JP2009221726A - Block for waterway - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive and easy-to-manufacture block for a waterway, which can control the amount of vegetation of plants to a proper amount without deteriorating a function intrinsic in the waterway, and which enables the coexistence of human life and nature while protecting the nature around the waterway. <P>SOLUTION: This recessed cross-section block 1 for the waterway has a predetermined length in a water passing direction; one or more sand reservoir sections 2 with a predetermined depth, in which sediment 3 carried by a flow is to be stored, are formed in a recess-shaped cross-section inner bottom surface; and the water-passing-direction back edge side of the sand reservoir portion 2 is formed as an inclined plane with an inclination making a predetermined angle or less to the inner bottom surface 1a. When flow resistance to the plants striking root in sediment 3 is increased, the plants 4 are washed away. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a channel block used as a side groove block for forming an irrigation channel, and more particularly to a channel block in which aquatic organisms such as fireflies, insects, plants and the like can live.

  In recent years, the environment in which fireflies and other aquatic life can live is very few. The emotional landscapes of fireflies that were commonly seen in rural areas a few or thirty years ago are now becoming a thing of the past. And once these environments are destroyed, it is extremely difficult to restore them.

  It cannot be said that there is no relation between the fact that the environment in which such fireflies can live has decreased and that the water channels made from canal blocks have spread to these habitats. Drainage channels and irrigation canals have been constructed in place of the rich natural environment of habitat, and the area has been developed. In a sense, it can be said that artificial waterways have deprived habitats such as fireflies.

  Here, the channel block such as the side channel block is a block having a predetermined length and a concave cross section, and the inner surface is smoothly formed. By arranging a plurality of the channel blocks side by side, It forms waterways such as canals and irrigation canals. In paddy fields, irrigation canals are created by digging trenches along the canals and burying canal blocks in the trenches.

  Now, since the original purpose of such a waterway block is to supply water such as water drainage and irrigation, it becomes a hindrance to flow when plants grow in the flow path. For this reason, the conventional waterway block is desired to have a structure and a material that prevent the plant from taking root. Normally, plants rarely cluster on the waterway block.

  However, in contrast to this, the environment in which plants do not take root is the environment in which amphibians such as aquatic insects and moths, aquatic organisms such as loach fish, and nearby land-based insects can live. I don't get it. This is because the ecosystem is formed based on the symbiosis that depends on plants. Artificial waterways not only break this symbiotic relationship, but are also a huge maze that threatens survival for insects. If they fall into the waterway, they cannot die up because of their steep artificial side walls and die. Thus, for all living organisms living around the water channel, the water channel using the conventional block for water channel provides an environment unsuitable for living organisms.

  Among them, fireflies are insects that need distinctive fresh water for their habitat and live on both the fresh water and nearby land. It can be said to be a barometer of environmental destruction. Therefore, when fireflies become habitable, it can be said that the water has been purified, and all living organisms living around the waterways have regained their habitable environment. Can now co-exist.

  Therefore, conventionally, a gutter block structure capable of obtaining a suitable environment for the growth of aquatic insects, microorganisms and algae, fish, and other organisms and reducing the flow velocity, and a water channel and a gutter formed thereby. In order to provide a method for producing a block structure, a side groove block structure in which a plant fiber layer is integrally attached to the inner surface of a water channel of a concrete material having water permeability has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

  A concrete material having water permeability is used as the concrete material. As the aggregate, artificial lightweight aggregate or industrial waste is used. As the binder for the concrete material, an inorganic binder or an organic binder is employed, and each is used alone or in combination. As the plant fiber layer, many plant fibers obtained by drying the plant fibers can be adopted, but palm fibers are suitable.

  In addition, in order to form a preferred habitat for aquatic organisms, and to provide a relatively inexpensive and simple one that is in harmony with the surrounding landscape, in a drainage channel such as agricultural for U-section or concrete block for drainage channel In addition, U-shaped concrete blocks for waterways such as agricultural use in which a plurality of through-holes having a width narrower than the width of the waterway are partially arranged on the bottom plate, such as randomly or staggered, have been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 2). . A similar one is disclosed in Patent Document 3.

JP 2005-194893 A JP 2001-172941 A JP 2004-197363 A

  In the gutter block structure described in Patent Document 1, the inner surface is covered with a plant fiber layer, and the skin surface of concrete is not exposed. Make it excellent.

