JP2009293199A - Lid for circular underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lid for a circular underground structure capable of blocking a circular opening provided on the ground surface and connected with the underground structure at a position having the same height as the ground surface and achieving constant slip performance even when a vehicle comes from any direction and uniform slip performance even when a vehicle comes to any spot from any direction. <P>SOLUTION: This lid for the circular underground structure is provided with a first protruding body 10c protruding upward by using the direction Y crossing the radial direction X of the lid 1 for the circular underground structure orthogonally as the longitudinal direction W and having a polygonal protruding tip face 12 and a second protruding body 10r protruding upward by using the radial direction X as the longitudinal direction W and having the polygonal protruding tip face 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a lid for a circular underground structure that closes a circular opening provided on the ground, which is connected to the underground structure, at the same height as the ground.

  When the vehicle passes over the underground structure lid provided on the roadway, the tires of the vehicle easily slip when the underground structure lid is wet. Therefore, a proposal has been made to disperse regular polygonal protrusions protruding upward in the underground structure lid and prevent the tire from slipping by these regular polygonal protrusions. (For example, patent document 1 etc.).

In the underground structure lid described in Patent Document 1, an attempt has been made to prevent the slip resistance performance from preventing the tire from slipping even if the protruding tip surface of the regular polygonal protruding body is worn.
Japanese Patent No. 3094008

  Certainly, it is important to maintain the slip performance that prevents the tire from slipping above a certain level over a long period of time. It is very important to exhibit uniform slip performance at any location of the lid for underground structures as a premise to exhibit slip resistance performance. In the lid for an underground structure proposed by Patent Document 1, a plurality of types of regular polygonal protrusions are provided, and even the same type of protrusions are provided in different directions. However, with a regular polygonal projecting body, the arrangement of the projecting body is monotonous even if the orientation is changed, and it is difficult to exhibit a certain slip performance no matter which direction the vehicle comes. Moreover, in the lid for underground structures described in Patent Document 1, the shape of the projecting body has been studied, but in Patent Document 1, there is no examination of the layout of the projecting body, and the designer's It seems to be arranged by sensory ideas. However, at the stage of designing a lid for an underground structure, it is difficult to predict where the underground structure lid will be installed and in what direction. Then, in order to have a high degree of freedom in the installation direction and to be able to exhibit uniform slip performance regardless of where the vehicle comes from, it is more important to consider the arrangement of the protrusions.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a lid for a circular underground structure that can exhibit a certain slip performance regardless of which direction the vehicle comes from. It aims at providing the lid | cover for circular underground structures which can exhibit.

The first lid for a circular underground structure of the present invention that solves the above-described object is a lid for a circular underground structure that closes a circular opening provided in the ground, which is connected to the underground structure, at the same height as the ground. ,
A first projecting body having a polygonal projecting tip surface projecting upward in a longitudinal direction in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the lid for the circular underground structure;
And a second projecting body having a polygonal projecting tip surface projecting upward in the radial direction as a longitudinal direction.

  In the first lid for a circular underground structure according to the present invention, compared to a projecting body whose projecting tip surface is a regular polygon, each of the first projecting body and the second projecting body has a corner in each longitudinal direction. Have a lot. The tire that passes in the radial direction mainly bites the corner of the first protrusion, and the tire that passes in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction bites the corner of the second protrusion. Therefore, according to the 1st cover for circular underground structures of the present invention, even if a vehicle comes from which direction, fixed slip performance can be exhibited.

Moreover, in the first lid for a circular underground structure of the present invention, a first protrusion row in which a plurality of the first protrusions are arranged in the radial direction;
It is preferable to have a second projecting body row in which a plurality of the second projecting bodies are arranged in the circumferential direction of the lid for the circular underground structure.

  In the tire passing in the radial direction, the corner portions of the plurality of first protrusions constituting the first protrusion body row bite a plurality of times, and the slip performance is dramatically improved. In addition, the radial direction has a number of directions over 360 degrees, and the second protruding body row is constituted by a plurality of second protruding bodies whose longitudinal directions are respectively in the plurality of radial directions. Therefore, the corners of the plurality of second protrusions bite into a tire passing in a plurality of directions orthogonal to a plurality of radial directions, and a constant slip performance can be exhibited even if the vehicle comes from more directions. it can.

  Further, in the first circular underground structure lid according to the present invention, the first protrusion and the second protrusion may be alternately arranged in a circumferential direction of the circular underground structure lid. preferable.

  According to this aspect, it is possible to cope with a vehicle coming from a plurality of directions by an annular region in which the first projecting body and the second projecting body are alternately arranged. If a plurality of stages are provided in the direction, it is possible to deal with vehicles coming from more directions.

  In the first lid for a circular underground structure according to the present invention, each of the protrusions of the first protrusion and the second protrusion includes a plurality of kinds of protrusions having different lengths in the longitudinal direction, and is adjacent to each other. It is also preferred that the protrusions are arranged so that the distance connecting the center points at the shortest is 17 mm or more and 35 mm or less.

The second lid for a circular underground structure of the present invention that solves the above object is a lid for a circular underground structure that closes a circular opening provided in the ground, which is connected to the underground structure, at the same height as the ground. ,
In a circular region whose center coincides with the center of the lid for the circular underground structure and whose diameter 2r is 650 mm,
It is arranged so that the center is coincident with the center of the circular region and the diameter extends over an arc of an inner circumference having a length longer than ¼ of the diameter 2r and not longer than ３, and protrudes upward and has a polygonal shape. A plurality of inner protrusions each having a protruding tip surface;
Arranged so that eight small circles of the same size as the inner circle are arranged in the circumferential direction so as to partially overlap each other while circumscribing the inner circle so as to cover the arc of the small circle A plurality of outer first protrusions each projecting upward and having a polygonal projecting tip surface;
A plurality of outer second projecting bodies are provided at the overlapping locations where the small circles overlap, and projecting upward and having polygonal projecting tip surfaces.

  Here, the diameter of the inner circumference circle exceeds 162.5 mm. Accordingly, the second lid for a circular underground structure of the present invention has a diameter of the inner circumference (162.5 mm) + the diameter of the small circle (162.5 mm) × 2 (487.5 mm) or more. It can be applied to a lid for a circular underground structure having a diameter. For example, it can be applied to a lid for a circular underground structure that closes an opening having a diameter of about 600 mm or a lid for a circular underground structure that closes an opening having a diameter of about 900 mm. it can. In addition, the diameter φ of the lid for the circular underground structure that closes the opening of about 600 mm in diameter is slightly over 600 mm (for example, 625 mm to 655 mm), and the lid for the circular underground structure that closes the opening of about 900 mm in diameter is used. The diameter φ is slightly over 900 mm.

