JP2009195830A - Heavy metal fixing agent of heavy metal-containing solid waste and heavy metal fixing method - Google Patents

Heavy metal fixing agent of heavy metal-containing solid waste and heavy metal fixing method Download PDF

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JP2009195830A
JP2009195830A JP2008040295A JP2008040295A JP2009195830A JP 2009195830 A JP2009195830 A JP 2009195830A JP 2008040295 A JP2008040295 A JP 2008040295A JP 2008040295 A JP2008040295 A JP 2008040295A JP 2009195830 A JP2009195830 A JP 2009195830A
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heavy metal
solid waste
containing solid
salt
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Keiichi Mizushina
恵一 水品
Katsumi Matsumoto
克美 松本
Keisuke Sakuma
敬介 佐久間
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KOYO KASEI KK
Kurita Water Industries Ltd
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KOYO KASEI KK
Kurita Water Industries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To safely and stably detoxify harmful heavy metals contained in a heavy metal-containing solid waste. <P>SOLUTION: The heavy metal fixing agent of the heavy metal-containing solid waste contains one or more compounds selected from a group consisting of a sulfide, a hydrosulfide, and a polysulfide, and a thiazol compound. In a heavy metal fixing method, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the sulfide, the hydrosulfide, and the polysulfide and the thiazol compound are added to, and kneaded with the heavy metal-containing solid waste to fix heavy metals. A heavy metal fixing effect is enhanced by the interaction of sulfide ions, hydrosulfide ions or polysulfide ions and the thiazol compound, and the effect of oxidation by oxygen in air and water can be suppressed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、重金属含有固体廃棄物に含まれる有害重金属類を低コスト、安全かつ安定に無害化する重金属固定化剤と、この重金属固定化剤を用いた重金属固定化方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a heavy metal immobilizing agent that detoxifies harmful heavy metals contained in heavy metal-containing solid waste at low cost, safely and stably, and a heavy metal immobilizing method using the heavy metal immobilizing agent.

本発明において、「重金属含有固体廃棄物」とは、一般家庭ゴミや産業廃棄物を焼却した際、焼却残渣を溶融又は焼成した際、一般家庭ゴミや産業廃棄物を直接溶融或いはガス化溶融した際、或いは製鋼電気炉の操業の際、などに発生する排ガスに同伴する「煤塵」(重金属含有灰)、一般ゴミや産業廃棄物を焼却又は焼成した際に発生する「燃え殻」(焼却灰)や、焼却残渣を溶融した際や直接溶融或いはガス化溶融した際に発生する「溶融スラグ」などを対象とする。   In the present invention, “heavy metal-containing solid waste” means that when general household waste or industrial waste is incinerated, when incineration residue is melted or fired, general household waste or industrial waste is directly melted or gasified and melted. “Dust” (heavy metal-containing ash) accompanying the exhaust gas generated during the operation of a steelmaking electric furnace, etc., “burning husk” (incineration ash) generated when incinerating or firing general garbage and industrial waste In addition, “melting slag” generated when incineration residue is melted, directly melted or gasified and melted is targeted.

従来、重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属処理方法としては、次のような方法が知られている。
(1) 「煤塵」の場合、ジチオカルバミン酸系キレート剤を所定量添加、混練して無害化する方法が一般的であり、最も活用されている(例えば、特許文献1)。その他、硫化ソーダや水硫化ソーダを用いて飛灰中の重金属類を無害化し、有機高分子により重金属イオンを粗大粒子状の不溶性化合物とする方法がある(例えば、特許文献2)。また、多硫化物を用いて重金属含有物を無害化する方法もある(例えば、特許文献3)。
(2) 「燃え殻」の場合、「煤塵」と同様、ジチオカルバミン酸系キレート剤を添加して無害化する方法があるが、薬剤を用いず、無処理のケースもある。
(3) 「溶融スラグ」の場合、薬剤を用いず、無処理のケースが多い。
特開平8−224560号公報 特開平7−8935号公報 特開2007−63564号公報
Conventionally, the following methods are known as heavy metal treatment methods for heavy metal-containing solid waste.
(1) In the case of “dust”, a method in which a predetermined amount of a dithiocarbamic acid chelating agent is added and kneaded to make it harmless is generally used (for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, there is a method of detoxifying heavy metals in fly ash using sodium sulfide or sodium hydrosulfide, and converting heavy metal ions into coarse particulate insoluble compounds with an organic polymer (for example, Patent Document 2). There is also a method of detoxifying heavy metal-containing materials using polysulfides (for example, Patent Document 3).
(2) In the case of “burning husk”, as with “dust”, there is a method of detoxifying by adding a dithiocarbamic acid-based chelating agent, but there are cases where no chemical is used and no treatment is performed.
(3) In the case of “molten slag”, there are many cases where no chemical is used and no treatment is performed.
JP-A-8-224560 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-8935 JP 2007-63564 A

上記従来の技術では、下記に述べるような問題点があった。   The above conventional technique has the following problems.

