、切断は手作業で実施しても良い。
【００３７】
〔自立片（図４、図７）〕
自立片１５は、断面が図４（Ｂ）の如く頂角θが４０〜５５°で等長、且つ、平面から成る傾斜部１５ｓを備えた屈曲立体形態であり、上面シート１１と同様に０．３ｍｍ厚のクラフト紙の表面にアルミ箔を貼着し、ニードリング処理により微細孔ｈを穿設して透湿性を付与し、更に、３〜５ｍｍ径の空気孔Ｏを分散穿孔したシート材を頂部１５ｔ及び底部１５ｂで折曲して形成する。
【００３８】
従って、自立片１５は、幅方向にアコーデオン状に伸縮可能なものであり、傾斜部１５ｓ１辺の頂部１５ｔから底部１５ｂまでの寸法、即ち、折目幅の寸法は、フレーム１０の空間Ｓの高さＳＨと傾斜角（頂角）とで決定出来、図５（Ｂ）の如く、フレーム１０の空気層空間Ｓ内に自立片１５を挿入し、両端部１５Ｅが両側隅端部ＳＥに当接した際に、傾斜部１５ｓに、ブレース機能と支柱機能とをバランスさせるために、空間Ｓの高さＳＨと、自立片底部１５ｂ相互間寸法ＰＬとが略同一（ＰＬ／ＳＨ＝０．８〜１）で、且つ頂部１５ｔ及び底部１５ｂがそれぞれ上面シート１１及び下面シート１２に当接する寸法であり、自立片１５は、頂角θを４０〜５５°として空気層空間Ｓの高さＳＨに対応して屈曲立体化すれば良い。
【００３９】
〔遮熱材の製作（図４、図５）〕
用意したフレーム１０の各空気層空間Ｓ内に、別途用意した自立片１５を立体形状として挿入する。
この場合、空間Ｓの幅ＳＷ及び高さＳＨに対して、自立片１５の幅１５Ｗ、傾斜部１５ｓの寸法、及び頂角θの決定が適切であれば、自立片１５の両側端部１５Ｅが両側の起立片１３，１４の基部の隅端部ＳＥに当接し、且つ頂部１５ｔが上面シート１１に、低部１５ｂが下面シート１２に当接して上面シート１１及び下面シート１２を平坦形態に保持する。
そして、この状態でフレーム隅端部ＳＥと自立片端部１５Ｅとを、自立片１５の長手方向の両端部でのみ接着剤Ａｄで点接着固定する。
【００４０】
そして、自立片１５は、頂角θが４０〜５５°であれば、底部１５ｂ相互の間隔寸法ＰＬは空気層空間Ｓの高さ寸法ＳＨと同一か、若干小となり、上面シート１１に対して多くの頂部１５ｔが配置出来、自立片１５は、空気層空間Ｓ内の空気流動に対する少ない干渉の下に、必要な支柱機能とブレース機能とを充たす形態となり、且つ、各傾斜部１５ｓも平面であって座屈抗力は大となり、薄くて軽いクラフト紙でありながら強固、且つ充分な支柱機能を奏する。
【００４１】
この場合、フレーム１０に対する自立片１５の寸法の選定に若干の誤差があって、自立片頂部１５ｔが上面シート１１を若干持上げ形態となっても、また、上面シート１１が頂部１５ｔより若干浮上った状態となっても、自立片１５の幅方向変位を防止しているため、自立片１５はフレーム１０の立体形態を必要、且つ充分に保持出来る。
【００４２】
しかし、自立片１５の傾斜部１５ｓがブレース兼支柱作用を好適に奏するためにも、自立片１５のフレーム１０からの抜脱を防止するためにも、自立片端部１５Ｅの下面シート１２との固定は好ましいが、端部１５Ｅが隅端部ＳＥに対して当接状態であれば、頂部１５ｔへの押圧力によって端部１５Ｅが拡開応力を受けても端部１５Ｅの拡開すべりは起立片１３，１４の基部が阻止し、自立片１５がブレース機能及び支柱機能を発揮するので、端部１５Ｅと隅端部ＳＥとの固定は、自立片１５の滑動、抜脱阻止程度の点接着で充分である。
【００４３】
また、自立片１５のフレーム１０に対する寸法選定により、自立片頂部１５ｔと上面シート１１下面とが遊離してフレーム１０が傾動する恐れのある場合は、自立片頂部１５ｔを上面シート１１とホッチキス等で止着しても良く、必要に応じて、上面シート１１又は下面シート１２と、自立片の頂部１５ｔ又は底部１５ｂとを接着剤、ホッチキス等、慣用の固定手段で止着すれば良い。
【００４４】
〔遮熱材１の使用（図１）〕
上述の如くして得られる遮熱材１を、図１の如く、天井仕上材４上に敷設された断熱材２の層上に相互に当接形態で載置すれば、遮熱材１自体が内部の自立片１５によって立体形態を具備するため、断熱材層に対する安定的な被覆保護を達成する。
そして、遮熱材１の長手方向端縁では輻射熱反射層Ｒｅを備えた下面シート１２が延長部Ｌ２０を延出しているため、延長部Ｌ２０の対向立面Ｖｆへの衝接によって移動変位を阻止すると共に、遮熱材端１Ｅと横架材３０等の対向立面Ｖｆとの間に形成出来る間隔Ｇ１０によって、遮熱材内部の空気流ａの吸入、排出を保証する。
勿論、必要に応じて遮熱材１の側縁部や端部（延長部Ｌ２０）等にホッチキス、接着テープ、釘等、簡単な止着手段を施して変位防止しても良い。
【００４５】
従って、天井断熱構造は、従来の手法で敷設した断熱材２の層上に、本発明の新規な遮熱材１を単に配置敷設するだけで、遮熱材１内の空気導通を保証しながら断熱材全表面を輻射熱反射層Ｒｅが被覆した形態となり、遮熱材１の輻射熱反射作用と空気導通作用とによって、断熱材２は、輻射熱加熱が阻止され、且つ、遮熱材１内の空気の高温化も阻止されるために、低加熱、低蓄熱となり、高断熱、且つ低蓄熱の断熱材の断熱構造となり、居室内への熱的負荷が軽減出来、居室の省エネルギーを達成する。
しかも、遮熱材の各シートが透湿性であるため、断熱材２の吸湿による断熱機能低下が抑制出来、断熱材２の材料選択が自在となる。
【００４６】
〔断熱パネルＡの製作（図６）〕
図６は、遮熱材１の下面シート１２が下面に硬質ウレタンフォーム断熱材２を備えたものであり、（Ａ）は斜視図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）のＢ−Ｂ断面図、（Ｃ）は各構成材の分解斜視図である。
遮熱材１は、フレーム１０の下面シート１２が上面シート１１より両端の延長部Ｌ２０（１５〜３０ｍｍ）だけ長く、且つ上面シート１１、下面シート１２、起立片１３、及び自立片のシートが０．３ｍｍ厚のクラフト紙であり、自立片の頂角θを４０〜５５°、空気層空間Ｓの高さＳＨを２０〜３０ｍｍに選定し、自立片１５の両端１５Ｅを、フレーム１０の空間Ｓ内に挿入して該空間Ｓの両側の隅端部ＳＥに接着したものである。
該遮熱材１は、硬質ウレタンフォームの注入時の発泡圧０．５ｋｇ／ｃｍ^２に充分耐えられるため、遮熱材１を中芯材として型組みし、下面シート１２の下面に硬質ウレタンフォームを充填発泡一体化出来る。
【００４７】
そして、図３（Ａ）の如く、遮熱材１が、下面シート長１２Ｌのみ断熱材長２Ｌと同長であって両端に延長部Ｌ２０を備えているため、遮熱材１の両端に補助枠（図示せず）を当接して遮熱材１を中芯材とすることにより断熱材を充填発泡一体化出来る。
勿論、フレーム１０を起立片１３，１４の倒伏によって積層化して、断熱材成形用の型組みし、硬質ウレタンフォームと下面シート１２とを充填発泡成形で一体化した後、図４（Ａ）の如く、起立片１３，１４を起こして空気層空間Ｓを形成し、該空間Ｓ内に自立片１５を挿入固定しても良く、この場合は型組みが簡便である。
【００４８】
また、フレーム１０を積層形体として下面シート１２と成形発泡合成樹脂のボード状断熱材２とを接着一体化した後、所望時にフレーム１０の起立片１３，１４を起立して空気層空間Ｓを形成し、該空間Ｓ内に自立片１５を頂角４０〜５５°に立体化して挿入し、自立片端部１５Ｅを空間Ｓの隅端部ＳＥに接着しても良い。
【００４９】
〔断熱パネルＡの使用（図２、図３）〕
図３（Ａ）に示す如く、断熱パネルＡの長手方向両端部には、断熱材２と下面シート１２のみの延長部Ｌ２０が存在し、遮熱材の上面シート１１及び自立片１５が長手方向両端で切欠された形態で、上面シート幅１１Ｗと断熱材幅２Ｗが同一、且つ天井下地材３の間隔３Ｗと略同一のパネルを１階屋根裏の天井断熱に適用する。
この場合、天井仕上材４の張設前に、居室側から天井下地材３間に嵌め込み、断熱材２を下地材３に釘止めし、防湿シート５を介して天井仕上材４を、断熱材２の下面に当接して天井下地材３に釘等で固定すれば良い。
【００５０】
得られる天井断熱構造は、断熱パネルＡが天井下地材３間を閉止形態とするが長手方向両端では、横架材３０等の対向立面Ｖｆと遮熱材端１Ｅとの間に間隔Ｇ１０が存在し、該間隔Ｇ１０が断熱パネルＡの遮熱材１内に挿入固定している自立片１５で形成維持した空気層空間Ｓの空気導通、即ち、自立片１５の上部空間Ｓｔ及び下部空間Ｓｂの空気導通、を保証し、断熱材２への負荷熱のうち、輻射熱伝達は、遮熱材の上面シート１１、自立片１５及び下面シート１２が反射阻止し、しかも、遮熱材１内の空気導通によって内部空気の高温化も阻止出来るため、高断熱、且つ低蓄熱の高性能断熱を発揮する。
【００５１】
〔その他〕
自立片１５は、図８（Ａ）に示す如く、断面台形で頂部１５ｔ、底部１５ｂ及び傾斜部１５ｓが平面の形態に、クラフト紙で折曲形成しても良い。
この場合は、実施態様例（図４）同様に、傾斜部１５ｓの傾斜角を適切に選定すれば、傾斜部１５ｓが支柱機能とブレース機能を発揮し、更に頂部１５ｔ、底部１５ｂが平面であるため、上下面のシートとのスムーズな当接支持が可能となり、頂部１５ｔ又は底部１５ｂのフレーム１０へのホッチキス等による止着が容易になる。
また、図８（Ｂ）の如く、弯曲形態の傾斜部１５ｓとしても、ブレース機能及び支柱機能の発揮は可能である。
但し、弯曲形態傾斜部１５ｓは、抗座屈力が弱くなるため、この形態にあっては保形性に優れた、例えば、プラスチック成形シート等を選べば良い。
【００５２】
【発明の効果】
本発明の天井断熱構造にあっては、遮熱材１が挿入自立片１５によって強固な自立性を有しているため、従来の天井断熱の手法で配置した断熱材２の層上に遮熱材１を適宜に載置敷設して行くだけで断熱材２への遮熱材の被覆保護が遂行出来、新規な天井断熱構造の形成が容易に形成出来る。
しかも、使用遮熱材１自体は、クラフト紙等のシート材から成るフレーム１０と自立片１５との組立て品であるため、フレーム１０と自立片１５とを別々に嵩の低い形態で保管し、必要時に自立片１５をフレーム１０に組み込んで使用すれば良く、遮熱材１の製作、管理も容易である。
【００５３】
そして、遮熱材１の輻射熱反射作用と空気導通作用とによって、断熱材への外部からの熱線透過阻止と遮熱材下面シート１２上の空気の高温化抑制が達成出来、天井断熱構造の高断熱化と低蓄熱化が可能となる。
従って、断熱材２は、従来と同一材料を用いて薄肉化が出来、この場合、薄肉化と加熱量低減との相乗効果により、大幅な蓄熱軽減が可能となり、家屋居室の省エネルギー化が可能となる。
【００５４】
また、断熱パネルの発明にあっては、保形性のあるボード状断熱材２に立体形態に維持された遮熱材１が一体化層着されているため、天井断熱構造への適用は勿論、家屋の外壁断熱構造等、立体形体のシート材製の遮熱材１のみでの取付け困難な断熱位置への適用も容易となる。
そして、本発明断熱パネルＡを適用した断熱構造にあっては、遮熱材１の輻射熱反射作用によって断熱材２への外部からの熱線加熱が阻止出来ると共に、遮熱材内部の空気層空間Ｓによる空気導通によって遮熱材内部の空気の高温化も抑制出来る。
【００５５】
従って、本発明断熱パネルＡは、熱伝達の３要素のうちの、輻射熱伝達と対流熱伝達に対しては遮熱材１が対処し、伝導熱伝達に対しては断熱材２が対処する断熱構造を提供し、断熱材２の加熱、蓄熱を軽減する画期的な高断熱、且つ低蓄熱の断熱構造が、慣用のボード状断熱材の施工作業によって提供可能となる。
【００５６】
また、遮熱材１を構成する、上面シート１１、下面シート１２及び自立片１５が共に輻射熱反射層を備え、且つ透湿性であるため、一部のシートに汚れ等によって熱線反射能低下を生じても、他のシートが補完して輻射熱反射機能の維持が可能となり、構成シートの透湿性によって遮熱材１の結露防止及び吸湿劣下を抑制するため、遮熱材１の耐久性が大である。
しかも、下面シート１２の透湿性は、断熱材の吸湿による断熱機能低下も抑制するため、断熱材の材料選択の自由度も向上する。
【００５７】
また、遮熱材１の上面シート１１、起立片１３，１４及び自立片１５が空気孔Ｏを備えているため、遮熱材１内の結露防止は勿論、空気層空間Ｓ内の自立片１５で仕切られた上部空間Ｓｔ、下部空間Ｓｂ等の各空間の上下及び起立片１３，１４の仕切の左右の空気流通が可能となり、遮熱材１の空気導通の均斉化による部分吸湿劣下の抑制、及び断熱材２への加熱抑制の均斉化が得られ、断熱構造の耐久性が向上する。
【００５８】
また、遮熱材１のフレーム１０は、上下複数シート１１，１２をシート材の起立片１３，１４で倒伏自在に連結して空気層空間Ｓを形成しているため、フレーム１０は倒伏積層状で保管、搬送し、必要時に自立片１５を挿入固定して遮熱材１とすることが出来、断熱材との一体化層着時も圧接自在の積層形態で実施出来、ボード状断熱材との圧着固定も、成形型にセットして充填発泡成形による一体化も可能であって、遮熱材の製作、及び断熱パネルの製造管理が容易である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明天井断熱構造の略示斜視図である。
【図２】本発明の断熱パネルの使用状態説明図である。
【図３】本発明断熱パネルの図であって、（Ａ）は斜視図、（Ｂ）は使用状態断面図である。
【図４】本発明に用いる遮熱材であって、（Ａ）は自立片挿入状態斜視図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）のＢ−Ｂ線断面でのフレーム１０及び自立片１５の分解図である。
【図５】本発明遮熱材の説明図であって、（Ａ）は斜視図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。
【図６】本発明断熱パネルの図であって、（Ａ）は斜視図、（Ｂ）は（Ａ）のＢ−Ｂ線断面図、（Ｃ）は分解斜視図である。
【図７】本発明構成材の斜視図であって、（Ａ）は自立片１５の、（Ｂ）は上面シート１１の図である。
【図８】（Ａ），（Ｂ）は、それぞれ自立片の異なる変形例正面図である。
【図９】従来例の斜視図であって、（Ａ）は概略を、（Ｂ）は遮熱材固定状態を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１：遮熱材、　　　　　　　２：断熱材、　　　　　　３：天井下地材、
４：天井仕上材、　　　　　５：防湿シート、
１１：上面シート、　　　　１２：下面シート、
１３，１４：起立片、　　　１３´，１４´：折曲面、
１５：自立片、　　　　　　１５ｂ：底部、　　　　　１５ｓ：傾斜部、
１５ｔ：頂部、　　　　　　１５Ｅ：端部、
Ａ：断熱パネル、　　　　　Ｏ：空気孔、
Ｒｅ：輻射熱反射層、　　　Ｓ：空気層空間、　　　　ＳＥ：隅端部[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat insulating structure for reducing heat storage and heat storage of a heat insulating material in a ceiling heat insulating structure of a house, and a heat insulating panel that can be suitably used for the heat insulating structure, and belongs to the technical field of house building. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the attic of a general wooden house building, a vault vent is installed to assimilate the temperature inside the cabin to the outside air as much as possible, but the temperature inside the cabin depends on the temperature of the building. High temperatures may occur depending on building area, sunshine conditions and season.
In order to reduce such adverse effects on the living room due to the heat in the interior space of the back of the hut, generally, fibrous heat insulating material is blown into the back of the ceiling of the house (the upper surface of the ceiling finishing material), or hard or hard. Urethane foam insulation is laid.
However, the thermal insulation itself suppresses the transfer of conduction heat, but is exposed to severe heating conditions, so it absorbs and stores large amounts of heat during the day, resulting in heat storage as a heat storage body even if the outside air temperature decreases at night. The amount continues to be dissipated to the indoor side, and the cooling energy load increases in the living room.
[0003]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present applicant has proposed an epoch-making house heat insulation structure as Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-271335 (Patent No. 3251000).
