JP2009191493A - Structure for eave soffit ventilation and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple structure for eave soffit ventilation capable of being simply constructed and achieving high ventilation and fire protection properties and to provide its construction method. <P>SOLUTION: This structure for eave soffit ventilation is constituted by attaching an eave soffit board 10 supported by eave soffit ventilation end part hardware 30 provided on an exterior board 40 between a verge-board 50 suspended from under the eaves and the exterior board 40. This structure absorbs heat in the eave soffit board 10 by using a molded body 20 made of heat absorbing substance since heat is prevented from being transmitted into an attic space 60 through the eave soffit board 10 and temperature in the attic space 60 is prevented from rising when a fire starts. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilating ceiling (eave sky) ventilation structure for attaching a ceiling plate having fire-proofing performance between a roof eave tip and a building exterior plate in a building or a void portion on the back of a balcony, and a construction method therefor It is about.

Conventionally, as this kind of eaves-backed ceiling ventilation structure, for example, the one shown in Patent Document 1 shown in FIG. 4 is known. The support fitting (1) used in this ventilation structure is provided with an insertion recess having a substantially U-shaped cross section so that the end of the ceiling plate (5) can be inserted. Further, ventilation holes (2) provided with a large number of slits are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the support fitting (1) so as to allow ventilation into the eaves back space, and the ventilation holes (2) and the ventilation vents (6 ) Allows ventilation between the outside and the eaves space.
The support fitting (1) is provided with a thermal expansion material (9) that expands near the ventilation hole (2) without being burned by heat, and expands with hot air in the event of a fire to provide a ventilation vent (6). In order to close it, flames and sparks are prevented from entering through the ventilation hole (2) from the outside (for example, a neighboring house). The reference numerals are those of Patent Document 1.

However, if the fire time is long, the heat propagates to the back of the hut through the support fittings and the eaves top plate, the temperature of the shed increases, and there is a higher possibility that it will spread indoors and eventually burn out.
In such a case, in order to further improve the fireproof performance, for example, as shown in Patent Documents 2 to 5, there is known a method in which a member such as a “gypsum board” is disposed on or near a ventilated metal.

JP-A-6-73828 Utility model registration No. 3071914 (lining material 2) JP 2000-204697 A (Gypsum board 20) JP 2006-14496 A (Ceramic member 15a) Patent No. 3898831 (eave heaven materials 11a, 11b)

Since the gypsum board is mainly composed of dihydrate gypsum and dehydrates at 80 to 180 ° C. when heated, there is an effect that the temperature rise is suppressed by the dehydration reaction.
However, when a gypsum board is placed on the top of the vent hardware, there are the following problems.
(1) Since the board base paper (cardboard) affixed to the front and back of the plasterboard burns in the event of a fire, it tends to ignite near the ventilated hardware and there is a risk of igniting the wood part inside.
(2) Further, when a gypsum board is installed on or near the ventilating metal, there is a problem that the ventilation becomes worse and the performance as the ventilating metal decreases.
(3) Since the thickness of gypsum board cannot be selected freely, it is difficult to adjust the amount of use according to the required value of fireproof performance, and gypsum boards with different thicknesses are stocked according to use. It was necessary and the burden on the contractor was great.

  In addition, in order to improve the fire-proof performance of the eaves-top ventilation structure that has already been installed, it is necessary to remove the installed eave-top board and replace it with a new eave-top board with higher fire protection performance, and to build a new scaffold. As a result, there is a problem that both the construction period and the cost are very large for the replacement work.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and to provide an eaves ventilation structure and a construction method thereof that have a simple structure, simple construction, high air permeability, and high fire resistance.