  Here, the length in the tire circumferential direction (contact length) where the tire contacts the lid for the circular underground structure is about 150 mm. Therefore, when the vehicle passes through the central portion of the lid for the circular underground structure, the corner portion of the inner projecting body can bite into the tire of the passing vehicle simultaneously at at least two places in the traveling direction of the vehicle. is there. Further, there are eight overlapping portions in the circumferential direction outside the inner circumferential circle. The width of the tire in contact with the cover for the circular underground structure (the contact width perpendicular to the contact length) is 100 mm or more, and there are eight places in the circumferential direction when the vehicle passes in the radial direction of the cover for the circular underground structure. It is possible for the corner portion of the outer second protrusion provided at any of the overlapping portions to bite into the tire of the passing vehicle. Furthermore, the corner | angular part of the said outer side 1st protrusion body can bite into the tire of the vehicle which comes from all directions. Thus, according to the 2nd lid | cover for circular underground structures of this invention, even if a vehicle comes from which direction from which location, uniform slip performance can be exhibited.

Speaking of a lid for a circular underground structure having a diameter φ that closes an opening having a diameter of about 600 mm provided on the ground, which is connected to the underground structure, at the same height as the ground.
It is arranged so that the center thereof coincides with the center of the lid for the circular underground structure, and the diameter extends over the arc of the inner circumferential circle having a length longer than 1/4 of the diameter φ and not longer than 1/3. A plurality of inner protrusions each having a protruding polygonal protruding tip surface;
Arranged so that eight small circles of the same size as the inner circle circle around the inner circle are overlapped with each other and overlap each other in the circumferential direction when they are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. A plurality of outer first protrusions each projecting upward and having a polygonal projecting tip surface;
A plurality of outer second projecting bodies are disposed at overlapping portions where the small circles overlap, and projecting upward and having polygonal projecting tip surfaces, respectively.

  For example, if the diameter φ of the lid for the circular underground structure is 630 mm, the diameter of the inner circumferential circle here is more than 157.5 mm and less than 210 mm.

A third lid for a circular underground structure of the present invention that solves the above-described object is a circle having a diameter φ (mm) that closes a circular opening provided in the ground, which is connected to the underground structure, at the same height as the ground. In the lid for underground structures,
A plurality of radial lines are arranged between the inner point and the outer point on the plurality of radial lines extending radially from the center of the lid for the circular underground structure in the circumferential direction at intervals of θ (°), Each has a protruding body that protrudes upward and has a polygonal protruding tip surface,
Assuming that the ground contact width of the tire of the vehicle passing over the lid for the circular underground structure is TW (mm),
The inner point is from the center to the outer edge side of the lid for the circular underground structure,
Xi = (TW / 2) / sin (θ / 2) Equation 1
It is a position close to Xi (mm) represented by the above formula 1,
The outer point is from the outer edge of the lid for the circular underground structure to the center side,
Xo = [TW− {φ / 2− (φ / 2) cos (θ / 2)}] cos (θ / 2) Equation 2
The position is close to Xo (mm) represented by the above formula 2.

  The third circular underground structure lid of the present invention is also invented with the ground contact width TW of the tire in mind. That is, the inner point is a position where the interval between the radial lines adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction corresponds to the minimum ground contact width of the tire, and the tire is slightly shifted from the radial line and the lid for the circular underground structure When passing in the radial direction (diameter φ direction), the protrusion provided outside the inner point functions effectively, and good slip performance is exhibited. Further, the outer point is a position where the edge on the center side of the tire is applied when the tire passes the outer edge portion of the lid for the circular underground structure in a direction perpendicular to the diameter φ direction. For this reason, when the tire passes the outer edge portion, the corners of the projecting body near the outer point can bite into the tire at the same time or at a slight timing difference in at least two places in the vehicle passing direction. In this case, a good slip performance is exhibited again. Therefore, even with the third lid for a circular underground structure of the present invention, uniform slip performance can be exhibited no matter where the vehicle comes from which direction.

  Assuming that the tire contact width is 100 mm, the following is obtained.

In the lid for a circular underground structure with a diameter φ (mm) that closes a circular opening provided in the ground, which is connected to the underground structure, at the same height as the ground,
A plurality of radial lines are arranged between the inner and outer points on each of the eight radial lines extending radially from the center of the lid for the circular underground structure at 45 ° intervals in the circumferential direction. Protruding body that protrudes upward and has a polygonal protruding tip surface,
The inner point is from the center to the outer edge side of the lid for the circular underground structure,
Xi = 50 / sin22.5 Formula 1
It is a position close to Xi (mm) represented by the above formula 1,
The outer point is from the outer edge of the lid for the circular underground structure to the center side,
Xo = [100− {φ / 2− (φ / 2) cos22.5}] cos22.5 Equation 2
The position is close to Xo (mm) represented by the above formula 2.

  Here, assuming that the ground contact length of the tire is 150 mm, as soon as the tire completely enters the circular underground structure lid even for the tire passing through the middle of the radial straight lines adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. The corners of the protrusions in the vicinity of the inside point bite in, and good slip performance is exhibited here as well.

  According to the present invention, a lid for a circular underground structure that can exhibit a certain slip performance regardless of which direction the vehicle comes from, and also exhibits a uniform slip performance regardless of where the vehicle comes from which direction. A lid for a circular underground structure can be provided.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view of an iron cover for a manhole, which is an embodiment of the cover for a circular underground structure according to the present invention.

  An iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1 closes an opening having a diameter of 600 mm provided on the ground, which is connected to an underground structure such as a sewer buried in the ground, at the same height as the ground. The aperture mentioned here is not necessarily limited to 600 mm, and may slightly vary from 600 mm. The diameter φ of the lid for the circular underground structure that closes the opening having such a diameter is slightly over 600 mm, for example, 630 mm, 634 mm, or 650 mm. The diameter φ of the iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1 is 630 mm. A receiving frame (not shown) is provided on the periphery of the opening, and the iron lid 1 is fitted into the receiving frame to close the opening.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of protrusions 10 are arranged on the surface 1 a of the iron lid 1. These projecting bodies 10 are I-shaped having a projecting front end surface having a polygonal shape and projecting upward (toward the front side of the paper). In FIG. 1, one radial direction of the iron lid 1 is indicated by an arrow X. The iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first protrusion 10c whose longitudinal direction is a direction Y perpendicular to the radial direction of the iron lid 1 (see arrow X), and a second protrusion whose radial direction is the longitudinal direction. A body 10r is provided. These protrusions 10 include two types, one having a length in the longitudinal direction of 37.5 mm and one having a length of 32.5 mm. In any direction (radial direction, circumferential direction, oblique direction) in the radial direction, the interval between adjacent protrusions affects the slip performance that prevents the tire from slipping. Therefore, in the iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1, by providing the two types of protrusions 10 having different lengths as described above, the interval between the adjacent protrusions is an interval that exhibits good slip performance. That is, the distance connecting the center points of the adjacent protrusions 10 in the shortest distance is 17 mm or more and 35 mm or less. In order to improve the slip performance, it is also necessary to sufficiently deform the tire. When the distance is less than 17 mm, the tire is not sufficiently deformed. On the other hand, when the distance exceeds 35 mm, the tire comes into contact with the iron lid surface 1a (the portion where the projecting body 10 is not provided) between the adjacent projecting bodies 10, and the deformation of the tire is small. In addition, the corners of the projecting body 10 cannot sufficiently bite into the tire. In the following description, the protrusions having different lengths will be described without distinction unless necessary. Further, some of the protrusions 10 having a length of 37.5 mm are provided with slip signs. Except where necessary, the presence or absence of slip signs is ignored.

