JP2009285804A - Cutting tool - Google Patents

Cutting tool Download PDF

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JP2009285804A
JP2009285804A JP2008142694A JP2008142694A JP2009285804A JP 2009285804 A JP2009285804 A JP 2009285804A JP 2008142694 A JP2008142694 A JP 2008142694A JP 2008142694 A JP2008142694 A JP 2008142694A JP 2009285804 A JP2009285804 A JP 2009285804A
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cutting
cutting tool
vibration
transmission rod
drill
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JP5229460B2 (en
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Genichi Sato
厳一 佐藤
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting tool capable of detecting the cutting vibration with a simple constitution while a vibration sensor is not exposed to any severe environment during the cutting. <P>SOLUTION: The cutting tool 1 comprises a transmission rod 4 which is inserted in a cutting tool body 2 with its distal end being arranged at the position with the cutting vibration from a cemented carbide tip 3 being transmitted thereto, and a capacitor microphone 5 which is brought into contact with a base end of the transmission rod 4 to detect the cutting vibration from the transmission rod 4. The capacitor microphone 5 is not exposed to any severe environment during the cutting operation, and no trouble occurs frequently. Further, the cutting tool 1 is practical with its simple constitution. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、切削工具の切削振動を検知して切削状態を把握する切削工具に関する。   The present invention relates to a cutting tool for detecting a cutting vibration of a cutting tool and grasping a cutting state.

切削工具は、金属または非金属を切削加工する旋盤、フライス、マシニング等の切削加工装置に取り付けられるものであり、切削工具の交換時期を判定するために切削状態をモニタリングする必要があった。
そこで、従来の切削工具では、その切削振動を検知する際には、切削工具の切削刃部付近に加速度ピックアップを内蔵して切削振動を検知して切削状態を把握していた。
しかしながら、加速度ピックアップが内蔵される部位は過酷な環境であるために、頻繁に加速度ピックアップが正常に機能しなくなり切削振動を検知できなくなっていた。しかも、加速度ピックアップは高価であり、該加速度ピックアップを頻繁に交換することは困難であった。 The cutting tool is attached to a cutting machine such as a lathe, a milling machine, or a machining machine that cuts metal or nonmetal, and it is necessary to monitor the cutting state in order to determine the replacement time of the cutting tool.
Therefore, in the conventional cutting tool, when detecting the cutting vibration, an acceleration pickup is built in the vicinity of the cutting blade portion of the cutting tool to detect the cutting vibration and grasp the cutting state.
However, since the site where the acceleration pickup is built is a harsh environment, the acceleration pickup frequently does not function normally and the cutting vibration cannot be detected. In addition, the acceleration pickup is expensive, and it is difficult to frequently replace the acceleration pickup.

なお、切削工具の切削振動を検知する従来技術として特許文献１には、切削工具本体の内部に、切削工具本体に生じる切削方向と工具送り方向の振動を感知する少なくとも２個以上の加速度センサーを設けた切削工具が開示されている。
また、特許文献２には、切削工具に近接し配置された切削音を測定する集音マイクと、切削工具のホルダーに取付けられた切削振動を測定するピックアップ及び切削時に発生する応力を測定する応力計と、これらの電気信号をデジタル信号に変換する信号変換装置及びファジィ推論部を有するコンピュータと、その出力装置とを備えた検知装置が開示されている。
特開平１０−１０９２０４号公報 特開平７−３０８８４７号公報 As a conventional technique for detecting cutting vibration of a cutting tool, Patent Document 1 includes at least two or more acceleration sensors in the cutting tool body for sensing vibrations in the cutting direction and the tool feed direction generated in the cutting tool body. A provided cutting tool is disclosed.
Patent Document 2 discloses a sound collecting microphone that measures cutting sound arranged close to a cutting tool, a pickup that measures cutting vibration attached to a holder of the cutting tool, and stress that measures stress generated during cutting. There is disclosed a detection device comprising a meter, a computer having a signal conversion device and fuzzy reasoning unit for converting these electric signals into digital signals, and an output device thereof.
JP-A-10-109204 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-308847