(1)ジチオカルバミン酸系キレート剤を用いて重金属類を無害化する場合、有機系薬剤であるため、重金属類との即効性は有するものの、空気との接触及び雨水により、薬剤自体が分解して、重金属類が再溶出することから、長期的な安定性に問題があった。また、ジチオカルバミン酸系キレート剤を重金属含有固体廃棄物に添加、混練する際、有害なガスである二硫化炭素が発生するケースがあり、安全性に問題があった。 (1) When detoxifying heavy metals using a dithiocarbamic acid chelating agent, since it is an organic drug, it has immediate effect with heavy metals, but the drug itself is decomposed by contact with air and rain water. Because of the re-elution of heavy metals, there was a problem with long-term stability. In addition, when dithiocarbamic acid-based chelating agents are added to and kneaded with heavy metal-containing solid waste, there are cases in which carbon disulfide, which is a harmful gas, is generated, which causes safety problems.

(2)硫化ソーダや多硫化ソーダを用いて重金属類を無害化する場合、空気中又は水中の酸素により薬剤自体や不溶性化合物自体が酸化の影響を受ける結果、薬剤が大量に必要になることや長期的な安定性に欠ける場合があった。また、重金属含有固体廃棄物の性状の差により、重金属類を無害化するための薬剤の必要添加量が膨大となり、その結果、臭気(硫化水素)の発生による安全性の問題や処理コストが高価になるといった問題があった。 (2) When detoxifying heavy metals using sodium sulfide or sodium polysulfide, the drug itself or insoluble compounds themselves are affected by oxidation by oxygen in the air or water, resulting in the need for a large amount of drug. In some cases, long-term stability was lacking. In addition, due to differences in the properties of heavy metal-containing solid waste, the amount of chemicals required for detoxifying heavy metals becomes enormous, resulting in high safety issues and treatment costs due to the generation of odors (hydrogen sulfide). There was a problem of becoming.

従って、本発明は、これらの問題点を解決し、重金属含有固体廃棄物に含まれる有害重金属類を低コスト、安全かつ安定に無害化する重金属固定化剤と、この重金属固定化剤を用いた重金属固定化方法を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention solves these problems and uses a heavy metal fixing agent that makes harmful heavy metals contained in heavy metal-containing solid waste harmless at low cost, safely and stably, and this heavy metal fixing agent. An object is to provide a method for immobilizing heavy metals.

本発明(請求項1)の重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化剤は、重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化剤であって、硫化物、水硫化物、及び多硫化物よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上と、チアゾール化合物とを含有することを特徴とする。   The heavy metal fixing agent for heavy metal-containing solid waste of the present invention (Claim 1) is a heavy metal fixing agent for heavy metal-containing solid waste, and is selected from the group consisting of sulfides, hydrosulfides, and polysulfides. 1 type or 2 types or more and a thiazole compound are contained.

請求項2の重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化剤は、請求項1において、前記チアゾール化合物が、メルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、並びにクロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上であることを特徴とする。   The heavy metal fixing agent for heavy metal-containing solid waste according to claim 2, wherein the thiazole compound is mercaptobenzothiazole and a salt thereof, mercaptomethylbenzothiazole and a salt thereof, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole and a salt thereof, and It is one or more selected from the group consisting of chloromercaptobenzothiazole and salts thereof.

請求項3の重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化剤は、請求項1又は2において、さらに、カルボン酸基及び/又はスルホン酸基を有する有機高分子を含有することを特徴とする。   The heavy metal fixing agent for heavy metal-containing solid waste according to claim 3 is characterized in that in claim 1 or 2, the heavy metal fixing agent further contains an organic polymer having a carboxylic acid group and / or a sulfonic acid group.

本発明(請求項4)の重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化方法は、重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化方法であって、硫化物、水硫化物、及び多硫化物よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上と、チアゾール化合物とを該重金属含有固体廃棄物に添加して混練することを特徴とする。   The heavy metal immobilization method for heavy metal-containing solid waste of the present invention (Claim 4) is a heavy metal immobilization method for heavy metal-containing solid waste, and is selected from the group consisting of sulfides, hydrosulfides, and polysulfides. One type or two or more types and a thiazole compound are added to the heavy metal-containing solid waste and kneaded.

