JP2009220065A - Grinding method and grinding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grinding method can efficiently and inexpensively obtain a good grinding result in a system for pressurizing a container having flexibility from the outside to grind the same. <P>SOLUTION: A buffer solution and a target 4 are put in a container 1 having flexibility and used for extracting a sample and the target 4 in the container 1 is automatically triturated by pressurizing the container 1 from the outside. The container 1 is pressurized by pressure elements 6 and 7 to triturate the target 4. The pressurization by the pressure elements 6 and 7 is relaxed on the way of the trituration. A chance for again returning the target once escaped from the pressure elements 6 and 7 to the position receiving the force by the pressure elements 6 and 7 is provided. The target is uniformly triturate to obtain the good triturating result. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grinding method and apparatus for automatically grinding a flexible container containing a buffer solution and an object to be inspected.

  Prior to testing for infection with pathogens such as viruses and bacteria, and testing for toxic substances, all or part of the tissues or organs of animals or plants to be tested, or the site of infection (for example, pharynx or Soak a cotton ball (and a part of the cotton swab integrated with the cotton ball) with the wiping fluid of the nasal cavity etc. in the buffer solution in the container, and grind it for homogenization. The operation of taking out is performed.

  Conventionally, the cost of such a grinding tool is most inexpensive using a mortar and pestle. However, the inspector's fatigue is high enough to grind and it is hopeless to grind a large amount of objects.

  Others: Example 1: The object is put into a thin bag with a stitch inside, and the whole bag is crushed, Example 2: The impeller is inserted into a container and rotated, or Example 3: Patent Document 1 As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2007-237008), a magnet is put in a container and an object is ground by a magnet.

  Example 1 cannot be applied to a large number of subjects because the squashing must be repeated manually.

  As in Example 2 and Example 3, in the method of inserting a foreign object that is neither a target nor a buffer solution into the container, when the target is a cotton ball, the cotton ball and the foreign object interfere with each other, and it is not practical. Since they come into contact with pathogens and medicinal poisons, extra operations such as disinfection and sterilization must be performed each time the foreign substances are used repeatedly, which is extremely complicated.

  In addition, there is a device that applies vibration to the container and grinds it, but it is very expensive (about 1 million yen) and increases the running cost. Is the actual situation.

Some of the present applicants have developed and proposed a container that has flexibility and can be very efficiently ground when it is manually squeezed from the outside (Patent Document 2: JP 2007-218903 A). However, even with this container, fatigue accumulates when one inspector tries to grind a large amount of objects.
JP 2007-237008 A JP 2007-218903 A

  In view of the above situation, the present inventor has intensively studied a grinding method and apparatus that can be automatically ground using this container and that is inexpensive and easy to use, and have completed the present invention.

  As will be described in detail later, in the verification process, it has been found that good grinding results can be obtained using not only the above container but also other commercially available containers as long as they have flexibility. did.

  That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a grinding method capable of obtaining a good grinding result efficiently and inexpensively and a related technique in a method of pressing and grinding a flexible container from the outside. .

  A grinding method according to a first aspect of the present invention is a grinding method for automatically grinding a flexible container used for sample extraction, in which a buffer solution and an object are placed, wherein the pressurizer And a pressure reducing step for reducing pressure applied by the pressurizer in the middle of the grinding step.

  With this configuration, in order to grind the object, the container is pressurized from the outside to the inside by the pressurizer, and the force imitating the force of manual massage is applied to the container (that is, the object immersed in the buffer solution therein). Let

  Here, the object located in the place where the force by the pressurizer acts is ground and taken out into the buffer solution as the ground object.

  However, since the object is immersed in the buffer solution, there may be one that moves to a position where it escapes from the pressurizer.

  Therefore, by including the pressurization relaxation step, an opportunity to return to the position where the object once escaped from the pressurizer receives the force by the pressurizer is set. Thereby, an object can be ground evenly and a favorable grinding result can be obtained.

  In the pressurization relaxation step, the pressurization by the pressurizer may be zero.

