JP2009261324A - Method for cultivating/harvesting crop and tape for cultivating crop - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crop cultivating/harvesting method capable of decreasing labor of not only seeding work but also harvesting work. <P>SOLUTION: A crop cultivating tape 10 including a tape body 12 formed of a nondegradable flexible material to be long string, pored with a plurality of holes 18 along the longitudinal direction at equal spaces and holding seeds 16 in the hole pored parts is shallowly buried in the ground evenly and along the ground surface, and seeds are germinated/rooted. Roots are grown into the ground and leaves and stems are grown above the ground from the holes 18 of the tape body 12, and after growth of the crops, a plurality of crops are pulled out and harvested from the ground with the tape body by holding a part of the tape body and pulling up the tape body from the ground. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating and harvesting crops to save labor for sowing and harvesting crops such as vegetables, and a tape for cultivating crops used when performing the cultivation and harvesting methods.

In general, seeding work in a field is based on a method in which seeds are sown by a human hand with a predetermined interval in a hole dug shallow on the ground surface, but in order to reduce labor, biodegradability or Use a sowing tape that is formed into a long strip of water-soluble or water-degradable flexible material and holds a large number of seeds at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction, and this sowing tape is buried in the soil. Various sowing methods have been proposed and implemented in part (see, for example, Patent Document 1). On the other hand, when harvesting grown vegetables, harvesting of root crops using a harvesting machine is also performed (see, for example, Patent Document 2), but usually one by one by human hands. It is based on a method of pulling out the whole vegetables from the soil.
JP2007-2222034 (page 3-4, FIGS. 1-4) JP 2001-346426 A (page 3-4, FIGS. 1 to 3)

  Since the conventional harvesting work is a method of pulling out vegetables from the soil one by one with human hands so as not to leave roots in the soil, it takes time and effort. Moreover, if the sowing tape described in Patent Document 1 can be used, the labor of sowing can be reduced. However, the harvesting of the grown vegetables is still performed manually in the soil. The work of harvesting work is the same as before.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and provides a method for cultivating and harvesting crops that can reduce not only sowing work but also labor of harvesting work, It aims at providing the tape for crop cultivation used in order to perform a harvesting method.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a method for cultivating and harvesting a crop, wherein a plurality of holes are formed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction and are formed in a long strip shape using a non-degradable flexible material. The tape holding the seeds in the hole drilled portions is flattened along the soil surface of the field and buried shallowly in the soil or laid on the soil, germinated and rooted from the seeds, Grow the roots from the hole into the ground, the leaf stems to the ground, and after the crop grows, hold a part of the tape and pull the tape out of the soil. It is characterized by extracting a plurality of crops from the soil and harvesting them.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a tape for cultivation of crops in which a plurality of seeds are held at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction, and is formed into a long band shape with a non-degradable flexible material and contains seeds. A plurality of portions are formed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction, and the main body is formed of a material having a biodegradable, water-soluble, or water-degradable property, and a tape body in which holes are formed in each of the child receiving portions. A film material that is bonded to the lower surface side of the tape body and closes the hole so that the seed does not fall off from the hole; and a film material that is bonded to the upper surface side of the tape body so that the seed does not move from the seed container. And a cover sheet.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the crop cultivation tape according to claim 2, wherein the cover sheet is formed of a biodegradable, water-soluble or water-degradable film material.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the tape for crop cultivation according to claim 2, the cover sheet is detachably bonded to the upper surface of the tape body.

  The invention according to claim 5 is a tape for cultivation of crops in which a plurality of seeds are held at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction. The tape is formed in a long band shape with a non-degradable flexible material, and the inner surface is a concave shape having an upward direction. A plurality of seed accommodating portions formed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction, and a tape main body having holes formed in the various child accommodating portions, respectively, and allowing root expansion. It is made of a material having a gap, and is filled with various child accommodating portions of the tape body, and includes a filling member that encloses and holds seeds.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the crop cultivation tape according to claim 5, wherein the filling member is rock wool.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the crop cultivation tape according to claim 5 or 6, which is formed of a biodegradable, water-soluble or water-degradable material, and is adhered to the lower surface side of the tape body. The filling member is further provided with a cover sheet that closes an opening surface of the seed container so that the filling member does not fall off with the seed from the seed container.

