JP2009540673A - 無線通信用サービス品質の維持 - Google Patents
無線通信用サービス品質の維持 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2009540673A JP2009540673A JP2009514385A JP2009514385A JP2009540673A JP 2009540673 A JP2009540673 A JP 2009540673A JP 2009514385 A JP2009514385 A JP 2009514385A JP 2009514385 A JP2009514385 A JP 2009514385A JP 2009540673 A JP2009540673 A JP 2009540673A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- determining
- wireless station
- average packet
- transmission rate
- wireless
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013468 resource allocation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
- H04W28/22—Negotiating communication rate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/15—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to multipoint traffic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
- H04L47/2425—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS for supporting services specification, e.g. SLA
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
- H04L47/2441—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS relying on flow classification, e.g. using integrated services [IntServ]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/29—Flow control; Congestion control using a combination of thresholds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
- H04L47/76—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions
- H04L47/765—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions triggered by the end-points
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
- H04L47/80—Actions related to the user profile or the type of traffic
- H04L47/805—QOS or priority aware
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
- H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
- H04L47/824—Applicable to portable or mobile terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
- H04L47/83—Admission control; Resource allocation based on usage prediction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
- H04W28/20—Negotiating bandwidth
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
- H04W8/04—Registration at HLR or HSS [Home Subscriber Server]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
- Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 無線通信を管理する方法であって、
無線局とアクセスポイント間の伝送速度が、無線局に対する所望のサービス品質レベルを達成する上で超えていなければならない伝送速度閾値を決定するステップと、
決定された伝送速度閾値に基づき無線局とアクセスポイント間の少なくとも1つの通信に対して無線通信容量を割り当てるステップと、
を含む、方法。 - アクセスポイントが、無線ローカルエリアネットワークの一部を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 無線局により伝送される少なくとも1つの型のトラフィックと関連した平均パケット長を決定するステップと、
無線局により伝送される少なくとも1つの型のトラフィックと関連した平均パケット出現率を決定するステップと、
決定された平均パケット長および決定された平均パケット出現率に基づいて伝送速度閾値を決定するステップと、
を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 無線局に対する少なくとも1つのフローについての平均パケット長を決定するステップを含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 無線局に対する複数のフローに対する平均パケット長を決定するステップと、
無線局に対する全ての決定された平均パケット長に基づき伝送速度閾値を決定するステップと、
を含む、請求項4に記載の方法。 - 無線局に対する複数のフローに対する平均パケット出現率を決定するステップと、
無線局に対する全ての決定された平均パケット出現率に基づき伝送速度閾値を決定するステップと、
を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 決定された平均パケット長および平均パケット出現率に基づいて無線容量消費を決定するステップと、
無線容量消費の少なくとも一部に基づいて伝送速度閾値を決定するステップと、
を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 無線局からの最大限の伝送速度の関数として無線容量消費を決定するステップを含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 無線局からの伝送速度が、伝送速度閾値より下にあるかどうかを判断するステップと、
決定された伝送速度が伝送速度閾値より下にある場合に、無線局に対して割り当てられた容量を調整するステップと、
を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 利用可能な消費レートの設定された割合として無線局に対する容量消費レートを決定するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/450,546 US8009609B2 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2006-06-09 | Maintaining quality of service for wireless communications |
PCT/US2007/013466 WO2007146096A2 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2007-06-06 | Maintaining quality of service for wireless communications |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011267028A Division JP5242763B2 (ja) | 2006-06-09 | 2011-12-06 | 無線通信用サービス品質の維持 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009540673A true JP2009540673A (ja) | 2009-11-19 |
Family
ID=38720516
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2009514385A Pending JP2009540673A (ja) | 2006-06-09 | 2007-06-06 | 無線通信用サービス品質の維持 |
JP2011267028A Expired - Fee Related JP5242763B2 (ja) | 2006-06-09 | 2011-12-06 | 無線通信用サービス品質の維持 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011267028A Expired - Fee Related JP5242763B2 (ja) | 2006-06-09 | 2011-12-06 | 無線通信用サービス品質の維持 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8009609B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2033382A2 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2009540673A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101011626B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101467402B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007146096A2 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024038550A1 (ja) * | 2022-08-18 | 2024-02-22 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 無線通信システム、無線通信方法及び無線通信制御装置 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090147678A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-11 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Systems and methods for traffic flow based rate adaptation in packet-based networks |