  In the iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1, each of the first projecting body 10 c and the second projecting body 10 r has more corners in the longitudinal direction than the projecting body having a projecting tip surface of a regular polygon. The corner of the first protrusion 10c mainly bites into the tire passing in the radial direction of the iron lid 1, and the corner of the second protrusion 10r bites into the tire passing in the direction orthogonal to the radial direction. Therefore, according to the iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1, a certain slip performance can be exhibited no matter which direction the vehicle comes.

In addition, a plurality of first protrusions 10c are arranged in the radial direction. Hereinafter, a row in which a plurality of first protrusions 10c are arranged in the radial direction is referred to as a first protrusion row. In addition, a plurality of second protrusions 10r are arranged in the circumferential direction R of the iron lid 1. Hereinafter, a row in which a plurality of the second protrusions 10r are arranged in the circumferential direction R is referred to as a second protrusion row.
The iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with 16 first protrusion rows and six second protrusion rows.

  FIG. 2 is a view showing each first protrusion row provided on the iron lid shown in FIG. 1 in an easy-to-understand manner.

  In FIG. 2, the 16 first protruding body rows 20 are represented by thick lines. These 16 first projecting body rows 20 are respectively provided on 16 radiation straight lines RS extending in the radial direction at intervals of 22.5 ° in the circumferential direction R from the center O (see FIG. 1) of the iron lid 1. This is a row of the first protrusions 10c.

  FIG. 3 is a view individually showing each second protrusion row provided on the iron lid shown in FIG. 1 so as to be easily understood. In FIG. 3, circles C1 to C6 are shown. All of these circles C1 to C6 coincide with the center O of the iron lid 1 (see FIG. 1).

  In FIG. 3A, the second protrusion row 30 provided on the innermost periphery is indicated by a thick line. Each of the second projecting bodies 10r constituting the innermost second projecting body row 30 is arranged so as to cover an arc of a circle C1 having a diameter of 120 mm. Of these second protrusions 10r, the second protrusions 10r positioned at 45 ° intervals in the circumferential direction R of the iron lid 1 are close to the center O of the iron lid 1 (see FIG. 1). The second projecting body 10r that is close to the center O of the iron lid 1 (see FIG. 1) has a length in the longitudinal direction of 37.5 mm, and the second projecting elements other than those disposed so as to cover the arc of the circle C1. The length of the body 10r in the longitudinal direction is 32.5 mm.

  FIG. 3B shows the second protrusion row 30 provided outside the second protrusion row 30 shown in FIG. Each 2nd protrusion 10r which comprises the 2nd protrusion row | line | column 30 shown in FIG.3 (b) is arrange | positioned so that it may cover the circular arc of the circle C2 whose diameter is 200 mm. Here, among the second protrusions 10r constituting the second protrusion array 30 shown in FIG. 3B, the second protrusions 10r positioned at 45 ° intervals in the circumferential direction R of the iron cover 1 are the iron cover 1. Near the center O (see FIG. 1). Of these second protrusions 10r close to the center O, the second protrusions 10r excluding the second protrusions 10r at the 6 o'clock position have a length of 37.5 mm and are at the 6 o'clock position. The other second protrusions 10r such as the second protrusion 10r have a length of 32.5 mm. A projecting center mark CM having a height of 3 mm is provided outside the second projecting body 10r at the 6 o'clock position. This center mark CM represents the center of the housing buried in the ground.

  FIG. 3C shows the second protrusion row 30 provided outside the second protrusion row 30 shown in FIG. 3B, and FIG. The 2nd protrusion body row | line | column 30 provided in the outer side of the 2nd protrusion body row | line | column 30 shown to c) is shown. The second protrusion row 30r shown in FIG. 3C is arranged on an arc of a circle C3 having a diameter of 314 mm, and each of the second protrusion row 30 shown in FIG. The two protrusions 10r are arranged on a circular arc of a circle C4 having a diameter of 384 mm. Each of the second protrusions 10r constituting the second protrusion row 30 shown in each of FIGS. 3C and 3D is provided in the circumferential direction R of the iron lid 1 at an interval of 22.5 °. Further, the first protrusion 10c is provided between the second protrusions 10r that are 35 mm in length and are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction R. That is, the first protrusions 10c and the second protrusions 10r are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction R. The length of the 1st protrusion 10c arrange | positioned on the circular arc of the circle C3 shown in FIG.3 (c) is 32.5 mm. Moreover, the 1st protrusion 10c provided between the 2nd protrusions 10r arrange | positioned on the circular arc of the circle C4 shown in FIG.3 (d) and adjoining the circumferential direction R has approached the center O, and the length The length is 37.5 mm. Further, among the first protrusions 10c shown in FIG. 3 (d), slip signs are added to the respective first protrusions 10c provided at intervals of 45 ° in the circumferential direction R. This slip sign will be described later.

  FIG. 3E shows a second protrusion row 30 provided outside the second protrusion row 30 shown in FIG. Each of the second projecting bodies 10r constituting the second projecting body row 30 shown in FIG. 3 (e) is arranged on an arc of a circle C5 having a diameter of 456 mm. Two second projecting bodies 10r constituting the second projecting body row 30 are provided in the circumferential direction R of the iron lid 1 at intervals of 22.5 ° and have a length of 32.5 mm. Between the two second protrusions 10r provided by two and the two second protrusions 10r provided adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction R, the length close to the outer edge 1d of the iron lid 1 is increased. The 37.5 mm 1st protrusion 10c is arrange | positioned.

