JP2009248273A - Broaching machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a broaching machine capable of preventing the occurrence of machining trouble from chips produced by cutting a workpiece. <P>SOLUTION: The broaching machine is configured such that a cylindrical casing 15 is disposed under a table 11 holding the workpiece 51, lifting screw rods 32, 32 are disposed on both right and left sides of the cylindrical casing 15, and a lifting body 20 holding a lower end portion 2b of a broach 2 inside the cylindrical casing 15 moves vertically along lifting guides 17, 17 disposed on an outer surface of the cylindrical casing 15 in response to rotational movement of the lifting screw rods 32, 32; thereby preventing chips, spattering downward below the table during cutting with the broach 2, from falling out of the cylindrical casing 15 and further preventing the chips from adhering to the lifting screw rods 32 or the lifting guides 17. The broaching machine can accordingly prevent the development of machining problems attributable to the adhesion of chips to the lifting screw rods 32 or the lifting guides 17. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a broaching machine for cutting a peripheral surface of an inner hole formed in a workpiece.

The broaching machine includes a long broach provided with a predetermined blade on the outer surface and a table for holding a workpiece having an inner hole. By moving the broach or table relatively, What cuts the hole peripheral surface of the inner hole of a workpiece is common. As such a broaching machine, for example, Patent Document 1 includes a broach arranged along a vertical direction, a ball screw disposed on each of the left and right sides of the broach, and a table that moves up and down by the ball screw. The structure which cuts the to-be-processed object hold | maintained on this table by raising a table is disclosed. Here, a configuration in which a frame is provided so as to surround the broach, both ball screws, and the table is disclosed.
JP 2007-276003 A (see FIGS. 1 and 3)

  By the way, in the broaching machine of the conventional structure mentioned above, in the case of a process, cutting waste scatters from a to-be-processed object, and tends to adhere to a right and left ball screw. As described above, in the state where the cutting scraps are attached to the ball screw, the table cannot be moved up and down accurately and stably, and there is a concern about the occurrence of a processing defect that a desired processing accuracy cannot be obtained. Furthermore, the ball screw is damaged by the cutting scraps, and the durability of the broach is likely to be lowered, resulting in a problem that productivity is reduced.

  In addition, in order to remove the cutting waste adhering to the ball screw, there is a means such as blowing air, but in this means, an air blowing device must be installed, and each time cutting is performed, Removal work is required. Furthermore, there is a new problem that even the cutting waste accumulated under the table is blown up by the blown air.

  The present invention proposes a broaching machine that does not require cutting waste removal means by air or the like, and that can prevent processing failures due to cutting waste generated during cutting.

  In the broaching machine for cutting a workpiece held on a table by moving a long broach in a vertical direction along its central axis, the longitudinal length of the broaching machine opposed to each other in the front-rear direction. A cylindrical housing provided along the vertical direction under the table, and having a hole and a lifting guide parallel to the central axis of the broach on the outer surface; Elevating and lowering control device provided with elevating screw rods respectively arranged along the vertical direction at positions targeted with respect to the central axis of the broach, and a servo motor for rotating each elevating screw rod. A broach holder that holds the lower end of the broach in the cylindrical casing so that the central axis of the broach is along the vertical direction, and is inserted between the front and rear elongated holes of the cylindrical casing, and the broach holder A cylindrical housing that supports the front and rear ends of the A sliding support portion that can be moved up and down along the lifting guide on the outside, and the sliding support portion is screwed to the lifting screw rod, and the rotation of the lifting screw rod causes the center axis of the broach to rotate. A broaching machine characterized by comprising a lifting body that moves up and down along.