  In this way, the force acting on the target that has escaped from the pressurizer is reduced to zero, and the probability that the target that has once escaped from the pressurizer will return to the position where it receives the force from the pressurizer will be increased. Milling results can be obtained.

  The subject may be all or part of the leaves of a plant, may be a cotton ball to which a wiping fluid is attached, or may be all or part of an animal tissue or organ.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to improve the possibility that the object that has once escaped from the pressurizer will return to the position where it receives the force from the pressurizer again, and evenly grind the object to obtain a good grinding result. be able to.

  Moreover, since the grinding operation can be automated with a pressurizer, there is little fatigue of the inspector.

  Since there is no need to use foreign substances that come in contact with pathogens and medicinal poisons, extra operations such as disinfection and sterilization of foreign substances are not necessary.

  Since a complicated mechanism for applying vibration to the container is unnecessary, the grinding device can be configured simply and inexpensively, and the grinding operation can be automated in a realistic manner.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, prior to the description of the grinding method of the present invention, the grinding method and its problems in a comparative example (premise) for the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a process explanatory diagram of a grinding method in a comparative example. First, the container 1 is prepared. As described in the section of the prior art, the container 1 is preferably made of a flexible material (for example, a transparent or translucent resin or the like) and has grooves or irregularities in order to promote grinding. Moreover, the container 1 of FIG. 1 has the wide flange 2 and the head 3 at the upper part. For details, refer to Patent Document 2.

  First, the untreated object 4 is placed in the container 1 together with the buffer solution, and the container 1 is set between the pair of pressurizers 6 and 7. When the object is a cotton ball, the end of the cotton swab on the opposite side of the cotton ball usually protrudes upward from the container 1, so that the head 3 remains open. However, when the object is not a cotton ball, it is desirable to attach a cap or the like to the head 3 and seal the head 3. Even when a short cotton swab is used and the entire cotton swab can be stored in the container 1, it is desirable to attach a cap or the like to the head 3 and seal the head 3.

  Here, the untreated object 4 is arbitrary as long as it is a test object such as a plant- or animal-derived sample or food.

  More specifically, the untreated subject 4 is a citrus leaf or a part thereof that is suspected of being infected if an SDV (Wenzhou dwarf virus) test is performed, and a cotton swab with a cotton ball is used. If you use it to inspect various wiping fluids (for example, nasal cavity, pharynx, keratoconjunctiva, nasal discharge, sputum, eyes, wounds, feces, vomit, gastric lavage fluid, etc.) If other tissues (liver, kidney, spleen, lung, brain, stomach contents, intestinal contents, etc.) are examined, the tissues are themselves.

  As the inspection field, inspection of infection with pathogens such as viruses and bacteria, inspection of medicinal poisons, and the like can be considered.

  Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, a part of the leaves of the citrus tree is set as the unprocessed target 4, but this is not intended to limit the present invention to this target. Hereinafter, the target is the above-described cotton ball or other tissues, etc. Is also included in the present invention, and the present invention can be similarly applied.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 1, problems in the case where the automatic grinding using the container 1 and the pressurizers 6 and 7 to apply a force imitating a hand-kneading will be simply described. As shown in FIG. 1 (a), after setting the container 1 between the pressurizers 6 and 7, as shown in FIG. 1 (b) to FIG. When the container 1 is pressurized from the outside and the pressurizers 6 and 7 are operated so as to simulate hand-grip, the untreated object 4 located at a position sandwiched between the pressurizers 6 and 7 is ground, and FIG. As shown in f), it becomes the processed object 5.

  However, when pressurization by the pressurizers 6 and 7 is started as shown in FIG. 1B, the untreated object 4 is immersed in the buffer solution and can move up and down relatively freely. When the buffer solution between the pressurizers 6 and 7 is pressurized, the buffer solution between the pressurizers 6 and 7 flows upward or downward from between the pressurizers 6 and 7.

  With this flow, a part or most of the untreated object 4 escapes upward or downward from between the pressurizers 6 and 7, and even if the pressurizers 6 and 7 perform an operation simulating handcuffs, Will be lost. That is, the grinding effect is insufficient. This inventor paid attention to this.

