JP2009243490A - Bearing lubricating device - Google Patents

Bearing lubricating device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2009243490A
JP2009243490A JP2008087637A JP2008087637A JP2009243490A JP 2009243490 A JP2009243490 A JP 2009243490A JP 2008087637 A JP2008087637 A JP 2008087637A JP 2008087637 A JP2008087637 A JP 2008087637A JP 2009243490 A JP2009243490 A JP 2009243490A
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Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
suction
bearing
cage
guide surface
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JP2008087637A
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JP5107773B2 (en
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Tomoharu Ando
知治 安藤
Takashi Norihisa
孝志 則久
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Okuma Corp
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Okuma Corp
Okuma Machinery Works Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
    • F16C33/6674—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles related to the amount supplied, e.g. gaps to restrict flow of the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6685—Details of collecting or draining, e.g. returning the liquid to a sump

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bearing lubricating device which can exactly exhaust lubricating oil supplied to a bearing by a low cost constitution, and suitably adjust the amount of lubricating oil in the bearing. <P>SOLUTION: In an outer ring 5, four pairs of suction holes 11a penetrated from a peripheral surface in radial direction to an inner circumferential surface are arranged at a space of 90° in the circumferential direction. Here, the suction hole 11a is formed so that it may be opened at a location in front of a retainer 7 and outside of a rocking range of the retainer 7 in a guide surface 10. Furthermore, a lubricating oil absorbing means is connected to the suction hole 11a, and the lubricating oil between the guide surface 10 and the retainer 7 is absorbed through the suction hole 11a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、工作機械の主軸等を軸支する軸受に潤滑油を供給するための軸受潤滑装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a bearing lubrication device for supplying lubricating oil to a bearing that supports a main shaft or the like of a machine tool.

工作機械の主軸を軸支する軸受に潤滑油を供給するための軸受潤滑装置としては、特許文献１に開示のものが知られている。これは、ハウジングの上方に、導入口から軸受へ導く潤滑油の通路を形成する一方、ハウジングの下方に、軸受を通過した潤滑油を排出する排出口を設けて、軸受に供給された潤滑油を排出口から吸引装置により吸引して強制的に排出させる構造となっている。なお、ハウジングから完全に排出されずに流下した潤滑廃油は、ハウジング最下位置のオイルポケットに溜められ、同じく吸引装置により強制的に排出される。
また、特許文献２にも同様に、ハウジングの上方から供給孔を介して主軸の軸受に供給された潤滑油及びエアを、排出孔を介してハウジング下方から吸引ポンプによって強制的に排出する構造が記載されている。特に当該構造では、潤滑油とエアとを排出するに際し、吸引ポンプの故障や排出用パイプの目詰まりが生じた場合、排出用パイプに設けた安全弁によって潤滑油とエアとを外部へ放出させるようにしている。
さらに、特許文献３には、軸受の内輪の内周面から外周面へ半径方向に貫通する通孔を形成し、潤滑油を回転軸の軸心から通孔を介して内輪の外周面と保持器の内周面との感激に供給する主軸装置が開示されている。 As a bearing lubrication device for supplying lubricating oil to a bearing that supports a spindle of a machine tool, the one disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. The lubricating oil supplied to the bearing is formed by forming a passage for lubricating oil leading from the introduction port to the bearing above the housing, and providing a discharge port for discharging the lubricating oil passing through the bearing below the housing. Is sucked from the discharge port by a suction device and is forcibly discharged. The lubricating waste oil that has flowed down without being completely discharged from the housing is stored in an oil pocket at the lowest position of the housing, and is forcibly discharged by the suction device.
Similarly, Patent Document 2 has a structure in which the lubricating oil and air supplied from the upper part of the housing to the main shaft bearing through the supply hole are forcibly discharged from the lower part of the housing by the suction pump through the discharge hole. Are listed. In particular, in this structure, when the lubricating oil and air are discharged, if the suction pump fails or the discharging pipe is clogged, the lubricating oil and air are released to the outside by the safety valve provided on the discharging pipe. I have to.
Further, in Patent Document 3, a through-hole that penetrates in the radial direction from the inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring of the bearing is formed, and lubricating oil is held on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring through the through-hole from the shaft center of the rotating shaft. A main spindle device is disclosed which supplies the inner peripheral surface of the vessel in a sensitive manner.