  In such a configuration, a cylindrical housing is disposed so as to surround the broach under the table holding the workpiece, and lifting screw rods are disposed on both the left and right sides of the cylindrical housing. It is. According to this configuration, the cutting waste generated by cutting the workpiece by the lowering of the broach is scattered below the table that holds the workpiece. Can be prevented from jumping out of the casing. Thereby, it can prevent that this cutting waste adheres to the raising / lowering screw rod arrange | positioned at the left-right outer side of a cylindrical housing | casing. Furthermore, since the raising / lowering guide which guides an raising / lowering body is provided in the outer surface of the cylindrical housing | casing, it can also prevent that cutting waste adheres to this raising / lowering guide. From the above, the elevating body and the broach can be moved up and down accurately and stably. Note that since the cylindrical housing has long holes at the front and rear thereof, cutting waste may be ejected from the long holes. However, the lifting screw rod and the cylindrical housing located on the left and right sides of the cylindrical housing are also possible. It can prevent reliably that the said cutting waste adheres to the raising / lowering guide provided in the outer surface of the body.

  Further, in this configuration, the drive control device performs control to drive the left and right lifting screw rods synchronously, and the lifting body is guided by the lifting guide parallel to the central axis of the broach, The lifting body moves up and down accurately and stably in the vertical direction along the central axis of the broach. For this reason, the broach held by the broach holding body of the elevating body descends so that high-precision cutting can be performed.

  Further, in this configuration, the lifting guide for guiding the lifting body is provided on the outer surface of the cylindrical casing, and the lifting screw rods are disposed on the outer side of the cylindrical casing. There is also an advantage that maintenance work can be easily performed. Furthermore, since the raising / lowering body for lowering the broach and the cylindrical housing are disposed below the table, the table can be appropriately set according to the size of the workpiece. That is, even a relatively large workpiece can be set as a table having a size that can hold the workpiece. In the conventional configuration (Patent Document 1) described above, since the ball screws are disposed on both the left and right sides of the table in order to raise and lower the table, the size of the workpiece is necessarily limited.

  The broaching machine according to the present invention is capable of highly accurately and stably performing a process of moving a broach held by a broach holding body along a vertical direction along a central axis thereof to cut a workpiece. it can. And since the raising / lowering motion of a broach is not influenced by cutting waste as mentioned above, highly accurate cutting can be performed repeatedly and high productivity can be exhibited. Here, since the scattering of the cutting waste is prevented by the cylindrical housing, the above-described air ejection device for blowing off the cutting waste is not required. In addition, since the ascending / descending direction of the broach can be maintained with high accuracy in this manner, the durability of the broach can be sufficiently maintained, so that the overall increase in production cost can be suppressed.

  In the broaching machine described above, a storage tank that opens upward is provided below the cylindrical housing, and the cutting waste of the workpiece dropped by the cutting process of the broach is retained in the storage tank. A configuration is proposed.

  In such a configuration, most of the cutting waste generated from the workpiece falls in the cylindrical housing, so that the cutting waste accumulates in the storage tank. Therefore, by discarding the cutting waste accumulated in the storage tank, most of the cutting waste generated by the cutting process can be removed, and therefore the waste disposal of the cutting waste can be easily performed.

  In addition, the cutting waste staying in the storage tank may be periodically taken out and processed by the operator, or by providing a device for sucking the cutting waste in the storage tank, ) Can be sent automatically. Furthermore, since the cutting oil also flows down and accumulates in the storage tank, a net (filter) for distinguishing the cutting oil from the cutting waste can be provided. Accordingly, the cutting oil can be easily reused, and the disposal process distinguished from the cutting waste can be performed. Therefore, there is an advantage that the environment resistance is excellent.

  In the broaching machine of the present invention, as described above, a cylindrical casing is disposed under a table that holds a workpiece, and lifting screw rods are disposed on both the left and right sides of the cylindrical casing. Since the lifting body that holds the lower end of the broach in the cylindrical casing is moved up and down along the lifting guide provided on the outer surface of the cylindrical casing by the rotation of the lifting screw rod, Since it is possible to prevent the cutting waste scattered below the table by the cutting process from jumping out of the cylindrical housing, it can be prevented from adhering to the lifting screw rod and the lifting guide. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of machining problems caused by cutting scraps adhering to the lifting screw rod or the lifting guide. Therefore, the broach can be moved up and down accurately and stably along its central axis, and high productivity can be exhibited.