  In other words, as a result, as shown in FIG. 1 (f), some unprocessed objects 4 are ground and become processed objects 5, while other unprocessed objects 4 remain after the grinding operation is completed. It can still be the unprocessed object 4.

  The present inventor examines the above results and not only simply continues the operation simulating hand-grip, but also inserts an operation to relieve pressure between them, and the grinding effect is greatly improved. I found it.

  Next, an outline of the grinding method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. First, the container 1 is set as shown in FIG. Since this point is the same as that in FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), pressurization by the pressurizers 6 and 7 is started and an operation simulating hand-kneading is executed. This is also the same as FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIG.2 (c), the pressurization by the pressurizers 6 and 7 is once reduced. In the example of FIG. 2, the pressurizers 6 and 7 are completely removed from the container 1 to make the applied pressure zero, but this is not necessarily required.

  That is, if the pressurizing force of the pressurizers 6 and 7 is reduced (even if the pressurizing force is not necessarily reduced to zero), the buffer solution pressed by the pressurizers 6 and 7 tries to return to the original position, and the pressurizing force is increased accordingly. This is because the untreated object 4 that has escaped from between the indenters 6 and 7 can be expected to return between the indenters 6 and 7, and it is included in the present invention.

  When the applied pressure is reduced, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the untreated object 4 that has escaped upward or downward from the pressurizers 6 and 7 returns to the space between the pressurizers 6 and 7 again. When the pressurization by the pressurizers 6 and 7 is resumed as shown in d), most of the untreated object 4 that has escaped is ground by the pressurizers 6 and 7.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2 (e), when the pressurization by the pressurizers 6 and 7 is eased again and the pressurization by the pressurizers 6 and 7 is resumed as shown in FIG. The untreated object 4 is well ground and becomes the treated object 5.

  In other words, if the operation of mitigating the pressure is inserted not only simply by continuing the operation imitating the hand-kneading, the grinding efficiency is remarkably improved as will be described later with an example.

  Since the grinding efficiency is greatly related to the accuracy of the inspection performed thereafter, the grinding method of the present invention greatly contributes to improving the inspection accuracy.

  Hereinafter, various grinding apparatuses for carrying out the grinding method of the present invention will be described.

(Embodiment 1)
In the first embodiment, a pair of first pressurizer 11 and second pressurizer 12 is used. The first pressurizer 11 and the second pressurizer 12 respectively perform an operation of sliding relative to the container 1 and an operation of sandwiching / releasing the container 1 relatively.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view of the grinding apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  On the base 10, a first pressurizer 11 that moves in the up and down direction in FIG. 3 (the arrow N1 direction is “downward”), and a second pressurizer 12 that moves in the left and right direction (arrow N2 direction) in FIG. Is provided.

  In FIG. 3, the first pressurizer 11 is in a position where the container 1 is loosened, and a plurality of containers 1 are set with a predetermined interval between the first pressurizer 11 and the second pressurizer 12 to start operation. To do. From this, it will be understood that a large number of objects can be ground simultaneously.

  If the 1st pressurizer 11 moves to the arrow N3 direction from the state shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 4, the container 1 will be compressed by the 1st pressurizer 11 and the 2nd pressurizer 12, and will receive a pressure from the outside. . Moreover, the 2nd pressurizer 12 moves to the arrow N2 direction, and the operation | movement which pinches the container 1 is implemented.

  2 (a), FIG. 2 (c), FIG. 2 (e) and FIG. 2 (g) are subjected to the pressure relaxation operation according to FIG. 3, and FIG. 2 (b), FIG. 2 (d) and FIG. If the pressurizing operation in f) is carried out with reference to FIG. 4, the grinding method of the present invention can be carried out by the apparatus of the first embodiment.

  As apparent from FIGS. 3 and 4, according to the grinding apparatus in the first embodiment, the untreated objects 4 in several containers 1 can be automatically ground simultaneously and in parallel. In addition to reducing fatigue due to aging, the efficiency of grinding can be greatly improved compared to the case of manual itching.