実開昭６４−４２８４１号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 64-42841 実開平１−１７５１４７号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-175147 特開平１１−１６６５４８号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-166548

しかしながら、上記特許文献１及び２の技術では、潤滑油の排出経路が長くなって複雑化し、且つ、吸引能力の高いポンプを用いる必要があるため装置が高価になるという問題がある。また、吸引能力の高いポンプを用いても潤滑廃油が排出経路中に滞留しやすいという問題もある。さらに、廃油吸引部と軸受との距離が離れているため、吸引によって軸受内部の潤滑油量を調整することが困難であるという問題もある。
一方、特許文献３の技術によれば、軸受内部へ潤滑油を直接供給することが可能ではあるが、供給のみを行うため、やはり軸受内部における潤滑油量の調整は困難となっている。 However, the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that the lubricating oil discharge path becomes longer and complicated, and the apparatus is expensive because it is necessary to use a pump having a high suction capacity. In addition, there is a problem in that lubricating waste oil tends to stay in the discharge path even when a pump having a high suction capacity is used. Furthermore, since the distance between the waste oil suction portion and the bearing is large, there is a problem that it is difficult to adjust the amount of lubricating oil inside the bearing by suction.
On the other hand, according to the technique of Patent Document 3, it is possible to directly supply the lubricating oil into the bearing, but since only the supply is performed, it is difficult to adjust the amount of the lubricating oil inside the bearing.

そこで、本発明は、上記問題に鑑みなされたものであって、軸受に供給された潤滑油の確実な排出を安価な構成で実現するとともに、軸受内部の潤滑油量を適切に調整可能な軸受軸受潤滑装置を提供しようとするものである。   Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problem, and realizes reliable discharge of the lubricating oil supplied to the bearing with an inexpensive configuration and can appropriately adjust the amount of lubricating oil inside the bearing. A bearing lubrication device is to be provided.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明のうち請求項１に記載の発明は、リング状の保持器で周方向の間隔を一定に保持された複数の転動体を内輪と外輪との間に挟持させた転がり軸受に設けられ、前記転がり軸受内に潤滑油を供給する潤滑油供給手段と、前記転がり軸受内から潤滑油を吸引する潤滑油吸引手段とを備えた軸受潤滑装置であって、前記転がり軸受の内輪又は外輪に、当該内輪又は外輪の対向面側に設けられた前記保持器を案内する案内面内で、且つ、前記保持器よりも軸方向で外側となる位置に開口して半径方向へ貫通する吸引孔を少なくとも１つ形成し、前記吸引孔に前記潤滑油吸引手段を接続して、前記吸引孔を介して前記案内面と前記保持器との間の潤滑油の吸引を行うようにしたことを特徴とする。
請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の発明において、前記保持器の前記案内面と対向する側の端部を面取りして第１面取り部を形成し、当該第１面取り部と前記案内面との間に潤滑油を停留させるようにしたことを特徴とする。
請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項１又は２に記載の発明において、前記吸引孔の前記案内面側の開口縁を面取りして前記開口側へ拡開するテーパ部を形成したことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is configured such that a plurality of rolling elements, which are held at a constant circumferential interval by a ring-shaped cage, are sandwiched between an inner ring and an outer ring. A bearing lubrication device provided with a lubrication oil supply means that is provided in the rolling bearing and that feeds the lubrication oil into the rolling bearing; and a lubrication oil suction means that sucks the lubrication oil from the inside of the rolling bearing, The inner ring or outer ring of the rolling bearing has a radius that opens in a guide surface that guides the retainer provided on the opposite surface side of the inner ring or outer ring, and that is outside in the axial direction from the retainer. At least one suction hole penetrating in the direction is formed, the lubricating oil suction means is connected to the suction hole, and the lubricating oil is sucked between the guide surface and the cage through the suction hole. It is characterized by doing so.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, a first chamfered portion is formed by chamfering an end portion of the cage facing the guide surface to form a first chamfered portion. Lubricating oil is retained between the guide surface and the guide surface.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, a tapered portion that chamfers the opening edge of the suction hole on the guide surface side and expands toward the opening side is formed. And