  In the broaching machine described above, a storage tank that opens upward is provided below the cylindrical housing, and the cutting waste of the workpiece dropped by the cutting process of the broach is retained in the storage tank. In the case of the configuration, the cutting waste dropped in the cylindrical housing is collected in the storage tank, so that the waste disposal of the cutting waste can be easily performed in the storage tank.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the broaching machine 1 of the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the lower part showing the main part of the broaching machine 1, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the same part. FIG. This broaching machine 1 cuts the hole peripheral surface of the inner hole 52 formed in the workpiece 51 with a long broach 2 and forms it into a desired shape. Note that the broaching machine 1 of this embodiment is a so-called broaching type that performs cutting by moving down the broach 2.

  The broach 2 has a long rod-like shape, and includes a cutting blade portion 2c in which a cutting blade (not shown) is arranged on the outer periphery between an upper end portion 2a and a lower end portion 2b. That is, the inner surface of the inner hole 52 can be cut by passing the cutting blade portion 2 c through the inner hole 52 of the workpiece 51. And the broaching machine 1 of a present Example seems to cut through the hole peripheral surface of the inner hole 52 of the to-be-processed object 51 by descend | falling the broach 2 to the perpendicular direction along the center axis L. I have to.

  The broaching machine 1 is provided with a table 11 along the horizontal direction, and a holding member (not shown) for fixing and holding the workpiece 51 described above is provided on the table 11. The table 11 is formed with a through hole 12 penetrating vertically at the center thereof, and the workpiece 51 is fixed so that the inner hole 52 of the workpiece 51 is positioned on the through hole 12. To do. Thereby, the inner hole 52 and the through-hole 12 communicate with each other in the vertical direction. Here, the through hole 12 is formed larger than the inner hole 52, and holds the workpiece 51 so that the inner hole 52 fits in the through hole 12 in the horizontal direction.

  A lifter device 41 that moves up and down the broach 2 is disposed above the table 11. The lifter device 41 includes a movable body 43 having a chuck portion 42 that holds the upper end 2a of the broach 2, a guide rail 44 for guiding the movable body 43 in the vertical direction, and the movable body 43 is moved up and down. The hydraulic cylinder 45 is provided. The chuck portion 42 holds the upper end 2a of the broach 2 so that the central axis L of the broach 2 is along the vertical direction. Then, by driving the hydraulic cylinder 45, the movable body 43 is moved up and down along the guide rail 44, and the broach 2 held by the chuck portion 42 is moved up and down along the central axis L in the vertical direction.

  The lifter device 41 described above is disposed on a back support 46 fixed to the base 5, and is held on the table 11 and the central axis L of the broach 2 held on the chuck portion 42 of the movable body 43. The workpiece 51 is disposed so that its horizontal position coincides with the center of the inner hole 52 of the workpiece 51.

  On the base 5, a rectangular cylindrical casing 15 is disposed along the vertical direction, and the above-described table 11 is placed and fixed on the upper end of the cylindrical casing 15. Has been. That is, the table 11 is supported by the cylindrical housing 15. Here, the cylindrical casing 15 is set to have a horizontal size larger than the through hole 12 of the table 11 described above, and the horizontal position of the through hole 12 is set to the inside of the cylindrical casing 15. It is trying to become. Thereby, a pseudo closed air space 19 surrounded by the cylindrical housing 15 is formed immediately below the through hole 12 of the table 11 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The cylindrical casing 15 is set so that its vertical length (height) is longer than the length of the broach 2 described above.

  The cylindrical casing 15 is provided on the front and rear surface portions 15a and 15a so that the long holes 16 and 16 along the vertical direction face each other (see FIG. 2). Each long hole 16 is set so that the length in the vertical direction is longer than the length from the cutting blade portion 2c of the broach 2 to the upper end portion 2a.