請求項5の重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化方法は、請求項4において、前記チアゾール化合物が、メルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、並びにクロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上であることを特徴とする。   The method for immobilizing a heavy metal-containing solid waste according to claim 5, wherein the thiazole compound is mercaptobenzothiazole and a salt thereof, mercaptomethylbenzothiazole and a salt thereof, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole and a salt thereof, and It is one or more selected from the group consisting of chloromercaptobenzothiazole and salts thereof.

請求項6の重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化方法は、請求項4又は5において、さらに、カルボン酸基及び/又はスルホン酸基を有する有機高分子を前記重金属含有固体廃棄物に添加することを特徴とする。   The heavy metal-containing solid waste immobilization method according to claim 6 is the method according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising adding an organic polymer having a carboxylic acid group and / or a sulfonic acid group to the heavy metal-containing solid waste. It is characterized by.

本発明によれば、硫化物や多硫化物のみを用いる従来法に比べて、重金属固定効果を著しく向上させることができ、また、空気中、水中の酸素による酸化の影響を抑制することができるため、薬剤の多量添加を必要とすることなく、重金属類を確実に固定して長期的な安定性に優れた重金属固定化処理を行うことができる。   According to the present invention, the effect of fixing heavy metals can be remarkably improved as compared with the conventional method using only sulfides or polysulfides, and the influence of oxidation by oxygen in the air or water can be suppressed. Therefore, the heavy metal immobilization process excellent in long-term stability can be performed by reliably fixing heavy metals without requiring the addition of a large amount of drug.

本発明によるこのような優れた効果の作用機構の詳細は明らかではないが、硫化物、水硫化物ないし多硫化物イオンと、チアゾール化合物とが相互作用することで、重金属固定効果が向上し、かつ空気中、水中の酸素による酸化の影響を抑制できることによると推測される。   Although the details of the mechanism of such excellent effects according to the present invention are not clear, the sulfide, hydrosulfide or polysulfide ions interact with the thiazole compound, thereby improving the heavy metal fixing effect, In addition, it is presumed that the influence of oxidation by oxygen in the air and water can be suppressed.

本発明において、チアゾール化合物としては、メルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、並びにクロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上を用いることが好ましい(請求項2,5)。   In the present invention, the thiazole compound may be one or two selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole and its salt, mercaptomethylbenzothiazole and its salt, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole and its salt, and chloromercaptobenzothiazole and its salt. It is preferable to use at least seeds (claims 2 and 5).

また、さらに、カルボン酸基及び/又はスルホン酸基を有する有機高分子を併用することが好ましく、このような有機高分子を用いることにより、不溶化物の粒子を更に粗大化させると共に安定化させて、重金属類の溶出をより一層確実に防止することができる。   Further, it is preferable to use an organic polymer having a carboxylic acid group and / or a sulfonic acid group in combination. By using such an organic polymer, the particles of the insolubilized material are further coarsened and stabilized. Thus, elution of heavy metals can be prevented more reliably.

以下に本発明の重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化剤及び重金属固定化方法の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。   Embodiments of a heavy metal immobilizing agent and a heavy metal immobilizing method for heavy metal-containing solid waste according to the present invention will be described in detail below.

[重金属固定化剤]
本発明の重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化剤は、硫化物、水硫化物、及び多硫化物よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上(以下、これらを「硫化物類」と称する場合がある。)とチアゾール化合物とを含有するものであり、さらに、カルボン酸基及び/又はスルホン酸基を有する有機高分子を含有することが好ましい。
[Heavy metal fixing agent]
The heavy metal fixing agent for heavy metal-containing solid waste of the present invention is one or more selected from the group consisting of sulfide, hydrosulfide, and polysulfide (hereinafter referred to as “sulfides”). In some cases) and a thiazole compound, and further preferably contains an organic polymer having a carboxylic acid group and / or a sulfonic acid group.