CN103002541B (zh) * | 2011-09-15 | 2017-10-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种无线宽带热点设备用户接入的动态管理方法及装置 |
EP2640143B1 (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2019-07-10 | Alcatel Lucent | Resource allocation for a mobile station based on application traffic profile |
US9338793B2 (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2016-05-10 | Alcatel Lucent | Methods for allocating and scheduling uplink and downlink transmissions and apparatuses thereof |
US10469857B2 (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2019-11-05 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | System and method for electronic data communication |
US10523895B2 (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2019-12-31 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | System and method for electronic data communication |
US10616383B2 (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2020-04-07 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | System and method for electronic data communication |
US10075671B2 (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2018-09-11 | Samsung Display Co., Ltd. | System and method for electronic data communication |
CN111865808B (zh) * | 2019-04-25 | 2022-05-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种数据流控制方法及装置 |
KR20210158626A (ko) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-12-31 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전송 속도를 조절하기 위한 전자 장치 및 그의 동작 방법 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040242235A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-02 | Witana Geetha Varuni | Admitting data flows to a multiple access network |
JP2005136507A (ja) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-05-26 | Ntt Docomo Inc | 無線基地局装置、及び、送信データ制御方法 |
JP2005536942A (ja) * | 2002-08-23 | 2005-12-02 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 無線ローカルエリアネットワークにおける通信サービス品質を保証する方法及び装置 |
JP2006067090A (ja) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-09 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | サービス品質保証方法、サービス品質保証装置、サービス品質保証プログラムおよびそのプログラムを記録した記録媒体 |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6363429B1 (en) | 1999-04-20 | 2002-03-26 | 3Com Corporation | Method and system for automatic determination of priority data streams on computer networks |
FR2804812A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-08 | 2001-08-10 | Canon Kk | Procede et dispositif de communication entre un premier et un deuxieme reseau |
US6414938B1 (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2002-07-02 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and system for retransmitting data packets in a communication system having variable data rates |
US6862291B2 (en) * | 2000-11-03 | 2005-03-01 | Telcordia Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for quality of service provisioning for IP virtual private networks |
US6772375B1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2004-08-03 | Network Appliance, Inc. | Auto-detection of limiting factors in a TCP connection |
US6680930B2 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2004-01-20 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for determining and reserving bandwidth for transmitting delay-sensitive streaming data over a radio frequency channel |
US7193966B2 (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2007-03-20 | Telefonakitebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Triggered packet data rate change in a communication system |
FR2830711B1 (fr) * | 2001-10-09 | 2005-09-23 | Thales Sa | Procede et dispositif de selection automatique du debit dans des transmissions haute frequence |
JP3740425B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-07 | 2006-02-01 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 帯域割当装置及び帯域割当方法 |
US6980514B2 (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2005-12-27 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for controlling flow of data in a communication system |
AU2003247428A1 (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2003-12-12 | Zte San Diego, Inc. | Interworking mechanism between cdma2000 and wlan |
JP2006518970A (ja) | 2003-02-21 | 2006-08-17 | エア ブロードバンド コミュニケーションズ,インコーポレイテッド | パケットスループットを最大化する方法及び装置 |
US7656899B2 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2010-02-02 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Access points with selective communication rate and scheduling control and related methods for wireless local area networks (WLANs) |
US7443823B2 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2008-10-28 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Access points with selective communication rate and scheduling control and related methods for wireless local area networks (WLANs) |