本発明によれば、転がり軸受の内輪又は外輪に、当該内輪又は外輪の対向面側に設けられた保持器を案内する案内面内に開口して半径方向へ貫通する吸引孔を少なくとも１つ形成し、吸引孔に前記潤滑油吸引手段を接続して、吸引孔を介して案内面と保持器との間の潤滑油の吸引を行うようにしている。したがって、保持器と案内面との間に溜まっている潤滑油を直接吸引することができるため、廃油を確実に回収処理することができるし、転がり軸受内の潤滑油量を適切に調整することができ、転がり軸受の潤滑状態を常に最適な状態に維持することができる。さらに、潤滑油を内輪又は外輪から直接吸引するため、高い吸引能力を有する吸引ポンプ等が必要でなく、装置を安価に構成することができる。
また、吸引孔の開口位置を、請求項１に記載の発明では保持器よりも軸方向で外側となる位置としているため、転動体が転動する際に保持器と吸引孔の開口縁とが接触しない。したがって、保持器と吸引孔との接触により生じる摩耗粉の発生を防止することができ、ひいては吸引孔の目詰まりの発生を防止することができる。
さらに、請求項２に記載の発明では、保持器の案内面と対向する側の端部を面取りして第１面取り部を形成し、当該第１面取り部と案内面との間に潤滑油を停留させるようにしている。したがって、請求項２に記載の発明によれば、吸引孔を介して潤滑油を吸引する際、当該吸引孔の開口近傍に多くの潤滑油が停留した状態となっているため、潤滑油を効率良く吸引し排出することができる。
加えて、請求項３に記載の発明では、吸引孔の案内面側の開口縁を面取りして開口側へ拡開するテーパ部を形成している。したがって、吸引孔の開設時に生じたバリ等を確実に除去することができ、摩耗粉の発生を一層防止することができる。 According to the present invention, at least one suction hole penetrating in the radial direction is formed in the inner ring or outer ring of the rolling bearing and opens in the guide surface that guides the cage provided on the opposite surface side of the inner ring or outer ring. The lubricating oil suction means is connected to the suction hole so that the lubricating oil is sucked between the guide surface and the cage through the suction hole. Therefore, since the lubricating oil accumulated between the cage and the guide surface can be directly sucked, the waste oil can be reliably collected and the amount of lubricating oil in the rolling bearing can be adjusted appropriately. Therefore, the lubrication state of the rolling bearing can always be maintained in an optimum state. Further, since the lubricating oil is directly sucked from the inner ring or the outer ring, a suction pump or the like having a high suction capability is not necessary, and the apparatus can be configured at low cost.
Moreover, since the opening position of the suction hole is a position that is outside in the axial direction with respect to the cage in the invention described in claim 1, when the rolling element rolls, the cage and the opening edge of the suction hole are separated from each other. Do not touch. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the generation of abrasion powder caused by the contact between the cage and the suction hole, and thus it is possible to prevent the suction hole from being clogged.
Furthermore, in the invention described in claim 2, the end portion of the cage facing the guide surface is chamfered to form a first chamfered portion, and lubricating oil is provided between the first chamfered portion and the guide surface. I try to stop. Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the lubricating oil is sucked through the suction hole, a large amount of the lubricating oil remains in the vicinity of the opening of the suction hole. It can be sucked and discharged well.
In addition, in the invention described in claim 3, the opening edge on the guide surface side of the suction hole is chamfered to form a tapered portion that expands toward the opening side. Therefore, the burr | flash etc. which were produced at the time of opening of a suction hole can be removed reliably, and generation | occurrence | production of abrasion powder can be prevented further.

以下、本発明の一実施形態となる軸受潤滑装置について、図面にもとづき詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, a bearing lubrication device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１は、軸受潤滑装置及び当該軸受潤滑装置が設けられた転がり軸受１の軸方向への断面を示した説明図である。また、図２は、転がり軸受１の軸方向と直交する方向での断面を示した説明図であり、図３は、転がり軸受１を拡大して示した説明図である。
転がり軸受１は、工作機械に設けられる主軸装置のハウジング２内で、主軸３を軸支するものであって、同心に配設される内輪４及び外輪５と、内外輪４、５間に挟持される複数の転動体としてのボール６、６・・と、当該ボール６、６・・を周方向に保持しボール６同士の相対位置を位置決めするリング状の保持器７とを備えてなる。 FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a section in the axial direction of a bearing lubrication device and a rolling bearing 1 provided with the bearing lubrication device. 2 is an explanatory view showing a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the rolling bearing 1, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the rolling bearing 1 in an enlarged manner.
A rolling bearing 1 supports a main shaft 3 in a housing 2 of a main shaft device provided in a machine tool, and is sandwiched between inner and outer rings 4 and 5 and concentric inner and outer rings 4 and 5. Are provided as a plurality of rolling elements, and a ring-shaped cage 7 that holds the balls 6 in the circumferential direction and positions the relative positions of the balls 6.

保持器７は、ボール６を保持するための複数の保持孔８を有しており、各保持孔８は、軸方向への長さがボール６の直径よりも若干長い長円状とされている。したがって、主軸３の回転に伴ってボール６、６・・が転動する際、保持器７は、軸方向（前後方向）へ揺動しながらボール６、６・・と共に回転することになる。また、保持器７の外輪５と対向する側の前後端縁、及び保持孔８の外輪５と対向する側の開口縁には、面取り部９ａ、９ｂを設けている。尚、本実施例では、保持器７の内輪４と対向する側の前後端縁、及び保持孔８の内輪４と対向する側の開口縁にも面取りを施している。   The cage 7 has a plurality of holding holes 8 for holding the balls 6, and each holding hole 8 has an oval shape whose length in the axial direction is slightly longer than the diameter of the balls 6. Yes. Therefore, when the balls 6, 6... Roll with the rotation of the main shaft 3, the cage 7 rotates with the balls 6, 6... While swinging in the axial direction (front-rear direction). Further, chamfered portions 9 a and 9 b are provided on the front and rear end edges of the cage 7 facing the outer ring 5 and the opening edge of the retaining hole 8 facing the outer ring 5. In this embodiment, the front and rear end edges of the cage 7 facing the inner ring 4 and the opening edge of the retaining hole 8 facing the inner ring 4 are also chamfered.

