JP2009201582A - Blood filtration apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a blood filtration apparatus capable of efficiently and accurately executing the preceding stage (preparation) of blood filtration, filtering work (operation) and work after filtration (recovery of blood and preparation of segments), etc. <P>SOLUTION: The blood filtration apparatus (1) comprises a pedestal (2) and a lift (3) equipped at the upper part of the pedestal (2). The lift (3) comprises a column (3.1) and a hanger (3.2), and a blood cooling means (4) and a temperature measuring means (5) are disposed at the part of either one of the column (3.1) and hanger (3.2) of the lift (3). A filter holder (7) and a blood flow path blocking means (8) are disposed in the middle of a pedestal wall part (2.1), and a weight measuring means (2.4) is arranged at a pedestal bottom part (2.2). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood filtration device for removing white blood cells from collected blood after blood collection performed at a blood center of the Japanese Red Cross Society.

  Recently, in order to reduce the side effects after blood transfusion given to patients receiving blood transfusions from blood transfusions derived from whole blood donation, white blood cells are removed before separating the collected blood into each product. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, a blood bag B in which a leukocyte removal filter F (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “filter”) is arranged in the middle of the parent bag B1 and the child bag B2 is used. .

In such a blood bag B, for example, as in the inventions of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, if the parent bag B1 is sandwiched between pressing plates and forcibly applied with external pressure to perform filtration, sufficient leukocyte removal performance is obtained. This is not possible, and excessive damage is applied to the filter F, so that the filter F may be damaged.
For this reason, filtration by the natural fall method using the action of gravity is preferred so that the filter F is not overly negative.
However, mere natural fall, as will be described later, has to depend on the operator's own personal work, which is an excessive burden on the worker. For this reason, there is a concern that human error will be caused.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the blood bag B includes a blood collection needle 21 and an initial blood removal bag 22 for removing blood that flows out first when the blood collection needle 21 is punctured into a vein of a blood donor (donor). Is connected to the parent bag B1 storing the blood by a tube T1 through a connecting pipe 23. Further, the parent bag B1 and the child bag B2 are connected by a tube T via a filter F on the way. The child bag B2, the child bag B3, and the child bag B4 are connected to each other through tubes T3 and T4 via a connecting pipe 24. Since the blood collection needle 21 and the first blood removal bag 22 are cut by sealing the tube T1 at a position of about 10 cm from the parent bag B1 after blood collection from the donor is completed, they are attached when performing the filtration operation. Absent.

As shown in FIG. 7, the blood filtration table 31 used in the natural fall method includes a plate-like pedestal 32 for placing the child bag B2 (the child bag B3 and the child bag B4 are stacked below), Although it is comprised from the support | pillar 33 supported on both sides of the base 32, and the beam 34 which passes the upper part of the support | pillar 33, the hanger 35 hung through the suspension hole B1.1 of parent bag B1 changes with the length of the beam 34, 10 to 20 pieces are arranged face-to-face (the height of the beam 34 may be moved up and down by air drive).
The height required for blood filtration in the natural fall method differs depending on the leukocyte removal filter F used, but is generally 140 cm. The parent bag B1 containing blood is set so that the suspension hole B1.1 is suspended through the hanger 35 so that the mouth of the tube T faces downward, and the tube T is suspended. Although there is an upper and lower difference depending on the leukocyte removal filter F to be used, the filter F is arranged at a substantially middle position of the tube T, and further connected to the child bag B2 through the tube T. Including the length of the parent bag B1 in the vertical direction, the height from the hanger 35 to the base 32 is at least 160 cm. Further, a caster 36 is attached to the lower portion of the pedestal 32 so that the filtration table 31 can move, and the height of the pedestal 32 is about 20 cm from the floor.
Therefore, when the blood bag B is set on the filtration table 31, the positional relationship from the floor is 180 cm for the parent bag B1, 100 cm for the filter F, and 20 cm for the child bag B2.