  FIG. 3F shows the second protruding body row 30 provided on the outermost periphery. Each second projecting body 10r constituting the outermost second projecting body row 30 is arranged on an arc of a circle C6 having a diameter of 542 mm. A lock member that engages with a receiving frame (not shown) to maintain the closed state of the iron lid 1 is provided on the back surface of the iron lid 1, and the outer edge of the iron lid 1 shown in FIG. At 6 o'clock in 1d, an operation opening 1b for inserting a rod-like operation tool for operating the lock member is provided. In the 2nd protrusion body row | line | column 30 provided in the outermost periphery, the 2nd protrusion body 10r is not provided in the 6 o'clock position. Further, at each of the 2 o'clock and 10 o'clock positions on the outer edge 1d of the iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 3 (f), a prying hole 1c for prying the iron lid 1 when the iron lid is opened and closed is provided. In the 2nd protrusion body row | line | column 30 provided in the outermost periphery, the 2nd protrusion body 10r is not provided also in the position of 2 o'clock and 10 o'clock, and the 1st protrusion body 10c is used instead in these positions. Is provided. Furthermore, at the 12 o'clock position, a protrusion 10r ′ having a slightly different shape from the second protrusion 10r is provided. However, in the following description, the second protrusion 10r and the slightly The description will be made without distinguishing the protrusions 10r ′ having different values.

  In the tire passing in the radial direction, the corners of the plurality of first protrusions 10c constituting the first protrusion row 20 shown in FIG. 2 bite in multiple times, and the slip performance is dramatically improved. Further, the radial direction has a number of directions over 360 degrees, and each second protrusion row 30 shown in FIG. 3 includes a plurality of second protrusions 10r each having a plurality of radial directions as longitudinal directions. Therefore, the corners of the plurality of second projecting bodies 10r bite into a tire passing in a plurality of directions orthogonal to the plurality of radial directions, and exhibit a certain slip performance even if the vehicle comes from more directions. Can do. Furthermore, in the annular area where the first protrusions 10c and the second protrusions 10r shown in FIG. 3C and FIG. 3D are alternately arranged, it is possible to cope with vehicles coming from a plurality of directions. It can respond to vehicles coming from more directions.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a second lid for a circular underground structure of the present invention.

  FIG. 4 shows a circular region CS having a diameter 2r of 650 mm, which is the second circular underground structure lid of the present invention. The iron lid 1 according to the present embodiment is entirely inserted into the circular region CS. However, even if the iron lid 1 has a portion with a diameter φ exceeding 650 mm and protruding from the circular region CS, A second circular underground structure lid can be applied.

As described with reference to FIG. 3 (b), the surface 1a of the iron lid 1 of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of second protrusions 10r arranged so as to cover an arc of a circle C2 having a diameter of 200 mm. It has been. As shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of second projecting bodies 10r are also arranged so as to cover an arc of an inner circumferential circle Ci having a diameter slightly smaller than the circle C2 and having a diameter of 181 mm. The inner circumferential circle Ci referred to here corresponds to an example of the inner circumferential circle referred to in the second lid for a circular underground structure of the present invention. This inner circumferential circle Ci also corresponds to a circle having a diameter longer than 1/4 of the diameter φ (630 mm) of the iron lid 1 and not longer than 1/3 (longer than 157.5 mm and not longer than 315 mm). The plurality of second projecting bodies 10r arranged so as to cover the arc of the inner circumferential circle Ci corresponds to an example of the inner projecting body referred to as the second lid for the underground structure in the present invention. , and the following will be referred to as inner projecting member 10r _i.

FIG. 4 shows eight small circles Ci ′ _{1 to} Ci ′ ₈ having the same size as the inner circumferential circle Ci. These eight small circles Ci ′ _{1 to} Ci ′ ₈ are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction R so as to partially overlap each other while circumscribing the inner circumferential circle Ci. The centers of these small circles Ci ′ _{1 to} Ci ′ ₈ are 16 radial straight lines RS extending in the radial direction at intervals of 22.5 ° in the circumferential direction R from the center O of the iron lid 1 (see FIG. 1). (Refer to FIG. 2) on eight radiation straight lines (hereinafter referred to as first radiation straight lines RS1) extending radially from the center O in the circumferential direction R at 45 ° intervals. . In the iron lid 1 of the present embodiment, a plurality of second projecting bodies 10r are arranged so as to cover the arcs of the small circles Ci ′ _{1 to} Ci ′ ₈ . That is, on the center O side of the iron lid 1, three second protrusions 10r _{11 to} 10r ₁₃ among the plurality of second protrusions 10r arranged so as to cover the arc of the inner circumferential circle Ci are small circles. It is also applied to the arcs Ci ′ _{1 to} Ci ′ ₈ . Further, in the vicinity of the operation opening 1b on the outer edge 1d side of the iron lid 1, of the plurality of second protrusions 10r arranged on the arc of the circle C6 having a diameter of 542 mm described with reference to FIG. The four second protrusions 10r _{21 to} 10r ₂₄ are applied to the arc of the small circle Ci ′ ₅ . The prying hole 1c vicinity, five second projecting member _10r 21 _{~10r 25,} rests on an arc of the small circle Ci _'2, Ci' _8. The remaining five small circles _{Ci '1, Ci' 3~4,} ' in _6-7 respectively, the seven second projecting member _10r 21 _{~10r 27} are each small circle _Ci' Ci _1, Ci '3~ ₄ , It is attached to the circular arc of Ci ′ _6-7 . These second projecting bodies 10r _{11 to} 10r ₁₃ , 10r _{21 to} 10r ₂₇ correspond to an example of the outer first projecting body referred to in the second lid for a circular underground structure of the present invention. , it will be referred to as a first outer projecting member 10r _o.

Furthermore, there are _eight overlapping portions Ci ′ _S where the small circles Ci ′ _{1 to} Ci ′ ₈ overlap each other at 45 ° intervals in the circumferential direction R. These eight overlapping portions Ci ′ _S exist on a radiation line passing between the first radiation lines RS1 adjacent in the circumferential direction R. That is, the overlapping portion Ci ′ _S is one of the 16 radiation straight lines RS extending in the radial direction at intervals of 22.5 ° in the circumferential direction R from the center O (see FIG. 1) of the iron lid 1 shown in FIG. , Exists on a radiation straight line excluding the first radiation straight line RS1 (hereinafter, this radiation straight line is referred to as a second radiation straight line RS2). In these overlapping portions Ci ′ _S , five first protrusions 10c are arranged at equal intervals of 26.35 mm in the radial direction of the iron lid. The arrangement of the five first projecting bodies 10c corresponds to eight first projecting body rows 20 out of the 16 first projecting body rows 20 described with reference to FIG. The first projecting member 10c provided in the overlapped portions Ci _'S, which corresponds to an example of the outer second projecting member according to the second circular underground structures lid of the present invention, hereinafter, the outer second It will be referred to as a second projecting member 10c _o.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a trajectory of a tire of a vehicle that has passed over the iron lid of the present embodiment.