  Upper support side portions 36 and 36 projecting to the left and right sides are disposed on the upper portion of the cylindrical housing 15, and between the upper support side portions 36 and 36 and the base 5 in the vertical direction. The raising and lowering screw rods 32, 32 are disposed so as to be rotatable. Here, each raising / lowering screw rod 32 and 32 is provided in the position which is parallel to the central axis L of the broach 2 and symmetrical with respect to the central axis L of the broach 2 (see FIG. 2). That is, the left and right lifting screw rods 32 and 32 and the central axis L are positioned in a straight line in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal distance from the central axis L to the left and right lifting screw rods 32 and 32 is equal. In addition, the timing pulley 37 is connected to the upper end portion of each lifting screw rod 32 through the upper support side portion 36. Further, servomotors 33, 33 are disposed behind timing pulleys 37, 37 connected to the lifting screw rods 32, 32, respectively. Each servo motor 33 is fixed to the lower side of the upper support side portion 36, and a drive shaft 33a is disposed through the upper support side portion 36 (see FIG. 2). A rotation gear 33b is connected to the upper end of each drive shaft 33a, and a timing belt 34 is hung on each rotation gear 33b and each timing pulley 37 (see FIG. 2). By driving each servo motor 33, the lifting screw rod 32 can be rotated via the timing belt 34 and the timing pulley 37. A control device (not shown) for driving and controlling the servo motor 33 is also provided. The control device, the lifting screw rods 32 and 32, the servo motors 33 and 33, the timing pulleys 37 and 37, and the timing belts 34 and 34, A lifting control device 31 according to the present invention is configured.

  Rail-shaped lifting guides 17 and 17 are juxtaposed along the vertical direction on the left and right side surfaces 15b and 15b of the cylindrical casing 15, respectively. Each lifting guide 17 is provided below the above-described upper support side portion 36 so as to be parallel to the central axis L of the broach 2.

  Moreover, the raising / lowering body 20 is arrange | positioned so that raising / lowering is possible so that the above-mentioned cylindrical housing | casing 15 may be fitted. The elevating body 20 includes a sliding support 21 configured in a frame shape having a square cross section surrounding the cylindrical housing 15 and a rectangular plate interposed between the long holes 16 and 16 of the cylindrical housing 15. And a broach holding part 22 in the form of a ring. The front and rear ends 22a and 22b of the broach holding part 22 are connected to and supported by the sliding support part 21, and the broach holding part 22 and the sliding support part 21 are integrated. On the inner surface of the sliding support portion 21, a total of eight sliding portions 27, which slide on the respective lifting guides 17 of the cylindrical housing 15, are arranged in the front and rear, right and left, and up and down. However, it is supported along each raising / lowering guide 17 so that raising / lowering is possible. Further, the sliding support portion 21 is provided with screwed portions 24, 24 protruding laterally and screwed into the above-described lifting screw rods 32, 32 on both the left and right sides thereof. Thereby, the elevating body 20 can be moved up and down by rotating the elevating screw rods 32 and 32. Each screwing portion 24 is screwed with each lifting screw rod 32 via a small ball (not shown), and each screwing portion 24 and each lifting screw rod 32 has a so-called ball screw structure. It can be moved up and down smoothly.

  A chuck 25 that holds the lower end 2b of the broach 2 is disposed on the upper surface of the broach holding portion 22. The broach 2 has a center axis L that is held by the chuck 25. It is held along the vertical direction (see FIG. 2). Here, the chuck 25 is disposed at a position inside the cylindrical housing 15. The gripping position of the broach 2 by the chuck 25 and the gripping position of the broach 2 by the chuck portion 42 of the lifter device 41 are the same in the horizontal direction. That is, with the chuck 25 of the broach holding unit 22 holding the lower end 2 b of the broach 2, the center axis L of the broach 2 and the center of the inner hole 52 of the workpiece 51 held by the table 11 The horizontal position matches.

