JP2009187190A - Road/vehicle radio communication system, road side equipment and onboard equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a road/vehicle radio communication system for providing information valid for a user to many drivers. <P>SOLUTION: Road side equipment adds division ID showing the division of the object of distribution to distribution information as information to be distributed to onboard equipment, and transmits it to the onboard equipment by a slot for multi-address communication. Also, the road side equipment transmits designation ID for designating information to be provided by the onboard equipment to the user from the road side equipment side to the specific onboard equipment by the slot for individual communication (S210). Meanwhile, the onboard equipment stores the distribution information transmitted from the road side equipment by the slot for multi-address communication and the division ID in association. Also, the onboard equipment stores the designation ID transmitted from the road side equipment by the slot for individual communication (S215), and announces distribution information associated with the division ID corresponding to the designation ID designated by the road side equipment by the slot for individual communication among the distribution information stored in the onboard equipment (S220). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a road-to-vehicle wireless communication system and the like that select and provide optimal information according to the surrounding situation for each vehicle existing in a communication area to a driver.

  Conventionally, communication in a road-to-vehicle narrow area wireless communication (DSRC) system is roughly divided into two types of communication. One is individual communication in which a roadside device (so-called roadside machine) communicates only with a specific vehicle-mounted device among vehicle-mounted devices (so-called vehicle-mounted devices) mounted on a vehicle existing in a communication area. One is broadcast communication in which the roadside device distributes the same information to the in-vehicle device mounted on the vehicle existing in the communication area by downlink one-way communication.

  A typical service using individual communication is ETC, which exchanges information necessary for toll payment between a roadside machine installed at a toll gate on a toll road and an ETC on-board unit installed in the vehicle. Yes. Individual communication uses a dedicated communication slot that is assigned to perform two-way communication of data unique to each device, so that mutual authentication between road vehicles and important data encrypted with a specific key is exchanged. Is suitable. However, it is not suitable for a service that unilaterally transfers a large amount of data from the roadside device to the vehicle-mounted device.

  On the other hand, in broadcast communication represented by VICS, it is possible to transfer data from a roadside device to an in-vehicle device at high speed by assigning a downlink communication slot common to devices. Utilizing this feature, a service for providing information such as road traffic congestion information, traffic regulation information, and safety information such as obstacles ahead as clear image data has started. In particular, when it is necessary to provide information to a plurality of vehicles by wireless communication within a limited communication area, push-type information distribution using broadcast communication is an effective information providing means.

  In this way, in the push type information distribution service represented by VICS, regardless of whether there is an information request from the vehicle-mounted device (driver) or the running state of the vehicle on which the vehicle-mounted device is mounted, all of the information that exists in the communication area of the roadside device The same data is transmitted to the in-vehicle device. For this reason, there is a mechanism in which the driver is not notified even if the vehicle-mounted device receives distribution data such as road traffic information by reducing the volume of the vehicle-mounted device in advance. However, with this method, there is a concern that appropriate information that should originally be notified to the driver cannot be notified. Even if the driver wants to provide road traffic information, the problem is that information unnecessary for the driver, for example, information on the oncoming lane obtained by receiving weak radio waves at the end of the communication area is provided There is also.

Therefore, for example, whether the distribution data such as road traffic information received by the vehicle-mounted device is useful information is determined based on the current position and direction of the host vehicle, and information not necessary for the driver is not notified. A road traffic information display device is considered (see Patent Document 1).
JP-A-9-222335

  As in the road traffic information display device described in Patent Document 1, in the method of determining whether or not the information is useful, the display algorithm is determined in advance and a determination algorithm such as a determination item and a determination condition is determined and incorporated in the device. It must be kept in. If the determination method is complicated, the road traffic information display device needs a processing capability for performing the determination.

  In addition, in the road traffic information display device described in Patent Document 1, dynamic changes in the environment near the information providing location, such as changes in the shape of the road, road surface conditions, weather such as temperature / rainfall, traffic congestion conditions, and vehicle running conditions It is impossible to change the display control judgment algorithm in real time according to the combination.

  In addition, as in ETC, a method of generating useful individual distribution data for each vehicle and transmitting data using individual communication is also conceivable, but since the number of slots allocated within a unit time is limited, data There is a problem that only small information can be distributed. Further, when there are a large number of vehicles in the communication area, there is a concern that some vehicles may not be distributed due to empty slots.

  The present invention has been considered in view of such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a road-to-vehicle wireless communication system capable of providing a driver with more useful information for a user.