The blood filtration table 31 is used by being installed on the floor of the work room, but has the following problems.
(1) The burden of attaching and removing the blood bag B For example, since the hanger 35 is at a position of 180 cm, when setting the parent bag B1 on the hanger 35, the arm must be raised to a position higher than the shoulder of the operator. . And since the pedestal 32 on which the child bag B2 is placed is located at the lower part, when removing the blood bag B, the parent bag B1 at a height of 180 cm is removed from the hanger and the child bag B2 at a height of 20 cm ( The same applies to the child bag B3 and child bag B4). Since an operation with a drop of 160 cm in one operation is performed with a plurality of blood bags B, the burden on the operator is large.
Moreover, when processing a lot of blood bags B at a time, a plurality of filtration tables 31 are used. It is necessary to consider the arrangement of the filter table 31 so that a sufficient working space is ensured so that an error such as the operator contacting the blood bag B being filtered and dropping the blood bag B does not occur. The blood center has a limited working space, and it is difficult to secure the space for arranging the filtration table 31 and creating a segment.
(2) Start of filtration In order to start filtration, the communication piece 25 in the mouth part connecting the parent bag B1 and the tube T is folded to ensure blood flow. The height of the communication piece 25 from the floor is 160 cm, and most of the workers have to work with their arms raised above their shoulders.
Further, if the parent bag B1 is not supported by one hand, it is difficult to fold the communication piece 25 with one hand, so the work is inevitably performed using both hands.

(3) Determination of completion of filtration The completion of filtration is determined to determine that the filtration is completed when the surface of the filter F (the surface on which blood is collected before filtration) is empty. This is confirmed by the operator's visual observation, but since the time for filtering each blood with the filter F varies, the operator may confirm the blood a plurality of times. Moreover, since the thing with a long filtration time (1 hour or more) becomes NG (failed), the measurement of the filtration time is also necessary, but since it is not performed at present, the temporal judgment is also made ambiguous.
(4) Creation of segment (for blood test) Remove the blood bag B from the filter table 31 and carry it to the place where the stationary sealer is located, and seal the tube T between the filter F and the child bag B2 at intervals of 7 cm. Create segments. At present, the clamp 26 located about 5 cm below the filter F is closed, the tube T is closed, and the tube is then transported to a place where there is a stationary sealer, where a segment is created.
There is not enough work space for creating a segment in the filter table 31, and the height from the floor from the filter F to the child bag B2 is 100 cm to 20 cm, and the operator must bend and work. Since workability is poor, another work space must be secured for creating a segment. As described above, the work space is limited in the blood center, and it is difficult to arrange the filter table 31 and secure a space for creating a segment.
(5) Use of roller pliers When the filtration time is long in the blood that is filtered on the day of blood collection, the blood in the tube T between the filter F and the child bag B2 separates the components in the segment and the child bag B2. In order to prevent the occurrence of wrinkles in the components of the blood, the blood in the tube T is temporarily pushed into the child bag B2 using roller pliers before the segment is formed, and the blood in the child bag B2 is stirred. The operation of returning the tube T again is performed. In the case of blood collected on the previous day and filtered, the same phenomenon as described above is likely to occur, so all operations are performed.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2003-130865 (Claims, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent No. 3167478 (Claims, FIG. 1, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. H06-225934)