<硫化物類>
本発明で用いる硫化物類のうち、硫化物としては、硫化ナトリウム(NaS)、硫化カリウム(KS)、硫化カルシウム(CaS)、硫化マグネシウム(MgS)などのアルカリ金属硫化物、アルカリ土類金属硫化物などが挙げられる。また、水硫化物としては、水硫化ナトリウム(NaHS)、水硫化カリウム(KHS)などのアルカリ金属水硫化物が挙げられる。
更に、多硫化物としては、M (Mはアルカリ金属又はNH等の一価の原子又は基、nは2〜6の整数)、又はMII(MIIはアルカリ土類金属等の二価の原子又は基、nは2〜6の整数)で表されるものが挙げられる。
<Sulphides>
Among the sulfides used in the present invention, examples of the sulfide include alkali metal sulfides such as sodium sulfide (Na 2 S), potassium sulfide (K 2 S), calcium sulfide (CaS), magnesium sulfide (MgS), and alkali. Examples include earth metal sulfides. Examples of hydrosulfides include alkali metal hydrosulfides such as sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and potassium hydrosulfide (KHS).
Furthermore, as polysulfides, M I 2 Sn (M I is a monovalent atom or group such as an alkali metal or NH 4 , n is an integer of 2 to 6), or M II Sn (M II is an alkali) And divalent atoms or groups such as earth metals, and n is an integer of 2 to 6).

これらのうち、特に硫化ナトリウム、水硫化ナトリウム、多硫化ナトリウム(Na、Na、Na)等のアルカリ金属塩が好ましい。 Of these, alkali metal salts such as sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, and sodium polysulfide (Na 2 S 2 , Na 2 S 3 , Na 2 S 4 ) are particularly preferable.

これらは1種を単独で用いても良く、2種以上を混合して用いても良い。   These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

<チアゾール化合物>
本発明で用いるチアゾール化合物としては、メルカプトベンゾチアゾール、メルカプトベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩、メルカプトベンゾチアゾールカリウム塩、メルカプトベンゾチアゾール亜鉛塩、メルカプトベンゾチアゾールのシクロヘキシルアミン塩、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾール、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾールカリウム塩、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾール、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾールカリウム塩、クロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾール、クロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩、クロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾールカリウム塩、エトキシメルカプトベンゾチアゾール、エトキシメルカプトベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩、エトキシメルカプトベンゾチアゾールカリウム塩、メチルスルファニルベンゾチアゾール、メチルスルファニルベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩、メチルスルファニルベンゾチアゾールカリウム塩が挙げられる。
<Thiazole compound>
Examples of thiazole compounds used in the present invention include mercaptobenzothiazole, mercaptobenzothiazole sodium salt, mercaptobenzothiazole potassium salt, mercaptobenzothiazole zinc salt, cyclohexylamine salt of mercaptobenzothiazole, mercaptomethylbenzothiazole, mercaptomethylbenzothiazole sodium salt. , Mercaptomethylbenzothiazole potassium salt, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole sodium salt, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole potassium salt, chloromercaptobenzothiazole, chloromercaptobenzothiazole sodium salt, chloromercaptobenzothiazole potassium salt, ethoxymercaptobenzothiazole , Ethoxymercaptobe Benzothiazole sodium salt, ethoxy mercaptobenzothiazole potassium salt, methylsulfanyl benzothiazole, methylsulfanyl benzothiazole sodium salt, methyl sulfanyl benzothiazole potassium salt.

これらのうち、チアゾール化合物としては、メルカプトベンゾチアゾール、メルカプトベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩、メルカプトベンゾチアゾールカリウム塩、メルカプトベンゾチアゾール亜鉛塩、メルカプトベンゾチアゾールのシクロヘキシルアミン塩等のメルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾール、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾールカリウム塩等のメルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾール、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾールカリウム塩等のメルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、クロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾール、クロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩、クロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾールカリウム塩等のクロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩が好ましい。   Among these, as thiazole compounds, mercaptobenzothiazole, mercaptobenzothiazole sodium salt, mercaptobenzothiazole potassium salt, mercaptobenzothiazole zinc salt, mercaptobenzothiazole such as cyclohexylamine salt and its salts, mercaptomethylbenzo Mercaptomethylbenzothiazole such as thiazole, mercaptomethylbenzothiazole sodium salt, mercaptomethylbenzothiazole potassium salt and the like, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole sodium salt, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole potassium salt and the like, and Its salt, chloromercaptobenzothiazole, chloromerca DOO benzothiazole sodium salt, chloro-mercaptobenzothiazole and its salts such as chloro mercaptobenzothiazole potassium salts are preferred.