  Next, an implementation example of the grinding apparatus of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 is a plan view of the grinding device in the same mounting example, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the base 10 is provided with a pair of a first pressurizer 11 that moves in the directions of arrows N1 and N3 and a second pressurizer 12 that reciprocates in the direction of arrow N2. A plurality of containers 1 are set in the gap 13 between the first pressurizer 11 and the second pressurizer 12. Of course, only one container 1 can be set.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the front of the base 10 is opened, and a mounting space 10a is formed. The inspector can set the container 1 toward the gap 13 from the mounting space 10a. The mounting space 10a is closed by a lid 10b as necessary.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a horizontal fixing plate 15 is provided inside the base 10, and the motor 14 is fixed to the fixing plate 15 so that the output shaft 16 of the motor 14 faces downward.

  A large-diameter first gear 17 and a tangential cam 18 are coaxially attached to the output shaft 16.

  In the state shown in FIG. 6, the maximum outer circumference of the tangential cam 18 is located on the left side of FIG. 6, the minimum outer circumference is located on the right side of FIG. 6, and the tangential cam 18 has a maximum displacement t in the radial direction.

  A standing wall 19 is erected from the bottom of the base 10, and the right end of the tension spring 20 is fixed to the upper end thereof. The left end portion of the tension spring 20 is fixed to the shaft support portion of the vertical cam follower shaft 21.

  In the middle of the cam follower shaft 21, a cam follower 22 that is in circumferential contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tangential cam 18 is rotatably mounted. Therefore, the cam follower 22 is biased by the spring force of the tension spring 20, and the outer peripheral surface of the cam follower 22 is always in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tangential cam 18.

  The upper end portion of the cam follower shaft 21 is rotatably attached to the first stage 23. The bottom surface of the first pressurizer 11 is fixed to the upper surface of the first stage 23.

  Therefore, when the motor 14 is driven and the output shaft 16 and the tangential cam 18 rotate, the first pressurizer 11 protrudes toward the container 1 so that the amplitude becomes the maximum displacement t, and the position where the container 1 is pressurized. It reciprocates to the position which relieves pressurization away from.

  On the other hand, the second stage 25 to which the bottom surface of the second pressurizer 12 is fixed is supported so as to be slidable in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 6 with respect to the slide base 24 provided at the bottom of the base 10.

  A rack 26 is formed on the first gear 17 side of the bottom of the second stage 25, and a pinion 27 that rotates about the rotation shaft 28 is engaged with the rack 26.

  With the mechanism described below, the rotational force of the output shaft 16 is transmitted to the pinion 27 with a predetermined gear ratio. The pinion 27 rotates forward / reversely in the horizontal plane, and as a result, the pinion 27 The second pressurizer 12 provided with the meshing rack 26 reciprocates in the direction of arrow N2 in FIG. 5 (the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 6).

  As shown in FIG. 7, a vertical gear shaft 31 is rotatably supported at a position away from the output shaft 16, a second gear 32 is provided at the upper portion of the gear shaft 31, and a lower end portion of the gear shaft 31 is provided. The discs 33 are each coaxially mounted.

  The second gear 32 meshes with the first gear 17, and the rotating shaft 35 of the small disk 34 is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the disk 33.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the swing arm 36 swings between a one-dot chain line, a solid line, and a two-dot chain line in a horizontal plane around a vertical swing shaft 38 that is rotatably supported by a shaft support 39. Move.

  A long hole 37 is formed at a position from the middle of the swing arm 36 to a position slightly inside the tip, and a peripheral surface of the small disk 34 is slidably in contact with a side surface of the long hole 37.

  Therefore, when the motor 14 is driven and the output shaft 16 rotates, the rotational force of the motor 14 is transmitted to the small disk 34 at a predetermined gear ratio via the first gear 17 and the second gear 32, and the small disk 34. Moves while drawing a locus shown in FIG.

  As a result, the swing arm 36 swings about the swing shaft 38 as shown in FIG. 5, and the swing shaft 38 rotates forward / reversely.

  A relay gear 40 is coaxially mounted on the swing shaft 38, and the relay gear 40 and the pinion 27 mesh with each other.