  The road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to claim 1, which has been made to solve the above problems, includes a roadside device and an in-vehicle device. Among these, the roadside device includes the roadside device-side first communication means for communicating with the in-vehicle device through the broadcast communication slot and the individual communication slot, and the distribution information that is information to be distributed to the in-vehicle device. The roadside device side broadcast slot control means for transmitting to the in-vehicle device by the broadcast slot and the information provided to the user from the roadside device side are designated from the roadside device side. Road-side device-side individual communication slot control means for transmitting the designated ID to a specific in-vehicle device through the individual communication slot. On the other hand, the in-vehicle device communicates with the roadside device through the broadcast communication slot and the individual communication slot, the in-vehicle device side communication means for storing information, and the user is notified of the information. In-vehicle device side broadcast slot control means for associating the distribution information transmitted from the roadside device with the broadcast slot and the section ID and storing them in the in-vehicle device side storage means, Of the distribution information stored in the in-vehicle device side storage means and the in-vehicle device side individual communication slot control means for storing the designated ID transmitted from the road side device by the individual communication slot in the in-vehicle device side storage means, for individual communication A notification control unit that causes the notification unit to notify the distribution information associated with the classification ID corresponding to the specified ID specified from the roadside device by the slot;

  According to such a road-to-vehicle wireless communication system, information to be notified only by a specific in-vehicle device can be transmitted by the broadcast slot, so that information to be notified only by a specific in-vehicle device is compared with the conventional case. More users can be notified. In-vehicle devices are relatively simple processing (designation specified from the roadside device by the slot for individual communication) without determining whether the information is useful information by using an algorithm based on various information. The distribution information associated with the ID corresponding to the ID is selected from the distribution information stored in the in-vehicle device storage means), and the information suitable for the vehicle on which the in-vehicle device is mounted is obtained. Can be notified.

  By the way, the information distributed by the roadside device may be information generated based on information acquired from the information distribution center, for example. That is, as described in claim 2, based on the information acquired from the information distribution center via the roadside device side second communication means and the roadside device side second communication means for communicating with the information distribution center, distribution is performed. The roadside device may be configured to further include distribution information generation means for generating information.

If it becomes like this, various distribution information can be produced | generated and distributed to a vehicle-mounted apparatus by acquiring various information from an information distribution center.
Moreover, it is good to acquire the information around the roadside device and generate distribution information. That is, as described in claim 3, the roadside device is configured to further include a detection unit that acquires information around the roadside device, and the distribution information generation unit uses the information acquired from the detection unit to distribute the information. Information should be generated.

If it becomes like this, the distribution information in which the peripheral information of the place where the roadside device is installed can be distributed to the in-vehicle device, and the value of the distribution information is further increased.
In addition, it is particularly preferable that the distribution information generating unit of the roadside apparatus generates the information whenever the information obtained from the information distribution center or the information obtained from the detecting unit changes. That is, as described in claim 4, the roadside device is configured to further include a roadside device side storage unit for storing the distribution information generated by the distribution information generation unit, and the distribution information generation unit of the roadside device includes: Each time there is a change in information used when generating distribution information (ie, information acquired from the information distribution center or detection means), distribution information to be distributed is generated and stored in the roadside device side storage means, and the roadside device side The broadcast slot control unit may transmit the distribution information stored in the roadside device storage unit to the in-vehicle device.

If it becomes like this, the production | generation frequency of delivery information can be optimized.
By the way, it is conceivable that the distribution information is diverse and includes information that is not related to the vehicle to be distributed. Therefore, as described in claim 5, the vehicle-mounted device includes information collecting means for collecting information obtained from the vehicle equipment of the vehicle on which the vehicle-mounted device is mounted and storing the information as vehicle-side information in the vehicle-mounted device-side storage means. The in-vehicle device side individual communication slot control means transmits the vehicle side information collected by the information collecting means and stored in the in-vehicle device side storage means to the road side device through the individual communication slot. Good. On the other hand, the roadside device may determine the designated ID based on the vehicle side information acquired from the in-vehicle device by the individual communication slot.

Thus, if the distribution information corresponding to the designated ID determined based on the vehicle-side information is notified, the user can obtain distribution information more suitable for the situation.
The in-vehicle device may transmit all the information obtained from the vehicle equipment to the roadside device, or the in-vehicle device may arbitrarily select and transmit, but in other cases For example, it is particularly preferable that the one specified by the roadside device is transmitted. That is, as described in claim 6, the road side device side broadcast slot control means transmits the specific information that can specify the type of vehicle side information to be transmitted to the in-vehicle device to the in-vehicle device through the individual communication slot. The in-vehicle device side individual communication slot control means collects information corresponding to the specific information transmitted from the road side device to the in-vehicle device among the vehicle-side information collected by the information collecting means and stored in the in-vehicle device side storage means. It is good to transmit to the roadside device by the slot for individual communication.

If it becomes like this, the vehicle side information unnecessary for determination of designation | designated ID will not be exchanged by communication, and the communication efficiency and the memory | storage efficiency of the memory | storage means of a roadside apparatus will increase.
By the way, the timing at which the information collecting means collects the vehicle-side information may be, for example, the following timing. In other words, the information collecting means collects vehicle-side information and stores it in the in-vehicle apparatus-side storage means when power supply to the in-vehicle apparatus is started and after every power supply. It is good to be (Claim 7).

  With this configuration, the vehicle-side information can be transmitted to the road-side device immediately after the power supply to the in-vehicle device is started, and the newness of the vehicle-side information to be transmitted can be kept constant thereafter.