  According to the method for cultivating and harvesting a crop according to the first aspect of the invention, the sowing operation is carried out by placing a tape holding a plurality of seeds along the soil surface of the field in a flat state, or shallowly laying or laying on the soil. It is possible to reduce the effort because it only needs to be done. In addition, the harvesting operation involves simply grabbing a part of the tape and pulling the tape out of the soil. Multiple crops are pulled out from the soil along with the tape, so one by one by hand. Compared to the conventional method of extracting crops from the soil, the labor and time can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, since the tape is buried in the soil shallowly or laid on the soil and does not decompose or dissolve, the growth of weed roots is prevented by the tape. For this reason, weeds can be prevented from growing around the crop in the process of growing the crop. In addition, there is only a small amount of soil on the tape, or there is no soil on the tape, so there is no tape and the crops are simply planted in the soil. The amount of soil adhering to the leaf stem portion decreases due to rebound or the like, or the soil hardly adheres to the leaf stem portion. For this reason, labor is reduced when shipping after harvesting.

  The tape for cultivating crops of the invention according to claim 2 contains a seed in a plurality of seed accommodating portions of the tape main body, is flattened in a flat state along the soil surface of the field, and is buried in the soil in a straight line. Seeding can be performed at equal intervals, so that the labor of sowing is reduced. The film material that closes the hole so that the seed does not fall off from the hole in the seed container is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil or dissolved or decomposed in water. It will extend toward the ground through the road. On the other hand, the tape body is made of a non-degradable flexible material in the shape of a long band. When harvesting grown crops, the tape body is gripped and pulled from the soil. It is possible to pull out a plurality of crops from the soil with the tape body by simply raising it, and the labor of harvesting work is greatly reduced.

  Also, the tape body is buried shallow in the soil and does not decompose or dissolve, so weed root growth is prevented by the tape body. For this reason, weeds can be prevented from growing around the crop in the process of growing the crop. Furthermore, since the soil is only thinly hung on the tape body, the amount of soil adhering to the leaf stem portion is reduced by rebounding rain water. For this reason, labor is reduced when shipping after harvesting.

  In the crop cultivation tape of the invention according to claim 3, even if seeding is performed with the cover sheet adhered to the upper surface side of the tape body, the cover sheet is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil or dissolved in water or decomposed. Is done. Therefore, the trouble of sowing work can be further reduced.

  In the tape for crop cultivation of the invention according to claim 4, germination from seeds stored in the seed storage part of the tape main body and growth of the leaf stem part by peeling the cover sheet from the upper surface of the tape main body at the time of sowing Is performed without any problems.

  The tape for cultivation of crops of the invention according to claim 5 contains seeds in a plurality of seed accommodating parts of the tape body, and is simply laid on the soil in a flat state along the soil surface of the field, so that the tape is straightened. Seeding can be performed at equal intervals, so that the labor of sowing is reduced. Then, the roots of the crop pass through the voids of the filling member and extend from the seed accommodating portion toward the ground, while the leaf stem portion grows toward the ground through the hole of the seed accommodating portion. In addition, the tape body is made of a non-degradable flexible material in the shape of a long band. When harvesting grown crops, the tape body is gripped and pulled from the soil. It is possible to pull out a plurality of crops from the soil with the tape body by simply raising it, and the labor of harvesting work is greatly reduced.

  Further, since the tape body is laid on the soil and does not decompose or dissolve, the propagation of weeds is prevented by the tape body. For this reason, weeds can be prevented from growing around the crop in the process of growing the crop. Furthermore, since the soil hardly hangs on the outer surface of the seed accommodating portion of the tape body, the soil hardly adheres to the leaf stem portion due to rebounding rain water or the like. For this reason, labor is greatly reduced when shipping after harvesting.

  In the crop cultivation tape of the invention according to claim 6, the roots of the crop pass through the gaps in the rock wool and extend well from the seed accommodating portion toward the ground.