  In FIG. 5, tire trajectories TM1 to TM3 are indicated by two-dot chain lines. Moreover, the area | region shown by hatching in FIG. 5 is an area | region showing the contact area of a tire.

The length of the tire in the circumferential direction where the tire contacts the iron lid 1 (contact length TL) is about 150 mm. Thus, referring to the locus TM1 tire, when the vehicle passes through the center portion of the Tetsufuta 1, the corners of the inner projecting member 10r _i is the tire of the vehicle to pass, at least two positions in the traveling direction of the vehicle It turns out that it is possible to bite in at the same time. Further, the width of the tire in contact with the iron lid 1 (the contact width TW orthogonal to the contact length) is 100 mm or more, and referring to the tire trajectory TM2, when the vehicle passes in the radial direction of the iron lid 1, it corners of overlapping place Ci 'either overlapped portions Ci of _S' outside provided _S second projecting member 10c _o existing eight in the direction R is capable of cutting into the tire of the vehicle to pass I understand. Further, the corner portion of the outer first projecting member body 10r _o may be bite into the tire of a vehicle coming from all directions (see trajectories TM3 tire). Thus, the inner projecting member 10r _i, outside the first projecting member 10r _o, and by an outer second projecting member 10c _o, the vehicle from any direction is also exhibited uniform slip properties to come to any point.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a third lid for a circular underground structure of the present invention.

  Here, as described above, the tire ground contact width TW is assumed to be 100 mm, and the tire ground contact length TL is assumed to be 150 mm.

Also in FIG. 6, the tire trajectories TM4 to TM6 are indicated by two-dot chain lines, and regions representing the tire contact area are indicated by hatching. FIG. 6 also shows eight second radiation straight lines RS2 shown in FIG. The second radiation straight line RS2 extends in the radial direction from the center O (see FIG. 1) of the iron lid 1 in the circumferential direction R at intervals of 45 °, and is used for the third circular underground structure of the present invention. This corresponds to a radiation straight line on the lid, and θ (°) is 45 ° here. As described above, in the overlapping portion Ci ′ _S (see FIG. 4) existing on the second radiation straight line RS2, the first protrusions 10c are arranged at equal intervals of 26.35 mm in the radial direction of the iron lid. Five are lined up. That is, a plurality of first protrusions 10c are arranged along the second radiation straight line RS2 between the inner point Pi and the outer point Po in each of the eight second radiation straight lines RS2.

The inner point Pi here is from the center O of the iron part 1 to the outer edge 1d side,
Xi = (TW / 2) / sin (θ / 2) = 50 / sin22.5 Equation 1
This is a position close to Xi (mm) represented by the above formula 1.
This expression 1 is related to the right triangle tr ₁ shown in FIG. This inner point Pi is a position where the interval Sw between the second radiation straight lines RS2 adjacent in the circumferential direction R becomes 100 mm corresponding to the minimum ground contact width of the tire. As shown by the tire trajectory TM4, when the tire passes slightly in the radial direction of the iron lid 1 with a slight deviation from the second radiation straight line RS2, the first protrusion 10c provided outside the inner point Pi. Functions effectively and exhibits good slip performance. Further, as shown by the tire trajectory TM5, since the contact length of the tire is about 150 mm for the tire passing through the middle of the second radiation straight line RS2 adjacent in the circumferential direction R, this iron cover As soon as the tire completely enters 1, the corners of the first projecting body 10 c in the vicinity of the inner point Pi bite (see hatched area), and good slip performance is exhibited here as well.

The outer point Po is from the outer edge 1d to the center O side of the iron lid 1,
Xo = [TW− {φ / 2− (φ / 2) cos (θ / 2)}] cos (θ / 2) = [100− {φ / 2− (φ / 2) cos22.5}] cos22. 5 Formula 2
This is a position close to Xo (mm) represented by the above formula 2.
φ / 2 is the length of the radius of the iron lid 1, and (φ / 2) cos 22.5 in Equation 2 is an equation relating to the right triangle tr ₂ shown in FIG. Equation 2-4 holds.
(Φ / 2) cos 22.5 = A1 Formula 2-1
φ / 2- (φ / 2) cos 22.5 = φ / 2−A1 = A2 Formula 2-2
100− {φ / 2− (φ / 2) cos 22.5} = 100−A2 = A3 Formula 2-3
Xo = A3cos22.5 Formula 2-4
Here, A3 cos 22.5 represented by Expression 2-4 is an expression related to the right triangle tr ₃ shown in FIG.

  This outer point Po is a position where the edge on the iron lid center O side of the tire is applied when the tire passes the outer edge 1d portion of the iron lid 1 in the direction Y (see FIG. 1) perpendicular to the radial direction. It is. For this reason, when the tire passes through the outer edge 1d as shown by the tire trajectory TM6, the corner of the first protrusion 10c near the outer point Po is at least in the tire traveling direction. It becomes possible to bite in two places at the same time or with a slight difference in timing, and here again, good slip performance is exhibited. Accordingly, in any location and in any direction by the plurality of first protrusions 10c provided along the second radial line RS2 between the inner point Pi and the outer point Po in each of the eight second radial lines RS2. Even if the vehicle comes from, uniform slip performance is exhibited.

  Next, the protrusion 10 having a length of 37.5 mm will be described in detail.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the protruding body having a length of 37.5 mm shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the projecting body, and FIG. 9 is a front view of the projecting body.

  The protrusion length of the protrusion 10 shown in FIG. 7 is 6 mm. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the height position of the protruding tip surface 12 of the protruding body 10 is 6 mm higher than the height position of the bottom surface B of the protruding body 10. Further, as clearly shown in FIG. 7, three cutout portions 111, 112, 113 connected to the projecting tip surface 12 are provided on one side surface 11 extending in the longitudinal direction W of the I-shaped projecting body 10. It is provided in the longitudinal direction W with an interval. By providing these three notches 111, 112, and 113, the area of the protruding tip surface 12 is suppressed small.

  Further, as described above, there are two types of protrusions 10 having a length of 37.5 mm and 32.5 mm. The length here corresponds to the length WL in the longitudinal direction W on the bottom surface B (see FIG. 9) of the protrusion 10 shown in FIG. The length SL in the short direction S perpendicular to the longitudinal direction W on the bottom surface B of the protrusion 10 is 17 mm regardless of whether the protrusion 10 is 37.5 mm or 32.5 mm. The 32.5 mm protrusion 10 is the same as the 37.5 mm protrusion except that the 37.5 mm protrusion is shortened in the longitudinal direction W as a whole.