FIG. 9 is an invention of Japanese Patent No. 3251000, in which a heat insulating material is covered and protected by a heat shielding material having a radiant heat reflection layer and an air space for air conduction. Of the heat T1 and T2 applied from the outside such as the roof surface and the roof gap to the heat insulating material, the radiant heat is prevented, the heating and heat storage of the heat insulating material is reduced, and the transmitted heat T30 into the living room is extremely reduced. Although it is an effective heat insulation method, the heat insulating material does not retain its shape and falls down, so the end of the heat insulating material must be nailed to the surrounding pillars, beams, wall boards, etc., or fixed by tape. For example, as shown in FIG. 9 (B), when the heat insulating material behind the ceiling is covered and protected with a heat insulating material, the heat insulating material is cut off at the place where the bundle comes into contact with the bundle. And a part of the cutout portion of the upper sheet of the heat shield is fixed as a mounting piece P and fixed to the bundle. Has been held in the ability demonstrated can be upright state.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the invention of the heat insulation structure shown in FIG. 9 (Japanese Patent No. 3251000) is an effective invention having an epoch-making function of reducing the heat and heat storage of the heat insulation material, but the heat insulation material tends to deform and lie down. Therefore, it is a complicated and difficult operation to arrange and fix the heat shield in an upright state so that the heat shield fully functions on the heat insulator.
The present invention has a novel structure in which a heat insulating material that easily deforms and lays down has a novel structure, and a structure in which the heat insulating material itself maintains its independence so that the covering of the ceiling heat insulating material can be easily performed.
[0005]
Means and Action for Solving the Problems
As shown in FIG. 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the roof heat insulating structure of a house according to the present invention has two layers of heat insulating material laid on the ceiling finishing material 4 and has a radiant heat reflection layer Re for preventing radiant heat heating and an air layer space S for conducting air. The heat insulating material 1 includes a top sheet 11 provided with a radiant heat reflecting layer Re on the surface as shown in FIG. 4, for example. The tops 15t and the bottoms 15b are formed in the air space S of the frame 10 in which the sheets 11, 12 are laid up and down by a group of standing pieces 13 and 14 made of sheet material to form an air space S in the longitudinal direction. The self-standing piece 15 in which the sheet material is bent and solidified in a form parallel to the longitudinal direction between the both ends 15E in the width direction is inserted into a form in which each top 15t and bottom 15b abut and support the upper and lower sheets 11, 12 of the space S. Hold and three-dimensional It is obtained by holding the state (claim 1).
[0006]
In this case, the "insulation material 2" means a conventional glass fiber mat, molded foam resin board, or the like that can be laid on the ceiling finishing material. Any coating may be used as long as it has the same or similar function, and the heat insulating material 2 may be slightly exposed between the heat insulating materials 1. However, the lower surface of the heat insulating material 1, that is, the lower surface of the lower sheet 12, is insulated. When air flow occurs between the heat insulating material and the surface of the material, the thermal protection function of the heat insulating material 1 against the heat insulating material 2 is reduced.
Of course, it is preferable that the heat shielding material 1 does not generate lateral displacement, and should be arranged in a mutual contact form so that no gap is generated.
[0007]
The “radiation heat reflection layer Re” may be any layer that can reflect heat rays, such as a metal deposition film or a metal foil. ^-3 ~ 6 × 10 ^-2 mm aluminum foil layer.
It is advantageous to provide the radiant heat reflection layer Re not only on the top sheet 11 but also on the surface of the freestanding piece from the viewpoint of removing heat-calorie heating calories inside the heat shield.
The “sheet material” of the self-supporting piece 15 may be a plastic sheet having shape-retaining properties as shown in FIG. 8B. The sheet is also preferable as the constituent sheet of the self-supporting piece 15, and is typically kraft paper having a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
[0008]
In addition, the meaning of “bending three-dimensionally” means a three-dimensional bending by folding a top part 15t and a bottom part 15b as shown in FIG. 4 or a plane form between the top part 15t and the bottom part 15b as shown in FIG. The presence of the inclined portion 15s also has a broad meaning, including, for example, the one in which the inclined portion 15s is curved to be three-dimensional as shown in FIG. 8B.
Further, the meaning of the “plural sheets 11 and 12” including the top sheet 11 means that at least one layer of the air layer space S is indispensable for the heat shield material 1 and the one layer of the air layer space S is 4 and the lower sheet 12 (FIG. 4), or the three sheets of the upper sheet 11, the lower sheet 12, and the intermediate sheet in which the air space S is formed in two layers, an upper layer and a lower layer. This includes the case (not shown).
[0009]
In the ceiling heat insulating structure of the present invention, even when the mat-shaped heat insulating material 2 is laid on the ceiling base material 3 in a surface wavy shape, the heat insulating material 1 retains a three-dimensional form by the self-standing pieces 15. Therefore, it is possible to follow the surface of the heat insulating material, and the heat insulating material 1 only needs to be placed in a form in which the heat insulating materials 1 abut against each other at the side edges, and the work of covering the surface of the heat insulating material 2 with the heat insulating material 1 is easy. The two layers of the heat insulating material are prevented from being heated by the radiant heat reflecting layer Re of the top sheet 11 of the heat insulating material 1, and the temperature inside the heat insulating material 1 is increased by the air flow in the space S guaranteed by the self-standing pieces 15. Since the heat conduction to the heat insulating material surface is also reduced by the suppression, the heating from the outer surface of the heat insulating material 1 to the heat insulating material 2 layer is reduced, and the heat storage amount of the heat insulating material 2 layer is also reduced.
[0010]
If the width 11W of the upper sheet 11 is wider than the width 12W of the lower sheet 12 and slightly protrudes on both sides (standard: 20 mm), the surface of the heat insulating material 2 has a wavy form. Also, due to the expansion or intrusion of the overlapping form at the side edges of the upper sheet 11 of the heat shield 1, it is possible to prevent the generation of a gap between the side edges of the upper sheet 11, and to make the surface of the two layers of the heat insulating material without a gap. Can protect coating.
[0011]
Therefore, when the material of the heat insulating material 2 is the same as the conventional one, the thickness of the heat insulating material 2T can be reduced, the amount of heat storage can be further reduced, and the total thickness of the heat insulating material 2T and the heat shielding material 1T is reduced by the conventional heat insulating material. It can be carried out with the same thickness as the material thickness, and the ceiling insulation structure with high heat insulation and low heat storage can be easily constructed without making the heat insulation structure specially thick.
[0012]
In addition, since the frame 10 and the self-standing pieces 15 of the heat shield 1 are formed of a foldable sheet material, each sheet material can be easily folded, adhered, layered, and the like, and the heat shield 1 is manufactured. And the frame 10 can be laid down freely by the standing pieces 13 and 14, so that it can be stored and transported in a low-volume laminated form, and can be assembled with a separate self-standing piece 15 when needed when needed. Since the heat insulating material 1 can be used as the heat insulating material 1, production management and storage of the heat insulating material 1 are easy.
