JP2009196838A - Apparatus for producing dry ice - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus having a compact structure for producing dry ice, which can produce block-shaped dry ice of uniform size in large quantities. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus has a rotating table 2 which is provided with a feed, molding, and discharging stations each positioned at a predetermined angle and is intermittently rotated. A mold 9 is detachably provided to the rotating table 2. The mold 9 has a pellet-shaped dry ice input port and a block-shaped dry ice outlet port. A fixed table 1 is provided below the rotating table 2. The fixed table 1 plugs the outlet port in a rotation position from the feed station to the discharge station. The fixed table 1 has an opening leading to the outlet port. A pellet-shaped dry ice feeder is provided in the feed station. A pressurizing cylinder apparatus 17 is provided in the molding station. An extrusion apparatus 18 is provided in the discharge station. A control unit controls the pellet-shaped dry ice feeder, the pressurizing cylinder apparatus 17, the extrusion apparatus 18, and the rotating table 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a dry ice manufacturing apparatus capable of manufacturing a large amount of block-shaped dry ice having a uniform size.

  Conventionally, as a dry ice production device, there is a dry ice production device that fills a container as a molding die with snow-like dry ice and compresses the snow-like dry ice with a pressure cylinder device to form a block-like dry ice. It is known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  By the way, the demand for the size of block-shaped dry ice varies depending on the customer. Conventionally, in order to meet this demand, this type of dry ice production apparatus forms one large block-shaped dry ice and produces block-shaped dry ice of the size requested by the customer by means of cutting such as a saw. ing.

  However, when cutting block-shaped dry ice, there is a problem that dry ice melts, and there is a problem that it is difficult to manufacture block-shaped dry ice having a uniform size. Therefore, a dry ice manufacturing apparatus capable of individually manufacturing block-shaped dry ice having a size desired by a customer has been proposed (Patent Document 2).

In this dry ice manufacturing apparatus, block-shaped dry ice having a size desired by the customer can be manufactured by one reciprocation of the forming rod.
JP-A-10-236814 US6,244,069B1

  However, the dry ice production apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 cannot simultaneously compress and compress pelletized dry ice and discharge block-shaped dry ice during the measurement and filling of pelletized dry ice. The production efficiency is remarkably lowered and it is not suitable for mass production.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a dry ice manufacturing apparatus having a compact configuration capable of manufacturing a large amount of block-shaped dry ice having a uniform size.

  The dry ice production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a supply station, a molding station, and a discharge station are provided at predetermined angles and are driven to rotate intermittently, and the rotary table is provided at each station of the rotary table. And a molding die having a cavity having an inlet for pelletized dry ice at the top and an outlet for discharging block-shaped dry ice at the bottom, and a lower side of the rotary table. And a fixed table that has an opening that closes the discharge port between rotation positions from the supply station to the discharge station and communicates with the discharge port at the discharge station, and a molding die positioned at the supply station Pellet dry ice is supplied to the cavity of the pellet A pressing plate that faces the cavity of the molding die located at the molding station and pressurizes and compresses the dry ice pellets in the molding die cavity is detachably provided to the molding rod. An extruding device having an extruding rod facing from above the mold cavity located at the discharge station, the pelletized dry ice supply device, the pressurizing device, the extruding device, and the rotary table, And a control unit for controlling.

  The dry ice manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a positioning opening that faces the fixed table and positions the molding die is formed at each station of the rotary table, and the molding die is connected to the positioning opening. It has a fitting part and an attaching part attached to each station of the turntable.

  The dry ice production apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the control unit causes the pelletized dry ice supply device to start measurement based on the rotation start of the rotary table, and based on the rotation stop of the rotating body. The molding rod of the pressurization device and the extrusion rod of the extrusion device are lowered, and the dry pelletized ice is put into the cavity of the molding die located at the supply station, and the completion of the raising of the molding rod and the extrusion are performed. The rotary table is rotated toward the next station on the basis of completion of raising of the rod and completion of the pelletized dry ice to the molding die.

  The dry ice production apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a take-out device is provided at the discharge station so as to face the opening of the fixed table from below, and the take-out device waits at an ascending position and as the push rod descends. A receiving base that descends while receiving the block-shaped dry ice while being sandwiched from above and below, a hydraulic cylinder device that biases the receiving base in the upward direction, and the hydraulic cylinder that accompanies the downward movement of the push rod And a hydraulic circuit that accumulates an increase in the hydraulic pressure of the apparatus and returns the cradle to the elevated position based on the accumulated hydraulic pressure.