  Further, in the projecting body 10 having a length of 37.5 mm shown in FIG. 8, the length L1 of the edge 14 where the side surface 11 in the longitudinal direction W intersects the projecting tip surface 12 is 30 mm, and in the projecting body of 32.5 mm The length L1 is 25 mm. In addition, the length L2 of the edge 15 where the side surface 13 in the short-side direction S intersects the protruding tip surface 12 is 5 mm regardless of whether the protruding body 10 is 37.5 mm or the protruding body is 32.5 mm.

  A first large projecting body 16 projecting in the lateral direction (short direction S) is provided in each of the notches 111 and 113 at both ends of the side surface 11 in the longitudinal direction. Further, a second large projecting body 17 projecting in the longitudinal direction L is provided on the side surface 13 in the short direction S. The I-shaped projecting body 10 is provided with four first overhanging bodies 16 and two second overhanging bodies 17. As shown in FIG. 8, the upper surfaces 161 and 171 of the first large projecting body 16 and the second large projecting body 17 are at a position 2 mm lower than the height position of the protruding tip surface 12. As shown in FIG. 8, the length L3 of the leading edge 1611 in the overhang direction on the first overhanging body upper surface 16 is shorter than the length L1 of the edge 14, and the overhang on the second overhanging body upper surface 171 is performed. The length L4 of the direction leading edge 1711 is shorter than the length L2 of the edge 15.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the upper surfaces 161 and 171 are polygonal surfaces that taper from the projecting body side surfaces 11 and 13 toward the protruding end edges 1611 and 1711. Furthermore, these upper surfaces 161 and 171 are surfaces that expand in the horizontal direction. If the second large projecting body upper surface 171 is described as an example, as shown in the left circle at the bottom of FIG. By making the upper surface into a surface 171 ′ that gradually inclines upward from the projecting body side surface 13 toward the protruding end edge 1711, the edge angle at the protruding end edge 1711 becomes 90 °, and the tire slips. The anti-slip performance that is prevented over a long period of time is further improved. On the other hand, as shown in the right circle at the bottom of FIG. 9, the upper surface of the upper surface is changed to a surface 171 ″ that gradually slopes downward from the side surface 13 of the projecting body toward the tip end edge 1711 in the protruding direction. The drainage property on the surface 1a is improved. The same applies to the upper surface 16 of the first overhanging body.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 9, the inclination angle θ <b> 1 of the first overhanging body 16 in the longitudinal direction W on the side surfaces 162 and 163 at both ends in the longitudinal direction W is in the lateral direction S of the projecting body 10. The inclination angle θ2 of the side surface 13 in the longitudinal direction W is larger. By doing so, the edge angle at the edge 164 extending in the protruding direction of the first large projecting body upper surface 161 is closer to 90 ° than the edge angle at the edge 15 of the protruding tip surface 12.

  Further, on the side surface 165 in the longitudinal direction of any of the four first large projecting bodies 16, a small projecting body 18 projecting toward the side (short direction S) is provided. As shown in FIG. 9, the upper surface 181 of the small projecting body 18 is at a position 4 mm lower than the height position of the protruding tip surface 12. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the length L5 of the protruding end tip edge 1811 on the small projecting member upper surface 181 is shorter than the length L3 of the projecting direction tip edge 1611 on the first large projecting member upper surface 161. The upper surface 181 is also a polygonal surface that tapers toward the tip in the overhang direction. Note that this upper surface 181 shown in FIG. 9 is also a surface that expands in the horizontal direction. However, the surface may be gradually inclined upward to further improve the slip resistance, or the surface may be gradually inclined downward to improve drainage. May be raised.

  Note that the protrusion 10r ′ slightly different in shape from the second protrusion 10r disposed at the 12 o'clock position on the arc of the circle C6 shown in FIG. 3 (f) is the protrusion 10 shown in FIGS. The second overhanging body 17 and the small overhanging body 18 are omitted.

  The protrusion 10 described above rubs with the tire of the vehicle passing over the iron lid 1 and gradually wears.

  FIG. 10A is a diagram showing a state in which the protrusion shown in FIG. 7 provided on a new iron lid starts to wear, and FIG. 10B is a front end surface of the protrusion shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows a protrusion when 2 mm is worn out.

The anti-slip performance for preventing the tire from slipping even if the protruding tip surface 12 of the protruding body 10 is worn depends on the area of the upper surface of the protruding body (contact surface) that the tire or the like contacts and the number of corners of the upper surface of the protruding body. Determined. The iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a cast product such as ductile cast iron, and the protruding body 10 is also formed by casting. For this reason, the protrusion 10 is provided with an inclination necessary for demolding at the time of casting. That is, the protrusion 10 is provided with an inclination that tapers toward the front end in the protrusion direction, and the area of the upper surface of the protrusion inevitably increases as wear of the protrusion 10 progresses. Moreover, as shown to Fig.10 (a), as for the protrusion 10, the corner | angular part 121 of the protrusion front end surface 12 wears preferentially. When the protruding tip surface eventually wears 2 mm, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), the protruding tip surface 12 and the upper surface 161 of the first overhanging body 16 and the second overhanging body 17 at a position lowered by 2 mm. of the upper surface becomes 171 and the same height position, the tire comes into contact with the contact surface T ₁ consisting of an upper surface 161, 171 Metropolitan a projecting distal end face 12.

  As a result of intensive research, the present inventors have improved the slip resistance performance of the iron lid by reducing the area of the upper surface of the projecting body in contact with the tire and the like, and increasing the amount of biting into the tire and the like, It was concluded that it is important to increase the number of corners on which tires etc. are preferentially caught. Therefore, the present inventor has focused on the number of corners in an iron lid, which is a cast product, because an increase in the area of the protrusion contact surface due to the progress of wear is inevitable.

  FIG. 11A is a plan view of the projecting tip surface of the projecting body shown in FIG. 7 provided on a new iron lid, and FIG. 11B is a plan view of the contact surface shown in FIG. 10B. It is.