これらは1種を単独で用いても良く、2種以上を混合して用いても良い。   These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

<カルボン酸基及び/又はスルホン酸基を有する有機高分子>
本発明で用いるカルボン酸基(カルボキシル基:−COOH)及び/又はスルホン酸基(スルホ基:−SO(OH))を有する有機高分子(以下、単に「有機高分子」と称す。)としては、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸ナトリウム、(メタ)アクリル酸ナトリウム−アクリルアミド共重合物、ポリアクリルアミド部分加水分解物、スルホメチル化ポリアクリルアミド、アクリルアミド−アクリル酸ナトリウム−2−アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸ナトリウム共重合物等のアニオン性ポリマーやアクリルアミド−(メタ)アクリル酸エステル−アクリル酸共重合物等の両性ポリマーを用いることができる。
<Organic polymer having carboxylic acid group and / or sulfonic acid group>
As an organic polymer having a carboxylic acid group (carboxyl group: —COOH) and / or a sulfonic acid group (sulfo group: —SO 2 (OH)) used in the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as “organic polymer”). Are poly (meth) acrylate sodium, sodium (meth) acrylate-acrylamide copolymer, polyacrylamide partial hydrolyzate, sulfomethylated polyacrylamide, acrylamide-sodium acrylate-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid An anionic polymer such as sodium copolymer or an amphoteric polymer such as acrylamide- (meth) acrylic acid ester-acrylic acid copolymer can be used.

これらは1種を単独で用いても良く、2種以上を混合して用いても良い。   These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

<配合割合>
本発明の重金属固定化剤の硫化物類、チアゾール化合物、及び必要に応じて更に含まれる有機高分子の配合割合は、後述するこれらの薬剤の重金属含有固体廃棄物に対する好適な添加量となるような配合割合とすることが好ましく、一般的には、チアゾール化合物を硫化物類に対して0.1〜50重量%、有機高分子を硫化物類に対して5重量%以下、例えば0.1〜5重量%の割合で配合することが好ましい。
<Combination ratio>
The blending ratio of the sulfides, thiazole compounds of the heavy metal fixing agent of the present invention, and the organic polymer further contained as necessary is such that these drugs are added to the heavy metal-containing solid waste described later. In general, the thiazole compound is 0.1 to 50% by weight with respect to the sulfides, and the organic polymer is 5% by weight or less with respect to the sulfides, for example, 0.1% by weight. It is preferable to mix at a ratio of ˜5% by weight.

なお、本発明の重金属固定化剤は、これらの薬剤が予め混合されて一剤化されたものであっても良く、各薬剤が別々に供給されるものであっても良い。
また、薬剤の一部又は全部が水溶液として供給されるものであっても良く、この場合の水溶液中の薬剤濃度としては、後述の本発明の重金属固定化方法の説明において、重金属含有固体廃棄物への薬剤の添加形態として挙げられる好適濃度とされていても良く、水で希釈してこのような濃度に調整して使用するように、その2〜10倍程度の高濃度水溶液とされていても良い。
The heavy metal immobilizing agent of the present invention may be one obtained by previously mixing these drugs, or one in which each drug is supplied separately.
Further, a part or the whole of the medicine may be supplied as an aqueous solution. In this case, the concentration of the medicine in the aqueous solution may be the heavy metal-containing solid waste in the description of the heavy metal immobilization method of the present invention described later. It may be a suitable concentration that can be mentioned as a form of addition of the drug to the solution, and it is made into a highly concentrated aqueous solution that is about 2 to 10 times its concentration so that it is diluted with water and adjusted to such a concentration. Also good.

[重金属固定化方法]
本発明の重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化方法は、前述の硫化物類の1種又は2種以上と、チアゾール化合物の1種又は2種以上とを重金属含有固体廃棄物に添加して混練することにより重金属含有固体廃棄物中の重金属類を固定するものであり、更に好ましくは、前述の有機高分子の1種又は2種以上を添加混練する。
[Heavy metal immobilization method]
In the method for immobilizing heavy metal-containing solid waste of the present invention, one or more of the aforementioned sulfides and one or more of thiazole compounds are added to the heavy metal-containing solid waste and kneaded. By doing so, the heavy metals in the heavy metal-containing solid waste are fixed, and more preferably, one or more of the aforementioned organic polymers are added and kneaded.

<薬剤添加量>
重金属含有固体廃棄物への各薬剤の添加量は、処理する重金属含有固体廃棄物の性状や用いる薬剤の種類等によっても異なるが、通常、重金属含有固体廃棄物100重量部に対して、硫化物類を0.1〜30重量部、特に0.5〜15重量部添加することが好ましく、チアゾール化合物は重金属含有固体廃棄物100重量部に対して0.0001〜6重量部、特に0.001〜1重量部で、硫化物類添加量の0.1〜10重量%程度の割合となるように添加することが好ましい。
<Amount of drug added>
The amount of each chemical added to the heavy metal-containing solid waste varies depending on the properties of the heavy metal-containing solid waste to be treated, the type of the chemical used, etc., but usually 100 parts by weight of the heavy metal-containing solid waste is sulfide. It is preferable to add 0.1 to 30 parts by weight, particularly 0.5 to 15 parts by weight, and the thiazole compound is 0.0001 to 6 parts by weight, especially 0.001 to 100 parts by weight of heavy metal-containing solid waste. It is preferable to add so that it may become the ratio of about 0.1 to 10 weight% of sulfide addition amount by 1 weight part.