[0013]
Further, it is preferable that the heat insulating material 2 is inserted between the ceiling base materials 3 and laid on the ceiling finishing material 4.
In this case, the use of the board-shaped heat insulating material 2 is advantageous, but the dimensional stability of the heat insulating material 2 is increased by the ceiling base material 3 and the ceiling finishing material 4 even if the irregular heat insulating material 2 such as glass wool is filled. In addition, the wavy form of the surface can be suppressed.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the laying of the self-supporting heat insulating material 1 can be carried out uniformly in a mutual abutting manner, and the lower surface of the heat insulating material and the surface of the heat insulating material are abutted on a flat surface. The thermal protection function for the material 2 can be sufficiently exhibited.
[0014]
Further, it is preferable that the heat shield 1 is disposed such that the longitudinal end 1E thereof is spaced from the facing vertical surface Vf of the horizontal member 30 or the like with a gap G10 for air conduction.
In this case, one end may be fixed to the ceiling base material 3 or the like so as not to displace the heat shield 1 in the longitudinal direction, or only the lower sheet 12 may be protruded so as to abut the opposing vertical surface Vf. May be.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the air flow a flowing through the inside of the heat shield 1 rises from the gap G <b> 10 with the vertical surface Vf of the horizontal member and flows out beyond the horizontal member 30, thereby causing the inside of the heat shield 1 to flow. Air flow in the heat insulating material 1 can be reliably assured, and high temperature and dew condensation of the air in the heat insulating material 1 can be suppressed, and the conduction heat transmitted to the heat insulating material 2 by preventing the temperature of the bottom surface (the lower sheet 12) of the heat insulating material 1 from being raised. Can be reduced.
[0015]
In the heat shield 1, the surface 15f of the self-supporting piece 15 and the lower sheet surface 12f preferably have a radiant heat reflection layer Re.
In this case, of the radiant heat from the outer surface of the heat shield 1, a small amount of heat rays transmitted through the top sheet 11 is reflected by the inclined portion 15 s of the self-supporting piece and can be removed outward from the upper space St of the self-supporting piece. Since the transmitted heat rays of the portion 15s can also be reflected and eliminated by the lower sheet 12 and the heat rays entering the lower sheet 12 from the side gap can also be eliminated by reflection, the heating of the heat insulating material surface 2f can be more reliably prevented from being heated.
[0016]
Further, in the case of the ceiling heat insulating structure, it is preferable that the lower surface sheet 12 of the heat insulating material is fixed to the surface 2 f of the board-shaped heat insulating material 2.
The fastening between the board-shaped heat insulating material 2 and the heat insulating material lower sheet 12 is performed by laying the board heat insulating material on the ceiling finishing material 4 and then placing the heat insulating material 1 on the heat insulating material surface 2f. The surface 2f of the heat insulating material may be fixed by a conventional fixing means such as a stapler, an adhesive, or the like. It may be arranged.
[0017]
In this case, the flow of the heated air to the interface between the lower sheet 12 and the upper surface 2 f of the heat insulating material can be suppressed, and the heat insulating material 1 having self-supporting (three-dimensional shape holding ability) is integrated with the heat insulating material 2. Therefore, even if a load stress such as an earthquake is applied, the displacement of the heat insulating material 1 with respect to the heat insulating material 2 can be prevented, and the accidental deterioration of the heat insulating function due to the displacement of the heat insulating material 1 as the ceiling heat insulating structure can be prevented. .
Furthermore, when the heat insulating material 1 is layered in advance with the heat insulating material 2 and laid, the laying work is performed as one member, and the work of laying the heat insulating material can be streamlined.
[0018]
The heat insulation panel A of the present invention is obtained by integrating a board-shaped heat insulation material 2 on the lower surface of a heat insulation material 1 exhibiting a radiant heat reflection function on the surface and an air conduction function inside, and a heat insulation material. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of sheets 11 and 12 including an upper sheet 11 provided with a radiant heat reflecting layer Re on the surface are formed by a group of standing pieces 13 and 14 made of sheet material to form an upper sheet 11 and a lower sheet 12. The top and bottom portions 15t and 15b are parallel to the longitudinal direction in the frame 10 in which the air layer space S is formed between the upper and lower sheets 11 and 12 by connecting the upper and lower sheets 11 and 12 in the longitudinal direction. A self-supporting piece 15 bent into a three-dimensional shape inserted and held in the air space S so that the top part 15t and the bottom part 15b abut and support the upper and lower sheets 11, 12 so as to maintain a three-dimensional form. (Request 6).
[0019]
The heat insulating material 1 constituting the heat insulating panel A of the present invention is basically the same as the heat insulating material 1 employed in the invention of the ceiling heat insulating structure of the first aspect, and of course, the invention of the first aspect Like the heat shield 1, the frame 10 has a three-layer configuration including an intermediate sheet (not shown), and has two air layer spaces S above and below the intermediate sheet. This also includes the type in which 15 is inserted.
In addition, the meaning of “integral layering” means that air flow is generated at the interface between the lower sheet 12 and the heat insulating material surface 2f by a conventional bonding means or fastening means between the lower sheet 12 and the board-shaped heat insulating material 2. There is no such gap, and the heat insulating material 1 and the heat insulating material 2 are in a fixed state in which they can be handled as an integral object.
[0020]
In addition, the meaning of “contact support” means that the top portion 15t and the bottom portion 15b of the self-supporting piece 15 are fixedly supported in contact with the inner surface of the upper sheet 11 and the upper surface of the lower sheet 12 in a non-fixed manner. The meaning includes the case.
In addition, the meaning of “insertion and holding” means that the self-supporting piece 15 is only inserted into the space S and is held by the stress in the width direction of the self-supporting piece 15 even when the self-supporting piece 15 is in contact with the space S at an appropriate position. This also includes a case where fastening means such as a stapler or the like is applied.
[0021]
And since the board | substrate-shaped heat insulating material 2 integrally hold | maintains the heat insulating material 1 which hold | maintained the three-dimensional form, application of the heat insulating panel A of this invention in the mounting form to the ceiling heat insulating structure of the heat insulating panel A is not possible. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to a heat insulating structure of a house, such as an outer wall heat insulating structure, which is difficult to install with only a three-dimensional heat insulating material, as if the heat insulating material 2 alone was used. In the applied heat insulation structure, the radiant heat reflection of the heat shielding material 1 can prevent the heating of the heat ray from the outer surface to the heat insulating material 2, and the air conduction by the air space S inside the heat shielding material 1 allows the heat conduction inside the heat shielding material. The temperature of the air can also be suppressed.
[0022]