In order to achieve the above object, the first to ninth inventions are eave-top ventilation structures using a board-like material, sheet-like material, granular material or other molded body made of an endothermic material.
That is, the first invention is characterized in that, in the eaves-top ventilation structure having an eaves-top plate, a board-like object, a sheet-like object, a granular material, and other molded bodies made of an endothermic material are arranged on the back of the hut. Is. Here, “the back of the hut” means a space formed between the roof and the eaves top board.
A second aspect of the present invention is the same-top ventilation structure, wherein the endothermic start temperature of the endothermic substance is 50 to 400 ° C. Here, the endothermic start temperature refers to a temperature at which endotherm starts when an endothermic substance is analyzed with a differential scanning calorimeter.
In the third invention, the endothermic substance is gypsum, silica gel, zeolite, copper hydroxide, magnesium sulfate hydrate, aluminum sulfate hydrate, magnesium phosphate hydrate, iron phosphate, iron fluoride, fluoride. It is the eaves-ventilation structure characterized by consisting of one or more of aluminum.
4th invention is the eaves top ventilation structure characterized by the eaves top board being supported by the eaves top ventilation parting hardware.
A fifth aspect of the present invention is the eaves top ventilation structure, wherein the eaves top plate is provided with a fireproof damper.
A sixth aspect of the present invention is an eaves ventilating structure characterized in that a board-like material, a sheet-like material, a granular material, or other molded body made of an endothermic material is arranged so as not to contact the eaves-top ventilation part. .
7th invention is the eaves-top ventilation structure characterized by attaching an eaves-top ventilation part to an exterior board.
An eighth aspect of the present invention is the eaves top ventilation structure, wherein the eaves top plate is a calcium silicate board.
A ninth aspect of the present invention is a rooftop ventilation structure characterized in that a granular material made of an endothermic substance is formed into a pellet or a tablet.

Further, the tenth to thirteenth inventions are construction methods for eave sky ventilation structures using boards, sheets, granules, and other shaped bodies made of an endothermic substance.
That is, the tenth invention is a construction method of an existing eaves top ventilation structure having an eaves top plate, wherein a part of the eaves top plate is removed, and the board made of an endothermic material from the part where the eaves top plate is removed to the back of the hut It is characterized in that a shaped article, a sheet-like article, a granular article and other shaped bodies are arranged.
An eleventh aspect of the present invention is a construction method for a rooftop ventilation structure, wherein the endothermic start temperature of the endothermic substance is 50 to 400 ° C.
In the twelfth invention, the endothermic substance is gypsum, silica gel, zeolite, copper hydroxide, magnesium sulfate hydrate, aluminum sulfate hydrate, magnesium phosphate hydrate, iron phosphate, iron fluoride, fluoride. It is the construction method of the eaves ceiling ventilation structure characterized by consisting of 1 or more types of aluminum.
A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is a construction method for a rooftop ventilation structure, characterized in that a granular material made of an endothermic substance is formed into a pellet or a tablet.