また、外輪５の内周面側には、ボール６、６・・が転動する転動面と、上記保持器７を案内する案内面１０とが形成されている。さらに、外輪５には、外周面から内周面にわたって径方向へ貫通形成された吸引孔１１ａが、周方向に９０°間隔で４組設けられている。吸引孔１１ａは、案内面１０内において保持器７の前方で且つ保持器７の揺動範囲外となる位置に開口するように形成されている。したがって、吸引孔１１ａは面取り部９ａに近接して開口している。加えて、吸引孔１１ａの開口縁にも面取りが施されており、当該開口縁は開口側へ向かって拡開するテーパ部１２ａとなっている。   Further, a rolling surface on which the balls 6, 6... Roll and a guide surface 10 for guiding the cage 7 are formed on the inner peripheral surface side of the outer ring 5. Furthermore, the outer ring 5 is provided with four sets of suction holes 11a penetrating in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction. The suction hole 11 a is formed in the guide surface 10 so as to open at a position in front of the cage 7 and outside the swinging range of the cage 7. Therefore, the suction hole 11a is opened close to the chamfered portion 9a. In addition, the opening edge of the suction hole 11a is also chamfered, and the opening edge is a tapered portion 12a that expands toward the opening side.

さらに、ハウジング２には、貫通孔１３、１３・・が径方向へ貫通形成されており、吸引孔１１ａと連通されている。また、各貫通孔１３にはビニールチューブ１４の一端が接続され、当該ビニールチューブ１４の他端は、フィルタ１５を介して吸引ポンプ１６に接続される。そして、吸引ポンプ１６の動作により、外輪５の案内面１０と保持器７との間に溜まっている潤滑油を吸引して排出タンク１７へ回収可能としている。すなわち、貫通孔１３、ビニールチューブ１４、及び吸引ポンプ１６が本発明の潤滑油吸引手段となる。   Further, through holes 13 are formed in the housing 2 so as to penetrate in the radial direction and communicate with the suction holes 11a. Further, one end of a vinyl tube 14 is connected to each through hole 13, and the other end of the vinyl tube 14 is connected to a suction pump 16 through a filter 15. Then, by the operation of the suction pump 16, the lubricating oil accumulated between the guide surface 10 of the outer ring 5 and the cage 7 can be sucked and collected in the discharge tank 17. That is, the through hole 13, the vinyl tube 14, and the suction pump 16 serve as the lubricating oil suction means of the present invention.

一方、ハウジング２内で転がり軸受１を位置決め等するために転がり軸受１に隣接して設置されたカラー１８には、内輪４と外輪５との間へ潤滑油を供給するための供給孔１９が貫通形成されている。また、ハウジング２には、供給孔１９と連通する貫通孔２０も径方向へ貫通形成されており、当該貫通孔２０にはビニールチューブ２１の一端が接続されている。そして、ビニールチューブ２１の他端が供給ポンプ２２に接続されており、該供給ポンプ２２の動作により、供給タンク２３内の潤滑油を、供給孔１９を介して内輪４と外輪５との間へ供給可能としている。すなわち、貫通孔２０、ビニールチューブ２１、供給ポンプ２２、及び供給タンク２３が本発明の潤滑油供給手段となる。   On the other hand, the collar 18 installed adjacent to the rolling bearing 1 for positioning the rolling bearing 1 in the housing 2 has a supply hole 19 for supplying lubricating oil between the inner ring 4 and the outer ring 5. It is formed through. The housing 2 is also formed with a through hole 20 communicating with the supply hole 19 in the radial direction, and one end of a vinyl tube 21 is connected to the through hole 20. The other end of the vinyl tube 21 is connected to the supply pump 22, and the operation of the supply pump 22 causes the lubricating oil in the supply tank 23 to pass between the inner ring 4 and the outer ring 5 through the supply hole 19. It can be supplied. That is, the through hole 20, the vinyl tube 21, the supply pump 22, and the supply tank 23 serve as the lubricating oil supply means of the present invention.