  In addition, since both the concrete material and the plant fiber layer have a porous structure, for example, when a water channel is formed by a gutter block structure, water can permeate from the surrounding soil into the water channel during the flooding period, and the drought period Can supply water to the surrounding soil from the waterway. Since water is also supplied to the underground, it will prevent land subsidence in the surrounding area and prevent a decrease in groundwater level, and contribute to life support of surrounding plants, microorganisms, insects, etc. even in drought seasons It is something that can be done.

  However, as described in Patent Document 1, making the concrete material and the plant fiber layer both porous structures means that the original function of the water channel (the function of supplying water downstream) is impaired, and the downstream side Then, drowning will occur. Plants are easy to grow in the upstream where water is supplied abundantly, and plants grow on the upstream side, overhanging the waterway and hindering flow. As a result, the flow stagnated here, and water further penetrated into the basement, further reducing the amount of water supplied to the downstream side.

  Similarly, the side groove block described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 has a through hole at the bottom, and the root of the plant grown in the through hole is firmly rooted deep in the ground below the water channel. For this reason, even if there is an increase in water, it will not be washed away, but if it returns to the normal water level, it will get up gradually and return to its original shape, blocking the running water. As a result, the original function of the water channel is impaired, water is drowned on the downstream side, and the supply amount is reduced.

  Therefore, when using the side groove blocks described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, a relatively large channel cross section is required to flow the same amount of water, which leads to a decrease in farmland. And if we wanted to avoid it, we had to do mowing and mud lifting many times. As described above, conventionally, the amount of vegetation of a plant that naturally takes root in the water channel cannot be controlled, and the plant gradually protrudes into the water channel over time, and eventually becomes a hindrance to the flow.

  If possible, if the plant grows to an appropriate size, the larger size of the plant will block the flow, so when it reaches this size it will stop growing naturally or the large plant will be removed naturally. Is desirable. And it becomes the environment where all living organisms living near the waterway easily live.

  Appropriate amount of plants should be rooted in the waterway, and water should be purified by the action of microorganisms and the like that inhabit around these plants, so that an environment where aquatic organisms and fireflies can live sufficiently should be realized. At this time, all living creatures and human life could coexist without destroying the ecosystem around the waterway.

  Therefore, the present invention can control the amount of plant vegetation in an appropriate amount without damaging the original function of the waterway, protect the nature around the waterway, allow coexistence with human life, and is inexpensive and easy to manufacture. The purpose is to provide.

  The channel block according to the present invention solves the above-mentioned problem, and is a channel block having a concave cross section and having a predetermined length in the direction of water flow, and the earth and sand carried by the flow on the inner bottom surface of the concave cross section. 1 or two or more sand reservoirs having a predetermined depth for storing water, and the trailing edge side of the sand reservoir in the water passing direction has a slope of a predetermined angle or less with respect to the inner bottom surface The plant is washed away when the flow resistance against the plant rooted in the earth and sand increases.

  According to the block for waterway of the present invention, the original function of the waterway is not impaired, the size of the plant and the amount of vegetation can be controlled appropriately, and the coexistence with the human life is possible while protecting the nature around the waterway. Easy to manufacture.

  A first aspect of the present invention is a water channel block having a concave cross section and having a predetermined length in the direction of water flow, wherein one or more of the inner and bottom surfaces of the concave cross section for storing earth and sand carried by a flow or Two or more sand reservoirs with a predetermined depth are formed, and the trailing edge side of the sand reservoir in the direction of water passage is formed as an inclined surface having a gradient of a predetermined angle or less with respect to the inner bottom surface, and is rooted in the earth and sand. It is a block for waterways characterized in that the plant is washed away when the resistance of the flow to the plant increases.

  With this configuration, the size and vegetation amount of the plant can be controlled appropriately without impairing the original function of the waterway, and the coexistence with the human life can be made while protecting the nature around the waterway, and it becomes cheap and easy to manufacture.

  A second invention of the present invention is an invention dependent on the first invention, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the sand reservoir portion in a direction orthogonal to the water flow direction is a trapezoidal shape with a long side facing the flow. It is a block.

  With this configuration, it is easy to create a sand reservoir with a simple shape.

  A third invention of the present invention is an invention dependent on the first or second invention, wherein the gradient is connected to the first gradient capable of causing the plant to be washed away and the inner bottom surface on the trailing edge side. It is a block for waterways characterized by including the 2nd gradient larger than 1 gradient.