Therefore, in the heat insulating panel A of the present invention, of the three elements of heat transfer, the heat shield 1 effectively functions for radiant heat transfer and convective heat transfer, and the heat insulator 2 handles conductive heat transfer. Innovative high-insulation and low-heat-storage insulation structure that reduces the heat and heat storage of the insulation material 2 by providing the same heat insulation structure as that of the conventional board-type insulation material It becomes possible.
[0023]
Further, in the heat insulation panel A of the present invention, it is preferable that both end portions 15E of the self-supporting piece 15 be supported by the corner ends SE of the air space S of the frame 10.
Since the self-supporting piece 15 is a bent three-dimensional product of a sheet material, if the self-supporting piece 15 that has been expanded before being inserted into the frame 10 is narrowed in the width direction and inserted into the space S, both ends of the self-supporting piece 15 15E is a form in which the bases of the standing pieces 13 and 14 are pressed at the corner end SE of the space S, and the upper sheet 11 and the lower sheet 12 are pressed against the frame 10 with the top 15t and the bottom 15b of the self-standing piece 15 interposed therebetween. Along with giving the self-supporting piece 15 a tendency to widen, the three-dimensional form of the self-supporting piece 15 with respect to the frame 10 can be suitably maintained.
Therefore, in this case, when the heat insulating panel is used in a horizontal state, even the fixing of the self-supporting piece 15 to the frame 10 can be omitted. However, even when the self-standing piece 15 is fixed, the self-supporting piece 15 has an end 15E at one or both ends in the longitudinal direction. A degree of point adhesion to the corner end SE may be sufficient, and a degree of preventing the self-standing piece 15 from being pulled out of the air space S may be sufficient.
[0024]
It is preferable that the surface of each of the sheets 11 and 12 of the frame 10 and the surface 15 f of the free-standing piece are provided with the radiation heat reflection layer Re.
In this case, the heat rays transmitted through the radiation heat reflecting layer Re of the upper sheet 11 and the heat rays reaching the lower sheet 12 are also reflected by the inclined portion 15s of the surface of the free-standing piece and the lower sheet surface 12f, and the upper space of the free-standing piece. St and the lower space Sb (FIG. 5) are excluded as an air flow, so that even if the radiant heat reflection layer Re of the top sheet 11 is contaminated with dust or the like, the heat shielding function can be maintained and the durability of the heat insulating panel A is improved. I do.
[0025]
Moreover, in the heat insulation panel A of the present invention, it is preferable that each of the sheets 11, 12 and the upright pieces 13, 14 and the self-standing piece 15 of the frame 10 be permeable to moisture.
Regardless of the presence or absence of the radiation heat reflecting layer Re, a moisture-permeable sheet can be obtained by scatteredly perforating fine holes (pinholes) by needling treatment in each constituent sheet material.
In addition, the moisture permeability of the lower sheet 12 suppresses a decrease in the heat insulating function due to moisture absorption of the board-shaped heat insulating material 2, so that the degree of freedom in selecting a material of the heat insulating material is improved.
In addition, the moisture permeability of each constituent sheet material can prevent dew condensation on the heat-insulating material 1, and can also prevent deterioration in function due to contamination of the radiant heat reflection layer Re and deterioration in moisture absorption of the sheet material, thereby improving durability of the heat insulating panel A. I do.
[0026]
In addition, it is preferable that air holes O are scattered and perforated in the sheet 11 defining the upper surface of the air space S of the frame 10, the upright pieces 13, 14, and the freestanding piece 15.
When only one layer of the air space S exists between the upper sheet 11 and the lower sheet 12 as shown in FIG. 5, the upper sheet 11 is the only sheet that defines the upper surface of the space S, but the frame 10 is When the air layer space S exists above and below the intermediate layer, the sheets defining the upper surface of the space S are the upper sheet 11 and the intermediate sheet (not shown).
[0027]
Accordingly, the air in the lower space Sb and the upper space St of the self-standing piece 15 of the heat shield 1 passes through the air hole O of the self-standing piece 15, the air hole O of the rising pieces 13 and 14, and the air hole O of the top sheet 11. Therefore, the heat shield material 1 has a function of leveling the internal air flow and leveling the temperature, and achieves not only dew condensation prevention but also uniform thermal protection for the heat insulating material.
[0028]
Further, the upper and lower sheets 11, 12 and the upright pieces 13, 14 and the self-standing piece 15 of the frame 10 are preferably made of kraft paper.
Kraft paper is easy to obtain, easy to apply folds, has good fold shape retention, and has good adhesiveness. Therefore, a bent surface 13 for sticking aluminum foil to a sheet material and bonding a standing piece. , 14 ', and adhesion between the bent surfaces 13', 14 'and the sheet surface materials 11, 12 can be easily formed. Can be easily manufactured.
Moreover, it is easy to integrate and fix to the board-shaped heat insulating material 2, and the heat insulating panel A can be manufactured at low cost and rationally.
[0029]
Further, in the heat insulation panel A of the present invention, it is preferable that the lower surface sheet 12 of the frame 10 is integrally layered with the heat insulation material 2 by the solidification adhesive force of the filled foam heat insulation material 2. In this case, since the frame 10 can be laid down by the standing pieces 13 and 14, the frame 10 is set in a laminated form in a heat insulating material forming mold, and a synthetic resin liquid such as hard foamed urethane foam is injected and foamed. The heat insulating material lower sheet 12 and the heat insulating material 2 can be rationally integrated at the same time as the formation of the board-shaped heat insulating material 2. Sometimes, the heat insulating material 1 is erected, and the heat-insulating panel A is obtained by inserting and holding the self-standing piece 15 in the air space S formed by the erected pieces 13 and 14.
Therefore, the production management of the heat insulating panel A can be rationalized.
[0030]
Moreover, it is preferable that the board-shaped heat insulating material 2 is a wood-based heat insulating material such as an insulation board.
In this case, the wood-based heat insulating material is excellent in sound insulation and heat insulation, so that the heat insulation panel A can provide a suitable living environment. There is no load on.
Accordingly, by using a wood pulp sheet material such as kraft paper as the heat shield material, a heat insulating panel that is advantageous in environmental measures can be obtained.
[0031]
Further, in the heat insulating panel A of the present invention, it is preferable that the lower sheet 12 of the frame 10 be provided with the radiant heat reflecting layer Re, be provided with the extended portions L20 at both ends, and have the same length as the heat insulating material length 2L.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, both ends of the heat insulating material 2 of the heat insulating panel A are protected only by the radiant heat reflection layer Re of the extension L20 of the lower sheet 12, but the extension L20 (standard: 20 mm) is not provided. Since it is negligible with respect to the heat insulating material length (standard: 1820 mm), it does not hinder the thermal protection function of the heat insulating material 1 with respect to the heat insulating material 2.
And since the end part of the air space S of the heat shield 1 is open on the extension L20, even if the heat insulating panel A is arranged in an abutting manner on the facing vertical surface Vf such as a horizontal member or a wall surface, As shown in FIG. 3B, a gap G10 exists between the both ends of the heat shield 1 and the opposing vertical surface Vf by the extension L20. The air flow inside is guaranteed.