上述したように、従来の切削工具では、切削刃部付近に加速度ピックアップを内蔵して、切削振動を検知する方法を採用していたが、加速度ピックアップが過酷な環境下に配置されるため頻繁に不具合を起こし、改善する必要があった。
また、特許文献１の切削工具でも、切削工具本体内で、切削刃部に近接する部位に加速度センサーが配置されるために、加速度センサーが頻繁に不具合を起こす虞があり、上述した課題を解決することはできない。
さらに、特許文献２の検出方法においても、切削時の過酷な環境下に集音マイクや応力計が配置されているために、特許文献１と同様に、集音マイクや応力計が頻繁に不具合を起こす虞があり、上述した課題を解決することはできない。しかも、特許文献２の検出方法は、構造が複雑であり採用することはできない。 As described above, the conventional cutting tool employs a method of detecting the cutting vibration by incorporating an acceleration pickup in the vicinity of the cutting blade portion. However, since the acceleration pickup is arranged in a harsh environment, it is frequently used. There was a problem and it was necessary to improve.
Further, even in the cutting tool of Patent Document 1, since the acceleration sensor is disposed in a portion close to the cutting blade portion in the cutting tool body, the acceleration sensor may frequently cause problems, and the above-described problems are solved. I can't do it.
Further, in the detection method of Patent Document 2, since the sound collecting microphone and the stress meter are arranged in a severe environment at the time of cutting, the sound collecting microphone and the stress meter are frequently defective as in Patent Document 1. The above-mentioned problem cannot be solved. Moreover, the detection method disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a complicated structure and cannot be employed.

本発明は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、簡易な構成で、振動センサーが切削時の過酷な環境に晒されることなく切削振動を検知することのできる切削工具を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of such points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool capable of detecting cutting vibration with a simple configuration without exposing the vibration sensor to a severe environment during cutting. And

本発明は、上記課題を解決するための手段として、請求項１に記載した発明は、切削工具の切削振動を検知して切削状態を把握する切削工具であって、該切削工具本体内に挿通されて、先端部が切削刃部からの切削振動が伝達される位置に配置される伝達ロッドと、該伝達ロッドの基端部に接触され、該伝達ロッドからの切削振動を検知する振動センサーと、を備えたことを特徴とするものである。
このように構成することにより、振動センサーを切削工具の切削刃部から離れた位置に配置し、該切削刃部からの切削振動を、伝達ロッドを介して振動センサーにより検知するので、振動センサーが切削時の過酷な環境に晒されることはない。 As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention is a cutting tool for detecting a cutting vibration of a cutting tool and grasping a cutting state, and is inserted into the cutting tool body. And a transmission rod disposed at a position where the distal end portion is transmitted with cutting vibration from the cutting blade portion, and a vibration sensor that is in contact with the proximal end portion of the transmission rod and detects cutting vibration from the transmission rod; , Provided.
With this configuration, the vibration sensor is disposed at a position away from the cutting blade portion of the cutting tool, and the cutting vibration from the cutting blade portion is detected by the vibration sensor via the transmission rod. There is no exposure to the harsh environment during cutting.

請求項２に記載した発明は、請求項１に記載した発明において、前記伝達ロッドの外周面と、該伝達ロッドが挿通される、前記切削工具本体の開口の内周面との間に隙間を設けることを特徴とするものである。
このように構成することにより、切削工具本体からの振動が伝達ロッドに伝達されるのを防ぐ。 The invention described in claim 2 is the invention described in claim 1, wherein a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the transmission rod and the inner peripheral surface of the opening of the cutting tool body through which the transmission rod is inserted. It is characterized by providing.
By comprising in this way, the vibration from the cutting tool main body is prevented from being transmitted to the transmission rod.