  With this configuration, a rear end surface having a second slope is formed, and stable sediment can be retained until the size and vegetation amount of the plant exceed the limits. If this limit is exceeded, the plant can be washed away. Become.

  A fourth invention of the present invention is an invention dependent on any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the sand reservoir is formed to have a predetermined depth or less in order to cause the plant to be washed away. It is the block for waterways characterized.

  With this configuration, when the size of the plant and the amount of vegetation exceed the limits, soil and plants can be washed away.

  A fifth invention of the present invention is an invention dependent on any one of the first to fourth inventions, wherein one or two or more narrow grooves are formed on the side wall surface of the concave cross section. It is a block for the waterway to do.

  With this configuration, a narrow groove is formed in the side wall surface of the water channel block, and when an insect or the like falls into the water channel and tries to crawl up, it can be used as a scaffold from which the insect or the like escapes.

  A sixth invention of the present invention is an invention dependent on any one of the first to fifth inventions, wherein the sand reservoirs are aligned in order of two or more in the direction perpendicular to the water flow direction on the bottom surface with the center as a reference. It is the block for waterways characterized by being formed by this and arrange | positioning with the predetermined pitch.

  With this configuration, there is almost no meandering in the flow.

  A seventh invention of the present invention is an invention subordinate to any one of the first to sixth inventions, wherein two or more sand reservoirs are in the direction perpendicular to the water flow direction on the bottom surface with reference to the center. It is the block for waterways characterized by being formed in the zigzag arrangement.

  With this configuration, the flow meanders and becomes a relaxed flow, providing an environment suitable for the aquatic life.

(Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, the block for waterways in Embodiment 1 of this invention and the waterway formed by it are demonstrated. 1 is a perspective view of a water channel block according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water channel block according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 3 (b) is a front view in the flow direction of the water channel block of FIG. 3 (a), and FIG. 4 (a) is a view of the sand reservoir of the water channel block according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 4 (b) is an xx cross-sectional view of the sand reservoir portion of (a), FIG. 4 (c) is a yy cross-sectional view of the sand reservoir portion of (a), and FIG. 5 (a) is a book. FIG. 5B is an explanatory view of the structure of the sand reservoir in Embodiment 1 of the invention, and FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram of the action of the sand reservoir of FIG.

  1, 2, 3 (a), 3 (b), 4 (a), (b), and (c) have a concave cross section, a predetermined channel width for flowing water, and a predetermined channel. It is a side groove block having a substantially bowl-like shape in length. The width of the inner bottom surface 1 a between the side walls 1 b is the water channel width of the water channel block 1. The block body is made of a concrete material. Although not shown in the figure, if necessary, for example, reinforcing bars are arranged vertically and horizontally in the channel width direction (direction perpendicular to the water flow direction of the present invention) and the flow direction. It is streaked.

  As the concrete material constituting the block for waterway 1, it is preferable to use a cement having water resistance strength. And in order to manufacture this, although not shown in detail, the side wall 1b used as the inner surface of a concave block and the inner bottom face 1a are prescribed | regulated on the flat bottom mold which forms the thick part of the inner bottom face 1a. The groove mold is placed at a distance corresponding to the wall thickness, side molds that give the thickness of both side walls 1b are arranged on both sides, and the top mold is placed on the upper side of the side mold and the groove mold. This is done by placing it on a framework and filling it with concrete.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the water channel block 1 according to the first embodiment is formed with a sand reservoir 2 having a rectangular opening on the inner bottom surface 1 a and a bottomed recess or bottomed groove shape. Has been. The rectangular opening has a short side arranged along the side wall 1b so as to be along the side wall 1b, and the long side is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the flow. A plurality of waterway blocks 1 are connected to form a long waterway.

  If the water is continuously passed through the water channel, the earth and sand carried by the water will be accumulated in the sand reservoir 2. The channel block 1 according to the first embodiment is for vegetating plants that have been carried by this flow or carried by wind in the earth and sand.

  By the way, when the sand reservoir 2 is formed with a through-hole or a porous structure as in the prior art, water leaks from the through-hole or the porous structure, so that water is drowned on the downstream side, and the amount of water supplied decreases. To come. And if the plant 4 takes root in the ground through the through hole, the plant 4 grows large and protrudes into the flow, thereby increasing the flow resistance and further reducing the amount of water supplied. In this case, even if the water block 1 is formed with a through hole or a porous structure for the purpose of protecting nature around the water channel, the original function of the water channel may be impaired.