[0032]
In the heat shield 1, it is preferable that the dimension PL between the bottoms 15 b of the self-standing pieces 15 is substantially the same as the height SH of the air space S of the frame 10.
The smaller the height SH of the air space S is, the smaller the height of the self-supporting piece 15 and the larger the three-dimensional shape holding power may be in terms of the three-dimensional shape. Is preferred.
In this case, if the self-supporting piece 15 is secured in the frame 10 with the apex angle θ of the bent form being 40 to 55 °, the PL and the SH become substantially the same, and the self-supporting piece 15 dynamically has the support function and the brace function. And a self-standing piece 15 made of thin and light kraft paper is necessary and exhibits sufficient shape-retaining power.
[0033]
In the self-standing piece 15, it is preferable that each of the top 15t and the bottom 15b is a fold line of the sheet material, and each of the inclined portions 15s is a flat surface.
In this case, since the self-standing piece 15 is formed by bending a sheet material such as kraft paper, which is easy to be creased, along a fold line with a predetermined dimension, it is easy to manufacture, and also as a laminated form, as an expanded sheet form. Can be handled, making production management easy.
In addition, mechanically, the buckling resistance is large because the inclined portion 15s is a flat surface, and when the apex angle θ is bent at 40 to 55 °, the maximum support function and the thin and light seat can be obtained. Demonstrates a brace function and a sufficient three-dimensional shape retention function.
[0034]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[Production of frame 10 (FIG. 4)]
As is clear from FIG. 4, the heat shield 1 has a self-standing piece 15 inserted and held in the air space S of the frame 10, and the frame 10 includes an upper sheet 11, a lower sheet 12, and upright pieces 13 at both ends. Is a kraft paper having a thickness of 0.3 mm, and the middle standing piece 14 is a kraft paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm.
The upper sheet 11, the lower sheet 12, and the upright pieces 13 on both sides have a surface of 6 × 10 ^-3 ~ 6 × 10 ^-2 Adhesively cover with a commercially available aluminum foil having a thickness of mm.
The width of each sheet, the lower sheet width 12W and the upper sheet width 11W are the same and 400 to 500 mm, and the upright pieces 13 on both sides are 20 to 40 mm + upper bent surface 10 mm, lower bent surface 10 mm, The standing piece 14 is provided with 20 to 40 mm + 10 mm on each side on each bent surface.
The lower sheet 12 has a length (standard length: 1820 mm) protruding from the upper sheet 11 by the extended portions L20 (15 to 30 mm) at both ends.
[0035]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, the upper sheet 11 and the lower sheet 12 are perforated with fine holes h by needling to impart moisture permeability, and the upper sheet 11 is further provided with air having a diameter of 3 to 5 mm. The holes O are dispersed and perforated.
Next, the upright pieces 13 on both sides are bent outward at the bent portion r at the upper and lower bent surfaces 13 ′ so that the aluminum foil surface is outward, and the middle upright pieces 14 are formed at the upper bent surface 14 ′ and the lower bent surface 14 ′. ′ Is bent in the opposite direction at the bent portion r, and the upstanding pieces 13 and 14 are bonded between the upper surface sheet 11 and the lower surface sheet 12 whose upper side surfaces (surfaces) are made of aluminum foil by the bent surfaces 13 ′ and 14 ′. I do.
In the obtained frame 10, the upright pieces 13, 14 connect the upper sheet 11 and the lower sheet 12 over the entire length of the upper sheet 11, and define the width SW of the air space S between the upright pieces 13, 14. In addition, the upright piece width (20 to 40 mm) defines the height SH, and the bending or extension by the bending portion r enables the three-dimensional form or the laminated form.
[0036]
Since the aluminum foil can be obtained in the form of a roll, the aluminum foil can be attached to each kraft paper, and the bent surfaces 13 'and 14' of the standing pieces 13 and 14 can be formed on the bent surfaces 13 'and 14'. Adhesive application can also be carried out by mechanization means, and if a laminated product obtained by a roll group device (not shown) is cut into a desired length, a laminated frame 10 having a low bulk can be obtained.
Of course, bending, sticking, and cutting of each sheet material may be performed manually as needed.
[0037]
[Independent pieces (Figs. 4 and 7)]
The self-supporting piece 15 has a bent three-dimensional form having a cross section as shown in FIG. 4B, an apex angle θ of 40 to 55 °, an equal length, and a flat inclined portion 15 s. 3. A sheet material in which an aluminum foil is stuck on the surface of a kraft paper having a thickness of 3 mm, fine holes h are formed by needling treatment to impart moisture permeability, and air holes O having a diameter of 3 to 5 mm are dispersed and perforated. Is bent at the top 15t and the bottom 15b.
[0038]
Therefore, the self-supporting piece 15 can be expanded and contracted in an accordion shape in the width direction, and the dimension from the top 15t to the bottom 15b of the side of the inclined portion 15s1, that is, the dimension of the fold width is equal to the height of the space S of the frame 10. 5 (B), the self-supporting piece 15 is inserted into the air space S of the frame 10, and both ends 15E abut on both corners SE. In this case, the height SH of the space S and the dimension PL between the free-standing piece bottom portions 15b are substantially the same (PL / SH = 0.8 to 1), the top part 15t and the bottom part 15b are dimensioned to contact the upper sheet 11 and the lower sheet 12, respectively, and the self-standing piece 15 corresponds to the height SH of the air space S with the apex angle θ being 40 to 55 °. And make it bend three-dimensionally.
[0039]
[Production of heat shielding material (Figs. 4 and 5)]
A self-supporting piece 15 prepared separately is inserted into each air space S of the prepared frame 10 as a three-dimensional shape.
In this case, if the width 15W of the self-supporting piece 15, the size of the inclined portion 15s, and the apex angle θ are appropriately determined with respect to the width SW and the height SH of the space S, the both end portions 15E of the self-supporting piece 15 are determined. The top portion 15t abuts on the upper sheet 11 and the lower portion 15b abuts on the lower sheet 12 to hold the upper sheet 11 and the lower sheet 12 in a flat form. I do.
Then, in this state, the frame corner end SE and the free-standing one end 15E are point-adhesively fixed with the adhesive Ad only at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the free-standing piece 15.
[0040]
If the apex angle θ is 40 to 55 °, the interval dimension PL between the bottom portions 15 b is equal to or slightly smaller than the height dimension SH of the air space S, and the self-standing piece 15 is smaller than the upper sheet 11. Many tops 15t can be arranged, and the self-standing pieces 15 have a form that satisfies the necessary support function and brace function with little interference with the air flow in the air space S, and each inclined portion 15s is also a flat surface. As a result, the buckling resistance is large, and the kraft paper is thin and light, yet has a strong and sufficient support function.
[0041]
In this case, even if there is a slight error in the selection of the size of the free-standing piece 15 with respect to the frame 10, even if the free-standing piece top 15t slightly lifts the top sheet 11, the top sheet 11 slightly rises above the top 15t. Even when the self-standing piece 15 is in the state, the displacement in the width direction of the self-supporting piece 15 is prevented, so that the self-supporting piece 15 can maintain the three-dimensional form of the frame 10 sufficiently and sufficiently.
[0042]