  In addition, when the in-vehicle device further includes a card information acquisition unit that reads the card information from the terminal that stores the card information used for the payment process, the information collection unit also collects the card information acquired by the card information acquisition unit, It is good to memorize | store as vehicle side information in a vehicle-mounted apparatus side memory | storage means (Claim 8). The “terminal” here may be, for example, a magnetic card, an IC card, a PDA, or a mobile phone device. “Card information” is information recorded on an IC card or the like, for example, card type, credit card account contractor name, credit card account number, contractor classification information, And other information accompanying the contract.

  If it becomes like this, since the roadside apparatus can determine the delivery information transmitted to the vehicle-mounted apparatus of the said vehicle based on card information (for example, card classification), the value of delivery information increases more.

The card information acquisition means is particularly preferably configured to acquire card information by performing contactless communication with a terminal (claim 9).
Thus, if non-contact communication is performed with the terminal, the user can easily store the card information stored in the terminal in the in-vehicle device.

  By the way, it is conceivable that the distribution information is of a size that does not fit in the slots constituting the broadcast slot. Therefore, as described in claim 10, the roadside device side broadcast slot control means divides the distribution information and specifies a group ID for specifying the original distribution information and a position in the original distribution information. Is added to each piece of divided information, and each piece of the divided information is transmitted to the in-vehicle device by each slot constituting the broadcast slot, and the on-vehicle device side broadcast slot control is performed. The means may be configured to reconstruct the distribution information before the division based on the group ID and the division ID added to each received information.

  With this configuration, even distribution information having a size that does not fit in the slot constituting the broadcast communication slot can be transmitted to the in-vehicle device, and the in-vehicle device can notify the distribution information.

  In addition, the notification unit may be configured to notify the notification unit itself with a speaker, a display, or the like, but may be an interface that transmits distribution information to a notification device that is separate from the in-vehicle device. Good (claim 11).

  If it becomes like this, while a vehicle-mounted apparatus can be reduced in size, the alerting | reporting apparatus which already exists in a vehicle can be utilized, and the utilization efficiency of the apparatus which exists in a vehicle can be improved.

  By the way, the roadside apparatus in the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to claim 1 may be configured as a single unit and distributed in the market (claim 12). Even if the roadside device is configured as a single unit, the above-described effects can be obtained by combining it with a corresponding in-vehicle device. The same applies to the roadside apparatus in the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to any one of claims 2 to 11.

  Moreover, the vehicle-mounted apparatus in the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to claim 1 may be configured as a single unit and distributed in the market (claim 13). Even if the vehicle-mounted device is configured as a single unit, the above-described effects can be obtained by combining with the corresponding roadside device. The same applies to the in-vehicle device in the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to any one of claims 2 to 11.

  Embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various forms can be adopted as long as they belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

[Description of configuration]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a road-vehicle wireless communication system 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The road-to-vehicle wireless communication system 5 includes a roadside device 11, a detection device 21, an information distribution center 25, an in-vehicle device 31, an IC card 41, and a notification device 42.

(1) About the roadside apparatus 11 The roadside apparatus 11 is installed on the road, and although only one unit is depicted in FIG. 1, there are actually a plurality of roadside apparatuses 11 of the same type. The roadside device 11 is connected to a detection device 21 installed in the vicinity so that detection information and the like can be acquired from the detection device 21. Hereinafter, the configuration of the roadside apparatus 11 will be described in detail.

The roadside device 11 includes a first communication unit 12, a second communication unit 16, a radio unit 13, an antenna unit 14, a storage unit 15, and a control unit 19.
The first communication unit 12 is a part having a communication function with the detection device 21. Communication with the detection device 21 may be performed by wire or may be performed wirelessly.

  The second communication unit 16 is a part having a communication function with the information distribution center 25. Communication with the information distribution center 25 may be performed in a wired manner or wirelessly.

The wireless unit 13 may be a part having a wireless communication function by the in-vehicle device 31 and the DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication) via the antenna unit 14.
The antenna unit 14 is a DSRC communication antenna.

  The storage unit 15 includes a rewritable nonvolatile memory such as a hard disk and a flash memory. The storage unit 15 stores data, programs, and the like used when the control unit 19 executes processing, and also generates data generated by the processing. It is a part to memorize. The storage unit 15 is not limited to a non-volatile memory, and may be a volatile memory used by a program for work. The storage unit 15 may be configured integrally with the control unit 19.

  The control unit 19 is composed mainly of a well-known microcomputer comprising a CPU, ROM, RAM, SRAM, I / O and a bus line for connecting these components. Based on a program stored in the ROM or the like. Various processes are executed by comprehensively controlling the above-described units.

(2) About the detection device 21 The detection device 21 is installed in the vicinity of the roadside device 11, and includes a sensor 22 including an air temperature sensor, a wind speed sensor, a rainfall sensor, and the like, and a camera 23 that captures a road condition in the vicinity. Detection information obtained from the sensor 22 and video information obtained from the camera 23 are transmitted to the roadside device 11.