US20060039333A1 (en) * | 2004-08-19 | 2006-02-23 | Dell Products L.P. | Information handling system including wireless bandwidth management feature |
US20060133322A1 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-06-22 | Rath Vannithamby | Method and apparatus for controlling rate selection for mobile stations in a communication network |
US8189621B2 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2012-05-29 | Microsoft Corporation | Stack signaling to application with lack of requested bandwidth |
-
2006
- 2006-06-09 US US11/450,546 patent/US8009609B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-06-06 JP JP2009514385A patent/JP2009540673A/ja active Pending
- 2007-06-06 WO PCT/US2007/013466 patent/WO2007146096A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-06-06 KR KR1020087029914A patent/KR101011626B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-06-06 EP EP07777436A patent/EP2033382A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-06-06 CN CN2007800213684A patent/CN101467402B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-12-06 JP JP2011267028A patent/JP5242763B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005536942A (ja) * | 2002-08-23 | 2005-12-02 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 無線ローカルエリアネットワークにおける通信サービス品質を保証する方法及び装置 |
US20040242235A1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-02 | Witana Geetha Varuni | Admitting data flows to a multiple access network |
JP2005136507A (ja) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-05-26 | Ntt Docomo Inc | 無線基地局装置、及び、送信データ制御方法 |
JP2006067090A (ja) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-09 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | サービス品質保証方法、サービス品質保証装置、サービス品質保証プログラムおよびそのプログラムを記録した記録媒体 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024038550A1 (ja) * | 2022-08-18 | 2024-02-22 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | 無線通信システム、無線通信方法及び無線通信制御装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101467402A (zh) | 2009-06-24 |
KR20090009958A (ko) | 2009-01-23 |
US8009609B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 |
JP5242763B2 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
CN101467402B (zh) | 2012-03-07 |
KR101011626B1 (ko) | 2011-01-28 |
WO2007146096A2 (en) | 2007-12-21 |
US20070286114A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
EP2033382A2 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
WO2007146096A3 (en) | 2008-02-21 |
JP2012090307A (ja) | 2012-05-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5242763B2 (ja) | 無線通信用サービス品質の維持 | |
JP4401352B2 (ja) | スケジューラ・システム及びその方法 | |
JP4540712B2 (ja) | 強化されたサービス品質を有する無線通信用のダイナミック適合 | |
US7525915B2 (en) | Quality of service management for a wireless local area network | |
JP4335924B2 (ja) | 無線lanの無線リソース管理のアドミッション制御 | |
EP2206298B1 (en) | Wireless transmission rate control method | |
US20060215686A1 (en) | Communication method for accessing wireless medium under enhanced distributed channel access | |
US8953447B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for controlling traffic transfer rate based on cell capacity in mobile communication system | |
JP2006520140A (ja) | 無線ネットワークにおけるサービスの質の差別化 | |
JP2007159105A (ja) | 無線ネットワークにおいてトランスポートストリームのための帯域幅を動的に管理する方法 | |
US8625417B2 (en) | Wireless roaming with QoS and dynamic call capacity management | |
Shete et al. | SmartCAC: Call admission control scheme to guarantee QoS for voice over IEEE 802.11 WLANs | |
Andreadis et al. | Improving QoS performance in IEEE 802.11 e under heavy traffic loads | |
Villalón et al. | B-EDCA: A QoS mechanism for multimedia communications over heterogeneous 802.11/802.11 e WLANs | |
Panken et al. | Multi-service traffic profiles to realise and maintain QoS guarantees in wireless LANs | |
Chinmay et al. | Capacity Analysis of a WLAN Cell Using VoWiFi Service for CBR Traffic | |
Park et al. | Quality of Service Control for WLAN-based Converged Personal Network Service | |
Hamidian et al. | Distributed reservation-based QoS in ad hoc networks with internet access connectivity | |
KR101565707B1 (ko) | 차량 단말기의 데이터 송수신 방법 | |
Yu et al. | Supporting VoIP services in IEEE 802.11 e WLANs | |
Nakashima et al. | A traffic control method with channel occupancy information from MAC layer in IEEE 802.11 | |
Cano et al. | Flow-Level Simulation of Call Admission Control schemes in EDCA-based WLANs | |
KR20100008910A (ko) | 광대역 무선 통신 시스템에서 자원 할당 장치 및 방법 | |
KR20040100537A (ko) | 무선 랜 시스템의 멀티미디어 서비스 제공 방법 | |
GB2420050A (en) | WLAN admission control |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20110602 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20110602 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110607 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110607 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20110905 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20110912 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20120403 |