However, in order to ensure that the inclined portion 15s of the self-supporting piece 15 exhibits the function of a brace and a support, and also to prevent the self-supporting piece 15 from coming off the frame 10, the self-supporting piece end 15E is fixed to the lower sheet 12. However, if the end 15E is in contact with the corner end SE, even if the end 15E is subjected to an expanding stress by the pressing force to the top 15t, the expansion sliding of the end 15E is not caused by the rising piece. Since the bases 13 and 14 prevent the self-standing piece 15 from exhibiting the brace function and the support function, the fixing of the end portion 15E and the corner end SE is performed by the point adhesion that prevents the self-standing piece 15 from sliding and pulling out. Is enough.
[0043]
In addition, if there is a possibility that the free standing piece top 15t and the lower surface of the upper sheet 11 may be separated and the frame 10 may be tilted due to the dimension selection of the free standing piece 15 with respect to the frame 10, the free standing piece top 15t may be stapled with the upper sheet 11 and the like. The top sheet 11 or the bottom sheet 12 and the top 15t or bottom 15b of the self-supporting piece may be fixed to the top sheet 15 or the bottom section 15b by a conventional fixing means such as an adhesive or a stapler, if necessary.
[0044]
[Use of heat insulating material 1 (Fig. 1)]
If the heat shield 1 obtained as described above is placed in contact with each other on the layer of the heat insulating material 2 laid on the ceiling finishing material 4 as shown in FIG. Has a three-dimensional configuration by the self-supporting piece 15 therein, thereby achieving stable covering protection for the heat insulating material layer.
Since the lower sheet 12 provided with the radiant heat reflecting layer Re extends from the longitudinal end of the heat shield 1 to the extension L20, the displacement is prevented by the contact of the extension L20 with the opposing vertical surface Vf. At the same time, the gap G10 that can be formed between the heat shield end 1E and the facing upright surface Vf of the horizontal member 30, etc., ensures the suction and discharge of the air flow a inside the heat shield.
Of course, if necessary, a simple fastening means such as a stapler, an adhesive tape, a nail, or the like may be applied to the side edge and the end (extended portion L20) of the heat shield 1 to prevent the displacement.
[0045]
Therefore, the ceiling heat insulating structure ensures air conduction in the heat insulating material 1 by simply arranging and laying the novel heat insulating material 1 of the present invention on the layer of the heat insulating material 2 laid by the conventional method. The entire surface of the heat insulating material is covered with the radiant heat reflection layer Re, and the heat insulating material 2 is prevented from radiant heat heating by the radiant heat reflecting action and the air conducting action of the heat insulating material 1, and the air in the heat insulating material 1 is prevented. As a result, low heat and low heat storage are realized, and a heat insulating structure of a heat insulating material with high heat insulation and low heat storage is provided, so that the thermal load on the living room can be reduced and energy saving in the living room can be achieved.
Moreover, since each sheet of the heat insulating material is permeable to moisture, a decrease in the heat insulating function due to moisture absorption of the heat insulating material 2 can be suppressed, and the material of the heat insulating material 2 can be freely selected.
[0046]
[Production of thermal insulation panel A (Fig. 6)]
6A and 6B show the lower sheet 12 of the heat shield 1 provided with the rigid urethane foam heat insulating material 2 on the lower surface, wherein FIG. 6A is a perspective view, FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. (C) is an exploded perspective view of each component.
In the heat shield 1, the lower sheet 12 of the frame 10 is longer than the upper sheet 11 by extending portions L20 (15 to 30 mm) at both ends, and the sheets of the upper sheet 11, the lower sheet 12, the upright pieces 13, and the self-standing pieces are zero. 0.3 mm thick kraft paper, the apex angle θ of the self-supporting piece is set to 40 to 55 °, the height SH of the air space S is set to 20 to 30 mm, and both ends 15 E of the self-supporting piece 15 are set to the space S of the frame 10. And is bonded to the corners SE on both sides of the space S.
The heat shielding material 1 has a foaming pressure of 0.5 kg / cm at the time of injection of a rigid urethane foam. ² Therefore, it is possible to form the heat insulating material 1 as a core material, fill the lower surface of the lower sheet 12 with a hard urethane foam, and integrate the foam.
[0047]
As shown in FIG. 3A, the heat shield 1 has the same length as the heat insulator 2L only in the lower sheet length 12L and has the extended portions L20 at both ends. A heat insulating material can be filled and foamed and integrated by using a heat insulating material 1 as a core material by abutting a frame (not shown).
Of course, the frame 10 is laminated by the standing pieces 13 and 14 lying down, assembled into a mold for heat insulating material, and the rigid urethane foam and the lower sheet 12 are integrated by filling and foaming. Then, as shown in FIG. As described above, the standing pieces 13 and 14 may be raised to form the air space S, and the self-standing piece 15 may be inserted and fixed in the space S. In this case, the mold assembly is simple.
[0048]
Further, after the lower sheet 12 and the board-shaped heat insulating material 2 of molded foamed synthetic resin are bonded and integrated using the frame 10 as a laminated body, the standing pieces 13 and 14 of the frame 10 are raised when desired to form the air space S. Then, the self-supporting piece 15 may be three-dimensionally inserted into the space S at an apex angle of 40 to 55 °, and the self-supporting piece end 15E may be bonded to the corner end SE of the space S.
[0049]
[Use of thermal insulation panel A (Figs. 2 and 3)]
As shown in FIG. 3 (A), at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the heat insulating panel A, there are extensions L20 of only the heat insulating material 2 and the lower sheet 12, and the upper sheet 11 and the self-standing pieces 15 of the heat insulating material are in the longitudinal direction. Panels cut at both ends and having the same top sheet width 11W and heat insulating material width 2W, and substantially the same as the spacing 3W of the ceiling base material 3 are applied to the first floor attic ceiling heat insulation.
In this case, before the ceiling finishing material 4 is stretched, the ceiling finishing material 4 is fitted into the ceiling base material 3 from the living room side, the heat insulating material 2 is nailed to the base material 3, and the ceiling finishing material 4 is What is necessary is just to abut on the lower surface of 2 and fix it to the ceiling base material 3 with nails or the like.
[0050]
In the obtained ceiling heat insulating structure, the heat insulating panel A has a closed form between the ceiling base materials 3, but at both ends in the longitudinal direction, a gap G10 is provided between the facing upright surface Vf such as the horizontal member 30 and the heat insulating material end 1E. The gap G10 exists and the air conduction of the air space S formed and maintained by the self-supporting piece 15 inserted and fixed in the heat shield 1 of the heat insulating panel A, that is, the upper space St and the lower space Sb of the self-supporting piece 15 Of the heat applied to the heat insulating material 2, radiant heat transfer is prevented by the upper sheet 11, the self-standing piece 15 and the lower sheet 12 of the heat shield material, and the heat transfer inside the heat shield material 1 is prevented. Since high temperature of the internal air can be prevented by the air conduction, high heat insulation and high performance heat insulation with low heat storage are exhibited.
[0051]
[Others]
As shown in FIG. 8 (A), the free-standing piece 15 may be formed by folding a kraft paper into a trapezoidal cross-section, in which the top 15t, the bottom 15b, and the inclined portion 15s are flat.