(3) Information Distribution Center 25 The information distribution center 25 has a function of accumulating traffic jam information, accident information, road regulation information, weather information, and the like, and distributing the accumulated information to the roadside device 11. The roadside device 11 is connected by wire or wireless.

(4) On-vehicle device 31 The on-vehicle device 31 is mounted on a vehicle. Although only one vehicle-mounted device 31 is illustrated in FIG. 1, a plurality of in-vehicle devices 31 are actually mounted on different vehicles. To do. Hereinafter, the configuration of the in-vehicle device 31 will be described in detail.

  The in-vehicle device 31 includes a wireless unit 32, an antenna unit 33, an operation unit 34, a storage unit 35, an AV interface 36, an IC card communication unit 37, an in-vehicle LAN communication unit 38, and a control unit 39. .

The wireless unit 32 may be a part having a wireless communication function using the DSRC with the roadside device 11 via the antenna unit 33.
The antenna unit 33 is a DSRC communication antenna.

The operation unit 34 includes a mechanical key switch, a touch panel, and the like, and receives various operation instructions from the user.
The storage unit 35 includes a rewritable nonvolatile memory such as a hard disk or a flash memory. The storage unit 35 stores information such as a device identification number and model number unique to the in-vehicle device 31, the size and weight of the vehicle on which the in-vehicle device 31 is mounted, and license plate information. The storage unit 35 stores data and programs used when the control unit 39 executes processing. Moreover, the memory | storage part 35 can also memorize | store the data produced | generated with a process. The storage unit 35 is not limited to a non-volatile memory, and may be a volatile memory. The storage unit 35 may be configured integrally with the control unit 39.

The AV interface 36 is an interface that outputs an audio signal and a video signal to the notification device 42.
The IC card communication unit 37 is a part having a communication function with the IC card 41. In the present embodiment, the IC card communication unit 37 and the IC card 41 perform contact communication, but may be short-range wireless communication. As the short-range wireless communication system, for example, a system called Type A or Type B, a Felica (registered trademark) system, a Bluetooth (registered trademark) system, or the like can be considered.

  The in-vehicle LAN communication unit 38 is a part having a communication function with various ECUs and sensors (not shown) connected to the in-vehicle LAN 43. As a communication method, for example, CAN, LIN, and the like are conceivable.

  The control unit 39 is composed mainly of a well-known microcomputer comprising a CPU, ROM, RAM, SRAM, I / O and a bus line connecting these components, and is based on a program stored in the ROM or the like. Various processes are executed by comprehensively controlling the above-described units.

(5) About the IC card 41 The IC card 41 is a card in which an IC chip for recording and calculation is incorporated, and can communicate with the in-vehicle device 31 in contact therewith. The IC card 41 has card information such as an internal configuration of the card, a credit card account contractor name, a credit card account number, contractor classification information, and other information associated with the contract in advance. It is remembered. The IC card 41 is not limited to contact communication, and may be configured to perform non-contact wireless communication.

(6) Notification device 42
The notification device 42 includes a speaker that outputs sound, a display that outputs video, and the like, and can notify the user of information received from the in-vehicle device 31. Note that the notification device 42 may be configured integrally with the in-vehicle device 31.

[Description of operation]
Next, the operation of the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system 5 will be described with reference to the ladder charts of FIGS.

  The control unit 19 of the roadside apparatus 11 performs the following processes of S105 to S120 every predetermined time (for example, every minute). In S <b> 105, information such as traffic jam information is acquired from the information distribution center 25 via the second communication unit 16. In S <b> 110, the detection information of the sensor 22 and the video information of the camera 23 are acquired from the detection device 21 via the first communication unit 12. In S115, it is determined whether or not the distribution information needs to be generated (or updated) based on the acquired information. Specifically, for example, (1) when there is a change in the traffic jam information acquired from the information distribution center 25, it is determined that it is necessary to generate (or update) the distribution information, or (2) from the detection device 21 When it is determined that the road surface is frozen based on the obtained temperature information and rainfall information and it is determined that the road surface is frozen, the distribution information needs to be generated (or updated). 3) It is determined that it is necessary to generate (or update) the distribution information when it is determined that the visibility has changed due to dense fog based on the illuminance information and the humidity information obtained from the detection device 21. (4) As a result of analyzing the video obtained from the detection device 21, it is determined that it is necessary to generate (or update) the distribution information when it is determined that there is a large change in the traffic volume, or (5) the detection device From 21 As a result of analyzing the recorded video, it is determined that it is necessary to generate (or update) distribution information when it is determined that a fallen object or an abnormally stopped vehicle has occurred on the road, or (6) obtained from the detection device 21 As a result of analyzing the recorded video, it is determined that it is necessary to generate (or update) distribution information when it is determined that a puddle has occurred on the road.

