JP2009241116A - Welding method of metallic material and joined body of metallic material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a metallic material joining method that excels in workability and that can fully secure water tightness and airtightness while deformation of a joined body is suppressed, and also to provide the joined body of a metallic material. <P>SOLUTION: In this metallic material joining method, joining strength of a joined body 1 is fully secured by a spot welding zone 11, while sealing of a joined line L is materialized by a continuous welding zone 12. Accordingly, unlike the case where joining and sealing of outer panels 2, 2 are made compatible only by the continuous welding zone 12, heat input into the superposed part 3 of the outer panels 2, 2 can be reduced, with water tightness and airtightness fully secured while deformation of the joined body 1 is suppressed. In addition, by performing electric resistance spot welding before laser welding, the spot welding zone 11 formed previously can be made to function as a fixing means of the superposed part 3. Consequently, in performing laser welding, a tool for gap control or tack welding is unnecessary, providing excellent workability. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a metal material welding method and a metal material joined body.

Conventionally, for example, in a method for welding a metal body used as an outer plate of a railway vehicle structure, a water-tightness and an air-tightness of the joined body are ensured by joining metal materials with a spot sealer. However, since the spot sealer is an organic substance, there is a problem of deterioration due to aging. In recent years, there is also an environmental background that the use of organic substances should be eliminated as much as possible. Therefore, there is a technique for ensuring the watertightness and airtightness of the joined body of metal material by forming a continuous welded part by laser welding instead of the spot sealer (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2006-136904 A

  However, when trying to achieve both the joining and sealing of the metal material by continuous welding using laser welding, the heat input required to form the continuous welding increases, and distortion occurs in the joined body. It becomes a problem. Further, since strict gap management between metal materials is required at the time of laser welding and introduction of a jig is essential, there is a problem to be solved in terms of workability.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and has excellent workability and a metal material joining method and a metal material joint capable of sufficiently ensuring water tightness and air tightness while suppressing distortion of a joined body. The purpose is to provide a body.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a metal material welding method according to the present invention is a method for welding metal materials that are superposed on each other, and is performed by electrical resistance spot welding on a superposed portion of metal materials along a predetermined joining line. The method includes a step of forming a spot weld and a step of forming a continuous weld by laser welding on a metal material along the spot weld.

  In this metal material welding method, the joint strength of the joined body is sufficiently ensured by the spot welded portion, and the sealing of the joint line is realized by the continuous welded portion. Therefore, unlike the case where both the joining and sealing of the metal material are made compatible only by the continuous welded portion, it is possible to reduce the heat input to the overlapped portion of the metal material, thereby suppressing the distortion of the joined body. Sufficient watertightness and airtightness can be secured. Further, by performing electrical resistance spot welding prior to laser welding, the previously formed spot weld can be made to function as a fixing means for the overlapping portion. Therefore, when performing laser welding, a jig for gap management and temporary fixing are unnecessary, and the workability is excellent.

  Moreover, it is preferable to form a continuous welding part so that a spot welding part may be tied. In this case, since the portion where the gap between the metal materials is reduced by the spot welded portion is laser-welded, a suitable continuous welded portion can be formed. Moreover, the strength of the joined body is increased by combining the spot weld and the continuous weld.

  Moreover, it is preferable to supply a filler wire toward the laser irradiation position in a metal material at the time of laser welding. In this case, since the allowable range for the gap between the metal materials is widened in laser welding, the watertightness and airtightness of the joined body can be more easily ensured.

  Further, the metal material joined body according to the present invention is a metal material joined body superposed on each other, and is spot welded by electric resistance spot welding formed on a superposed portion of the metal material along a predetermined joining line. And a continuous welded portion formed by laser welding formed along the spot welded portion.