  In the crop cultivation tape of the invention according to claim 7, the cover sheet prevents the filling member from dropping together with the seeds from the seed accommodating portion. And since a cover sheet | seat is decomposed | disassembled by microorganisms in a soil, or is melt | dissolved or decomposed | disassembled with water, a root of a crop will extend | expand toward the ground from a seed accommodating part, even if it does not require an effort.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a crop cultivation tape used in the method for cultivating and harvesting crops according to the present invention, and is a diagram showing a part thereof in a longitudinal section.

  The tape main body 12 constituting the crop cultivation tape 10 is formed in a long band shape with a non-degradable flexible material such as plastic, and contains seeds composed of a plurality of concave portions at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction. A portion 14 is formed, and each seed or each of a plurality of seeds 16 is accommodated in the various child accommodating portions 14. A hole 18 is drilled in the bottom of the seed container 14. The size of the hole 18 is set to such a size that the growth of the crop is not inhibited and the crop does not fall out of the hole 18 in accordance with the size of the stem base and the root base of the crop after the growth. The film material 20 is bonded to the outer bottom surface of the seed accommodating portion 14, and the hole 18 is closed with the film material 20 so that the seed 16 does not fall out of the hole 18. The film material 20 is a biodegradable or water-soluble or water-degradable material, for example, water-soluble paper, water-soluble resins such as polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, natural polysaccharides such as chitin and chitosan, biodegradable aliphatics. It is made of biodegradable resin such as polyester. A cover sheet 22 is bonded to the upper surface side of the tape main body 12 so that the seeds 16 do not move from the inside of the seed accommodating portion 14. The cover sheet 22 is formed of a film material having biodegradability, water solubility, or water decomposability in the same manner as the film material 20. The crop cultivation tape 10 is stored and transported in a roll shape, for example.

  When seeding work in the field using the tape 10 for crop cultivation, the strip-like tape 10 is turned into a groove-like hole while digging a shallow straight groove-like hole on the ground surface and successively feeding out the tape 10 wound in a roll shape. Then, soil is put on the tape 10, and the tape 10 is flattened along the surface of the soil 24 and buried shallowly in the soil 24 as shown in a sectional view in FIG. In the soil 24 after sowing, the film material 20 closing the hole 18 of the seed container 14 and the cover sheet 22 covering the upper surface side of the tape body 12 are decomposed by microorganisms or dissolved or decomposed with water. Is done. Then, the seed 16 germinates and roots, and as shown in a partial cross-sectional view in FIG. 3, the roots of the crop 26 such as vegetables extend through the holes 18 of the seed container 14 toward the ground, and the leaves The stem grows toward the ground.

  In the process of growing the crop 26, the tape body 12 is shallowly buried in the soil 24 and does not decompose or dissolve. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 4, around the crop 26 where the tape main body 12 remains, the root of the weed is prevented from extending toward the ground by the tape main body 12, and weed grows around the crop 26. Absent. Therefore, there is no variation in the growth state of the crop because there is no competition for natural growth between the crop and the weed. As described above, since the growth state of the crop is uniform, it is possible to harvest the crop at the same time. Further, since the soil is only thinly applied on the tape body 12, the amount of soil adhering to the leaf stem portion is reduced due to rebounding rainwater, etc., and this reduces the labor for shipping after harvesting. The

  When the grown crop 26 is harvested, a part of the tape body 12 is gripped by hand, and the tape body 12 is pulled up from the soil 24 as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the plurality of crops 26 are sequentially pulled out from the soil 24 together with the tape body 12. At this time, since the crop 26 is pulled out from the soil 24 together with the roots, there is no fear that the roots remain in the soil and cause soil diseases. Note that a special harvesting device may be developed, and the crop 26 may be harvested while mechanically winding the tape body 12 with the harvesting device.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention and is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of a tape for crop cultivation.
The tape main body 30 constituting the crop cultivation tape 28 is formed in a long band shape with a non-degradable flexible material such as plastic, like the tape 10 shown in FIG. In this crop cultivation tape 28, the tape body 30 is simply flat, and a plurality of holes 34 are formed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction. It becomes the seed accommodating part 32 which accommodates. A closing sheet 36 having a plurality of downward recesses 38 formed so as to correspond to the plurality of holes 34 of the tape body 30 is bonded to the lower surface side of the tape body 30, and the tape body is attached to the upper surface side of the tape body 30. A cover sheet 40 in which a plurality of upward concave portions 42 are formed so as to correspond to the plurality of holes 34 is bonded. Each of the closing sheet 36 and the cover sheet 40 is formed of a biodegradable or water-soluble or water-degradable material, for example, a film material made of water-soluble paper, water-soluble resin, natural polysaccharide, biodegradable resin, or the like. Yes.