  As a result, when it is determined that the distribution information needs to be generated (or updated) (S115: Yes), the process proceeds to S120, and it is determined that the distribution information need not be generated (or updated). (S115: No), it waits until a predetermined time elapses and performs the processing from S105 again.

  In step S120, which is performed when it is determined that the distribution information needs to be generated (or updated), the distribution information is generated based on the information acquired in steps S105 and S110, and is classified into information types and stored in the storage unit 15. . Here, “segmentation” means that, for example, information for vehicles traveling in an overtaking lane is classified into Category A, and information for vehicles whose traveling speed is 80 km / h or more is classified into Category B. The information for vehicles whose headlamps are not turned on is classified into Category C, and the information for vehicles that can be paid by ETC for tolls is classified into Category D. When the distribution information is updated, the same kind of distribution information already stored in the corresponding category is replaced with the latest one. Further, the generation date and time is attached to the distribution information, and the distribution information after a predetermined time has been deleted from the storage unit 15.

  On the other hand, the control unit 39 of the in-vehicle device 31 acquires various types of information from an ECU, a sensor, or the like connected to the in-vehicle LAN 43 via the in-vehicle LAN communication unit 38 at predetermined time intervals (for example, every second) ( S125). Specific information to be acquired includes, for example, information related to vehicle operation such as the traveling speed, traveling lane, and direction of the vehicle on which the in-vehicle device 31 is mounted, on-vehicle equipment such as whether or not the headlight is turned on, and whether or not the wiper is activated. Information can be considered. When the control unit 39 acquires the information, the control unit 39 stores the information in the storage unit 35. Hereinafter, this information is referred to as vehicle side information.

  Moreover, if the control part 39 of the vehicle-mounted apparatus 31 detects that the IC card communication part 37 became communicable with the IC card 41, it will process the following S130-S140. In S <b> 130, configuration information indicating the internal configuration of the card is acquired from the IC card 41 via the IC card communication unit 37. Then, the card type is determined based on the configuration information (S135). As a result of the determination, for example, when it is determined that the card type is an ETC card, after completing a predetermined mutual authentication process between the in-vehicle device 31 and the IC card 41, the IC is communicated via the IC card communication unit 37. Card information necessary for settlement of charges such as contract information is acquired from the card 41 (S140). Then, the acquired card information is stored in the storage unit 35.

  Thereafter, when the vehicle on which the in-vehicle device 31 is mounted reaches a range in which communication with the roadside device 11 is possible, wireless communication is established between the roadside device 11 and the in-vehicle device 31 (S145), and the following processes of S150 to S220 are performed. Is done. Note that the wireless communication is realized by the control unit 19 of the roadside apparatus 11 controlling the wireless unit 13 and the control unit 39 of the in-vehicle device 31 controlling the wireless unit 32. A well-known method is used as a wireless communication establishment method.

  When the wireless communication is established, the control unit 19 of the roadside apparatus 11 attaches a classification ID that can identify the classification to all the distribution information that is classified and stored in the storage unit 15, and sets the wireless unit 13. To the vehicle-mounted device 31 (S150). The distribution information and the classification ID are transmitted by the broadcast communication slot in the communication frame. For this reason, it transmits also to the other vehicle-mounted apparatus 31 (The vehicle-mounted apparatus 31 other than the vehicle-mounted apparatus 31 currently demonstrated using FIG. 2) communicable with the roadside apparatus 11. FIG.

  Here, the configuration of the communication frame will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4A is a communication frame model for explaining the structure of the communication frame. The communication frame is composed of nine slots, and the slots are roughly classified into data communication slots and control slots. In the data communication slot, a plurality of MDSs (Message Data Slots) for exchanging data between road vehicles are arranged so as to be able to communicate with a plurality of mobile stations (on-vehicle device 31). On the other hand, the control slot includes control information necessary for road-to-vehicle communication, and stores FCMS (Frame Control) that stores the configuration information of the communication frame transmitted by the base station (roadside device 11) and the usage status of the communication slot. Message Slot) and an ACTS (Activation Slot) for requesting a communication connection from the mobile station (on-vehicle device 31) to the base station (roadside device 11) are arranged. The ACTS may not be present in the communication frame.

  FIG. 4B is a communication frame model for explaining an example of using MDS. In the model shown in FIG. 4B, slots corresponding to SCI (Slot Control Information) 1 to 6 in the MDS are broadcast slots and are used as slots exclusively for the downlink. The slot corresponding to is empty. The broadcast slot is a slot for transmitting data to all the in-vehicle devices 31 within the communication range of the roadside device 11.

  FIG. 4C is a communication frame model for explaining another use example of MDS. In the model shown in FIG. 4C, the slots corresponding to SCI 1 to 5 of the MDS are broadcast slots and are used as downlink slots, and the slots corresponding to SCI 6 and 7 are MDS slots. A slot for individual communication, which is used as an uplink slot or a downlink slot. SCI 8 is used as ACTS. The individual communication slot is a slot for performing individual communication with a specific in-vehicle device 31 within the communication range of the roadside device 11. In the individual communication, the roadside device 11 and the in-vehicle device 31 perform wireless communication. When established, the identification information of the slot to be used is determined.