請求項３に記載した発明は、請求項１または２に記載した発明において、前記振動センサーは、コンデンサマイクロホンであることを特徴とするものである。
このように構成することにより、安価なコンデンサマイクロホンにて、切削振動を検知することができる。 The invention described in claim 3 is the invention described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the vibration sensor is a condenser microphone.
With this configuration, cutting vibration can be detected with an inexpensive condenser microphone.

本発明の請求項１に記載した発明によれば、振動センサーが切削時の過酷な環境に晒されることはないので、振動センサーが頻繁に不具合を起こすことはない。しかも、構成が簡易であるために実用的である。   According to the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention, since the vibration sensor is not exposed to a severe environment during cutting, the vibration sensor does not frequently fail. Moreover, since the configuration is simple, it is practical.

請求項２に記載した発明によれば、切削工具本体からの振動が伝達ロッドに伝達されないので、切削刃部からの純粋な切削振動を振動センサーにより検知することができる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, since vibration from the cutting tool main body is not transmitted to the transmission rod, pure cutting vibration from the cutting blade portion can be detected by the vibration sensor.

請求項３に記載した発明によれば、安価なコンデンサマイクロホンを採用するので、さらに実用的になる。   According to the third aspect of the present invention, since an inexpensive condenser microphone is used, it becomes more practical.

以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を図１及び図２に基いて詳細に説明する。
本発明の実施の形態に係る切削工具は、切削時、切削刃部からの切削振動を検知して切削状態を把握するもので、旋盤等に取付けられて使用される切削バイト１に採用されている。
本切削バイト１は、図１に示すように、切削バイト本体（切削工具本体）２内に挿通されて、先端部が超硬チップ（切削刃部）３からの切削振動が伝達される位置に配置される伝達ロッド４と、該伝達ロッド４の基端部に接触され、該伝達ロッド４からの切削振動を検知するコンデンサマイクロホン（振動センサー）５とを備えている。 Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
The cutting tool according to the embodiment of the present invention detects cutting vibration from a cutting blade portion at the time of cutting to grasp the cutting state, and is employed in a cutting tool 1 that is attached to a lathe and used. Yes.
As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting tool 1 is inserted into a cutting tool main body (cutting tool main body) 2, and the tip part is located at a position where cutting vibration from the carbide tip (cutting blade part) 3 is transmitted. A transmission rod 4 is provided, and a condenser microphone (vibration sensor) 5 that is in contact with the proximal end portion of the transmission rod 4 and detects cutting vibration from the transmission rod 4 is provided.

切削バイト１の切削バイト本体２の先端部には、切削刃部として超硬チップ３が付設されている。また、切削バイト本体２には、長手方向に沿って断面略円形の開口７が貫通されている。   The tip of the cutting bit body 2 of the cutting bit 1 is provided with a carbide tip 3 as a cutting blade. Further, the cutting tool body 2 has an opening 7 having a substantially circular cross section extending in the longitudinal direction.