尚、２４は吸引ポンプ制御部、２５は供給ポンプ制御部であって、吸引ポンプ１６及び供給ポンプ２２の動作は、夫々吸引ポンプ制御部２４又は供給ポンプ制御部２５を介してＮＣ装置２６により制御される。また、ＮＣ装置２６には、モータ制御部２７を介して、主軸３を回転させるモータ２８が接続されている。さらに、モータ制御部２７には、回転検出部２９を介して、主軸３の回転数を検出する回転検出器３０が接続されている。加えて、ＮＣ装置２６には、吸引ポンプ１６の作動回数（トータル回数）をカウントするためのカウンタ（図示せず）が内蔵されており、吸引ポンプ１６の作動回数が所定の規定回数に到達すると、吸引ポンプ１６の交換を促す。   Reference numeral 24 denotes a suction pump control unit, and 25 denotes a supply pump control unit. The operations of the suction pump 16 and the supply pump 22 are controlled by the NC device 26 via the suction pump control unit 24 or the supply pump control unit 25, respectively. Is done. Further, a motor 28 for rotating the main shaft 3 is connected to the NC device 26 via a motor control unit 27. Furthermore, a rotation detector 30 that detects the number of rotations of the main shaft 3 is connected to the motor control unit 27 via a rotation detection unit 29. In addition, the NC device 26 has a built-in counter (not shown) for counting the number of operations (total number) of the suction pump 16, and when the number of operations of the suction pump 16 reaches a predetermined specified number of times. Urge the replacement of the suction pump 16.

ここで、主軸の回転数と潤滑油の排出量（実測値）との関係について説明すると、図４に示すように、潤滑油の排出量は主軸の回転数によって大きく異なっており、図４に示すケースでは、１０００ｍｉｎ−１の回転数で最も排出量が多くなっている。また、排出量が多い１０００ｍｉｎ−１付近において保持器７から潤滑油を吸引する場合と吸引しない場合とで回転トルクの変化を比較すると、図５に示す如く、潤滑に寄与しない潤滑油を排出することによって攪拌抵抗が少なくなり、回転トルクが低下することになる。 Here, the relationship between the rotational speed of the main shaft and the amount of lubricating oil discharged (actually measured value) will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the amount of lubricating oil discharged varies greatly depending on the rotational speed of the main shaft. in the case shown, has a lot most emissions in revolutions 1000min -1. Further, when the change in rotational torque is compared between when the lubricating oil is sucked from the cage 7 and when the lubricating oil is not sucked in the vicinity of 1000 min −1 where the discharged amount is large, as shown in FIG. 5, the lubricating oil that does not contribute to lubrication is discharged. As a result, the stirring resistance is reduced, and the rotational torque is reduced.

以上の如く構成された軸受潤滑装置における潤滑油の供給／吸引制御について、図６をもとに説明する。図６は、潤滑油の供給／吸引制御を示したフローチャート図である。
まず、転がり軸受１から潤滑油を吸引するにあたっては、図４に示す如く、潤滑油の排出量は主軸３の回転数に大きく影響をうけることから、予め実験によって主軸３の回転数と潤滑油の排出量との関係を調査して、潤滑油の吸引を行いたい回転数ＮＩＮを決定しておく。
そして、主軸３の運転開始に伴い、予め決定された吸引を行う回転数ＮＩＮをＮＣ装置２６にセットする（Ｓ１）。続いて、供給ポンプ２２を作動させ、ビニールチューブ２１及び供給孔１９を介して潤滑油を規定の間隔で間欠的に内輪４と外輪５との間へ供給する（Ｓ２）。このようにして供給された潤滑油は、保持器７と外輪５の内周面との隙間、特に面取り部９ａ、９ｂと外輪５の内周面との隙間に多く貯留されることになる。 The supply / suction control of the lubricating oil in the bearing lubricating device configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the supply / suction control of the lubricating oil.
First, when the lubricating oil is sucked from the rolling bearing 1, as shown in FIG. 4, the amount of lubricating oil discharged greatly affects the rotational speed of the main shaft 3, and therefore the rotational speed of the main shaft 3 and the lubricating oil are experimentally determined beforehand. The number of revolutions N IN for which the lubricating oil is desired to be sucked is determined.
Then, as the operation of the main shaft 3 starts, the rotational speed N IN for performing a predetermined suction is set in the NC device 26 (S1). Subsequently, the supply pump 22 is operated, and the lubricating oil is intermittently supplied between the inner ring 4 and the outer ring 5 at a predetermined interval via the vinyl tube 21 and the supply hole 19 (S2). A large amount of the lubricating oil supplied in this way is stored in the gap between the cage 7 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 5, particularly in the gap between the chamfered portions 9 a and 9 b and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 5.