The present invention has the following effects.
(1) As in the present invention, if the eave-top ventilation structure has a board-like object, sheet-like object, granular material, or other molded body made of an endothermic substance placed in the back of the hut, the eave-top board will become hot due to a fire. Even if it is exposed, it can absorb the received heat and suppress the temperature rise in the back of the hut that is inside the eaves. When a board-like material made of an endothermic material is used, there are features such as small bulkiness, high transport efficiency, high strength, and ease of construction. When using a sheet-like material made of an endothermic material, for example, transport the sheet-like material to a construction site in a state of being rolled up, unwind the roll on the eaves top plate after constructing the eaves top plate. Construction is easy, such as easy to cut, easy to follow, and easy to follow the uneven shape of the back of the hut because of its high flexibility. In this case, the sheet-like material refers to a flexible material such as paper, mat, or felt. With an eaves ventilation structure that places particulates made of endothermic substances in the back of the shed, the specific surface area is larger than when boards or sheets are placed, so the endothermic effect is more easily manifested. It is very effective in suppressing temperature rise.
(2) Since the endothermic start temperature of the endothermic substance is 50 to 400 ° C., it effectively absorbs the heat of the cabin against the occurrence of a fire, and reliably suppresses the temperature rise of the cabin. it can. In particular, the endothermic substances include gypsum, silica gel, zeolite, copper hydroxide, magnesium sulfate hydrate, aluminum sulfate hydrate, magnesium phosphate hydrate, iron phosphate, iron fluoride, and aluminum fluoride. It is preferable to use one or more of them. In the event of a fire, it is important not to ignite the woody part of the attic. However, when these materials are dehydrated by heating, an endothermic reaction occurs and moisture is generated, and the temperature of the attic is 100. The temperature is maintained at about 0 ° C., and the temperature below the flammability temperature (about 220 ° C.) of the wood of the roof can be maintained for a certain period of time, and high fire prevention performance can be exhibited. The outside temperature of the shed at the time of a fire is assumed to be 1000 ° C or higher, and there is a temperature gradient between the temperature of the hut and the part where the temperature rises greatly, such as near the eaves top plate. By arranging a substance having a high endothermic start temperature, fireproof performance can be effectively exhibited.
(3) When gypsum board, etc. is placed on the top of the eaves air vent part as in the past, the surface of the gypsum board is exposed to the flame (hot air) that tries to enter the back of the hut from the eave part air vent part. There is a risk of fire of board base paper (cardboard) affixed to the back side, but by placing the endothermic substance on the eaves top plate so that it does not touch the eaves aerial parting hardware as in the present invention. This combustion can be prevented.
(4) As in the present invention, the eave sky ventilation part is attached to the exterior plate, so that there is no opening on the windbreak plate side (anti-exterior plate side), and it is difficult for flame and hot air from the outside to enter. Further, if there is an endothermic substance on the side of the windbreak plate at this time, it is possible to suppress an increase in the temperature of the back of the cabin as compared with a structure having an opening on the side of the windbreak plate, and it is possible to improve the fireproof performance. Furthermore, since the hot air enters from the side of the exterior plate, the distance from the opening to the roof is far compared to the case where there is an opening on the side of the windbreak plate, and the space in which the air stays is widened. It is possible to easily provide a structure in which an increase in temperature due to heat absorption of the endothermic substance is reduced.
(5) In particular, when the eaves top plate is a calcium silicate board, it is preferable because the fireproof structure is excellent in strength.
(6) If the endothermic substance is formed into a tablet or pellet shape, it can be easily transported from the ground to the hut using a tablet loader or the like.
(7) If it is a construction method of the eave-top ventilation structure in which the molded body made of endothermic material is placed in the back of the hut, remove some eave-tops without removing all the eave-tops, Since the endothermic material is placed on top of it, and a construction method that fits a new eaves top plate instead of the removed eaves top plate is sufficient, it is not necessary to build a scaffolding necessary for construction, etc. Can be constructed.
(8) In particular, when using a granular material, the amount of heat absorption is determined by the amount of the granular material (for example, the spread thickness) placed in the back of the shed, so the amount of the granular material in response to the required amount of heat absorption (If a large amount of heat absorption is necessary, the amount of the granular material is increased so as to increase the thickness, and if the amount of heat absorption is small, the reverse is sufficient). In addition, it is possible to flexibly cope with the adjustment to make only a certain part on the eaves top plate thicker or thinner.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3 each show an eaves ventilation structure.
In this eaves ceiling ventilation structure, the eaves ceiling plate 10 is attached between the windbreak plate 50 and the exterior plate 40 that hangs down from the eaves edge so as to be supported by the eaves ceiling ventilation part 30 provided on the exterior plate 40. ing. In the present invention, in the event of a fire, in order to prevent heat from propagating through the eaves top plate 10 to the cabin 60 and the temperature in the cabin 60 to rise, the endothermic material molded body 20 is used. It absorbs the heat of the eaves top plate 10.

[Example 1]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing Example 1 and Example 2 according to the present invention.
First, Example 1 is an eaves ventilating structure using a sheet containing zeolite as an endothermic substance as a molded body of the endothermic substance. The concrete construction method is as follows.
(1) Fix the ventilation part to the building exterior with stainless steel screws.
(2) Calcium silicate eaves top plates are inserted into the insertion recesses of the ventilating part from the diagonally downward direction, leaving one piece per side of the building.
(3) Prepare a material in which a compact containing a plurality of sheets containing zeolite as an endothermic material is rolled into a roll, and put it into the back of the hut from the part where the eaves top plate is not installed. Lay down on the top of the eave.

[Example 2]
Next, Example 2 is an eave sky ventilation structure using a gypsum board as a molded body of an endothermic substance. The concrete construction method is as follows.
(1) Fix the ventilation part to the building exterior with stainless steel screws.
(2) The gypsum board is bonded to the eaves top plate made of calcium silicate so as not to come into contact with the eaves-top ventilation part, and the bonded product is inserted into the insertion recess of the ventilation part from the obliquely downward direction.
(3) Adjust the eaves top plate so that it is parallel to the ground, and fasten the opposite end of the parting hardware to the windbreak plate with a stainless steel nail.