  In this metal material joined body, the joint strength is sufficiently ensured by the spot welded portion, and the continuous welded portion functions as a sealing portion of the joining line. Therefore, unlike the case where both the joining and sealing of the metal material are achieved only by the continuous welded portion, the heat input to the overlapping portion of the metal material is reduced, and the water tightness and air tightness are sufficiently suppressed while suppressing the distortion. Can be secured.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the continuous welding part is formed so that a spot welding part may be tied. In this case, the strength of the joined body can be further increased.

  According to the present invention, workability is excellent, and water tightness and air tightness can be sufficiently secured while suppressing distortion of the joined body.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a metal material welding method and a metal material joint according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a joined body manufactured by using one embodiment of a metal material welding method according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the joined body 1 is a member formed by joining two outer plates 2 and 2, for example, as a curtain panel, a waist panel, a blowing panel, etc. constituting a side structure of a railway vehicle. It is used.

  The outer plates 2 and 2 are made of stainless steel, for example, and have a thickness of about 1 mm, for example. The outer plates 2 and 2 may be made of aluminum alloy, high-tensile steel, or other general metallic steel materials in addition to stainless steel. The overlapping portion 3 of the outer plates 2 and 2 is provided with, for example, a joining line L along the longitudinal direction of the railway vehicle, and welding and sealing are performed along the joining line L.

  More specifically, a spot welded portion 11 by electric resistance spot welding and a continuous welded portion 12 by laser welding are formed on the overlapping portion 3 of the outer plates 2 and 2. A plurality of spot welds 11 are formed in a straight line with a predetermined interval along the joining line L, and firmly join the outer plates 2 and 2 together.

  On the other hand, the continuous weld 12 is formed in a straight line so as to connect the spot welds 11 along the joining line L. In the portion where the spot weld 11 and the continuous weld 12 are joined, as shown in FIG. 2, it passes through the approximate center of the spot weld 11 formed flat in the in-plane direction inside the joined body 1. The continuous welding part 12 is formed in the thickness direction of the joined body.

  The continuous welding part 12 has penetrated from the 1st surface 1a side of the conjugate | zygote 1 used as a vehicle outer surface, for example, to the other surface 1b side of the joined_body | complex used as a vehicle inner surface, for example. Thereby, the continuous welding part 12 functions as a sealing part which seals the outer plates 2 and 2 along the joining line L in addition to strengthening the joining strength between the outer plates 2 and 2, and the watertightness of the joined body 1. Ensures sexuality and airtightness.

  Then, the welding method of the outer plate | boards 2 and 2 mentioned above is demonstrated.

  In this welding, first, the outer plates 2 and 2 to be joined are prepared and overlapped with a surface plate (not shown). Next, electrical resistance spot welding is performed on the outer plates 2 and 2. In electrical resistance spot welding, as shown in FIG. 3, a pair of electrodes 22 and 22 connected to a welding power source 21 are introduced. And the spot welding part 11 is formed by pinching the predetermined | prescribed position on the joining line L with the front-end | tip of the electrodes 22 and 22, and giving an electric current and a pressure locally. Thereafter, a plurality of spot welds 11 are formed at predetermined intervals by repeating the same operation while moving the positions of the electrodes 22 and 22 along the joining line L.

  After the spot weld 11 is formed, laser welding is performed on the outer plates 2 and 2. In laser welding, a laser welding apparatus 31 is introduced as shown in FIG. The laser welding device 31 includes a processing head 32, a filler supply device 33, and a scanning device 34. A YAG laser beam 35 having a wavelength of 1.064 μm and an output of about 4.0 kW is emitted from the processing head 32, and a filler wire 37 made of the same material as that of the outer plates 2 and 2 is supplied from the filler supply device 33 through the pipe 36. The YAG laser beam 35 is supplied toward the irradiation position 38. The scanning device 34 scans the machining head 32 along the joining line L at a speed of 0.5 m / min, for example.

  Although not shown, a gas supply device for supplying assist gas is introduced near the laser irradiation position 38 in laser welding. The pipe 36 of the filler supply device 33 and the nozzle of the gas supply device are fixed to the processing head 32 and can move together with the processing head 32.