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is that, when the external pressure is forcibly applied with the blood bag sandwiched between the pressing plates, the leukocyte removal filter is excessively charged and the filter may be damaged. In addition, filtration by natural fall is an excessive burden on the operator as described above, and there is a concern that an artificial error may be caused by these.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present inventors reduce the burden by automating the work of removing leukocytes, which has been an excessive burden on the worker, and improve the work efficiency. As a result of intensive studies aimed at reducing the work space, the following invention has been achieved.
[1] The present invention includes a pedestal (2) and a lift (3) installed on top of the pedestal (2).
The lift (3) is composed of a column (3.1) and a hanger (3.2),
A blood cooling means (4) and a temperature measuring means (5) are disposed at any position of the support (3.1) or the hanger (3.2) of the lift (3),
In the middle of the pedestal wall (2.1), a filter holder (7) and a blood flow path blocking means (8) are arranged,
A blood filtration device (1) is provided in which weight measuring means (2.4) is arranged on the pedestal bottom (2.2).
[2] The present invention provides the blood filtration device (1) according to [1], wherein the blood cooling means (4) is a Peltier element.
[3] The present invention provides the blood filtration device (1) according to [1] or [2], wherein a blood sensor (7.1) is disposed in the filter holder (7).
[4] In the present invention, the blood flow path closing means (8) includes a roller (8.2), a sealer (8.3), and a bubble sensor (8.4). A blood filtration device (1) according to claim 1 is provided.
[5] The present invention provides any one of [1] to [4], wherein RFID reading / writing means (2.3 (3.3)) is mounted on the pedestal (2) and the lift (3), respectively. A blood filtration device (1) according to item 1 is provided.
[6] The present invention provides the blood filtration device (1) according to any one of [1] to [5], in which alarm means (9) is arranged.
[7] The present invention provides the control means (10), and can manage and control blood temperature, filtration state, etc. from before the start of blood filtration to after completion of blood filtration. A blood filtration device (1) according to any one of the above is provided.
[8] In the present invention, the control means (10) includes the operation means (10.1), the setting means (10.2), the display means (10.3), the storage means (10.4), the power supply unit ( 10.5) is provided. The blood filtration device (1) according to any one of [1] to [7] is provided.

  The blood filtration device according to the present invention provides a filtration operation (operation) (for example, measurement of blood temperature) from a pre-stage (preliminary preparation) of blood filtration (for example, confirmation of blood bag B receiving input operation, serial number, weight, and temperature).・ Control, filtration time measurement, filtration state monitoring, abnormality notification, end notification, data recording), post-filtration work (blood collection, segment creation), etc. can be performed efficiently and accurately. it can.

[Blood filtration device 1]
1 is an overall view (external view) of the blood filtration device 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the blood filtration device 1 of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged front view of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of the swinging means.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the blood filtration device 1 has a plurality of blood bags B (a parent bag B1 and a child bag B2 are connected via a tube T, and a filter F is mounted in the middle of the tube T. ) Can be easily attached and blood filtration (separation of blood components) can be performed.
RFID (RFID.B1 and RFID.B2) are attached to the parent bag B1 and the child bag B2 of the blood bag B, respectively.
“RFID” is an abbreviation of “Radio Frequency Identification” and means a tag in which ID information is embedded.
These “RFIDs” are numbers that can specify the production date and lot of blood bag B [parent bag B1, child bag B2 (red blood cells), child bag B3 (plasma), child bag B4 (MAP)), and The ID of only one blood bag that is arbitrarily assigned is recorded in advance, and every time work is performed, the date and time of blood collection, the ID of the blood collection device, the ID of the blood collection operator, the reception date and time of the preparation process, the date and time of filtration work Information such as filtration time and worker ID can be added and input at any time. In addition to the method of recording at any time, only the ID that can identify the blood bag is entered at the time of manufacture, and a device for reading the ID of the blood bag is provided when performing each operation. It can also be used in a method that can check the working status of the blood bag on a server to be managed.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the blood filtration device 1 of the present invention includes a pedestal 2 and a lift 3 installed on the upper portion of the pedestal 2.
The lift 3 includes a support column 3.1 that rises substantially vertically from the pedestal 2, and a hanger 3.2 (of the blood bag B) that is disposed substantially in front (direction) from the support column 3.1.
The hanger 3.2 is provided with an opening means 3.6 for mechanically opening the communication piece 26 at the mouth of the parent bag B1. A solenoid can be used as the mechanism of the opening means 3.6.
Although the details are not shown, the lift 3 automatically expands and contracts from the base 2 up and down. An electric cylinder, an air cylinder, or the like can be used as a mechanism that automatically expands and contracts. The control unit 10 can also adjust the height of the lift 3 and the moving speed.
The lift 3 is lowered when the parent bag B1 is set in the blood filtration device 1, and the hanger 3.2 stops at substantially the same position as the alarm unit 9 located on the upper surface of the base 2. When the parent bag B1 is set and the filtration operation is started, the lift 3 rises and stops at a position suitable for filtration (can be arbitrarily set by the control unit 10). Further, when the filtration is finished and the parent bag B1 is removed, the lift 3 is lowered, and it is possible to enter a standby state at the lowered position until the next parent bag B1 is set.
The blood filtration device 1 also includes the respective RFIDs attached to the parent bag B1 and the child bag B2 of the blood bag B. RFID reading / writing means for reading and writing B1 (B2) is provided.
In the example of FIG. 1, RFID reading / writing means 3.3 (2.3) are mounted on the hanger 3.2 of the lift 3 and the lower part of the wall portion 2.1 of the base 2, respectively.