また、有機高分子は、重金属含有固体廃棄物100重量部に対して0.0001〜3重量部で、硫化物類添加量の0.1〜5重量%程度の割合となるように添加することが好ましい。   The organic polymer should be added in an amount of about 0.0001 to 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the heavy metal-containing solid waste so that the ratio is about 0.1 to 5% by weight of the amount of sulfides added. Is preferred.

<水の添加量>
本発明の重金属固定化方法では、重金属含有固体廃棄物に更に水を添加して混練しても良い。この水添加量は、取り扱い性等を考慮して適宜限定されるが、通常重金属含有固体廃棄物100重量部に対して5〜80重量部、特に10〜50重量部程度とすることが好ましい。
<Amount of water added>
In the heavy metal immobilization method of the present invention, water may be further added to the heavy metal-containing solid waste and kneaded. The amount of water added is appropriately determined in consideration of handling properties and the like, but is usually preferably 5 to 80 parts by weight, particularly preferably about 10 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the heavy metal-containing solid waste.

<薬剤の添加方法、添加形態>
本発明に係る各薬剤の添加方法や添加形態には特に制限はなく、予め混合されて一剤化された薬剤を重金属含有固体廃棄物に添加しても良く、各々別々に重金属含有固体廃棄物に添加しても良い。各薬剤を別々に添加する場合、その添加順序にも特に制限はない。
また、各薬剤はそのまま添加しても良く、水溶液として添加しても良い。
水の添加についても、薬剤とは別に添加しても良く、薬剤の水溶液の形態で添加しても良い。
薬剤を水溶液として添加する場合、その薬剤濃度には特に制限はないが、硫化物類については、1〜60重量%程度の濃度で、また、有機高分子については0.01〜10重量%程度の濃度で添加することが好ましく、このような濃度の水溶液として用いることにより、水の添加を兼用して混練することができる。なお、チアゾール化合物については特に制限はないが、通常水で希釈することなくそのまま添加される。
<Addition method and form of drug>
There are no particular restrictions on the method and mode of addition of each drug according to the present invention, and a premixed drug may be added to the heavy metal-containing solid waste, and each heavy metal-containing solid waste is separately added. You may add to. When each drug is added separately, the order of addition is not particularly limited.
Moreover, each chemical | medical agent may be added as it is and may be added as aqueous solution.
Water may be added separately from the drug or in the form of an aqueous solution of the drug.
When the drug is added as an aqueous solution, the drug concentration is not particularly limited. For sulfides, the concentration is about 1 to 60% by weight, and for organic polymers, about 0.01 to 10% by weight. It is preferable to add at a concentration of 1. By using it as an aqueous solution of such a concentration, it can be kneaded with the addition of water. In addition, although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about a thiazole compound, Usually, it adds as it is, without diluting with water.

[重金属含有固体廃棄物]
本発明の重金属固定化剤及び重金属固定化方法で処理対象とする重金属含有固体廃棄物とは、前述の如く、一般家庭ゴミや産業廃棄物を焼却した際、焼却残渣を溶融又は焼成した際、一般家庭ゴミや産業廃棄物を直接溶融或いはガス化溶融した際、或いは製鋼電気炉の操業の際などに発生する排ガスに同伴する「煤塵」(重金属含有灰)、一般ゴミや産業廃棄物を焼却、又は焼成した際に発生する「燃え殻」(焼却灰)や焼却残渣を溶融した際や直接溶融或いはガス化溶融した際に発生する「溶融スラグ」などであり、本発明は、これらのいずれの重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属処理にも有効に適用可能であるが、特に「煤塵」(重金属含有飛灰)や「燃え殻」の重金属処理に好適である。
[Heavy metal-containing solid waste]
The heavy metal-containing solid waste to be treated by the heavy metal immobilizing agent and heavy metal immobilization method of the present invention, as described above, when incinerating general household waste and industrial waste, when incineration residue is melted or calcined, "House dust" (ash containing heavy metals), general garbage and industrial waste incinerated when general household waste and industrial waste are directly melted or gasified and melted, or when the steelmaking electric furnace is operated Or “burning slag” generated when the “burning husk” (incineration ash), incineration residue, or direct melting or gasification melting occurs when the incineration residue is melted. Although it can be effectively applied to heavy metal treatment of heavy metal-containing solid waste, it is particularly suitable for heavy metal treatment of “dust” (heavy ash containing heavy ash) and “burning husk”.