  The dry ice manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a transfer device that transfers the block-shaped dry ice in a horizontal direction, and the control unit moves the block-shaped dry ice in a horizontal direction at a lowered position of the cradle. The transfer device is controlled to transfer.

  The dry ice manufacturing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a gap for degassing accompanying vaporization of carbon dioxide constituting the block-shaped dry ice is formed between the fixed table and the rotary table. Features.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, the measurement and filling of the pelletized dry ice into the molding die for the block-shaped dry ice, the molding of the block-shaped dry ice, and the discharge of the block-shaped dry ice are performed substantially simultaneously. Therefore, the production time per block dry ice can be shortened without increasing the size of the dry ice production apparatus.

  As a result, it is possible to improve the mass production efficiency of homogeneous block-shaped dry ice of the size requested by the customer.

  If the customer wants a block-shaped dry ice of a different size, a mold that is fixed to the rotary table and a cavity that can mold the block-shaped dry ice of the size requested by the customer are used. By replacing the pressure plate fixed to the molding rod with a pressure plate corresponding to this molding die, the block-shaped dry ice of the desired size desired by the customer is exchanged. Therefore, it is possible to flexibly respond to customer requests without significantly increasing the manufacturing cost.

  Furthermore, in the conventional dry ice production device, when cutting the block-shaped dry ice, the dry ice melts and the carbon dioxide constituting the block-shaped dry ice is vaporized and discharged into the atmosphere as a greenhouse effect gas. In addition, although there was an unfavorable aspect, according to the present invention, it is possible to manufacture the block-shaped dry ice having a size desired by the customer without molding, so that the amount of greenhouse gas generated can be suppressed.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, since the positioning opening that faces the fixed table and positions the molding die is formed at the position of each station of the rotary table, and the molding die is fixed to the positioning opening, The molding die can be easily positioned, and the effect of being able to stably receive the pressing force of the pressure press is achieved.

  According to invention of Claim 3, based on the rotation start of a rotary table, a pellet-shaped dry ice supply apparatus starts a measurement start, and based on the rotation stop of a rotary table, the shaping | molding rod and extrusion apparatus of a pressurization apparatus The extrusion rod is lowered, and the measured pelletized dry ice is put into the molding die cavity located at the supply station, and the molding rod is finished rising, the extrusion rod is raised, and the pelletized dry ice molding die. Since the control unit controls to rotate the rotary table toward the next station based on the completion of the input to the station, a series of controls can be automatically performed.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the take-out device is provided with the take-out device so as to face the discharge port of the molding die from below, and the take-out device waits at the raised position and the block-shaped dry ice as the push rod descends. The hydraulic cylinder device that moves downward while holding the cylinder and pinching it from the top and bottom, the hydraulic cylinder device that urges the receiving table in the upward direction, and the hydraulic oil pressure increase of the hydraulic cylinder device that accompanies the downward movement of the push rod In addition, since the hydraulic circuit for returning the cradle to the raised position based on the accumulated hydraulic pressure is provided, the molded block-shaped dry ice can be discharged without being damaged.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the transfer device for transferring the block-shaped dry ice in the horizontal direction is provided, and the block-shaped dry ice is transferred in the horizontal direction. Blocked dry ice can be discharged without damage.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, since the gap for degassing accompanying the vaporization of carbon dioxide constituting the block-shaped dry ice is formed between the fixed body and the rotating body, the pressure during molding Along with the rise, carbon dioxide gas existing inside the mold can be discharged appropriately from below the discharge port, and high pressure carbon dioxide gas can be prevented from accumulating on the block dry ice. Destruction can be prevented.

  Embodiments of a dry ice production apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a block-shaped dry ice manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a fixed table and 2 is a rotary table. The rotary table 2 is intermittently driven to rotate by a hydraulic drive motor 3, and 4 is a rotary shaft of the rotary table. The fixed table 1 is provided with a ball bearing 1a that rotatably supports the upper end portion of the rotary shaft 4.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the turntable 2 is provided with a supply station 5, a forming station 6, and a discharge station 7 every predetermined angle, here, every 120 degrees.