As shown in FIG. 11A, the protruding tip surface 12 of the protruding body provided on the new iron lid has a polygonal shape, and the total number of corners on the protruding tip surface 12 is 28. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), the number of corners of the contact surface T ₁ of the result of the wear has progressed is 36 in total. Therefore, when the wear progresses and the projecting tip surface 12 of the projecting body, the upper surface 161 of the first large projecting body, and the upper surface 171 of the second large projecting body are at the same height, the number of corners is eight. The number also increases. This means that the number of corners has increased by more than 20%, and the slip resistance performance that has decreased due to the increase in the area of the contact surface of the projecting body is compensated by the increase in the number of corners of the contact surface. As a result, a decrease in slip resistance is effectively suppressed. Thus, it is preferable that the increase rate of the number of corners is 20% or more. In the iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1, the projecting tip surface 12 of the projecting body 10, the upper surface 161 of the first large projecting body 16, and the upper surface 171 of the second large projecting body 17 are at the same height position. As for the slip resistance performance between the two, the desired performance is ensured even if the area is increased to some extent by reducing the area of the protruding tip surface 12 of the protruding body 10 in a new state in advance. It is designed so that the protruding tip surface 12, the upper surface 161 of the first large projecting body 16, and the upper surface 171 of the second large projecting body 17 are at the same height at a timing when it is difficult to ensure performance. . In order to reduce the area of the protruding tip surface 12 of the protruding body 10 in a new state, a groove extending in the longitudinal direction W may be provided on the protruding tip surface 12.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the relationship of the length L3 of the extending direction leading edge 1611 <the length L1 of the edge 14 and the length L4 of the protruding edge 1711 <the length L2 of the edge 15 is satisfied. since it is established, any area first Daihari Detai top surface 16 and a second Daihari Detai top 171 is also reduced, increasing the area of the contact surface T ₁ is suppressed. For this reason, a decrease in slip resistance is also effectively suppressed.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, the relationship of the inclination angle θ1 of the first overhanging body 16> the inclination angle θ2 of the protruding body 10 is established, so that the edge 164 of the upper surface 161 of the first overhanging body The edge angle becomes larger than the edge angle at the edge 15 of the projecting tip surface 12, and the slip resistance performance that is reduced by increasing the area of the contact surface of the projecting body is compensated by the increased edge angle, and the slip resistance is improved. The decline in performance is more effectively suppressed.

  In the iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1, when the projecting tip surface 12 of the projecting body 10 is worn by 3 mm, it is time to replace it with a new one. Here, the tire of the vehicle passing over the iron lid 1 may contact the protrusion 10 from directly above, or may contact it obliquely. Particularly in the projecting body 10 in the state shown in FIG. 10 (b), the tire contacting obliquely is caught by the small projecting body 18 provided with the upper surface 181 at a position lowered by 4 mm, and the slip resistance performance is further improved.

  Note that the upper surface 161 of the first overhanging body 16 shown in FIG. 9 is lowered by 1 mm so that the upper surface 161 comes to a position 3 mm below the projecting tip surface 12 of the projecting body 10 provided on the new iron lid. Also good. In this way, when the protruding tip surface 12 is worn by 2 mm, the protruding tip surface 12 and the upper surface 171 of the second overhanging body 17 at a position lowered by 2 mm are at the same height position, and the angle of the contact surface The increase in the number of parts compensates for a decrease in slip resistance, and the upper surface 161 of the first overhanging body 16 lowered by 1 mm functions effectively for tires that contact obliquely. Moreover, the iron cover which lowered | hung the upper surface 171 of the 2nd overhang | projection body 17 shown in FIG. 9 1 mm may be sufficient. That is, in the iron lid in which the upper surface 171 of the second overhanging body 17 comes to a position 3 mm lower than the projecting tip surface 12 of the projecting body 10 provided on the new iron lid, if the projecting tip surface is worn by 2 mm, the projecting tip The surface 12 and the upper surface 161 of the first overhang body 16 at a position lowered by 2 mm are at the same height, and the number of corners of the contact surface does not change at this stage. However, it is possible to ensure the desired slip resistance performance even in the area of the contact surface at this stage, and when the protruding tip surface is further worn by 1 mm (3 mm in total), the contact surface shown in FIG. It becomes a contact surface similar to. As expected, if the area of the contact surface increases so far, it becomes difficult to ensure the desired slip resistance performance, but this increases the number of corners of the contact surface, so that the decrease in slip resistance performance is compensated for, Even at the last time of replacement with the iron lid, the desired slip resistance performance can be secured firmly.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a protrusion with a slip sign added thereto.

  As described above, the slip sign is disposed on the arc of the circle C4 shown in FIG. 3D and is disposed between the second projecting bodies 10r adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction R. The first projecting length is 37.5 mm. Among the bodies 10c, the first protrusions 10c provided in the circumferential direction R at intervals of 45 ° are added. That is, the first protrusion 10c to which the slip sign is added is provided on the first radiation straight line RS1 shown in FIG. Fig.12 (a) is a top view of the protrusion body which added the slip sign, FIG.12 (b) is a front view of the protrusion body.

  As shown in FIG. 12B, the slip sign SM is added at a position 3 mm lower than the protruding tip surface 12 of the protruding body 10 provided on the new iron lid. The slip sign SM extends in the radial direction of the iron lid 1. Moreover, in the protrusion 10 shown in FIG. 12, the upper surface 171 of the 2nd overhang | projection body 17 is also located in the height 3 mm down from the protrusion front end surface 12 of the protrusion 10 provided in the new iron cover. In the iron lid 1 of the first embodiment, when the slip sign SM shown in FIG. 12 or the upper surface 171 of the second overhanging body 17 starts to wear, it can be seen that it is time to replace it with a new iron lid. Inspection of lid replacement becomes easy.

  Furthermore, the cross-shaped protrusion 50 which made the I-shaped protrusion cross | intersect the cross is arranged in the center O of the iron cover 1 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a cross-shaped projection provided at the center of the iron lid shown in FIG.

  A cross-shaped projecting body 50 shown in FIG. 13 is obtained by orthogonally projecting a projecting body having the same shape although having a different length from the I-shaped projecting body 10 shown in FIG. The description overlapping with the above may be omitted. The projecting tip surface 52 of the cross-shaped projecting body 50 shown in FIG. 13 has a small area and is inscribed in a circle having a diameter of 41 mm. A first large projecting body 53 projecting sideways is provided on the side surface 51 extending in each of the four directions, and the side surface 54 serving as the tip in each of the four directions is further projecting toward the front side. A second overhang 55 is provided. The cross-shaped projecting body 50 is provided with eight first overhanging bodies 53 and four second overhanging bodies 55. The upper surfaces 531 and 551 of the first large projecting body 53 and the second large projecting body 55 are also polygonal surfaces at a position 2 mm lower than the height position of the protruding tip surface 52. Further, the lengths of the protruding direction leading edges 5311 and 5511 on the upper surfaces 531 and 551 are kept short. Further, each of the eight first large projecting bodies 53 has a small projecting body 58 provided with an upper surface 581 at a position 4 mm below the projecting tip surface 52.