以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples as long as the gist thereof is not exceeded.

なお、以下の実施例及び比較例では、重金属含有廃棄物として次の供試灰S、Yについて処理を行った。
供試灰S:産業廃棄物ゴミ焼却施設から発生した焼却飛灰
供試灰Y:一般都市ゴミ焼却施設から発生した焼却飛灰
これらの供試灰S、Yの主要成分含有量を表1に示す。
In the following Examples and Comparative Examples, the following test ash S and Y were processed as heavy metal-containing waste.
Test ash S: Incineration fly ash generated from the industrial waste incineration facility Test ash Y: Incineration fly ash generated from the municipal waste incineration facility Table 1 shows the main component contents of these test ash S and Y Show.

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

また、用いた薬剤は次の通りである。なお、水溶液の調製には純水を用いた。
<硫化物類>
NaHS:34重量%NaHS水溶液
Na:32重量%Na水溶液
Na:37重量%Na水溶液
<チアゾール化合物>
チアゾール化合物I:2−メルカプトベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩(100%)
チアゾール化合物II:クロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾールナトリウム塩(100%)
<有機高分子>
カルボン酸系有機高分子(アクリル酸ナトリウム−アクリルアミド共重合物、平均分子量1400×10)の0.1重量%水溶液
<キレート剤>
40重量%ピペラジンジチオカルバミン酸カリウム
Moreover, the chemical | medical agent used is as follows. In addition, pure water was used for the preparation of the aqueous solution.
<Sulphides>
NaHS: 34 wt% NaHS aqueous solution Na 2 S 2 : 32 wt% Na 2 S 2 aqueous solution Na 2 S 4 : 37 wt% Na 2 S 4 aqueous solution <thiazole compound>
Thiazole compound I: 2-mercaptobenzothiazole sodium salt (100%)
Thiazole compound II: chloromercaptobenzothiazole sodium salt (100%)
<Organic polymer>
0.1 wt% aqueous solution of carboxylic acid organic polymer (sodium acrylate-acrylamide copolymer, average molecular weight 1400 × 10 4 ) <chelating agent>
40 wt% potassium piperazine dithiocarbamate

<実施例1〜24、比較例1〜19>
供試灰100gに、表2〜13に示す各薬剤を表2〜13に示す添加量(重金属含有固体廃棄物に対する重量%で添加して(ただし、比較例1,11では薬剤添加せず)、スパーテルで5分間混練し、混練物を作製した。この混練物について、混練直後又は所定期間開放養生した後、環境庁告示13号試験法に準拠して重金属の溶出試験を行うと共に、溶出液のpHを測定した。結果を表2〜13に示す。
なお、表2〜13中の薬剤の添加量は、薬剤を水溶液として添加する場合、その水溶液としての添加量を示す。
<Examples 1-24, Comparative Examples 1-19>
Each chemical shown in Tables 2 to 13 is added to 100 g of the test ash in the amount of addition shown in Tables 2 to 13 (by weight% based on heavy metal-containing solid waste (however, in Comparative Examples 1 and 11, no chemicals are added)) The mixture was kneaded for 5 minutes with a spatula to prepare a kneaded product. The results are shown in Tables 2-13.
In addition, the addition amount of the chemical | medical agent in Tables 2-13 shows the addition amount as the aqueous solution, when adding a chemical | medical agent as aqueous solution.

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

Figure 2009195830
Figure 2009195830

以上の実施例及び比較例の結果から、硫化物類とチアゾール化合物とを併用することにより、重金属類の固定効果が向上し、特に重金属類の固定効果の長期安定性において、顕著な改善効果が得られることが分かる。
また、更にカルボン酸基及び/又はスルホン酸基を有する有機高分子を併用することにより、重金属類の溶出をより一層確実に抑制することができることが分かる。
From the results of the above examples and comparative examples, the combined use of sulfides and thiazole compounds improves the fixing effect of heavy metals, and in particular, has a significant improvement effect in the long-term stability of the fixing effect of heavy metals. You can see that
It can also be seen that elution of heavy metals can be more reliably suppressed by using an organic polymer having a carboxylic acid group and / or a sulfonic acid group in combination.