  As shown in FIG. 3, rectangular positioning openings 8 communicating with the fixed table 1 are formed in the stations 5 to 7 of the rotary table 2. A block-shaped dry ice molding die 9 is detachably positioned and fixed in the positioning opening 8.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the molding die 9 has a fitting portion 11 fitted into the positioning opening 8, a pair of attachment portions 12, and a pair of cavities 10. The upper part of the pair of cavities 10 is a pellet-shaped dry ice inlet 10a, and the lower part of the pair of cavities 10 is a block-shaped dry ice outlet 10b.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a suitable number of bolt insertion holes 13 are formed in the pair of attachment portions 12, and screw holes 14 are formed in the rotary table 2 at locations corresponding to the bolt insertion holes 13. 9 is fastened and fixed to the rotary table 2 by bolts 15.

  The supply station 5 is provided with a pelletized dry ice supply device 16 for supplying pelletized dry ice to the cavity 10 of the molding die 9 located at the supply station 5. The molding station 6 is provided with a pressure cylinder device 17. The discharge station 6 is provided with an extrusion device 18.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the pellet-shaped dry ice supply device 16 includes a storage tank 19, a supercooling device 20, a dry ice pellet manufacturing machine 21, a reliquefaction device 22, a stock feeder 23, an electronic weighing machine 24, and a lifter 25. The hopper 26 is configured. A pair of electronic weighing machine 24, stock feeder 23, and hopper 26 are provided corresponding to each cavity 10.

  The storage tank 19 stores liquefied carbon dioxide having a temperature of about −20 degrees C. The liquefied carbon dioxide is fed from the storage tank 19 to the supercooling device 20 via a conduit, and after being supercooled by the supercooling device 20, the dry ice pellet making machine 21 makes a number of pieces shown in FIG. Solid pelletized dry ice 27 is produced. The carbon dioxide gas vaporized during the production of the dry ice pellet production machine 21 is recovered, liquefied again by the reliquefaction device 22, and circulated to the storage tank 19.

  The pressurizing cylinder device 17 has a cylinder device body 28 as shown in FIG. The cylinder device body 28 is fixedly supported by a frame 29. The cylinder device main body 28 has a forming rod 30 that can be put in and out. A mounting plate 31 is provided below the forming rod 30. A pressure plate 32 is detachably fixed to the mounting plate 31.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the pressure plate 32 has a mounted plate 33 that is attached to the mounting plate 31. A pair of pressure blocks 34 are fixed to the attached plate 33 via bolts 35. Each of the pair of pressure blocks 34 corresponds to the shape of the cavity 10. The mounted plate 33 having the pressure block 34 is fixed to the mounting plate 31 through bolts 36. The pressure block 34 faces the cavity of the molding die 9 located at the molding station 6 and plays a role of compressing and compressing the pellet-shaped dry ice in the cavity 10 of the molding die 9.

  The extrusion device 18 has a cylinder device body 37 as shown in FIG. The cylinder device body 37 is fixedly supported by a frame 38. The cylinder device main body 37 has a push-out rod 39 that can be put in and out. A mounting plate 40 is provided below the push rod 39. An extrusion plate 41 is detachably fixed to the mounting plate 40.

  The extrusion plate 41 includes an attachment plate 42 attached to the attachment plate 40 and a pair of extrusion blocks 43. The pair of pushing blocks 43 are fixed to the mounting plate 42 via bolts 44. The pair of extrusion blocks 43 are preferably configured to have a shape corresponding to the shape of the cavity 10. The mounted plate 42 is fixed to the mounting plate 40 via bolts (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fixed table 1 is provided below the rotary table 2, and a gap H (see FIG. 8) of about 0.5 mm is provided between the fixed table 1 and the rotary table 2. Yes. The fixed table 1 has a closing portion 45 that closes the discharge port 10b between rotation positions from the supply station 5 to the discharge station 7, and an opening 46 that communicates with the discharge port 10b in the discharge station 7. The gap H fulfills the function of degassing accompanying the vaporization of carbon dioxide constituting the block-shaped dry ice.

  The discharge station 7 is provided with a take-out device 47 that faces the discharge port 10b of the molding die 10 from below. As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 8, the take-out device 47 waits in the raised position and receives the block-shaped dry ice 48 as the push-out rod 39 descends, and also descends while holding it in the vertical direction. The hydraulic cylinder device 50 that urges the base 49 and the receiving base 49 in the upward direction, and the hydraulic oil amount of the hydraulic cylinder device 50 that accompanies the downward movement of the push-out rod 39 is accumulated and based on the accumulated hydraulic pressure. And a hydraulic circuit 51 for returning the cradle 49 to the raised position. The hydraulic circuit 51 includes an accumulator 52 as a hydraulic circuit component, for example.