伝達ロッド４は、切削バイト本体２の開口７の先端内周面に接触され、切削バイト本体２の逃げ面に露出される先端コマ６と、該先端コマ６に先端部が一体的に接続され、切削バイト本体２の開口７の内周面と隙間をあけて挿通される伝達軸部８とから構成されている。
先端コマ６は、振動の減衰を抑制すべく硬い金属材料が選定され、例えば鉄系で構成される。先端コマ６は、断面円形状に形成され、その一端面は切削バイト本体２の逃げ面と略面一になるように傾斜して形成される。一方、先端コマ６の他端面には伝達軸部８の先端部が固着される凹部６ａが形成される。
伝達軸部８は、振動の減衰を抑制すべく硬い金属材料が選定され、例えば鉄系で構成される。伝達軸部８は、断面円形状の中実状または中空状に形成される。また、伝達軸部８は、その先端部に先端コマ６が連設されると共に、その基端部にコンデンサマイクロホン５と接触される円板状の接触部９が連設される。
なお、本実施の形態では、先端コマ６と伝達軸部８とを別体で構成し、伝達軸部８の先端部を先端コマ６の凹部６ａに嵌合固着しているが、先端コマ６と伝達軸部８とを一体的に形成してもよい。 The transmission rod 4 is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the tip of the opening 7 of the cutting tool body 2, and the tip piece 6 exposed on the flank face of the cutting tool body 2 is connected to the tip piece 6. The cutting tool body 2 is composed of an inner peripheral surface of the opening 7 and a transmission shaft portion 8 inserted through a gap.
The top piece 6 is made of a hard metal material to suppress vibration attenuation and is made of, for example, iron. The top piece 6 is formed in a circular cross section, and one end surface thereof is inclined so as to be substantially flush with the flank face of the cutting bit body 2. On the other hand, a recess 6 a to which the tip end of the transmission shaft portion 8 is fixed is formed on the other end surface of the tip piece 6.
The transmission shaft portion 8 is made of a hard metal material so as to suppress vibration damping and is made of, for example, iron. The transmission shaft portion 8 is formed in a solid or hollow shape with a circular cross section. Further, the transmission shaft portion 8 has a distal end piece 6 continuously provided at a distal end portion thereof, and a disk-shaped contact portion 9 which is brought into contact with the condenser microphone 5 at a proximal end portion thereof.
In the present embodiment, the tip piece 6 and the transmission shaft portion 8 are configured separately and the tip portion of the transmission shaft portion 8 is fitted and fixed to the concave portion 6a of the tip piece 6. And the transmission shaft portion 8 may be integrally formed.

本実施の形態では、振動センサーとしてコンデンサマイクロホン５が採用されている。なお、振動センサーは、伝達ロッド４からの切削振動を検知できるセンサーであれば良く、加速度ピックアップ等を採用してもよい。また、セラミックブザーを振動センサーとして採用してもよい。
コンデンサマイクロホン５は、切削バイト本体２の開口７内で、切削加工装置側に配置され、弾性部材１０により囲まれた状態で切削バイト本体２に支持される。また、コンデンサマイクロホン５の一端面に伝達ロッド４の基端部に設けた円板状の接触部９が接触される。
そして、このコンデンサマイクロホン５に振動収録装置（図示略）が接続されて、その表示部に切削振動がモニタリングされ、切削バイト１の切削状態が把握される。 In the present embodiment, a condenser microphone 5 is employed as a vibration sensor. The vibration sensor may be any sensor that can detect cutting vibration from the transmission rod 4, and an acceleration pickup or the like may be employed. Further, a ceramic buzzer may be used as a vibration sensor.
The condenser microphone 5 is disposed on the cutting device side in the opening 7 of the cutting tool body 2 and is supported by the cutting tool body 2 in a state surrounded by the elastic member 10. In addition, a disk-shaped contact portion 9 provided at the base end portion of the transmission rod 4 is brought into contact with one end surface of the condenser microphone 5.
Then, a vibration recording device (not shown) is connected to the condenser microphone 5, and the cutting vibration is monitored on the display unit, and the cutting state of the cutting bit 1 is grasped.