  As described above, the lifting body 20 has the lifting screw rods 32, 32 of the lifting control device 31 arranged in the vertical direction (parallel to the central axis L of the broach 2), and the cylinder. Since the elevating guides 17 and 17 are arranged along the vertical direction (parallel to the central axis L of the broach 2) on the left and right side surfaces 15b and 15b of the casing 15, By driving the servo motors 33 and 33 synchronously in the same direction at the same rotational speed, the servo motors 33 and 33 are moved up and down accurately and stably in parallel with the central axis L of the broach 2. Then, the broach 2 held by the broach holding part 22 of the lifting body 20 moves up and down in the cylindrical housing 15 along the central axis L in the vertical direction.

  In addition, the base 5 of the broaching machine 1 of the present embodiment is provided with a storage tank 6 that opens upward under the above-described cylindrical casing 15. In the storage tank 6, cutting waste (not shown) generated from the workpiece 51 by cutting of the broach 2 is dropped and collected. Further, cutting oil used for cutting the broach 2 also flows down and accumulates in the storage tank 6.

Next, the processing aspect of the broaching machine 1 mentioned above is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 1, a workpiece 51 in which an inner hole 52 is formed as a lower hole is fixed and held on a table 11 by a holding device (not shown). Here, the lifter device 41 moves the movable body 43 in the retracted position (in FIG. 1) so that the lower end of the broach 2 is on the workpiece 51 with the chuck portion 42 gripping the upper end 2a of the broach 2. Position). Further, the elevating body 20 is configured such that the lower end of the cutting blade portion 2c of the broach 2 is above the inner hole 52 of the workpiece 51 in a state where the lower end portion 2b of the broach 2 is gripped by the chuck 25 of the broach holding portion 22. It is located in the standby position (position of FIG. 1).

  The upper end 2a of the broach 2 is gripped by the chuck portion 42 of the movable body 43 of the lifter device 41 and the hydraulic cylinder 45 is driven, so that the movable body 43 is lowered from the retracted position. Along with this, the broach 2 descends along its central axis L, and the lower end 2b of the broach 2 passes through the inner hole 52 of the workpiece 51 as shown in FIG. It is gripped by the chuck 25 of the broach holding part 22 of the lifting body 20. The movable body 43 controls the hydraulic cylinder 45 so that the lower end 2b of the broach 2 stops at a connection position (position of FIG. 4A) held by the chuck 25 of the elevating body 20.

  Thereafter, the lifting control device 31 rotates and drives the left and right lifting screw rods 32 and 32 by synchronously driving and controlling the servo motors 33 and 33. Thereby, the elevating body 20 descends in the vertical direction along the central axis L of the broach 2 held by the broach holding part 22 from the above-described standby position (FIGS. 4A to 4B). With this descending, the upper end 2a of the broach 2 is released from the chuck portion 42 of the movable body 43 described above.

  Then, as the elevating body 20 descends, the cutting blade portion 2 c of the broach 2 cuts the hole peripheral surface of the inner hole 52 of the workpiece 51. By this cutting process, the cutting waste is scattered downward, which is the direction in which the broach 2 is processed. Since the scattered cutting waste descends in the closed air space 19 surrounded by the cylindrical housing 15 under the table 11, it prevents the broach 2 from jumping to the outside of the cylindrical housing 15. 19 falls. And it accumulates in the storage tank 6 provided in the base 5. FIG. In addition, although the long holes 16 and 16 are opened before and behind the cylindrical housing | casing 15, since most of cutting waste falls in the closed air space 19 as mentioned above, it is scattered outside the cylindrical housing | casing 15. A small amount.