  Each slot constituting such a communication frame is dynamically assigned a broadcast communication slot or an individual communication slot, and the individual communication slot is switched between the uplink and the downlink. used.

  Here, a delivery information transmission method will be described with reference to FIG. The distribution information includes character information, audio information, video information, and the like, and is large data compared to the slot size. Therefore, the control unit 19 of the roadside apparatus 11 divides the distribution information by the method described below, stores it in the broadcast communication slot, and transmits it to the in-vehicle apparatus 31.

  One slot for broadcast communication for transmitting distribution information has the configuration shown in FIG. That is, “slot information” consisting of information for identifying a slot and “group ID” for specifying distribution information before division (in other words, common to all pieces of divided distribution information for each piece of distribution information). ID), “division ID” that is a serial number assigned to each piece of divided distribution information, and “data” in which divided data and division IDs are stored.

  FIG. 5B shows the state of the slot when the distribution information is divided into n pieces and transmitted. In the first slot, “AAA” is stored in “Group ID”, “001” is stored in “Division ID”, and the first distribution information divided into the division ID is stored in “Data”. In the second slot, “AAA” is stored in “Group ID”, “002” is stored in “Division ID”, and the second distribution information divided into “Data” is stored. In the nth slot, “AAA” is stored in “Group ID”, “n” is stored in “Division ID”, and “n” of the divided distribution information is stored in “Data”. . Note that these slots may exist in the same communication frame or may exist in different frames.

  On the other hand, the control part 39 of the vehicle-mounted apparatus 31 which received such a slot assembles the distribution information before a division | segmentation based on group ID and division | segmentation ID. And the delivery information after an assembly is memorize | stored in the memory | storage part 35 with division ID. In addition, since the distribution information is repeatedly transmitted from the roadside device 11, when the vehicle stays in the communication area for a long time, the in-vehicle device 31 receives the same distribution information many times. For this reason, when the same distribution information is received, the distribution information may be discarded.

  Returning to FIG. 2, the control unit 39 of the in-vehicle device 31 that has received the communication frame extracts the distribution information from the broadcast slot of the received communication frame, assembles it as described above, and associates it with the category ID. To be stored in the storage unit 35 (S155).

  Subsequently, the control unit 19 of the roadside apparatus 11 transmits, as an acquisition request, specific information that can specify the type of vehicle-side information to be transmitted to the in-vehicle apparatus 31 to the in-vehicle apparatus 31 through the wireless unit 13 through the individual communication slot. (S160).

  The control unit 39 of the in-vehicle device 31 that has received the communication frame extracts the acquisition request from the individual communication slot of the received communication frame and recognizes the request. Then, the requested specific vehicle-side information is read from the storage unit 35 and transmitted to the roadside device 11 through the wireless unit 32 by the individual communication slot (S165).

The control unit 19 of the roadside apparatus 11 that has received the communication frame extracts the vehicle side information from the individual communication slot of the received communication frame and stores it in the storage unit 15 (S170).
Subsequently, the control unit 19 of the roadside device 11 transmits a card information acquisition request to the in-vehicle device 31 via the wireless unit 13 through the individual communication slot (S175).

  The control unit 39 of the in-vehicle device 31 that has received the communication frame extracts the acquisition request from the individual communication slot of the received communication frame and recognizes the request. And card information is read from the memory | storage part 35, and it transmits to the roadside apparatus 11 by the slot for individual communication via the radio | wireless part 32 (S180).

The control unit 19 of the roadside apparatus 11 that has received the communication frame extracts the card information from the individual communication slot of the received communication frame and stores it in the storage unit 15.
Next, the control unit 19 of the roadside device 11 transfers the distribution information classification to be notified to the vehicle-mounted device 31 currently communicating to the vehicle-side information received in S170, the card information received in S185, and the like. Based on the determination (S205). The “section” referred to here is a section about the distribution information stored in the storage unit 15 in S120. In addition, as a specific example of the method for determining the classification, for example, (1) if the vehicle on which the in-vehicle device 31 is mounted is traveling in an overtaking lane, the distribution information of the category A is notified to the in-vehicle device 31. (2) If the traveling speed of the vehicle on which the in-vehicle device 31 is mounted is 80 km / h or more, it is determined that the in-vehicle device 31 is notified of the distribution information of category B; 3) If the headlamp of the vehicle on which the in-vehicle device 31 is mounted is not lit, it is determined that the in-vehicle device 31 is notified of the distribution information of the category C, and (4) the in-vehicle device 31 is mounted. If the tolled vehicle can pay the toll by ETC, the vehicle-mounted device 31 is determined to notify the distribution information of section D.

  Subsequently, the control unit 19 of the roadside device 11 uses the determined section ID as an ID (designated ID) for specifying distribution information to be notified in the in-vehicle device 31 by using the individual communication slot via the wireless unit 13. (S210).