  The sowing operation using the crop cultivation tape 28 is also performed in the same manner as the tape 10 shown in FIG. 1, but in this tape 28, the occlusion sheet 36 and the cover sheet 40 are decomposed by microorganisms in the soil after sowing. Or dissolved or decomposed with water. Then, the seed 16 germinates and roots, the root of the crop extends from the hole 34 toward the ground, and the leaf stem portion grows toward the ground. On the other hand, the tape body 30 remains as it is without being decomposed or dissolved in the soil during the growing process of the crop. In the harvesting operation of the grown crop, as in the tape 10 shown in FIG. 1, a part of the tape body 30 is gripped by hand and the tape body 30 is pulled up from the soil. Thereby, a plurality of crops are sequentially pulled out together with the tape body 30 from the soil.

  Next, FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment of the present invention and is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of a tape for crop cultivation. The structure of the tape main body constituting the tape 44 for crop cultivation is the same as that of the tape 10 shown in FIG. 1, and the same reference numerals as those used in FIG. To do.

  In the crop cultivation tape 44 shown in FIG. 7, the cover sheet 46 that covers the upper surface side of the tape body 12 and prevents the seed 16 from moving from within the seed container 14 is a film that does not have degradability or water solubility. It is formed of a material, for example, a transparent or translucent synthetic resin film, and is adhered to the upper surface of the tape body 12 so as to be peelable by thermal bonding, an adhesive, or the like. Therefore, when the sowing work is performed using the crop cultivation tape 44, it is necessary to peel the cover sheet 46 from the upper surface of the tape body 12 during sowing as shown in FIG. Other work methods and effects are the same as those of the crop cultivation tape 10 shown in FIG.

  In addition, as shown in a cross-sectional view in FIG. 9, the solid soil 48 and the like may be accommodated together with the seed 16 in the seed accommodating portion 14 of the tape body 12.

  Next, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 show a configuration example different from the above-described one of the crop cultivation tape used in the crop cultivation / harvest method according to the present invention, and FIG. 10 shows a part thereof. It is a perspective view and FIG. 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a part thereof.

  The tape main body 52 constituting the tape 50 for crop cultivation is formed in a long band shape with a non-degradable flexible material such as plastic, and swells upward on the upper surface side at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction. Thus, a plurality of convex portions 54 are formed. The inner surface of the convex portion 54 is concave upward, and the concave portion constitutes the seed accommodating portion 56. In addition, a hole 58 is formed in the central portion of each convex portion 54. The seed accommodating portion 56 is filled with a filling member made of a material having a gap that allows root elongation, for example, rock wool 60, and the seed wool 16 has a single grain or a plurality of seeds 16. It is held to be included.

  When the sowing work is performed using the crop cultivation tape 50 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, it is only necessary to place the tape 50 along the surface of the soil 24 in a flat state and lay it on the soil 24. When the seed 16 germinates and roots, as shown in a partial cross-sectional view in FIG. 12, the roots of the crop 26 pass through the gap of the rock wool 60 and go from the opening surface of the concave portion forming the seed accommodating portion 56 toward the ground. It will grow. On the other hand, the leaf stem portion of the crop 26 grows from the hole 58 of the convex portion 54 toward the ground.

  In the process of growing the crop 26, the tape body 52 covers the surface of the soil 24 and does not decompose or dissolve. For this reason, weeds do not grow around the crop 26 in which the surface of the soil 24 is covered with the tape body 52. Further, since the soil hardly hangs on the convex portion 54 of the tape main body 52, the soil hardly adheres to the leaf stem portion due to rebounding of rainwater or the like. For this reason, it is possible to save the trouble of shaking the soil from the leaf stem portion of the crop 26 when shipping after harvesting. When the grown crop 26 is harvested, as in the case of using the crop cultivation tape 10 shown in FIG. 1, a part of the tape body 52 is gripped by hand, and the tape body 52 is pulled up from the soil 24. Like that. Accordingly, the plurality of crops 26 are sequentially pulled out from the soil 24 together with the root together with the tape body 52.