[Cooling means 4]
A blood cooling means 4 is mounted on the back surface of the parent bag B1.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the cooling unit 4 is formed in a plate shape and is attached to the lower part of the hanger 3.2. The cooling means 4 serves to cool the blood in the parent bag B1 by absorbing the heat of the parent bag B1.
A “Peltier element” is used as the cooling means 4 of the present invention. A “Peltier element” is a plate-like semiconductor element that uses the Peltier effect, in which heat is transferred from one metal to the other when a current is passed through the junction of two types of metal. When applied, one surface absorbs heat (an endothermic surface) and the opposite surface generates heat (a heat generating surface). Since it is small and does not generate noise and vibration, it is generally used as a CPU cooling means for computers and a cooling means for medical equipment.

[Temperature measuring means 5]
The temperature measuring means 5 is disposed on the back surface of the parent bag B1. As the temperature measuring means 5, a contact type temperature sensor such as a thermocouple, a platinum resistance temperature detector, a thermistor, a non-contact type infrared radiation thermometer, or the like can be used.
The arrangement positions of the blood cooling means 4 and the temperature measuring means 5 are not limited to those described above. If the temperature of the blood bag B (parent bag B1) can be measured, any position of the support column 3.1 or the hanger 3.2 is provided. Alternatively, it may be arranged.
The temperature measuring means 5 confirms whether or not the blood temperature in the parent bag B1 is a temperature suitable for filtration (can be arbitrarily set by the control unit 10) at the time when filtration is started. When the filtration operation is started but the temperature is not suitable (for example, when 25 ° C. is set as a suitable temperature and the measured temperature is 30 ° C.), the cooling means 4 is operated to operate the parent bag. Filtration can also be started after absorbing heat from B1 and cooling the blood to a set temperature.

[Filter holder 7]
In the middle of the pedestal wall 2.1, the filter holder 7 and the blood flow path closing means 8 are arranged.
A blood sensor 7.1 (having a light emitting part and a light receiving part) is attached (built in) to the filter holder 7 as illustrated in FIG. By irradiating the filter with infrared rays as the blood sensor 7.1 and observing the reflected light, it is possible to confirm whether blood in the filter remains. In addition, an ultrasonic regression sensor using the Doppler effect of ultrasonic waves can be used as a blood sensor.