  Therefore, the pinion 27 rotates forward / reversely at a predetermined ratio, and the second pressurizer 12 including the rack 26 meshing with the pinion 27 reciprocates in the direction of arrow N2 in FIG.

  In FIG. 6, the abutting plates 29 and 30 are attached to the end portions facing the container 1 among the second pressurizer 12 and the first pressurizer 11.

  The plates 29 and 30 are preferably made of an elastic material such as rubber and have an appropriate friction coefficient. If the contact portion of the first pressurizer 11 and the second pressurizer 12 with the container 1 is hard and mirror-finished, the container 1 may fall during the grinding operation. This is because such a fall can be prevented by using an elastic material.

  For example, in FIG. 5, it is desirable that the operating condition is that when the second pressurizer 12 reciprocates in the direction of arrow N2 three times, the first pressurizer 11 moves in the direction of arrow N1 once. However, this is only an example, and various changes may be made.

  The inventor conducted an experiment to compare the time required to sufficiently grind 10 samples, including the case of using the grinding apparatus shown in FIGS.

  As a result, Experimental Example A: using a mortar (23 minutes), Experimental Example B: manually holding the container 1 (9 minutes), Experimental Example C: grinding the container 1 with the grinding apparatus according to the first embodiment. It became a thing (2 minutes).

  Experimental example C was more than four times more efficient than experimental example B, and in experimental example B, there were variations depending on the individual who grudged, but in experimental example C there was no variation. .

  Needless to say, Experimental Example B is accompanied by considerable fatigue, but Experimental Example C has no fatigue and is suitable for continuous work.

  In the experimental example A, the efficiency is so low that it cannot be compared with the experimental example C, and the fatigue is great.

The results of conducting Experimental Example B and Experimental Example C for SDV are as follows.
------------------------------
Milling time Absorbance method (sec) 1/5 1/10 1/20 1/40
------------------------------
None 43 0.29 0.20 0.21 0.17
------------------------------
Hand massage 10 times 43 0.55 0.42 0.35 0.25
Hand massage 20 times 85 0.69 0.51 0.35 0.26
Hand massage 30 times 128 0.75 0.47 0.37 0.25
------------------------------
Device 3 round trips 5 0.57 0.36 0.31 0.25
Device 6 reciprocations 10 0.56 0.29 0.30 0.25
Device 9 round trips 15 0.63 0.31 0.38 0.32
Device 12 round trip 20 0.94 0.81 0.71 0.44
------------------------------
In the case of manual grinding, good detection sensitivity can be obtained after 20 to 30 times. However, in the case of using a grinding device, it is the same as the grinding work of 10 times (43 seconds) with only 3 reciprocations (5 seconds). A degree of detection result was obtained.

  When reciprocating 12 times using a grinding apparatus, a high detection result of 0.94 absorbance at 1/5 dilution was obtained.

As an experiment using a cotton swab,
Container: Container 1 having a groove inside, reference container not having a groove (commercial product: side surface is thinner than container 1)
Grinding method: An experiment was conducted in which extraction conditions based on absorbance measurement at 612 nm were compared by combining the conditions of hand massage and grinding device, attaching a fixed amount of paint (blue) to a cotton ball.

  59.8% (average value) for hand massage and container 1, 17.2% (average value) for hand massage and reference container, 69.1% (average value) for grinding apparatus and container 1, In the reference container, a result of 72.6% (average value) was obtained.

  As a result, the container 1 is preferable to the reference container as a container, but it has been found that by devising the grinding device, high extraction efficiency can be obtained not only in the container 1 but also in the reference container.

  Furthermore, although an experiment was also conducted on an example in which a nasal suction solution was attached to a cotton ball of a cotton swab, no matter which container was used, according to the grinding device, a dilution factor of about 2 to 4 times compared to manual massage. It was found that the detection sensitivity was obtained, and the grinding apparatus of the present invention greatly contributed to the improvement of the extraction efficiency and consequently the detection sensitivity.

(Embodiment 2)
In Embodiment 2, each process shown in FIG. 2 is implement | achieved by making the container 1 flow between belts.