  The control unit 39 of the in-vehicle device 31 that has received the communication frame extracts the specified ID from the individual communication slot of the received communication frame, and stores the distribution information with the same classification ID as the extracted specified ID in the storage unit 35. The selected distribution information is selected (S215).

  Subsequently, the control unit 39 of the in-vehicle device 31 sends the selected distribution information to the notification device 42 via the AV interface 36 to be notified (S220). Specifically, for example, if (1) the designated ID is “Category A”, a message “This overtaking lane is under construction” and (2) the designated ID is “Category B”. If there is a speed limit of 40 km / h, please slow down the message. (3) If the specified ID is “Category C”, “Fog has been generated. Please turn on the headlamp. ”(4) If the specified ID is“ Category D ”, the message“ ETC lane is on the right side ”is displayed from the speaker of the notification device 42. The sound is output and displayed on the display of the notification device 42 with characters and graphics.

[Effect of the embodiment]
According to the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system 5, since information to be notified only by a specific in-vehicle device 31 can be transmitted by the broadcast slot, more useful information for a specific user than in the past can be obtained. Many notifications can be made. Further, in the in-vehicle device 31, the storage unit 35 stores the distribution information associated with the classification ID corresponding to the designated ID designated from the roadside device 11 by the individual communication slot as to whether the information to be notified. By selecting from the distribution information, notification can be made without making a determination based on a complicated algorithm.

  The roadside device 11 generates distribution information based on information acquired from the information distribution center and information acquired from the detection device 21 installed in the vicinity of the roadside device 11. Therefore, since the distribution information that is a variety of distribution information and reflects the information in the vicinity of the place where the roadside device 11 is installed (that is, information closely related to the vehicle) is distributed to the in-vehicle device 31, the user is valuable. You can get some information.

  In addition, information obtained from the vehicle equipment of the vehicle on which the in-vehicle device 31 is mounted is collected every predetermined time (for example, every 1 second) and stored in the storage unit 35 as vehicle-side information, and the stored vehicle-side information is stored. Is transmitted to the roadside device 11 by the individual communication slot after the communication with the roadside device 11 becomes possible. On the other hand, the roadside device 11 determines the designated ID based on the vehicle side information acquired from the in-vehicle device 31 by the individual communication slot.

  As described above, since the specified ID is determined based on the latest vehicle-side information (vehicle state) transmitted by the in-vehicle device 31, the information notified in the in-vehicle device 31 is also the latest vehicle-side information (vehicle state). ) Is reported. That is, the user can obtain distribution information suitable for the current situation.

  The roadside device 11 transmits specific information that can specify the type of vehicle-side information to be transmitted to the in-vehicle device 31 to the in-vehicle device 31 through the individual communication slot, and the in-vehicle device 31 is stored in the storage unit 35. Among the existing vehicle-side information, information corresponding to the specific information transmitted from the road-side device 11 to the in-vehicle device 31 is transmitted to the road-side device 11 through the individual communication slot.

  For this reason, it is possible to eliminate the vehicle-side information unnecessary for determining the designated ID from being transmitted from the in-vehicle device 31 to the roadside device 11, and to improve the communication efficiency and the storage efficiency of the storage unit 15 of the roadside device 11. it can.

  The in-vehicle device 31 reads the card information from the IC card 41 that stores the card information, stores the card information in the storage unit 35, and transmits the card information to the roadside device 11 in response to a request from the roadside device 11. The roadside device 11 determines the specified ID in consideration of card information (for example, card type).

For this reason, it is possible to notify distribution information that is more valuable to the user.
Further, the roadside device 11 divides the distribution information, adds a group ID for specifying the original distribution information and a division ID for specifying the position in the original distribution information to each divided information, Each of the divided pieces of information is transmitted to the in-vehicle device 31 by each slot constituting the broadcast communication slot. And the vehicle equipment 31 reconfigure | reconstructs the distribution information before division | segmentation based on group ID and division | segmentation ID which were added to each received information.

  For this reason, even distribution information having a size that does not fit in the slot constituting the broadcast communication slot is transmitted to the in-vehicle device 31, and the in-vehicle device 31 can notify the distribution information.

[Other Embodiments]
(1) In the above-described embodiment, an example in which one distribution information category to be notified to the in-vehicle device 31 is determined in S205. However, a plurality of categories may be selected and determined. And these determined divisions are transmitted to the in-vehicle device 31 as designated IDs, and the in-vehicle device 31 may notify distribution information of a plurality of categories.

  If this is the case, for example, after the distribution information of the above-mentioned category B (the message “Please decelerate because there is a speed limit of 40 km / h ahead”) is notified, Notification in which the distribution information is combined, such as distribution information (message that “ETC lane is on the right side”) is notified. On the other hand, the roadside device 11 acquires the card information from the in-vehicle device 31 and determines the specified ID. Therefore, for the in-vehicle device 31 of the vehicle that does not have an ETC card, the distribution information (B) described above ( It is possible to realize a flexible notification such as “only a message“ Because there is a speed limit of 40 km / h from now on, please decelerate ””).