Claims (6)

重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化剤であって、硫化物、水硫化物、及び多硫化物よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上と、チアゾール化合物とを含有することを特徴とする重金属固定化剤。   A heavy metal fixing agent for heavy metal-containing solid waste, characterized in that it contains one or more selected from the group consisting of sulfides, hydrosulfides, and polysulfides, and a thiazole compound. Heavy metal fixing agent. 請求項1において、前記チアゾール化合物が、メルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、並びにクロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上であることを特徴とする重金属固定化剤。   The thiazole compound according to claim 1, wherein the thiazole compound is selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole and a salt thereof, mercaptomethylbenzothiazole and a salt thereof, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole and a salt thereof, and chloromercaptobenzothiazole and a salt thereof. A heavy metal immobilizing agent characterized by being two or more. 請求項1又は2において、さらに、カルボン酸基及び/又はスルホン酸基を有する有機高分子を含有することを特徴とする重金属固定化剤。   3. The heavy metal immobilizing agent according to claim 1, further comprising an organic polymer having a carboxylic acid group and / or a sulfonic acid group. 重金属含有固体廃棄物の重金属固定化方法であって、硫化物、水硫化物、及び多硫化物よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上と、チアゾール化合物とを該重金属含有固体廃棄物に添加して混練することを特徴とする重金属固定化方法。   A method for immobilizing heavy metal-containing solid waste, comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of sulfide, hydrosulfide, and polysulfide, and a thiazole compound in the heavy metal-containing solid waste A heavy metal immobilization method comprising adding and kneading. 請求項4において、前記チアゾール化合物が、メルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメチルベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、メルカプトメトキシベンゾチアゾール及びその塩、並びにクロロメルカプトベンゾチアゾール及びその塩よりなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上であることを特徴とする重金属固定化方法。   The thiazole compound according to claim 4, wherein the thiazole compound is selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole and a salt thereof, mercaptomethylbenzothiazole and a salt thereof, mercaptomethoxybenzothiazole and a salt thereof, and chloromercaptobenzothiazole and a salt thereof. A heavy metal immobilization method characterized in that there are two or more kinds. 請求項4又は5において、さらに、カルボン酸基及び/又はスルホン酸基を有する有機高分子を前記重金属含有固体廃棄物に添加することを特徴とする重金属固定化方法。   6. The heavy metal immobilization method according to claim 4, further comprising adding an organic polymer having a carboxylic acid group and / or a sulfonic acid group to the heavy metal-containing solid waste.
JP2008040295A 2008-02-21 2008-02-21 Heavy metal fixing agent of heavy metal-containing solid waste and heavy metal fixing method Pending JP2009195830A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56125291A (en) * 1980-03-05 1981-10-01 Onoda Chem Ind Co Ltd Phosphatic fertilizer for insolubilizing heavy metals
JPH02203981A (en) * 1989-02-01 1990-08-13 Koyo Kasei Kk Method of turning industrial waste containing harmful heavy metal into harmless substance
JPH04267982A (en) * 1991-02-22 1992-09-24 Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd Immobilization of metal in solid state substance
JPH078935A (en) * 1992-06-04 1995-01-13 Koyo Kasei Kk Method for making harmful heavy metal contained in fly ash generated in waste incineration harmless
JPH0967185A (en) * 1995-06-20 1997-03-11 Katakura Chitsukarin Kk High viscosity-high component pasty fertilizer
JPH10113677A (en) * 1996-10-09 1998-05-06 Kokichi Sakai Trapping agent for heavy metal and trapping method of heavy metal
JPH11104589A (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-04-20 Wakayama Prefecture Heavy metal immobilization and metal capturing agent

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56125291A (en) * 1980-03-05 1981-10-01 Onoda Chem Ind Co Ltd Phosphatic fertilizer for insolubilizing heavy metals
JPH02203981A (en) * 1989-02-01 1990-08-13 Koyo Kasei Kk Method of turning industrial waste containing harmful heavy metal into harmless substance
JPH04267982A (en) * 1991-02-22 1992-09-24 Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd Immobilization of metal in solid state substance
JPH078935A (en) * 1992-06-04 1995-01-13 Koyo Kasei Kk Method for making harmful heavy metal contained in fly ash generated in waste incineration harmless
JPH0967185A (en) * 1995-06-20 1997-03-11 Katakura Chitsukarin Kk High viscosity-high component pasty fertilizer
JPH10113677A (en) * 1996-10-09 1998-05-06 Kokichi Sakai Trapping agent for heavy metal and trapping method of heavy metal
JPH11104589A (en) * 1997-09-30 1999-04-20 Wakayama Prefecture Heavy metal immobilization and metal capturing agent

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