  FIG. 8 is a plan view of the grinding apparatus in the second embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the first endless belt 41 and the second endless belt 44 are arranged on a long base 52 in line symmetry with the center line of the base 52 as the axis of symmetry. The pressurizer of this embodiment includes these belts 41 and 44.

  The first endless belt 41 is driven by the drive shafts 42 and 43 and moves in the directions of arrows M1 and M2.

  The second endless belt 44 is driven by the drive shafts 45 and 46 and moves in the directions of arrows M3 and M4. Here, in this embodiment, it is assumed that the first endless belt 41 and the second endless belt 44 move independently of each other.

  The container 1 is introduced from the left side of FIG. 8 as indicated by an arrow N4 and discharged to the left side of FIG. 8 as indicated by an arrow N5.

  The section through which the container 1 passes is divided into an introduction section L1, a compression section L2, a pressure release section L3, a compression section L4, a pressure release section L5, a compression section L6, and a discharge section L7.

  In the introduction section L1, the interval between the first endless belt 41 and the second endless belt 44 is narrowed, and the container 1 begins to be gradually compressed.

  In the compression sections L2, L4, and L6, the interval between the first endless belt 41 and the second endless belt 44 is narrow, and the first endless belt 41 is located behind the first endless belt 41 and the second endless belt 44. Further, hard plates 49, 50, 51 for pressing the second endless belt 44 against the container 1 side are provided.

  In the pressure release section L3 located between the compression section L2 and the compression section L4, and in the pressure release section L5 located between the compression section L4 and the compression section L6, the first endless belt 41 and the second endless belt 44 In these sections L3 and L5, as shown in FIGS. 2 (c) and 2 (e), the pressure is released.

  As a result, the unprocessed object 4 that has escaped from between the first endless belt 41 and the second endless belt 44 can also return between the first endless belt 41 and the second endless belt 44 again.

  Desirably, the first endless belt 41 is driven by the drive shafts 42 and 43, stops after moving in the direction of several centimeter arrows M1 and M2, and immediately after the stop, the second endless belt 44 moves to the drive shafts 45 and 46. The operation of stopping after moving in the direction of several centimeters arrows M3 and M4 is repeated.

  In this way, in the compression sections L2, L4, and L6, the container 1 is not only compressed by the first endless belt 41 and the second endless belt 44 that are boosted by the hard plates 49, 50, and 51, but also the first endless. As a result, the belt 41 and the second endless belt 44 are alternately dragged, and the object in the container 1 is well ground.

  Finally, in the discharge section L7, the interval between the first endless belt 41 and the second endless belt 44 is widened, the pressure on the container 1 is gradually released, and the container 1 is discharged in the direction of arrow N5.

  In addition, it cannot be overemphasized that the path | route of the 1st endless belt 41 shown in FIG. 8 and the 2nd endless belt 44 is only an illustration, and can be changed variously.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 9 is a plan view of a grinding apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  In the third embodiment, the plurality of first cylindrical rollers 61, the second cylindrical rollers 62, and the third cylindrical rollers 63 are provided on the base 60 so that the axial directions thereof are vertical.

  In the third embodiment, the first cylindrical roller 61 and the second cylindrical roller 62 rotate around a fixed axis, but the rotation axis of the third cylindrical roller 63 is a compression against the container 1 as indicated by an arrow N6. Move between position and pressure release position. That is, the pressurizer of this embodiment includes these rollers 61 to 63. In addition, since the moving means of the rotating shaft of the 3rd cylindrical roller 63 may be a well-known means, the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  When the third cylindrical roller 63 is in the compression position indicated by the solid line, the first cylindrical roller 61, the second cylindrical roller 62, and the third cylindrical roller 63 cause the movement of the third cylindrical roller 63 in FIG. 2 (b), FIG. 2 (d), FIG. As shown in (f), the object in the container 1 is ground.