次に、本発明の実施の形態に係る切削工具が切削ドリル１ａに採用される形態を説明する。
本切削ドリル１ａは、図２に示すように、切削ドリル本体（ホルダー）１１内に、伝達ロッド４が挿通される開口７が軸線に対して傾斜して設けられる。また、伝達ロッド４の先端部には、切削ドリル本体１１の開口７のドリル１５（切削刃部）側先端の内周面に当接される先端コマ１２が一体的に固着されている。
そして、切削ドリル本体１１の開口７に隙間を介して伝達ロッド４が挿入されて、伝達ロッド４の先端部に固着された先端コマ１２がドリル１５に近接して配置される。
また、コンデンサマイクロホン５は、切削ドリル本体１１の軸孔内で、切削加工装置側に配置されて、弾性部材１０で囲まれるようにして切削ドリル本体１１に支持される。そして、コンデンサマイクロホン５の一端面に伝達ロッド４の基端部に設けた円板状の接触部９が接触される。 Next, the form by which the cutting tool which concerns on embodiment of this invention is employ | adopted as the cutting drill 1a is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 2, the cutting drill 1 a is provided with an opening 7 through which the transmission rod 4 is inserted, in a cutting drill main body (holder) 11 so as to be inclined with respect to the axis. Further, a tip piece 12 that is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the tip of the opening 7 of the cutting drill main body 11 on the side of the drill 15 (cutting blade portion) is integrally fixed to the tip of the transmission rod 4.
Then, the transmission rod 4 is inserted into the opening 7 of the cutting drill main body 11 through a gap, and the tip piece 12 fixed to the tip portion of the transmission rod 4 is disposed close to the drill 15.
The condenser microphone 5 is disposed on the cutting device side in the shaft hole of the cutting drill body 11 and is supported by the cutting drill body 11 so as to be surrounded by the elastic member 10. Then, a disk-like contact portion 9 provided at the proximal end portion of the transmission rod 4 is brought into contact with one end surface of the condenser microphone 5.

そして、本発明の実施の形態に係る切削工具として採用される切削バイト１（又は切削ドリル１ａ）は、切削バイト本体２（又は切削ドリル本体１１）内に挿通されて、先端部が超硬チップ３（又はドリル１５）からの切削振動が伝達される位置、すなわち、先端部の先端コマ６が超硬チップ３（又はドリル１５）に近接する位置に配置される伝達ロッド４と、該伝達ロッド４の基端部に接触され、該伝達ロッド４からの切削振動を検知するコンデンサマイクロホン５とを備えているので、切削時の切削振動を伝達ロッド４を介してコンデンサマイクロホン５により検知することができ、切削状態を把握することができる。
これにより、コンデンサマイクロホン５が、切削時の過酷な環境下に晒されることがなく、頻繁に不具合を起こすことはない。しかも、切削バイト１（又は切削ドリル１ａ）は、簡易な構成であるので実用的である。 And the cutting tool 1 (or cutting drill 1a) employ | adopted as a cutting tool which concerns on embodiment of this invention is penetrated in the cutting tool main body 2 (or cutting drill main body 11), and a front-end | tip part is a carbide tip. A transmission rod 4 disposed at a position where cutting vibration from 3 (or drill 15) is transmitted, that is, a position where the tip piece 6 of the distal end is close to the carbide tip 3 (or drill 15), and the transmission rod 4 is provided with a condenser microphone 5 that is in contact with the base end portion of 4 and detects cutting vibration from the transmission rod 4, so that the cutting vibration during cutting can be detected by the condenser microphone 5 via the transmission rod 4. The cutting state can be grasped.
Thereby, the condenser microphone 5 is not exposed to the severe environment at the time of cutting, and does not frequently cause problems. Moreover, the cutting tool 1 (or the cutting drill 1a) is practical because it has a simple configuration.

また、本発明の実施の形態では、伝達ロッド４の伝達軸部８の外周面と、切削バイト本体２（又は切削ドリル本体１１）に設けた開口７の内周面との間に隙間が設けられているので、切削バイト本体２（又は切削ドリル本体１１）からの振動が伝達ロッド４に伝達されることがなく、超硬チップ３（又はドリル１５）からの純粋な切削振動をコンデンサマイクロホン５により検知することができる。   Moreover, in embodiment of this invention, a clearance gap is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the transmission shaft part 8 of the transmission rod 4, and the inner peripheral surface of the opening 7 provided in the cutting tool main body 2 (or cutting drill main body 11). Therefore, vibration from the cutting tool body 2 (or cutting drill body 11) is not transmitted to the transmission rod 4, and pure cutting vibration from the cemented carbide tip 3 (or drill 15) is transferred to the condenser microphone 5. Can be detected.