次に、回転検出器３０を介して主軸３の回転数Ｎを取得し（Ｓ３）、主軸３が運転中であるか否か（回転数Ｎが０であるか否か）を判断する（Ｓ４）。ここで、主軸３の運転が停止している（Ｓ４における判断の結果、ＮＯである）場合、吸引ポンプ１６及び供給ポンプ２２を夫々停止し（Ｓ６）、制御を終了する。
一方、主軸３が運転中である（Ｓ４における判断の結果、ＹＥＳである）場合には、主軸３の回転数Ｎが吸引を行う回転数ＮＩＮであるか否かを判断する（Ｓ５）。ここで、吸引を行う回転数ＮＩＮである（Ｓ５における判断の結果、ＹＥＳである）と、吸引ポンプ１６を作動させ（Ｓ８）、転がり軸受１内で特に面取り部９ａ、９ｂと外輪５の内周面との隙間に貯留されている潤滑油を、吸引孔１１ａからビニールチューブ１４を介して排出タンク１７へ回収する。そして、カウンタを１加算した（Ｓ９）後、Ｓ３へ移行する。一方、吸引を行う回転数ＮＩＮでない（Ｓ５における判断の結果、ＮＯである）場合、吸引ポンプ１６を作動させずに停止として（Ｓ７）、Ｓ３へ移行する。 Next, the rotational speed N of the main shaft 3 is acquired via the rotation detector 30 (S3), and it is determined whether or not the main shaft 3 is in operation (whether the rotational speed N is 0) (S4). ). Here, when the operation of the main shaft 3 is stopped (NO as a result of the determination in S4), the suction pump 16 and the supply pump 22 are stopped (S6), and the control is ended.
On the other hand, if the main shaft 3 is in operation (YES as a result of the determination in S4), it is determined whether or not the rotation speed N of the main shaft 3 is the rotation speed N IN for suction (S5). Here, if the rotation speed N IN is the suction speed (YES as a result of the determination in S5), the suction pump 16 is operated (S8), and the chamfered portions 9a and 9b and the outer ring 5 are particularly connected within the rolling bearing 1. The lubricating oil stored in the gap with the inner peripheral surface is collected from the suction hole 11a to the discharge tank 17 via the vinyl tube 14. Then, after adding 1 to the counter (S9), the process proceeds to S3. On the other hand, if the rotational speed NIN is not at which suction is performed (NO as a result of the determination in S5), the suction pump 16 is stopped without operating (S7), and the process proceeds to S3.

上述したような軸受潤滑装置によれば、転がり軸受１の外輪５に、保持器７の案内面１０内に開口して半径方向へ貫通する吸引孔１１ａを複数組設け、吸引孔１１ａに潤滑油排出手段を接続し、吸引孔１１ａを介して転がり軸受１内に溜まっている潤滑油を転がり軸受１外へ排出可能としている。したがって、保持器７と案内面１０との間に溜まっている潤滑油を直接吸引することができるため、廃油を確実に回収処理することができるし、転がり軸受１内の潤滑油量を適切に調整することができ、転がり軸受１の潤滑状態を常に最適な状態に維持することができる。さらに、潤滑油を外輪５から直接吸引するため、高い吸引能力を有する吸引ポンプ等が必要でなく、装置を安価に構成することができる。たとえば、エア式の吸引装置を用いると、吸引装置と２ｋＷ以上の能力を持つエアコンプレッサとが必要となるが、本実施形態の軸受潤滑装置では、４Ｗ程度の小型ポンプを用いて構成することができる。   According to the bearing lubrication apparatus as described above, the outer ring 5 of the rolling bearing 1 is provided with a plurality of sets of suction holes 11a that open into the guide surface 10 of the cage 7 and penetrate in the radial direction, and lubricating oil is provided in the suction holes 11a. A discharging means is connected to allow the lubricating oil accumulated in the rolling bearing 1 to be discharged out of the rolling bearing 1 through the suction hole 11a. Accordingly, since the lubricating oil accumulated between the cage 7 and the guide surface 10 can be directly sucked, the waste oil can be reliably recovered and the amount of lubricating oil in the rolling bearing 1 can be appropriately set. Therefore, the lubrication state of the rolling bearing 1 can always be maintained in an optimum state. Further, since the lubricating oil is directly sucked from the outer ring 5, a suction pump having a high suction capability is not necessary, and the apparatus can be configured at low cost. For example, when an air-type suction device is used, a suction device and an air compressor having a capacity of 2 kW or more are required. However, the bearing lubrication device of this embodiment can be configured using a small pump of about 4 W. it can.