  When the third cylindrical roller 63 is at the pressure release position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, the pressure applied to the container 1 is released as shown in FIGS. 2 (c) and 2 (e), and the first cylindrical roller 61, The object that has escaped from between the second cylindrical roller 62 and the third cylindrical roller 63 can return between the first cylindrical roller 61, the second cylindrical roller 62, and the third cylindrical roller 63.

  Although FIG. 9 shows an example using three cylindrical rollers, the number of rollers may be changed as appropriate.

  In FIG. 9, only the third cylindrical roller 63 moves along the rotation axis. However, for example, the first cylindrical roller 61 and the second cylindrical roller 62 may also move along the rotation axis.

(Embodiment 4)
10 (a) and 10 (b) are plan views of the attrition device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

  In the fourth embodiment, the plurality of first rotary rotors 71, second rotary rotors 72, and third rotary rotors 73 are provided on the base 70 so that the axial directions thereof are vertical. That is, the pressurizer of this embodiment includes these rotors 71 to 73.

  In the fourth embodiment, unlike the third embodiment, the rotation axes of the first rotary rotor 71, the second rotary rotor 72, and the third rotary rotor 73 are constant. Therefore, the moving means of the rotating shaft is not necessary, and the grinding device of this embodiment can be generally made lighter and more compact than that of the third embodiment.

  In the fourth embodiment, the first rotating rotor 71, the second rotating rotor 72, and the third rotating rotor 73 are composed of three-leaf rotors. Therefore, as shown in FIG. Further, the respective leading end portions of the second rotating rotor 72 and the third rotating rotor 73 can bite into the container 1 and press the container 1.

  At this time, as shown in FIGS. 2B, 2D, and 2F, the object in the container 1 is ground.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), the valley between the first rotating rotor 71, the second rotating rotor 72, and the third rotating rotor 73 faces the container 1 and the state where the pressurization to the container 1 is released is taken. sell.

  At this time, as shown in FIGS. 2 (c) and 2 (e), the pressurization to the container 1 is released, and between the leaves of the first rotating rotor 71, the second rotating rotor 72, and the third rotating rotor 73. The object that has escaped from the first rotation rotor 71, the second rotation rotor 72, and the third rotation rotor 73 can return between the leaves.

  Although FIG. 10 shows an example in which three three-leaf rotors are provided, the shape of the rotor, the number of leaves, and the number of rotors may be appropriately changed.

  Further, in FIG. 10, the first rotary rotors 71, 72, 73 rotate synchronously, but this can also be variously changed.

(Other)
In the third and fourth embodiments, the grinding device for processing one container 1 has been described. Since such a grinding device can be formed in a small size, it can be installed on the desk side of an examiner, a doctor, or a nurse, for example.

  The base 60 and the base 70 are formed in a columnar shape, and the base 60 and the base 70 are used to prevent an inspector's finger from inadvertently touching a rotating roller, a rotor, or the like. It is desirable to provide upper covers 74 and 76 as shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 11, a circular hole 75 coaxial with the circle through which the central axis between the rollers or the rotor passes is opened, and the container 1 is formed so as to be inserted vertically downward through the circular hole 75 as indicated by an arrow N7. Has been.

  In FIG. 12, a slit 77 is formed on the side of the upper cover 76, and the container 1 is formed so as to be inserted from the side into the central axis between the rollers or the rotor via the slit 77 as indicated by an arrow N <b> 8. 11 and 12, the examiner's finger or the like holding the container 1 can be protected, which is preferable in terms of safety.