図１は、本発明の実施の形態に係る切削工具が切削バイトに採用された場合の断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view when a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is employed in a cutting tool. 図２は、本発明の実施の形態に係る切削工具が切削ドリルに採用された場合の断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view when the cutting tool according to the embodiment of the present invention is employed in a cutting drill.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 切削バイト（切削工具），１ａ 切削ドリル（切削工具），２ 切削バイト本体（切削工具本体），３ 超硬チップ（切削刃部），４ 伝達ロッド，５ コンデンサマイクロホン（振動センサー），７ 開口，９ 接触部，１１ 切削ドリル本体（切削工具本体），１５ ドリル（切削刃部）   1 cutting tool (cutting tool), 1a cutting drill (cutting tool), 2 cutting tool body (cutting tool body), 3 carbide tip (cutting blade part), 4 transmission rod, 5 condenser microphone (vibration sensor), 7 opening , 9 Contact part, 11 Cutting drill body (cutting tool body), 15 Drill (cutting blade part)

Claims (3)

切削工具の切削振動を検知して切削状態を把握する切削工具であって、
該切削工具本体内に挿通されて、先端部が切削刃部からの切削振動が伝達される位置に配置される伝達ロッドと、
該伝達ロッドの基端部に接触され、該伝達ロッドからの切削振動を検知する振動センサーと、
を備えたことを特徴とする切削工具。 A cutting tool that detects the cutting vibration of the cutting tool and grasps the cutting state,
A transmission rod that is inserted into the cutting tool main body, and the tip portion is disposed at a position where cutting vibration from the cutting blade portion is transmitted; and
A vibration sensor that is in contact with the proximal end portion of the transmission rod and detects cutting vibration from the transmission rod;
A cutting tool comprising: 前記伝達ロッドの外周面と、該伝達ロッドが挿通される、前記切削工具本体の開口の内周面との間に隙間を設けることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の切削工具。   The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein a gap is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the transmission rod and an inner peripheral surface of an opening of the cutting tool body through which the transmission rod is inserted. 前記振動センサーは、コンデンサマイクロホンであることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の切削工具。   The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the vibration sensor is a condenser microphone.
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WO2017002762A1 (en) * 2015-06-27 2017-01-05 株式会社山本金属製作所 Rotary machine tool equipped with sensor for real-time detection of state
TWI630057B (en) * 2017-06-16 2018-07-21 主力欣企業股份有限公司 Intelligent induction tools structure
WO2021029099A1 (en) 2019-08-09 2021-02-18 住友電気工業株式会社 Rotating tool, module, cutting system, processing method, and processing program
WO2022124078A1 (en) 2020-12-10 2022-06-16 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool
CN115106830A (en) * 2022-06-16 2022-09-27 东莞市东莞理工科技创新研究院 Cutting mechanism for fault diagnosis based on vibration signals
WO2022230148A1 (en) 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool
WO2022230149A1 (en) 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017002762A1 (en) * 2015-06-27 2017-01-05 株式会社山本金属製作所 Rotary machine tool equipped with sensor for real-time detection of state
CN107708924A (en) * 2015-06-27 2018-02-16 株式会社山本金属制作所 Rotary machining tool with real time status detecting sensor
JPWO2017002762A1 (en) * 2015-06-27 2018-05-24 株式会社山本金属製作所 Rotating tool with sensor for real-time situation detection
TWI630057B (en) * 2017-06-16 2018-07-21 主力欣企業股份有限公司 Intelligent induction tools structure
WO2021029099A1 (en) 2019-08-09 2021-02-18 住友電気工業株式会社 Rotating tool, module, cutting system, processing method, and processing program
WO2022124078A1 (en) 2020-12-10 2022-06-16 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool
WO2022230148A1 (en) 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool
WO2022230149A1 (en) 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 住友電気工業株式会社 Cutting tool
CN115106830A (en) * 2022-06-16 2022-09-27 东莞市东莞理工科技创新研究院 Cutting mechanism for fault diagnosis based on vibration signals
CN115106830B (en) * 2022-06-16 2023-10-27 东莞市东莞理工科技创新研究院 Cutting mechanism for fault diagnosis based on vibration signals

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