[Blood flow path blocking means 8 (automatic roller / automatic sealer unit)]
The blood flow path closing means 8 (also referred to as “automatic roller / automatic sealer unit”) is covered with a cover 8.1 having a notch through which the tube T passes as illustrated in FIG. A pair of rollers 8.2 for feeding the blood in the tube to the child bag 1 and a pair of sealers 8.3 for sealing the tube T are disposed. Further, a tube cutter 8.5 is disposed in the electrode of the sealer 8.3, and the tube T after the sealing process can be cut.
Furthermore, a bubble sensor 8.4 is arranged under the sealer 8.3.
For example, the roller 8.2 is arranged in a state where the tube T is sandwiched between two cylindrical rods, and the tube T is closed or opened by operating in a direction in which one of the two approaches or moves away from the other. Can do. (It plays the same role as the open / close clamp) By rotating the other cylinder with the tube T closed. The blood in the tube T can be pushed into the child bag B2. A solenoid or an air cylinder is used as a mechanism of one roller 8.2. A motor is used as the mechanism of the rotating roller 8.2.
The roller 8.2 is arranged on the sealer 8.3 and the occlusion of the roller 8.2 doubles as a clamp.

The bubble sensor 8.4 is configured such that when the blood temporarily delivered to the child bag B2 by the roller 8.2 is released from the blockage by the roller 8.2 and returns to the inside of the tube T, the bubble is transferred from the child bag B2 to the tube T. It is a sensor for observing entering. As the bubble sensor 8.4, a transmission type infrared sensor or an ultrasonic regression sensor can be used.
The automatic roller / automatic sealer unit 8 can move up and down on the base wall part 2.1 of the apparatus 1. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, an electric cylinder 8.6 is used, and the electric cylinder 8.6 includes a roller 8.2, a roller mechanism unit 8.21, a sealer 8.3, a sealer mechanism unit 8.31, a bubble sensor. 8.4 The cover 8.1 is fixed, and the electric cylinder 8.6 can move up and down on the rail 8.7 arranged in the base wall part 2.1.
In conjunction with the rotation of the roller 8.2 in the closed state, the electric cylinder 8.6 descends and the tube T is moved from the bottom of the filter F to the mouth of the child bag B2, and the blood in the tube T is moved to the child bag B2. Can be sent in.
Moreover, after the blood in the tube T is sent out to the mouth of the child bag B2 by the roller 8.2, the rotation of the roller 8.2 is stopped, and when it is opened, the inner pressure of the tube T becomes a negative pressure. The blood in B2 returns into the tube T. At this time, it is confirmed by the bubble sensor 8.4 whether or not there are bubbles in the returning blood. If there are no bubbles, then the electric cylinder 8.6 is raised while being temporarily stopped at a certain interval, and when the air is temporarily stopped, the tube T is sealed. The number of seal processing (for example, 7 locations) and the segment interval (for example, 7 cm) can be set. Furthermore, the tube cutter 8.5 can be actuated to cut the tube T after the sealing process is performed at the place where the sealing process is finally performed. If air bubbles are present, an alarm can be issued from the alarm means 9 via the control unit 10, or the automatic roller / automatic sealer unit 8 is raised again, and the operation of closing the roller 8.2 and sending blood is started again. You can also.

In addition, weight measuring means 2.4 (for example, a load cell) is arranged on the pedestal bottom 2.2 so that the weight of the filtered blood can be measured.
Further, a swinging means 2.5 is arranged to mix the blood sent to the child bag B2 by the automatic roller / automatic sealer unit 8 with the blood in the child bag B2. The swinging means 2.5 performs a motion of swinging the child bag B2 like a seesaw as illustrated in FIG.
The swinging means 2.5 opens the roller 8.2 and returns the blood into the tube T. When the roller 8.2 is opened so that bubbles do not enter the tube T, the child bag B2 is opened. It stops in the state where the mouth part connected to the tube T comes down, and also serves to prevent bubbles from accumulating near the mouth part.
An electric motor is used as power for the swinging means 2.5. The swinging means 2.5 is arranged on the weight measuring means 2.4.