  If possible, it is preferable to allow and promote the growth of the plant 4 to an appropriate size so that the plant 4 having a larger size does not grow or grow beyond the allowable limit. If the plant 4 takes root with an appropriate amount of vegetation, it is possible to provide an environment in which all living organisms living around the waterway can easily live while maintaining the original function (water supply) of the waterway.

  For this reason, the block 1 for waterways of Embodiment 1 forms the dent or groove | channel sand reservoir part 2 on the inner bottom face 1a, and borrows the power of the flow by making the dent shape into a specific shape, and plant 4 It controls the size and amount of vegetation.

  Hereinafter, the structure of the block 1 for waterways in Embodiment 1 is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 (a) (b), FIG. 4 (a) (b) (c), the channel block 1 has an inner wall surface composed of both side walls 1b and an inner bottom surface 1a. Each of them is formed into a concave cross section having a predetermined thickness. Further, the water channel block 1 is formed in a predetermined length which is one unit in the direction of water flow (water flow direction of the present invention), for example, 2000 mm to 3000 mm, and the water channel block 1 is connected to both ends thereof. Male and female fitting portions to be fitted when the water channel is formed are provided. When connecting, it is only necessary to fit securely and easily, and the form of the fitting portion is not limited.

  The inner bottom surface 1a of the water channel block 1 is provided with a plurality of sand reservoirs 2 at a predetermined pitch in the direction of water flow, for example, 200 mm to 300 mm, for example, 283 mm. The sand reservoir 2 of the first embodiment is a polygonal shape such as a trapezoidal shape or a pentagonal shape in which the cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction is directed to the upper side (the surface through which water flows). In addition, the front edge side and the rear edge side have a bottomed groove with a shape expanding upward.

  A plurality of sand reservoirs 2 are provided side by side in the flow direction, and a rectangular opening is formed so that the flow direction is 40 mm to 60 mm and the orthogonal direction is about 100 mm to 390 mm when viewed from the front formed on the inner bottom surface 1a. Is about 10 mm to 30 mm. In addition, although it is appropriate to provide a plurality of sand reservoirs 2 in the flow direction, there is also a short unit length of the block for water channel 1, and there may be one or two or more. . In the first embodiment, a plurality of sand reservoirs 2 are provided in the same size and in parallel with a direction perpendicular to the flow direction, and aligned in a row with reference to the center position (center line) of the inner bottom surface 1a. Yes. Therefore, there is no great change in the flow, and meandering is unlikely.

  By the way, if the vertical and horizontal sizes of the sand reservoir 2 are too small or the depth is insufficient, the amount of accumulated earth and sand decreases, and the plant 4 does not take root. Conversely, if the size of the sand reservoir 2 is too large or too deep, the amount of sediment that has been carried by the water will increase, but the plant 4 will be deeply rooted, and the plant 4 will exceed the required amount. Come to swarm. As time goes on, it becomes so crowded that it cannot be removed.

  Accordingly, the sand reservoir 2 has a suitable size and structure having a suitable depth and a suitable shape depending on the structure of the water channel block 1, and the plant 4 has an appropriate amount of vegetation when this is satisfied. I understand that As a preferable structure of the sand reservoir 2, as described below, the opening on the rear edge side expands upward, and an inclined surface 2 b having a gentle gradient of a predetermined angle or less with respect to the inner bottom surface 1 a is provided. It is good to make it the bottomed hollow or groove | channel provided. Moreover, such a shape can be formed simply by projecting a projecting portion corresponding to the sand reservoir from the groove mold when the waterway block 1 is manufactured.

  By the way, even if the inclined surface 2b of the sand reservoir 2 is said to have a gentle slope, it does not mean that any water channel block 1 must be constant. It may be changed depending on the size and depth. The gradient, such as tall plants, may be affected by the type of plant 4 and will vary depending on how much vegetation is used. For example, if the sand reservoir 2 has a depth of 15 mm and a flow direction of 50 mm × orthogonal direction 390 mm, the angle is 25 ° to 30 ° or less, and an angle larger than 10 ° is desirable. If the angle is within this range, the accumulated amount of accumulated sand and sand 3, the degree of integration solidified with a stretched root, and the holding force are appropriate. In addition, when it is 10 degrees or less, for example, 5 degrees, the size of the opening of the sand reservoir 2 becomes too large in the flow direction, occupies the inner bottom surface 1a irrespective of the plant 4, and the upper earth and sand 3 is easily washed away. In such a case, as described later, it is preferable to add a second gradient to prevent the earth and sand 3 from flowing out and prevent the size of the opening of the sand reservoir 2 from being excessively widened.