  In the crop cultivation tape 50 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a material having biodegradability, water solubility or water decomposability is used so that the filling member 60 does not fall off with the seed 16 from the seed container 56. The cover sheet formed in (1) may be adhered to the lower surface side of the tape main body 52, and the opening surface of the seed accommodating portion 56 may be closed with the cover sheet. When the seed 16 is likely to spill out from the hole 58 of the convex portion 54, the hole 58 is closed with a film material made of a water-soluble or water-decomposable material, or the hole 58 is closed with a peelable sheet. Alternatively, the peelable sheet may be peeled off from the upper surface of the convex portion 54 of the tape body 52 at the time of sowing.

It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows an example of a structure of the tape for crop cultivation used in the cultivation / harvest method of the crop concerning this invention. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating sowing work using the tape for crop cultivation shown in FIG. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows the state where the crop is cultivated using the tape for crop cultivation shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state where the crop is cultivated using the tape for crop cultivation shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the method of harvesting the crop cultivated using the tape for crop cultivation shown in FIG. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows another structural example of the tape for crop cultivation used in the cultivation / harvest method of the crop concerning this invention. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows another example of a structure of the tape for crop cultivation used in the cultivation / harvest method of the crop which concerns on this invention. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view for demonstrating preparatory operation of sowing work using the tape for crop cultivation shown in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the modification of embodiment of this invention, and shows a part of tape for crop cultivation. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the structural example different from what was mentioned above of the tape for crop cultivation used in the cultivation / harvest method of the crop which concerns on this invention. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tape for crop cultivation shown in FIG. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows the state where the crop is cultivated using the tape for crop cultivation shown in FIG. 10 and FIG.

Explanation of symbols

10, 28, 44, 50 Crop cultivation tape 12, 30, 52 Tape body 14, 32, 56 Seed container 16 Seeds 18, 34, 58 Hole 20 Film material 22, 40, 46 Cover sheet 24 Soil 26 Crop 36 Clogging Sheet 48 Solid soil 54 Projection 60 Rock wool

Claims (7)

A non-degradable flexible material that is formed in a long strip shape, and a plurality of holes are formed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction. Flattened along the surface and buried shallowly in the soil or laid on the soil, germinated and rooted from the seed, the root from the hole of the tape into the ground, the leaf stem toward the ground A plurality of crops are extracted from the soil together with the tape and then harvested by grasping a part of the tape and pulling the tape up from the soil after the crop has grown. Cultivation and harvesting methods. In the tape for crop cultivation holding a plurality of seeds at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction,
It is formed in a long band shape with a non-degradable flexible material, and a plurality of seed accommodating parts for accommodating seeds are formed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction, and holes are formed in each of the various child accommodating parts. A tape body,
A film material that is formed of a biodegradable or water-soluble or water-decomposable material, is bonded to the lower surface side of the tape body, and closes the hole so that the seed does not fall off from the hole;
A cover sheet that is adhered to the upper surface side of the tape body so that the seeds do not move from the seed container,
A tape for cultivating crops, characterized by comprising: The crop cultivation tape according to claim 2, wherein the cover sheet is formed of a film material having biodegradability, water solubility, or water decomposability. The tape for crop cultivation according to claim 2, wherein the cover sheet is detachably bonded to the upper surface of the tape body. In the tape for crop cultivation holding a plurality of seeds at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction,
A non-degradable flexible material is formed in a long band shape, the inner surface is formed in an upward concave shape, and a plurality of seed accommodating portions for accommodating seeds are formed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction, and A tape body with holes formed in each seed container;
It is made of a material having voids that allow root elongation, and is filled in each of the various child storage portions of the tape body, and contains and holds seeds,
A tape for cultivating crops, characterized by comprising: The crop cultivation tape according to claim 5, wherein the filling member is rock wool. It is formed of a biodegradable or water-soluble or water-degradable material, and is bonded to the lower surface side of the tape body so that the opening surface of the seed accommodating portion is prevented from dropping together with the seed from the seed accommodating portion. The tape for crop cultivation according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising a cover sheet for closing.

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