  Since the cutting waste falls in the closed air space 19 in this way, it can be prevented from adhering to the lifting screw rods 32, 32 disposed on the left and right sides of the cylindrical casing 15, and the cylindrical casing 15 can be prevented. Can be reliably prevented from adhering to the lifting guides 17 and 17 provided on the left and right side surfaces 15b and 15b, respectively. Thereby, since the raising / lowering body 20 and the broach 2 can be raised / lowered accurately and stably in the vertical direction along the central axis L, the hole peripheral surface of the inner hole 52 of the workpiece 51 is desired. Can be molded with high accuracy. Moreover, even if it exists in the raising / lowering screw rod 32 or the broach 2, desired durability can be exhibited. Therefore, according to the broaching machine 1 of the present embodiment, the workpiece 51 can be continuously processed, and high productivity can be exhibited.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the lifting control device 31 is configured to stop the lifting body 20 when the upper end portion 2a of the broach 2 is below the workpiece 51 ′. 33 is controlled. Then, after removing the workpiece 51 ′ after cutting from the table 11, the lifting control device 31 is driven to lift the lifting body 20 from the end position to the standby position (position in FIG. 4A). To do. At the standby position, the upper end 2a of the broach 2 is gripped by the chuck portion 42 of the movable body 43 stopped at the coupling position, and accordingly, the lower end 2b of the broach 2 is moved to the broach holding portion 22 of the elevating body 20. Are released from the chuck 25 (not shown). Thereafter, the hydraulic cylinder 45 of the lifter device 41 is driven to move the movable body 43 to the retracted position (position in FIG. 1) (not shown). In this way, cutting with the broach 2 is performed. In the present embodiment, the mechanisms used by the chuck 25 of the broach holding unit 22 and the chuck unit 42 of the lifter device 41 for gripping the broach 2 may be those conventionally used. Details are omitted here.

  The broaching machine 1 according to the present embodiment takes cutting waste and cutting oil from the storage tank 6 of the base 5, so that the cutting waste is taken out from the storage tank 6 with a net-like handle. Thereby, since cutting waste and cutting oil can be distinguished, each reuse or disposal processing is performed. Since it can be processed by separation in this way, it also has excellent environmental resistance. The cutting waste and the cutting oil can be separated by arranging a net in the storage tank 6 in advance, and a suction pipe provided with a net-like filter is arranged to suck only the cutting oil. Can also be done.

  As described above, in the broaching machine 1 according to the present embodiment, the cylindrical casing 15 has a role of a so-called frame that supports the table 11, the lifting screw rod 32, the servo motor 33, and the lifting body 20 vertically. It has the role which guides the raising / lowering movement to a direction, and the role which prevents scattering of cutting waste. By providing the cylindrical casing 15 having such a role (action), the broach 2 can be moved up and down along its central axis L to stably perform high-precision cutting, and processing by adhesion of cutting waste. The operational effect of the present invention, which can prevent defects and exhibit high productivity, can be exhibited efficiently and appropriately.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can of course be appropriately changed within the scope of the present invention.

It is a front view of the broaching machine 1 of a present Example. (A) MM cross section in FIG. 1, (B) NN cross section in FIG. 1, and (C) FF cross section in FIG. . It is GG longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 2 (A). FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view of the broaching machine 1.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Broach machine 2 Broach 6 Reservoir 11 Table 15 Cylindrical housing 16 Long hole 17 Lifting guide 20 Lifting body 21 Sliding support part 22 Broach holding part 31 Lifting control apparatus 32 Lifting screw rod 33 Servo motor 51 Workpiece L Center axis

Claims (2)

In a broaching machine that cuts a work piece held on a table by descending a long broach in the vertical direction along its central axis,
A cylindrical casing provided in the vertical direction under the table, provided with vertical slots facing each other in the front and rear, and provided on the outer surface with a lifting guide parallel to the central axis of the broach,
Elevating screw rods respectively disposed along the vertical direction at positions targeted with respect to the central axis of the broach on both the left and right sides of the cylindrical housing, and a servo motor for rotating each lifting screw rod A lifting control device comprising:
A broach holding part that is held between the front and rear elongated holes of the cylindrical case, and holds the lower end of the broach in the cylindrical case so that the central axis of the broach is along the vertical direction; A sliding support portion that supports the front and rear end portions and can be moved up and down along a lifting guide outside the cylindrical housing, and the sliding support portion is screwed into the lifting screw rod, A broaching machine comprising: an elevating body that moves up and down along the central axis of the broach by the rotation of the screw rod.   2. A storage tank that opens upward is provided below the cylindrical housing, and the cutting waste of the workpiece dropped by the cutting process of the broach is retained in the storage tank. Broaching machine as described in 1.

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