In this case, similarly to the embodiment (FIG. 4), if the inclination angle of the inclined portion 15s is appropriately selected, the inclined portion 15s exhibits the support function and the brace function, and the top portion 15t and the bottom portion 15b are flat. Therefore, it is possible to smoothly support the upper and lower sheets with the sheet, and it is easy to attach the top 15t or the bottom 15b to the frame 10 by a stapler or the like.
Also, as shown in FIG. 8 (B), the brace function and the strut function can be exhibited even with the curved inclined portion 15s.
However, since the curved sloping portion 15s has a weak anti-buckling force, in this embodiment, a plastic molded sheet or the like having excellent shape retention may be selected.
[0052]
【The invention's effect】
In the ceiling heat insulating structure of the present invention, since the heat insulating material 1 has strong self-supporting property by the inserted self-standing pieces 15, the heat insulating material 1 is provided on the layer of the heat insulating material 2 arranged by the conventional ceiling heat insulating method. By simply placing and laying the material 1 appropriately, the heat insulating material 2 can be covered and protected by the heat insulating material 2, and a new ceiling heat insulating structure can be easily formed.
Moreover, since the used heat shield 1 itself is an assembly of the frame 10 made of a sheet material such as kraft paper and the self-supporting piece 15, the frame 10 and the self-supporting piece 15 are stored separately in a low bulk form. When necessary, the self-supporting piece 15 may be incorporated into the frame 10 and used, and the production and management of the heat shield 1 are easy.
[0053]
Further, by the radiant heat reflecting action and the air conducting action of the heat insulating material 1, it is possible to achieve the prevention of the transmission of heat rays from the outside to the heat insulating material and the suppression of the high temperature of the air on the heat insulating material lower sheet 12 and the height of the ceiling heat insulating structure. Heat insulation and low heat storage can be achieved.
Therefore, the heat insulating material 2 can be made thinner by using the same material as the conventional one. In this case, the synergistic effect of the thinning and the reduction in the amount of heating makes it possible to greatly reduce the heat storage and save energy in the house room. Become.
[0054]
Further, in the invention of the heat insulating panel, since the heat insulating material 1 maintained in a three-dimensional form is integrally layered on the board-shaped heat insulating material 2 having shape retaining properties, it is of course applicable to the ceiling heat insulating structure. Also, it is easy to apply to a heat insulating position where it is difficult to mount only the heat insulating material 1 made of a three-dimensional sheet material, such as a heat insulating structure for an outer wall of a house.
In the heat insulation structure to which the heat insulation panel A of the present invention is applied, the heat radiation from the heat insulation material 1 can prevent the heat radiation from being applied to the heat insulation material 2 from the outside, and the air space S inside the heat insulation material can be prevented. By means of the air conduction, the temperature of the air inside the heat insulating material can be suppressed from rising.
[0055]
Therefore, in the heat insulating panel A of the present invention, of the three elements of heat transfer, the heat insulating material 1 deals with radiant heat transfer and convective heat transfer, and the heat insulating material 2 deals with conductive heat transfer. An epoch-making high heat insulation and low heat storage heat insulation structure that provides a structure and reduces heating and heat storage of the heat insulating material 2 can be provided by a conventional board-shaped heat insulating material construction work.
[0056]
Further, since the upper sheet 11, the lower sheet 12, and the self-standing piece 15 constituting the heat shield 1 are all provided with a radiant heat reflecting layer and are moisture permeable, a part of the sheets may cause a decrease in heat ray reflecting ability due to dirt or the like. However, the radiation shielding function can be maintained by complementing the other sheets, and the moisture permeability of the constituent sheets prevents the dew condensation of the heat shielding material 1 and suppresses the deterioration of moisture absorption, so that the durability of the heat shielding material 1 is large. It is.
In addition, since the moisture permeability of the lower sheet 12 also suppresses a decrease in the heat insulating function due to moisture absorption of the heat insulating material, the degree of freedom in selecting a material of the heat insulating material is also improved.
[0057]
Further, since the top sheet 11, the standing pieces 13, 14 and the self-standing pieces 15 of the heat insulating material 1 are provided with the air holes O, the self-standing pieces 15 in the air space S are of course prevented from dew condensation inside the heat insulating material 1. The upper and lower spaces S, Sb, etc., which are partitioned by the upper and lower spaces Sb, and the left and right airflow between the partitions of the standing pieces 13 and 14 can be circulated. Suppression and uniformity of heating suppression to the heat insulating material 2 are obtained, and the durability of the heat insulating structure is improved.
[0058]
Further, the frame 10 of the heat shield 1 is formed by connecting the upper and lower plural sheets 11 and 12 by the standing pieces 13 and 14 of the sheet material so as to be able to fall down so as to form the air space S. Therefore, the frame 10 is in the form of a layered stack. The self-standing piece 15 can be inserted and fixed as necessary to form the heat shield material 1, and can be carried out in a laminated form that can be freely pressed into contact with the heat insulating material when integrated with the heat insulating material. It is also possible to set the heat-insulating material and to integrate it by filling and foaming molding, which facilitates the production of the heat shielding material and the production management of the heat insulating panel.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a ceiling heat insulating structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a use state of the heat insulating panel of the present invention.
3A and 3B are views of the heat insulation panel of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3A is a perspective view and FIG.
4 (A) is a perspective view of a heat shielding material used in the present invention, in which a self-standing piece is inserted, and FIG. 4 (B) is an exploded view of a frame 10 and a self-standing piece 15 in a cross section taken along line BB of FIG. It is.
5A and 5B are explanatory views of the heat shield of the present invention, wherein FIG. 5A is a perspective view, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.
6A and 6B are diagrams of the heat insulation panel of the present invention, wherein FIG. 6A is a perspective view, FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 6A, and FIG.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are perspective views of the constituent material of the present invention, in which FIG. 7A is a view of the self-standing piece 15 and FIG.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are front views of different modifications of the self-supporting pieces, respectively.
9A and 9B are perspective views of a conventional example, in which FIG. 9A is a schematic view, and FIG. 9B is a view showing a heat shield fixed state.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: heat insulation material, 2: heat insulation material, 3: ceiling base material,
4: ceiling finishing material, 5: moisture-proof sheet,
11: upper sheet, 12: lower sheet,
13, 14: standing piece, 13 ', 14': bent surface,
15: free standing piece, 15b: bottom part, 15s: inclined part,
15t: top, 15E: end,
A: thermal insulation panel, O: air hole,
Re: radiation heat reflection layer, S: air space, SE: corner edge