  14A is a plan view of the projecting tip surface of the cross-shaped projecting body shown in FIG. 13 provided on a new iron lid, and FIG. 14B is a projecting tip surface shown in FIG. 14A. It is a top view of the contact surface in the cross-shaped protrusion with which 2 mm was worn.

As shown in FIG. 14A, the number of corners on the projecting tip surface 52 of the cross-shaped projecting body provided on the new iron lid is 76 in total. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 14 (b), the projecting distal end face 52, the corners at the interface T ₃ consisting of the upper surface 551 Metropolitan of top 531 and a second Daihari Detai first Daihari Detai The total number is 92. Therefore, in this cross-shaped protrusion 50, the number of corners increases by 16 when the protruding tip surface is worn by 2 mm, and this cross-shaped protrusion 50 also compensates for slip resistance performance.

  Finally, since the iron lid 1 shown in FIG. 1 is excellent in design in an article called a manhole lid, it will be described with reference to a hexahedral view and a sectional view. However, the left side view is the same as the right side view and will not be described.

  15 is a plan view, FIG. 16 is a bottom view, FIG. 17 is a front view, FIG. 18 is a rear view, FIG. 19 is a right side view, and FIG. 20 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

  In these FIGS. 15-20, the part represented with the continuous line is a part which is excellent as a partial design. That is, the inner point Pi and the outer side in each of the second protrusions 10r represented by the thick lines constituting the second protrusion row 30 shown in FIG. 3B and the eight second radiation straight lines RS2 shown in FIG. A combination with five first protrusions 10c arranged between the points Po along the second radiation straight line RS2 is excellent as a partial design.

It is a top view of the iron cover for manholes which is one Embodiment of the lid | cover for circular underground structures of this invention. It is the figure which showed each 1st protrusion body row | line | column provided in the iron cover shown in FIG. 1 so that it might be easy to understand. It is the figure which showed each 2nd protrusion body row | line | column provided in the iron cover shown in FIG. 1 separately so that it might be easy to understand. It is a figure explaining the 2nd lid | cover for circular underground structures of this invention. It is a figure which shows the locus | trajectory of the tire of the vehicle which passed on the iron cover of this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the lid | cover for 3rd circular underground structures of this invention. It is a perspective view of the protrusion shown in FIG. It is a top view of the protrusion shown in FIG. It is a front view of the protrusion shown in FIG. FIG. 10A is a diagram showing a state in which the protrusion shown in FIG. 7 provided on a new iron lid starts to wear, and FIG. 10B is a front end surface of the protrusion shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows a protrusion when 2 mm is worn out. FIG. 11A is a plan view of the projecting tip surface of the projecting body shown in FIG. 7 provided on a new iron lid, and FIG. 11B is a plan view of the contact surface shown in FIG. 10B. It is. It is a figure which shows the protrusion body which added the slip sign. It is a perspective view which shows the cross-shaped protrusion provided in the center of the iron cover shown in FIG. 14A is a plan view of the protruding tip surface of the cross-shaped protrusion shown in FIG. 13 provided on a new iron lid, and FIG. 14B is the protruding tip surface shown in FIG. It is a top view of the contact surface in the cross-shaped protrusion with which 2 mm was worn. It is a top view of a manhole cover. It is a bottom view of a manhole cover. It is a front view of a manhole cover. It is a rear view of a manhole cover. It is a right view of a manhole cover. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Tetsufuta O center 1d outer edge R circumferential direction 10 projecting member 10c first projecting member 10r second projecting member 10r _i inwardly projecting member 10r _o outer first projecting member 10c _o the outer second projecting member 12 projecting distal end face W longitudinal 20 First projecting body row 30 Second projecting body row Ci Inner circle Ci ′ _{1 to} Ci ′ ₈ small circle RS 2 Second radial straight line Ci ′ _S overlapping portion Pi inner point Po outer point

Claims (5)

In the lid for a circular underground structure that closes the circular opening provided in the ground, which leads to the underground structure, at the same height as the ground,
A first projecting body having a polygonal projecting tip surface projecting upward in a longitudinal direction in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the lid for the circular underground structure;
A circular underground structure lid, comprising: a second projecting body having a polygonal projecting front end surface projecting upward in the radial direction as a longitudinal direction. A first protrusion row in which a plurality of the first protrusions are arranged in the radial direction;
The lid for a circular underground structure according to claim 1, further comprising a second projecting body row in which a plurality of the second projecting bodies are arranged in a circumferential direction of the lid for the circular underground structure.   2. The lid for a circular underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the first projecting body and the second projecting body are alternately arranged in a circumferential direction of the lid for the circular underground structure. In the lid for a circular underground structure that closes the circular opening provided in the ground, which leads to the underground structure, at the same height as the ground,
In a circular region whose center coincides with the center of the lid for the circular underground structure and whose diameter 2r is 650 mm,
It is arranged so that the center is coincident with the center of the circular region and the diameter extends over an arc of an inner circumference having a length longer than ¼ of the diameter 2r and not longer than ３, and protrudes upward and has a polygonal shape. A plurality of inner protrusions each having a protruding tip surface;
Arranged so that eight small circles of the same size as the inner circle are arranged in the circumferential direction so as to partially overlap each other while circumscribing the inner circle so as to cover the arc of the small circle A plurality of outer first protrusions each projecting upward and having a polygonal projecting tip surface;
A lid for a circular underground structure, provided with a plurality of outer second protrusions that are arranged at overlapping portions where the small circles overlap and protrude upward and each have a polygonal protruding tip surface. In the lid for a circular underground structure with a diameter φ (mm) that closes a circular opening provided in the ground, which is connected to the underground structure, at the same height as the ground,
A plurality of radial lines are arranged between the inner point and the outer point on the plurality of radial lines extending radially from the center of the lid for the circular underground structure in the circumferential direction at intervals of θ (°), Each has a protruding body that protrudes upward and has a polygonal protruding tip surface,
Assuming that the ground contact width of the tire of the vehicle passing over the lid for the circular underground structure is TW (mm),
The inner point is from the center to the outer edge side of the lid for the circular underground structure,
Xi = (TW / 2) / sin (θ / 2) Equation 1
It is a position close to Xi (mm) represented by the above formula 1,
The outer point is from the outer edge of the lid for the circular underground structure to the center side,
Xo = [TW− {φ / 2− (φ / 2) cos (θ / 2)}] cos (θ / 2) Equation 2
A lid for a circular underground structure, which is at a position close to Xo (mm) represented by the above formula 2.

Images