  If the size of the opening of the sand reservoir 2 is increased and the depth is increased, the amount of sediment 3 that has been carried increases, and the plants 4 become clustered. From these, by controlling the size, depth, inclination and structure of the opening of the sand reservoir 2, the plant 4 is rooted in the earth and sand 3 of the sand reservoir 2, and at the same time, the plants that grow in the sand reservoir 2 It can be seen that the amount of vegetation 4 can be controlled. This reduces the need for mud raising work and can reduce the burden on farmers and the like.

  4A, 4B, and 4C are enlarged views of the sand reservoir 2. FIG. The xx cross section of the sand reservoir 2 in FIG. 4 (a) is FIG. 4 (b), and the yy cross section is FIG. 4 (c). As can be seen from FIGS. 4B and 4C, the opening of the sand reservoir 2 provided on the inner bottom surface 1a expands toward the space in the water channel in both the flow direction and the direction orthogonal to the flow. It is an open groove (a groove whose side surface is inclined). The depth of the sand reservoir 2 is H, and the depression formed in the inner bottom surface 1a has a rectangular opening.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (c), the expansion on the side wall 1b side has an inclination of an angle close to 90 °, but the rear edge side of the sand reservoir 2 has a θ1 (first inclination of the present invention) of 25. The inclined surface 2b is formed so as to incline at an angle greater than 10 ° and less than 30 °. A gradient is also provided on the front edge side, and the angle of the gradient corresponding to θ1 is formed as an acute angle close to 90 °.

  The trailing edge side may be directly connected to the inner bottom surface 1a with an angle of θ1, but if θ1 is small, the size of the opening of the sand reservoir 2 becomes too large, so in FIG. A portion connected to 1a (a portion having a height h) is formed as an inclined surface 2d, and θ2 (the second gradient of the present invention) is an angle greater than 25 ° to 30 °, in this case an acute gradient close to vertical. Inclined. In this case, the cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the direction of flow of the sand reservoir 2 is a polygon with the longest long side positioned above (water flowing side). Note that θ1 and θ2 are gradients with respect to the inner bottom surface 1a of the water channel block 1, but this can be shown as an intersection angle as shown in FIG. It is equivalent.

  By adding the inclination of θ2 in addition to the inclination of the angle of θ1, the rear end surface inclined at the angle of θ2 is formed in the sand reservoir 2, and the size of the opening of the sand reservoir 2 becomes too large. It is possible to hold the soil stably until the size and the amount of vegetation of the plant 4 exceed the limit, and the plant 4 can be washed away if the limit is exceeded.

  Thus, when the sand reservoir 2 is provided with a suitable shape having an appropriate depth and a suitable shape, the plant is rooted in the sand reservoir 2, and at the same time, the plant 4 is washed away, so that the size of the plant 4 or Explain the mechanism by which the amount of vegetation can be controlled. Fig.5 (a) is explanatory drawing of a structure of a sand reservoir part, FIG.5 (b) is explanatory drawing of an effect | action of the sand reservoir part of (a).

  The broken line in FIG. 5 (a) shows an inclined surface in the case of providing an inclination of angle θ2, which is the second gradient, and is connected to an inclined surface provided with an inclination of angle θ1, which is the first gradient. It is shown that it is provided.

  Now, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), if a plant 4 such as aquatic plants is rooted in the earth and sand 3 collected in the sand reservoir 2, the water flow 5 exerts a flow force R on the root of the plant 4. Can be considered. Actually, fluid resistance acts on each stem, and the total force R and point of action are determined. The force R of the water flow 5 is considered to act along the flow direction of the water flow 5 (the direction along the inner bottom surface 1a).

  Next, although the plant 4 carried by the water stream 5 has roots in the earth and sand 3, since the depth of the sand reservoir 2 is shallow and H, there is a limit to rooting enough. Therefore, there is a limit to the growth of the plant 4, and it is difficult to grow large. The reaction force F acts on the earth and sand 3 by the action of the force R due to the fluid resistance of the water flow 5, and the force N and the holding force P perpendicular to the inclined surface act on the earth and sand 3 near the inclined surface of θ1. The reaction force F generates a rotational moment M by the force R and the reaction force F. When the inclination of θ1 is small, the holding force P can easily exceed the limit. When there is no momentum in the flow, the rotational moment M is small and the holding force P does not exceed the limit. However, when the flow becomes strong, the direction of the force N is perpendicular to the θ1 direction, so the holding force P easily reaches the limit. The earth and sand 3 and the plant 4 can be lifted from the sand reservoir 2 and detached.