  The take-out device 47 has a transfer cylinder device. This transfer cylinder device has a transfer rod 53 as shown in FIG. The transfer cylinder device plays the role of transferring the block-shaped dry ice 48 in the horizontal direction at the lowered position of the cradle 49. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 54 denotes a transport tray.

  The rotary table 2, the pelletized dry ice supply device 16, the pressure cylinder device 17, the extrusion device 18, and the removal device 47 are controlled by the control unit 55 (see FIG. 2).

  As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9, when the power is turned on (S.1), the controller 55 starts the rotation of the turntable 2 by the hydraulic drive motor 3 (S.2). The electronic weighing machine 24 measures the pelletized dry ice 27 based on the start of rotation of the turntable 2 and supplies the pelletized dry ice 27 to the hopper 26 (S.3). The hopper 26 temporarily stores the pelletized dry ice 27 until the turntable 2 stops rotating.

  The rotary table 2 is rotated by a predetermined angle and stopped (S.4). A limit switch (not shown) is used to detect the rotation angle of the turntable 2.

  When the rotation table 2 stops rotating, the lid portion (not shown) of the hopper 26 is opened in the supply station 5, and a fixed amount of pellet-shaped dry powder is placed in each cavity 10 of the molding die 9 located in the supply station 5. Ice 27 is charged. In the molding station 6, the molding rod 30 of the pressure cylinder device 17 is lowered based on the rotation stop of the turntable 2. Simultaneously with the lowering of the forming rod 30 of the pressure cylinder device 17, the extrusion rod 39 of the extrusion device 18 of the discharge station 7 is lowered (S.5).

  The pelletized dry ice 27 is compressed in the cavity 10 at the molding station 6 as the molding rod 30 is lowered. Thereby, the block-shaped dry ice 48 is shape | molded.

  The block-shaped dry ice 48 is pushed out from below the cavity 10 as the push-out rod 39 is lowered at the discharge station 7 and placed on the receiving table 49. The block-shaped dry ice 48 placed on the receiving table 49 is lowered while being held between the pushing rod 39 and the receiving table 49. The hydraulic pressure in the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder device 50 increases as the push rod 39 moves down.

  The increased hydraulic pressure accumulated as the push rod 39 descends is accumulated in the accumulator 52 of the hydraulic circuit 51. When the cradle 49 reaches the lowered position, the transfer cylinder device is driven by a limit switch (not shown), the transfer rod 53 is advanced, and the block-shaped dry ice 48 is pushed out toward the transport tray 54 (S.6).

  When the block-shaped dry ice 48 is pushed out from the cradle 49, the hydraulic circuit 51 causes the hydraulic cylinder device 50 to move upward in the direction in which the cradle 49 rises based on the hydraulic pressure accumulated as the push rod 39 descends. Drive. The transfer rod 53 is retracted from the cradle 49 before the cradle 49 is raised.

  On the other hand, when the forming rod 30 and the pushing rod 39 reach the lowered position, for example, they engage with a limit switch (not shown), and the pressurizing cylinder device 17 and the pushing cylinder device 18 raise the forming rod 30 and the pushing rod 39 in the upward direction. (S.7).

  The control unit 55 determines completion of the raising of the forming rod 30, completion of the extrusion rod 39, and completion of charging of the pellet-shaped dry ice 27 into the cavity 10 (S.8).

  The completion of the raising of the forming rod 30 and the pushing rod 39 is determined by, for example, turning on a limit switch (not shown) engaged with the rods 30 and 39. Next, it is determined whether or not the power is off (S.9). When the power supply is not turned off, the control unit 55 again performs the next station 5 to 5 based on the completion of the raising of the forming rod 30 and the completion of the raising of the pushing rod 39 and the opening of the lid portion of the hopper 26 (completion of measurement). The rotary table 2 is rotated toward S7 (S.2).

  By repeating these series of operations, rectangular block-shaped dry ice 48 having a size desired by the customer is continuously manufactured.