Claims

On the heat insulating material (2) layer laid on the ceiling finishing material (4), a self-supporting heat shielding material (R) that exhibits a radiant heat heating inhibiting action by the radiant heat reflecting layer (Re) and an air conducting action by the air space (S) ( 1) a heat insulation structure in which the cover is protected by covering, wherein the heat shielding material (1) is a sheet comprising a plurality of sheets (11, 12) including a top sheet (11) having a radiant heat reflection layer (Re) on the surface. A top portion (15t) is provided in the air space (S) of the frame (10) in which the air space (S) is formed in the longitudinal direction by being erected by a group of standing pieces (13, 14) made of a material. A self-standing piece (15) obtained by bending a sheet material into a three-dimensional form in which the bottom (15b) is parallel to the longitudinal direction between both ends (15E) in the width direction, and each top (15t) and bottom (15b) is formed in the space ( S) Insert and hold the upper and lower sheets (11, 12) It is obtained by holding the three-dimensional form and, ceiling insulation structure of a house.

The ceiling heat insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating material (2) is inserted between the ceiling base materials (3) and laid on the ceiling finishing material (4).

The heat shielding material (1) is arranged such that the longitudinal end (1E) is spaced from the facing vertical surface (Vf) such as the horizontal member (30) by a gap (G10) for air conduction. 2, ceiling insulation structure.

The ceiling heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat shield (1) has a surface (15f) of the self-supporting piece (15) and a lower sheet surface (12f) provided with a radiant heat reflection layer (Re). .

The ceiling heat insulating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a bottom sheet (12) of a heat insulating material is fixed to a surface (2f) of the board-shaped heat insulating material (2).

A heat insulating panel (A) in which a board-shaped heat insulating material (2) is integrally layered on a lower surface of a heat insulating material (1) exhibiting a radiant heat reflecting action on a surface and an air conducting action inside, wherein the heat insulating material is provided. (1) A plurality of sheets (11, 12) including an upper sheet (11) provided with a radiant heat reflecting layer (Re) on the surface thereof are formed by a group of standing pieces (13, 14) made of a sheet material to form an upper sheet (11). ) And the lower sheet (12) are connected in such a manner as to be able to fall and fall in the longitudinal direction to form an air space (S) between the upper and lower sheets (11, 12). (15E), the top (15t) and the bottom (15b) are bent and solidified so as to be parallel to the longitudinal direction, and the top (15t) and the bottom (15b) are arranged on the upper and lower sheets (11, 12). ) Into the air space (S) so as to support the surface Insulating panel holding the three-dimensional form by entering retained.

7. The heat insulating panel according to claim 6, wherein both ends (15E) of the self-supporting piece (15) are supported by corner ends (SE) of the air space (S) of the frame (10).

The heat insulation panel according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the surface of each sheet (11, 12) of the frame (10) and the surface of the freestanding piece (15f) are provided with a radiant heat reflection layer (Re).

The heat insulating panel according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein each of the sheets (11, 12), the upright pieces (13, 14), and the freestanding pieces (15) of the frame (10) are permeable to moisture.

An air hole (O) is scattered and perforated in the sheet (11) and the upright pieces (13, 14), which define the upper surface of the air space (S) of the frame (10), and the freestanding piece (15). The heat insulation panel of any one of the above.

The heat insulating panel according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the upper and lower sheets (11, 12), the upright pieces (13, 14), and the freestanding pieces (15) are kraft paper.

The heat insulating panel according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the lower sheet (12) of the frame (10) is integrally layered with the heat insulating material (2) by solidification adhesive force of the filled foam heat insulating material (2).

The heat insulating panel according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the board-shaped heat insulating material (2) is a wood-based heat insulating material such as an insulation board.

The bottom sheet (12) of the frame (10) is provided with a radiant heat reflection layer (Re), is provided with extensions (L20) at both ends, and is the same length as the heat insulating material (2L). Item 1. Insulated panel.

The heat insulating panel according to any one of claims 6 to 14, wherein a dimension (PL) between the bottoms (15b) of the self-supporting pieces (15) is substantially the same as a height (SH) of the air space (S).

The heat insulating panel according to any one of claims 6 to 15, wherein each of the freestanding pieces (15) has a top line (15t) and a bottom portion (15b) formed by a fold line of a sheet material, and each inclined portion (15s) has a flat surface.