  This rotational moment M increases in proportion to the fluid resistance, and acts to lift the earth and sand 3 together with the roots from the sand reservoir 2. Since the fluid resistance can be regarded as the sum of the resistance to the individual stem parts of the plant 4 rooted in the earth and sand 3, when the plant 4 is excessively clustered, the fluid resistance increases, and the plant 4 and the earth and sand 3 are lifted and removed by this. it can. And although there is a fluctuation in the amount of water in the flow of the water channel, even when the amount of water is small and the resistance is small, the depth H of the sand reservoir 2 is shallow, so that the roots are prevented from growing, and when the amount of water is large, the force R is It becomes larger and the desorption effect works. Therefore, the plant 4 does not grow greatly in the channel block 1 regardless of the amount of water. The water flow 5 always flows without stagnation, and the supply amount of water does not decrease downstream.

  In addition, when the inclination of the angle of θ2, which is the second gradient, is provided, a considerable portion of the force R can be borne by the inclined surface 2d, and the holding force of the earth and sand 3 is more than the case of only the inclined surface b of θ1. P increases and can hold the earth and sand 3 stably. Moreover, since the inclination of θ2 is provided, the magnitude of the rotational moment M can be generally maintained, and the vegetation amount of the plant 4 is controlled by the inclined surfaces of θ1 and θ2, as in the case of only the inclined surface 2b of θ1. be able to.

  Thus, the block for waterways in Embodiment 1 does not cause water drainage on the downstream side, can control the size and vegetation amount of the plant appropriately, protects the nature around the waterway, and coexists with human life. It becomes possible. Moreover, in the production, the sand reservoir can be easily formed simply by providing the groove mold frame with the convex portion corresponding to the sand reservoir, and can be manufactured at low cost.

(Embodiment 2)
Hereinafter, the block for waterways in Embodiment 2 of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 6 is a front view in the flow direction of the waterway block according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The water channel block according to the second embodiment has basically the same configuration as the water channel block according to the first embodiment, except that the arrangement of the sand reservoirs is different. Therefore, FIGS. 1, 2, 3 (a), 4 (a), (b), (c), and FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) used in the description of the first embodiment are the descriptions of the second embodiment. Also, the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first embodiment are given. The detailed description is omitted from the description of the first embodiment.

  The block 1 for waterways in Embodiment 2 of this invention makes the sand reservoir part 2 the staggered arrangement. As shown in FIG. 6, the sand reservoirs 2 are arranged in a staggered arrangement in the flow direction. When viewed in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction on the inner bottom surface 1a, a plurality of sand reservoirs 2 are arranged in a staggered arrangement with reference to the center position of the inner bottom surface 1a. That is, they are alternately arranged on the left and right in the flow direction.

  As in the first embodiment, the sand reservoirs 2 of the same size are not formed to be aligned in a row with respect to the central position of the inner bottom surface 1a, but the sand reservoirs 2 of the same size are arranged in two rows. Since the sand and sand 3 is settled in the sand reservoir 2 and the plant 4 grows, the water flow 5 gently flows around the plant 4 of the sand reservoir 2 and flows.

  Since the sand reservoirs 2 are arranged in a staggered arrangement, it is unlikely that sedimentation of the earth and sand 3 progresses by being offset only on the upstream side, and sedimentation of the earth and sand 3 is delayed on the downstream side. In addition, since the flow is meandering, the flow velocity is reduced, and the environment is calm and favorable for aquatic organisms living around the plant 4.

  As described above, the block for the water channel in the second embodiment can reduce the spatial and temporal variation in the sedimentation amount of the sediment in each sand reservoir, and the flow is meandering, so that the flow rate is lowered, A favorable environment can be provided for aquatic organisms living in the surroundings. The original function of the waterway is not impaired, the size of the plant and the amount of vegetation can be controlled appropriately, and the nature around the waterway can be protected while allowing coexistence with human life, making it cheap and easy to manufacture.