  If the weight of the pellet-shaped dry ice 27 weighed by the electronic weighing machine 24 is increased, the block-shaped dry ice 48 having the same vertical and horizontal widths and a large thickness can be manufactured. If the weight of the pellet-shaped dry ice 27 weighed by the electronic weighing machine 24 is reduced, a block-shaped dry ice 48 having the same vertical and horizontal widths and a small thickness can be manufactured.

  A cavity-shaped molding die 9 having a width different from the vertical and horizontal widths of the cavity 10 of the molding die 9 fixed to the rotary table 2 is attached to the rotary table 2, and has a shape corresponding to the molding die 9. If the pressure plate 32 is attached to the forming rod 30, rectangular block-shaped dry ice 48 having different vertical and horizontal widths can be manufactured.

It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of the dry ice manufacturing apparatus concerning this invention. It is a top view which shows the outline | summary of the dry ice manufacturing apparatus concerning this invention. It is a top view of the turntable shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the shaping die shown in FIG. 1, Comprising: (a) is the top view, (b) is the sectional drawing. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the pellet-shaped dry ice supply apparatus of the dry ice manufacturing apparatus concerning this invention. It is an external view which shows an example of the pellet-shaped dry ice shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of a structure of the pressurization plate shown in FIG. 1, Comprising: (a) is a front view of the pressurization plate, (b) is a side view of the pressurization plate. It is a schematic diagram of the extrusion apparatus and extraction apparatus concerning this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating operation | movement of the dry ice manufacturing apparatus concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fixed table 2 ... Rotary table 9 ... Mold 10 ... Cavity 17 ... Pressure cylinder apparatus 18 ... Extrusion apparatus 30 ... Molding rod 32 ... Pressure plate 39 ... Extrusion rod

Claims (6)

A rotary table that is provided with a supply station, a molding station, and a discharge station at predetermined angles and is driven to rotate intermittently;
A cavity is formed in each station of the turntable so as to be detachable from the turntable, and has an inlet for pelletized dry ice on the upper side and an outlet for discharging block-shaped dry ice on the lower side. Molding dies,
A fixed table provided below the rotary table and having an opening that closes the discharge port between rotation positions from the supply station to the discharge station and communicates with the discharge port at the discharge station;
A pelletized dry ice supply device for supplying pelletized dry ice to a cavity of a molding die located in the supply station;
A pressure device provided with a pressure plate detachably attached to the molding rod that faces the cavity of the molding die located at the molding station and pressurizes and compresses the pellet-shaped dry ice in the cavity of the molding die; ,
An extrusion device having an extrusion rod facing from above the mold cavity located in the discharge station;
A dry ice manufacturing apparatus, comprising: a control unit that controls the pelletized dry ice supply device, the pressurizing device, the extrusion device, and the rotary table.   Each station of the rotary table is formed with a positioning opening that faces the fixed table and positions the molding die, and the molding die is attached to a fitting portion to the positioning opening and each station of the rotary table. The dry ice manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dry ice manufacturing apparatus has a mounting portion.   The control unit causes the pelletized dry ice supply device to start measurement based on the start of rotation of the rotary table, and pushes the forming rod of the pressurizing device and the extrusion device based on the rotation stop of the rotating body. The pellet-shaped dry ice is lowered and the weighed pellet-shaped dry ice is put into a cavity of a molding die located at the supply station, and the molding rod has been lifted, the push-rod has been lifted, and the pellet-shaped dry ice is The dry ice manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rotary table is rotated toward the next station based on completion of the molding die.   A take-out device is provided at the discharge station so as to face the opening of the fixed table from below, and the take-out device waits at the raised position and receives the block-shaped dry ice as the push rod descends. A cradle that descends while being clamped from above and below, a hydraulic cylinder device that urges the cradle in the upward direction, and an increase in hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder device that accompanies the downward movement of the push rod are accumulated and accumulated. The dry ice manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising: a hydraulic circuit that returns the cradle to the raised position based on the raised hydraulic pressure.   A transport device that transports the block-shaped dry ice in a horizontal direction, and the control unit controls the transport device so as to transport the block-shaped dry ice in a horizontal direction at a lowered position of the cradle. The dry ice manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein   6. The dry ice production according to claim 5, wherein a gap for degassing accompanying vaporization of carbon dioxide constituting the block-shaped dry ice is formed between the fixed table and the rotary table. apparatus.

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