[Alarm means 9]
An alarm means 9 can be arranged. For example, a signal lamp or a buzzer is used as the alarm means 9. In the illustration of FIG. 1, the alarm means 9 is arranged on the upper part of the pedestal wall portion 2.1, but may be anywhere as long as it is easy for the operator to detect.
[Control means 10]
The blood filtration device 1 can be provided with the control means 10 to manage and control the blood temperature, filtration state, etc. from the start to the end of blood filtration.
As illustrated in the block diagram of FIG. 2, the control means 10 is a control box in which switches are disposed as the operation means 10.1 and the setting means 10.2. The control box includes a display means 10 such as a liquid crystal screen. .3 are provided. Further, for example, a DRAM or a flash ROM is provided as the storage means 10.4, and the setting conditions can be stored. For example, a transformer is used as the power supply unit 10.5 to supply power to each of the above units. In addition, a timer unit 10.6 is provided so that the working time can be recorded. As a result, blood components can be filtered efficiently and accurately as described below.

[Description of Operating Method of Blood Filtration Apparatus 1]
Next, an example of a method of using the blood filtration device 1 of the present invention will be described in comparison with a comparative example [conventional natural fall type blood filtration device (filter stand)].

Overall view (appearance) of the blood filtration device of the present invention Block diagram of the blood filtration device of the present invention Partially enlarged front view of FIG. Partially enlarged vertical sectional view of FIG. Schematic showing an example of swing means Schematic diagram of blood bag B Conventional blood filtration table

Explanation of symbols

1 Blood Filter 2 Pedestal 2.1 (Pedestal) Wall 2.2 (Pedestal) Bottom 2.3 (Pedestal) RFID Reading / Writing Means 2.4 (Pedestal) Weight Measuring Means 2.5 (Pedestal) Swing Means 2.6 Opening means 3 (of closing means) Lift 3.1 (Lift) column 3.2 (Lift) Hanger 3.3 (Lift) RFID reading / writing means 3.6 Opening means 4 (of closing means) Cooling means (Peltier element)
5 Temperature measurement means (non-contact temperature sensor)
7 Filter holder 7.1 Blood sensor 8 Blood flow path blocking means (automatic roller / automatic sealer unit)
8.1 Cover 8.2 Roller 8.21 Roller mechanism 8.3 Sealer 8.31 Sealer mechanism 8.4 Air bubble sensor 8.5 Tube cutter 8.6 Electric cylinder 8.7 Rail 9 Alarm means 10 Control means 10.1 Operating means 10.2 Setting means 10.3 Display means 10.4 Storage means 10.5 Power supply 10.6 Timer B Blood bag B1 Parent bag RFID. B1 (parent bag) RFID
B2 Child bag RFID. B2 (child bag) RFID
F (blood component separation) filter T tube

Claims (8)

Consists of a pedestal (2) and a lift (3) installed on top of the pedestal (2),
The lift (3) is composed of a column (3.1) and a hanger (3.2),
A blood cooling means (4) and a temperature measuring means (5) are disposed at any position of the support (3.1) or the hanger (3.2) of the lift (3),
In the middle of the pedestal wall (2.1), a filter holder (7) and a blood flow path blocking means (8) are arranged,
A blood filtration device (1), wherein weight measuring means (2.4) is arranged on the pedestal bottom (2.2).   The blood filtering device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the blood cooling means (4) is a Peltier element.   The blood filtration device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a blood sensor (7.1) is arranged in the filter holder (7).   The said blood flow-path obstruction | occlusion means (8) has a roller (8.2), a sealer (8.3), and a bubble sensor (8.4), The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The blood filtration device (1) described in 1.   An RFID reading / writing means (2.3 (3.3)) is attached to the pedestal (2) and the lift (3), respectively, according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The blood filtration device (1) described.   The blood filtration device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an alarm means (9) is arranged.   The blood according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a control means (10) is provided to manage and control blood temperature, filtration state, etc. before and after the start of blood filtration. Filtration device (1).   The control means (10) includes an operation means (10.1), a setting means (10.2), a display means (10.3), a storage means (10.4), and a power supply unit (10.5). The blood filtration device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by:

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