  By scanning the irradiation position 38 of the YAG laser beam 35 along the joining line L using such a laser welding apparatus 31, linear continuous welding is performed on the joining line L so as to connect the spot welded portion 11. Portions 12 are formed sequentially. Thereby, the joined body 1 shown in FIG. 1 is completed.

  As described above, in this metal material welding method, the joining strength of the joined body 1 is sufficiently ensured by the spot welded portion 11, and the sealing of the joining line L is realized by the continuous welded portion 12. Therefore, unlike the case where both the joining and sealing of the outer plates 2 and 2 are made compatible only by the continuous welded portion 12, the heat input to the overlapping portion 3 of the outer plates 2 and 2 can be reduced. In addition, water tightness and air tightness can be sufficiently secured while suppressing distortion of the joined body 1.

  Further, by performing electrical resistance spot welding prior to laser welding, the previously formed spot weld 11 can be functioned as a fixing means for the overlapped portion 3. Therefore, when performing laser welding, a jig for gap management and temporary fixing are unnecessary, and the workability is excellent.

  Furthermore, in this metal material welding method, the continuous welded portion 12 is formed so as to connect the approximate center of the spot welded portion 11. Thereby, since the part where the clearance gap between the outer plates 2 and 2 was reduced by the spot welding part 11 can be laser-welded, a suitable continuous welding part can be formed. Moreover, the intensity | strength of the joined body 1 is raised because the spot weld part 11 and the continuous weld part 12 couple | bond (refer FIG. 2).

  In this metal material welding method, the filler wire 37 is supplied toward the laser irradiation position 38 during laser welding. Thereby, since the tolerance | permissible_range with respect to the clearance gap between the outer plates 2 and 2 becomes wide in laser welding, the watertightness and airtightness of the joining body 1 can be ensured more easily.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the spot welded portion 11 is formed in a straight line along the joining line L, and the continuous welded portion 12 is formed so as to connect the spot welded portion 11. It may be formed with a certain width with respect to L, and the continuous welded portion does not necessarily have to be coupled with the spot welded portion.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a joined body according to a modification. In the joined body 41 shown in the figure, for example, the spot welded portions 11 are formed in a staggered manner so as to straddle the joined line L, and are continuously along the joined line L so as to pass through a substantially central portion between the spot welded portions 11. A weld 12 is formed. In addition, the continuous welding part 12 may be formed so that the spot welding part 11 of one row | line | column of the staggered spot welding part 11 may be tied, and so that the spot welding part 11 of both rows may be tied, respectively. You may form in 2 rows.

It is a perspective view which shows the joined body manufactured using one Embodiment of the welding method of the metal material which concerns on this invention. It is the II-II sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the welding method of the metal material which concerns on this invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a step subsequent to FIG. 3. It is a perspective view of the joined body concerning the modification of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Joined body, 2 ... Outer plate (metal material), 3 ... Overlapping part, 11 ... Spot welding part, 12 ... Continuous welding part, 37 ... Filler wire, 38 ... Irradiation position, L ... Joining line.

Claims (5)

A method for welding metal materials stacked on top of each other,
Forming a spot welded portion by electric resistance spot welding on the overlapping portion of the metal material along a predetermined joining line;
Forming a continuous weld by laser welding on the metal material along the spot weld;
A method for welding a metal material, comprising:   The metal material welding method according to claim 1, wherein the continuous weld is formed so as to connect the spot welds.   The metal material welding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a filler wire is supplied toward a laser irradiation position in the metal material during the laser welding. It is a joined body of metal materials superimposed on each other,
A spot welded portion formed by electrical resistance spot welding formed on the overlapping portion of the metal material along a predetermined joining line;
A continuous weld by laser welding formed along the spot weld;
A metal-material joined body characterized by comprising:   The said continuous welding part is formed so that the said spot welding part may be tied, The joined body of the metal material of Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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