(Embodiment 3)
Hereinafter, the block for waterways in Embodiment 3 of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 7 is a side view in the flow direction of the waterway block according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The water channel block of the third embodiment has basically the same configuration as the water channel block of the first embodiment, and only the arrangement of the sand reservoirs is different. Therefore, FIGS. 1, 2, 3 (b), 4 (a), (b), (c), and FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) used in the description of the first embodiment are the descriptions of the third embodiment. Also, the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first embodiment are given. The detailed description is omitted from the description of the first embodiment.

  The channel block 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention has a narrow groove 6 formed on the side wall surface 1b and serves as a scaffold from which insects and the like come out. Fireflies inhabit both the clean water environment of the habitat and the nearby land. The narrow groove 6 that bridges from the water to the land is an important element for the fireflies.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the narrow groove 6 is provided in the side wall surface 1b of the channel block 1 from near the inner bottom surface 1a to the upper end of the side wall surface 1b. Fireflies can move from underwater along the narrow groove, and if insects fall into the waterway and try to crawl up, they can escape if they enter inside the narrow groove 6 Become. The width of the narrow groove 6 is preferably 5 mm to 15 mm, for example, about 7 mm. However, any width and form may be used as long as the width becomes a scaffold for insects. In addition, the side wall surface 1b may be inclined in addition to the 90 ° direction with respect to the inner bottom surface 1a.

  In forming the narrow groove 6, as in the case of creating the sand reservoir 2, the narrow groove 6 can be formed simply by providing a ridge corresponding to the narrow groove 6 protruding from the groove mold at the time of manufacture.

  As described above, the channel block according to the third embodiment forms a narrow groove on the side wall surface of the channel block, and when an insect or the like falls into the channel and enters the inside of the channel, the insect or the like Can be used as a scaffold. It can provide a favorable environment for insects that live near waterways. The original function of the waterway is not impaired, and the size and vegetation amount of the plant can be controlled to an appropriate level, and the coexistence with the human life can be made while protecting the nature around the waterway, and it becomes cheap and easy to manufacture.

  The present invention can be applied to a channel block such as a side groove block.

The perspective view of the block for waterways in Embodiment 1 of this invention Sectional drawing of the block for waterways in Embodiment 1 of this invention (A) Flow direction side view of the water channel block in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, (b) Flow direction front view of the water channel block of (a) (A) Enlarged view of sand reservoir portion of block for waterway in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, (b) xx sectional view of sand reservoir portion of (a), (c) of sand reservoir portion of (a) yy cross section (A) Explanatory drawing of the structure of the sand reservoir in Embodiment 1 of this invention, (b) Explanatory drawing of an effect | action of the sand reservoir of (a). Flow direction front view of waterway block in embodiment 2 of the present invention Side view of flow direction of block for waterway in Embodiment 3 of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waterway block 1b Side wall 1a Inner bottom face 2 Sand reservoir 3 Earth and sand 4 Plant 5 Water flow 6 Narrow groove θ1 First gradient θ2 Second gradient h Depth H Depth R Force N Force P Holding force F Reaction force M Rotation Moment

Claims (7)

  A block for a water channel having a concave cross section and having a predetermined length in the direction of water flow, wherein the inner bottom surface of the concave cross section has one or more predetermined depths for storing earth and sand carried by the flow. A sand reservoir is formed, and a rear edge side of the sand reservoir in the direction of water flow is formed as an inclined surface having a gradient of a predetermined angle or less with respect to the inner bottom surface, and flows to a plant rooted in the earth and sand. A canal block characterized in that the plant is washed away when the resistance of the water increases.   The channel block according to claim 1, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the sand reservoir portion in a direction orthogonal to the water flow direction is a trapezoidal shape with a long side facing the flow.   The gradient includes a first gradient that allows the plant to be washed away, and a second gradient that is larger than the first gradient connected to the inner bottom surface on the trailing edge side. Or the block for waterways of 2.   The channel block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sand reservoir is formed to have a predetermined depth or less in order to cause the plant to be washed away.   The channel block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein one or two or more narrow grooves are formed on a side wall surface of the concave cross section.   The sand reservoir is formed in the bottom surface in a direction perpendicular to the direction of water flow and arranged in order of two or more on the basis of the center, and arranged at a predetermined pitch. The block for waterways described in item 1.   The sand reservoir is formed in a staggered arrangement in which two or more sand reservoirs are formed on the bottom surface in a direction orthogonal to the water flow direction with reference to the center. Waterway block.

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