また、吸引孔１１ａを、保持器７の前方で、保持器７の揺動範囲外となる位置に開口するよう形成しているため、主軸３の回転時に保持器７と吸引孔１１ａの開口縁とが接触しない。したがって、保持器７と吸引孔１１ａとの接触により生じる摩耗粉の発生を防止することができ、ひいては吸引孔１１ａの目詰まりの発生を防止することができる。
さらに、吸引孔１１ａの開口縁を面取りし、テーパ部１２ａとしているため、吸引孔１１ａの開設時に生じたバリ等を確実に除去することができ、摩耗粉の発生を一層防止することができる。
加えて、保持器７の外輪５と対向する側の前後端縁、及び保持孔８の外輪５と対向する側の開口縁に、面取り部９ａを設けているため、当該面取り部９ａと外輪５の内周面との隙間に多くの潤滑油を貯留させることができる。したがって、保持器７に隣接して開口する吸引孔１１ａから潤滑油を排出するにあたり、潤滑油を効率良く排出することができる。 Further, since the suction hole 11a is formed in front of the cage 7 so as to open to a position outside the swinging range of the cage 7, the opening edge of the cage 7 and the suction hole 11a when the main shaft 3 rotates. Does not touch. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the generation of abrasion powder caused by the contact between the cage 7 and the suction hole 11a, and thus to prevent the suction hole 11a from being clogged.
Furthermore, since the opening edge of the suction hole 11a is chamfered to form the tapered portion 12a, burrs and the like generated when the suction hole 11a is opened can be reliably removed, and generation of wear powder can be further prevented.
In addition, since the chamfered portion 9a is provided at the front and rear end edges of the cage 7 facing the outer ring 5 and the opening edge of the retaining hole 8 facing the outer ring 5, the chamfered portion 9a and the outer ring 5 are provided. A large amount of lubricating oil can be stored in the gap with the inner peripheral surface of the inner surface. Therefore, the lubricating oil can be efficiently discharged when the lubricating oil is discharged from the suction hole 11a opened adjacent to the cage 7.

なお、本発明の軸受潤滑装置に係る構成は、上記実施形態に記載の態様に何ら限定されるものではなく、転がり軸受、吸引孔、供給孔、潤滑油吸引手段、及び潤滑油供給手段等の構成を、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で必要に応じて適宜変更可能である。   In addition, the structure which concerns on the bearing lubrication apparatus of this invention is not limited to the aspect as described in the said embodiment at all, such as a rolling bearing, a suction hole, a supply hole, a lubricating oil suction means, a lubricating oil supply means, etc. The configuration can be appropriately changed as necessary without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

たとえば、上記実施形態では、吸引孔１１ａを外輪５にのみ設けているが、内輪４に設けてもよいし、両方に設けてもよい。よって、吸引孔や供給孔、ビニールチューブ等の数も適宜変更可能である。勿論、ビニールチューブに限らず、ハウジング２内に形成される流路を吸引孔１１ａに接続してもよいが、ビニールチューブであれば、転がり軸受１内に潤滑油を確実に供給できるとともに、排出経路内に廃油を停留させずに確実に回収できる利点がある。
さらにまた、転がり軸受１の転動体として、上記実施形態ではボール６を用いているが、ローラ等であっても適用可能である。
加えて、潤滑油の供給／吸引の制御は、主軸３の回転数によるものに限らない。たとえば、外輪５の外周面に転がり軸受１の振動状態を検出する加速度センサを設け、加速度センサで検出された加速度を予め設定された加速度閾値と比較して潤滑状態を判定し（潤滑状態判定手段）、その判定に基づいて供給する潤滑油量又は吸引する潤滑油量を変更するようにしてもよい。この場合も潤滑状態の判定に基づいて潤滑油の調整がより適切に行える。 For example, in the above embodiment, the suction hole 11a is provided only in the outer ring 5, but it may be provided in the inner ring 4 or in both. Therefore, the number of suction holes, supply holes, vinyl tubes, and the like can be changed as appropriate. Of course, the flow path formed in the housing 2 is not limited to the vinyl tube but may be connected to the suction hole 11a. However, if the plastic tube is used, the lubricating oil can be reliably supplied into the rolling bearing 1 and discharged. There is an advantage that waste oil can be reliably recovered without stopping in the path.
Furthermore, as the rolling element of the rolling bearing 1, the ball 6 is used in the above embodiment, but a roller or the like is also applicable.
In addition, the supply / suction control of the lubricating oil is not limited to that based on the rotational speed of the main shaft 3. For example, an acceleration sensor for detecting the vibration state of the rolling bearing 1 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 5, and the lubrication state is determined by comparing the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor with a preset acceleration threshold (lubrication state determination means). ), The amount of lubricating oil supplied or the amount of lubricating oil to be sucked may be changed based on the determination. Also in this case, the lubricating oil can be adjusted more appropriately based on the determination of the lubrication state.

転がり軸受の軸方向への断面を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the cross section to the axial direction of a rolling bearing. 転がり軸受の軸方向と直交する方向での断面を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the cross section in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of a rolling bearing. 転がり軸受を拡大して示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which expanded and showed the rolling bearing. 主軸の回転数と潤滑油の排出量との関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the rotation speed of a main axis | shaft, and the discharge amount of lubricating oil. 主軸の回転数と回転トルクとの関係を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the relationship between the rotation speed of a main axis | shaft, and rotational torque. 潤滑油の供給／吸引制御を示したフローチャート図である。It is the flowchart figure which showed supply / suction control of lubricating oil.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１・・転がり軸受、２・・ハウジング、３・・主軸、４・・内輪、５・・外輪、６・・ボール、７・・保持器、８・・保持孔、９ａ、９ｂ・・面取り部、１０・・案内面、１１ａ・・吸引孔、１２ａ・・テーパ部、１３、２０・・貫通孔、１４、２１・・ビニールチューブ、１６・・吸引ポンプ、１７・・排出タンク、１９・・供給孔、２２・・供給ポンプ、２３・・供給タンク、２６・・ＮＣ装置。   1 ·· Rolling bearings 2 · · Housing 3 · · Main shaft 4 · · Inner ring 5 · · Outer ring 6 · · Ball 7 · · Cage · 8 · · Holding hole 9a, 9b · · Chamfer 10 ... Guide surface 11a ... Suction hole 12a ... Tapered part 13,20 ... Through hole 14,21 ... Vinyl tube 16 ... Suction pump 17 ... Drain tank 19 ... Supply hole, 22 ... Supply pump, 23 ... Supply tank, 26 ... NC equipment.