By adopting the structure of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the combined actions and effects can be obtained as follows.
(1) Since there is no opening on the windbreak plate side where the temperature rises quickly, hot air is difficult to enter.
(2) There is a sheet or gypsum board containing zeolite on the side of the windbreak plate, and the temperature rise in the back of the cabin can be suppressed.
(3) Since the gypsum board is arranged on the eaves top plate so as not to come into contact with the eaves-top ventilation part, the burning of the base paper (cardboard) stuck on both sides of the gypsum board can be prevented.
(4) Since the hot air that passes through the ventilation part enters from the side of the exterior board, the distance to the roof is far longer than when the ventilation part is constructed on the side of the windbreak board, and it is easy to prevent the roof from spreading. .
(5) Since the distance to the roof is far compared with the case where the ventilation part is installed on the side of the windbreak plate, the air is easy to circulate in the back of the hut, and the temperature due to the endotherm of the zeolite-containing sheet or gypsum board The decrease can quickly propagate through the back of the hut, preventing a local temperature rise in the wood.

[Example 3]
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing Example 3 and Example 4 according to the present invention.
First, Example 3 is an eave sky ventilation structure using granular gypsum as a granular material having endothermic properties. The specific construction method is as follows.
(1) Fix the ventilation part to the building exterior with stainless steel screws.
(2) Insert the eaves top plate into the insertion recess of the ventilation part from diagonally below.
(3) Adjust the eaves top plate so that it is parallel to the ground, and fasten the opposite end of the parting hardware to the windbreak plate with a stainless steel nail.
(4) Leave at least one piece per side of the building where the eaves top plate is not inserted, and use this tablet tablet loader to transport the granular plaster onto the eaves top plate at the back of the hut and lay it down.
(5) For parts where the eaves top plate is not used, a stainless steel plain woven wire mesh is processed into a bag shape, and granular gypsum is prepared in it and placed on the eaves top plate and sealed. .

[Example 4]
Next, Example 4 is an eaves-ventilation structure using zeolite as a particulate material having endothermic properties. The specific construction method is as follows.
(1) Fix the ventilation part to the building exterior with stainless steel screws.
(2) Insert the eaves top plate into the insertion recess of the ventilation part from diagonally below.
(3) Adjust the eaves top plate so that it is parallel to the ground, and fasten the opposite end of the parting hardware to the windbreak plate with a stainless steel nail.
(4) One or more pieces per side of the building were left where the eaves top plate was not inserted, and granular zeolite was transported and spread on the eaves top plate at the back of the hut using a tablet loader.
(5) In the part where the eaves top plate is not used, a stainless steel plain woven wire mesh is processed into a bag shape, and the one containing granular zeolite is prepared and placed on the eaves top plate and sealed. .

By adopting the structure of the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment, the combined actions and effects can be obtained as follows.
(1) Since there is no opening on the windbreak plate side where the temperature rises quickly, hot air is difficult to enter.
(2) There is granular gypsum or granular zeolite on the side of the windbreak plate, and the temperature rise at the back of the hut can be suppressed.
(3) A large amount of granular gypsum or granular zeolite can be arranged on the side of the windbreak plate and the periphery of the aeration part, and the temperature rise in the back of the hut can be further suppressed.
(4) Since the hot air that passes through the ventilation part enters from the side of the exterior board, the distance to the roof is far longer than when the ventilation part is constructed on the side of the windbreak board, and it is easy to prevent the roof from spreading. .
(5) Since the distance to the roof is far compared to the case where the ventilation part is installed on the side of the windbreak plate, the air easily circulates in the back of the hut, and the temperature drop due to the endothermic heat of granular gypsum or granular zeolite Propagates quickly through the back, preventing local temperature rise in the wood.