(A) Process explanatory diagram of the grinding method in the comparative example (b) Process explanatory diagram of the grinding method in the comparative example (c) Process explanatory diagram of the grinding method in the comparative example (d) Process of the grinding method in the comparative example (E) Process explanatory diagram of the grinding method in the comparative example (f) Process explanatory diagram of the grinding method in the comparative example (A) Process explanatory diagram of grinding method in one embodiment of the present invention (b) Process explanatory diagram of grinding method in one embodiment of the present invention (c) Milling method in one embodiment of the present invention (D) Process explanatory diagram of grinding method in one embodiment of the present invention (e) Process explanatory diagram of grinding method in one embodiment of the present invention (f) One embodiment of the present invention (G) Process diagram of the grinding method in one embodiment of the present invention Plan view of grinding apparatus (pressure relaxation position) in Embodiment 1 of the present invention The top view of the grinding device (pressurization position) in Embodiment 1 of this invention Plan view of grinding apparatus in Embodiment 1 of the present invention 5A-A sectional view 5B-B sectional view The top view of the grinding apparatus in Embodiment 2 of this invention The top view of the grinding apparatus in Embodiment 3 of this invention (A) Plan view of grinding device (pressurization position) in Embodiment 4 of the present invention (b) Plan view of grinding device (pressurization relaxation position) in Embodiment 4 of the present invention A perspective view of the upper cover for the grinding apparatus of FIG. 8 or FIG. A perspective view of another top cover for the grinding apparatus of FIG. 8 or FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container 2 Flange 3 Head 4 Unprocessed object 5 Processed object 6, 7 Pressurizer 10, 52, 60, 70 Base 10a Installation space 10b Lid 11 First pressurizer 12 Second pressurizer 13 Gap 14 Motor 15 Fixation Plate 16 Output shaft 17 First gear 18 Tangential cam 19 Standing wall 20 Pull spring 21 Cam follower shaft 22 Cam follower 23 First stage 24 Slide base 25 Second stage 26 Rack 27 Pinion 28, 35 Rotating shaft 29, 30 This plate 31 Gear shaft 32 Second gear 33 Disk 34 Small disk 36 Swing arm 37 Long hole 38 Swing shaft 38 Shaft support 40 Relay gear 41 First endless belts 42, 43, 45, 46 Drive shaft 44 Second endless belt 47, 48 Wide portions 49, 50, 51 Rigid plate 61 First cylindrical roller 62 Second cylindrical roller 63 Third cylindrical roller 71 First rotary rotor 72 Second rotary rotor 3 the third rotating rotor 74, 76 the top cover 75 circular hole 77 slit

Claims (10)

A grinding method for automatically grinding a flexible container having a buffer and an object used for sample extraction,
A crushing step of crushing the object by pressurizing the container from the outside with a pressurizer;
The grinding method characterized by including the pressurization relaxation step which relieve | moderates the pressurization by the said pressurizer in the middle of the said grinding step. The grinding method according to claim 1, wherein in the pressurizing relaxation step, pressurization by the pressurizer is zero. The grinding method according to claim 1, wherein the object is all or part of a plant leaf. The grinding method according to claim 1, wherein the object is a cotton ball to which a wiping liquid is attached. The grinding method according to claim 1, wherein the object is all or a part of an animal tissue or organ. A grinding device that automatically grinds a flexible container having a buffer and an object used for sample extraction,
A pressurizer that pressurizes the container from the outside and grinds the object;
The said pressurizer eases a pressurization in the middle of grinding the said object, The grinding apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. The pressurizer includes a first pressurizer that slides in contact with the container;
A second controller that is located on the opposite side of the first pressurizer as viewed from the container and reciprocates between a pressurizing position for pressurizing the container from the outside and a pressurizing relaxation position for relaxing pressurization on the container. The grinding apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising an indenter. The pressurizer includes first and second endless belts in contact with the container,
The grinding device according to claim 6, wherein the moving section of the first and second endless belts includes a pressurizing section for pressurizing the container from the outside and a pressurizing relaxation section for relaxing pressurization to the container. The pressurizer includes a plurality of cylindrical rollers rotatably supported so as to be in contact with the container,
7. At least a part of the plurality of cylindrical rollers reciprocally moves between a pressure position where the container is pressed against the container to pressurize the container from the outside and a pressure relaxation position where pressure on the container is relieved. The grinding apparatus as described. The pressurizer includes a plurality of rotating rotors that are rotatably supported so as to be in contact with the container and each have a plurality of leaves.
Each leaf of the plurality of rotating rotors is configured to press and pressurize the container from the outside by being pressed against the container by the rotation of the plurality of rotating rotors, and pressurizing to relieve the pressure on the container The attrition device according to claim 6, which reciprocates between the relaxation position.

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