Claims (3)

リング状の保持器で周方向の間隔を一定に保持された複数の転動体を内輪と外輪との間に挟持させた転がり軸受に設けられ、前記転がり軸受内に潤滑油を供給する潤滑油供給手段と、前記転がり軸受内から潤滑油を吸引する潤滑油吸引手段とを備えた軸受潤滑装置であって、
前記転がり軸受の内輪又は外輪に、当該内輪又は外輪の対向面側に設けられた前記保持器を案内する案内面内で、且つ、前記保持器よりも軸方向で外側となる位置に開口して半径方向へ貫通する吸引孔を少なくとも１つ形成し、前記吸引孔に前記潤滑油吸引手段を接続して、前記吸引孔を介して前記案内面と前記保持器との間の潤滑油の吸引を行うようにしたことを特徴とする軸受潤滑装置。 Lubricating oil supply that is provided in a rolling bearing in which a plurality of rolling elements that are held at a constant circumferential interval by a ring-shaped cage are sandwiched between an inner ring and an outer ring, and that supplies lubricating oil into the rolling bearing Means and a lubricating oil suction means for sucking lubricating oil from the inside of the rolling bearing,
The inner ring or outer ring of the rolling bearing has an opening in a guide surface that guides the cage provided on the opposite surface side of the inner ring or outer ring, and at a position that is outside in the axial direction than the cage. At least one suction hole penetrating in the radial direction is formed, the lubricating oil suction means is connected to the suction hole, and the suction of the lubricating oil between the guide surface and the cage is performed via the suction hole. A bearing lubrication device characterized in that the bearing lubrication device is provided. 前記保持器の前記案内面と対向する側の端部を面取りして第１面取り部を形成し、当該第１面取り部と前記案内面との間に潤滑油を停留させるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の軸受潤滑装置。   The end of the cage facing the guide surface is chamfered to form a first chamfered portion, and lubricating oil is retained between the first chamfered portion and the guide surface. The bearing lubrication device according to claim 1. 前記吸引孔の前記案内面側の開口縁を面取りして前記開口側へ拡開するテーパ部を形成したことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の軸受潤滑装置。   The bearing lubrication device according to claim 1, wherein a tapered portion is formed by chamfering an opening edge on the guide surface side of the suction hole and expanding toward the opening side.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012053366A1 (en) * 2010-10-19 2012-04-26 Ntn株式会社 Roller bearing
JP2012087864A (en) * 2010-10-19 2012-05-10 Ntn Corp Roller bearing
EP2754908A1 (en) * 2013-01-10 2014-07-16 Alstom Wind, S.L.U. Lubrication systems for bearing assemblies
CN104308653A (en) * 2014-09-29 2015-01-28 浙江法拿克机械科技有限公司 Oil discharge device for numerical control machine tool
CN105927658A (en) * 2016-03-31 2016-09-07 苏州亚思科精密数控有限公司 Internal shaft oil supply-type rotating shaft

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WO2012053366A1 (en) * 2010-10-19 2012-04-26 Ntn株式会社 Roller bearing
JP2012087864A (en) * 2010-10-19 2012-05-10 Ntn Corp Roller bearing
CN103180626A (en) * 2010-10-19 2013-06-26 Ntn株式会社 Roller bearing
US8979384B2 (en) 2010-10-19 2015-03-17 Ntn Corporation Rolling bearing device
US9033582B2 (en) 2010-10-19 2015-05-19 Ntn Corporation Rolling bearing device
EP2754908A1 (en) * 2013-01-10 2014-07-16 Alstom Wind, S.L.U. Lubrication systems for bearing assemblies
US9677707B2 (en) 2013-01-10 2017-06-13 Alstom Renewabletechnologies Lubrication systems for bearing assemblies
CN104308653A (en) * 2014-09-29 2015-01-28 浙江法拿克机械科技有限公司 Oil discharge device for numerical control machine tool
CN105927658A (en) * 2016-03-31 2016-09-07 苏州亚思科精密数控有限公司 Internal shaft oil supply-type rotating shaft

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