[Example 5]
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing Example 5 and Example 6 according to the present invention.
First, Example 5 is the construction method of the eaves-top ventilation structure which uses a granular gypsum as an endothermic granular material. The specific construction method is as follows.
(1) Remove the installed eaves tops one by one for each side of the building (A).
(2) Using a tablet loader, transport and spread the granular plaster on the eaves top plate at the back of the hut (B).
(3) For the part where the eaves top plate is not used, a stainless steel plain woven wire mesh is processed into a bag shape, and granular gypsum is prepared in it, placed on the eaves top plate and sealed. (C).

[Example 6]
Next, Example 6 is the construction method of the eaves-top ventilation structure which uses a zeolite as an endothermic granular material. The specific construction method is as follows.
(1) Remove the installed eaves tops one by one for each side of the building (A).
(2) Using a tablet loader, the granular zeolite is transported and spread on the eaves top plate at the back of the hut (B).
(3) A stainless steel plain woven wire mesh was processed into a bag shape in the part where the top plate was not used, and the one with granular zeolite in it was prepared and placed on the eaves top plate and sealed ( C).

By setting it as the construction method of the said Example 5 and Example 6, a composite effect | action and effect can be obtained as follows.
(1) Remove only a part of the eaves top plate, and transport the heat-absorbing granular material (pellets, tablets, etc.) on the surrounding eaves top plate using a tablet loader, etc. The installation work can be done simply by inserting a new eaves top plate instead of the eaves top plate that was laid down on the top and then removed.
(2) In other words, in the conventional case, it is necessary to remove all the eaves top plates that have been constructed and replace them with new eaves top plates with high construction performance. The cost was very large, but by using the construction method of Example 4 and Example 5, there is no need to build a scaffold, and only the work (1) is required. Significant reduction of construction period and cost.

The present invention can be widely used for eave sky ventilation structures and construction work thereof.
Some construction methods can also be used for new construction.

It is explanatory drawing which showed Example 1 and Example 2 which concern on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed Example 3 and Example 4 which concern on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed Example 5 and Example 6 which concern on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which showed the prior art (patent document 1).

Explanation of symbols

10 eaves board 20 molded body of endothermic material 30 eaves parting metal fitting 40 exterior plate 50 windbreak plate 60 hut back

Claims (13)

  An eave-top ventilation structure having an eave-top board, wherein a board-like material, a sheet-like material, a granular material, or other molded body made of an endothermic material is arranged in the back of the hut.   2. The eaves-top ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the endothermic start temperature of the endothermic substance is 50 to 400 ° C. 3.   The endothermic substance is one of gypsum, silica gel, zeolite, copper hydroxide, magnesium sulfate hydrate, aluminum sulfate hydrate, magnesium phosphate hydrate, iron phosphate, iron fluoride, aluminum fluoride It consists of the above, The eave sky ventilation structure of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The eaves-top ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the eaves-top plate is supported by an eaves-top ventilation part.   The eaves top ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the eaves top plate is provided with a fire damper.   5. The eaves-top ventilation structure according to claim 4, wherein a board-like material, a sheet-like material, a granular material, or other molded body made of an endothermic substance is disposed so as not to contact the eaves-top ventilation parting material.   The eave sky ventilation structure according to claim 4 or 6, wherein the eave sky ventilation part is attached to the exterior plate.   The eaves top ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the eaves top plate is a calcium silicate board.   The eaves-ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a granular material made of an endothermic substance is formed into a pellet or a tablet.   In the construction method of the existing eaves ceiling ventilation structure with eaves top plates, some eaves top plates are removed, and board-like objects, sheet-like objects, and granules made of heat-absorbing material from the part where the eaves top plates are removed Construction method of eave sky ventilation structure characterized by arranging objects and other molded bodies.   The endothermic start temperature of an endothermic substance is 50-400 degreeC, The construction method of the eaves-top ventilation structure of Claim 10 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The endothermic substance is one of gypsum, silica gel, zeolite, copper hydroxide, magnesium sulfate hydrate, aluminum sulfate hydrate, magnesium phosphate hydrate, iron phosphate, iron fluoride, aluminum fluoride It consists of the above, The construction method of the eave sky ventilation structure of Claim 10 or 11 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The construction method of the eaves-air ventilation structure according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein a granular material made of an endothermic substance is formed into a pellet or a tablet.

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