  (2) In the above embodiment, an example of guidance for ETC by determining the card type has been described. For example, a specific card issuing company or a specific cardholder can be identified using a card number or expiration date information. You may make it provide information limitedly. In this way, it is possible to make a difference in the information provided between users, so that the card company can provide a special service to a specific card member.

[Correspondence with Claims]
The correspondence between the terms used in the description of the embodiment and the terms described in the claims is shown.
The wireless unit 13 and the antenna unit 14 correspond to roadside device side first communication means, the second communication unit 16 corresponds to roadside device side second communication means, and the control unit 19 performs roadside device side broadcast slot control. This corresponds to a means, a road control device side individual communication slot control means, and a distribution information generation means. The first communication unit 12 corresponds to a detection unit, and the storage unit 15 corresponds to a roadside device side storage unit.

  The wireless unit 32 and the antenna unit 33 correspond to the in-vehicle device side communication unit, the storage unit 35 corresponds to the in-vehicle device side storage unit, the AV interface 36 corresponds to the notification unit, and the control unit 39 includes the in-vehicle device side. It corresponds to a broadcast communication slot control means, an in-vehicle device side individual communication slot control means, an information collection means, and a notification control means. The IC card communication unit 37 corresponds to card information acquisition means.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a road-vehicle radio | wireless communications system. It is a ladder chart for demonstrating operation | movement of the road-vehicle radio | wireless communications system. It is a ladder chart for demonstrating operation | movement of the road-vehicle radio | wireless communications system. It is a communication frame model for demonstrating the structure of a communication frame. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating a mode that the delivery information was divided | segmented and transmitted by the slot for broadcast communication.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 ... Road-to-vehicle wireless communication system, 11 ... Roadside device, 12 ... 1st communication part, 13 ... Radio | wireless part, 14 ... Antenna part, 15 ... Memory | storage part, 16 ... 2nd communication part, 19 ... Control part, 21 ... Detection Device, 22 ... Sensor, 23 ... Camera, 25 ... Information distribution center, 31 ... In-vehicle device, 32 ... Radio unit, 33 ... Antenna unit, 34 ... Operation unit, 35 ... Storage unit, 36 ... AV interface, 37 ... IC card Communication part 38 ... In-vehicle LAN communication part 39 ... Control part 41 ... IC card 42 ... Notification device 43 ... In-vehicle LAN.

Claims (13)

A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system comprising a roadside device and an in-vehicle device,
The roadside device is
Roadside device side first communication means for communicating with the in-vehicle device through the broadcast communication slot and the individual communication slot;
For roadside device side broadcast communication that adds a division ID indicating a division of the distribution information to distribution information that is information distributed to the in-vehicle device, and transmits the distribution information to the in-vehicle device through the broadcast slot. Slot control means;
A roadside device side individual communication slot control means for transmitting a designation ID for designating the distribution information provided to the user from the roadside device side to the onboard device by the individual communication slot;
With
On the other hand, the in-vehicle device is
On-vehicle device side communication means for communicating with the roadside device by the broadcast communication slot and the individual communication slot;
Vehicle-unit side storage means for storing information;
An informing means for informing the user of information;
In-vehicle device side broadcast slot control means for associating and storing the distribution information transmitted from the roadside device by the broadcast slot and the classification ID in the in-vehicle device side storage means;
On-vehicle device side individual communication slot control means for storing the designated ID transmitted from the roadside device by the individual communication slot in the on-vehicle device side storage means;
Of the distribution information stored by the in-vehicle device storage unit, the distribution unit associated with the classification ID corresponding to the specified ID specified from the road device by the individual communication slot is sent to the notification unit. Notification control means for informing;
Providing
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. The road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to claim 1,
The roadside device includes roadside device side second communication means for communicating with an information distribution center;
Distribution information generating means for generating the distribution information based on information acquired from the information distribution center via the roadside device side second communication means;
Further comprising
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. In the road-vehicle wireless communication system according to claim 2,
The roadside device further comprises detection means for acquiring information around the roadside device,
The distribution information generating means generates the distribution information using the information acquired from the detection means;
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. In the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to claim 2 or claim 3,
The roadside device further includes a roadside device storage unit for storing the distribution information generated by the distribution information generation unit,
The distribution information generation unit of the roadside device generates the distribution information to be distributed and stores it in the roadside device side storage unit every time the information used when generating the distribution information changes.
The road side device side broadcast slot control means, causing the distribution information stored in the road side device side storage means to be transmitted to the in-vehicle device;
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. In the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The in-vehicle device further includes information collecting means for collecting information obtained from vehicle equipment of a vehicle on which the in-vehicle device is mounted, and storing the information in the in-vehicle device side storage means as vehicle side information,
The in-vehicle device side individual communication slot control means transmits the vehicle side information collected by the information collecting means and stored in the in-vehicle device side storage means to the road side device through the individual communication slot,
The road-side device-side individual communication slot control means determines the designated ID based on the vehicle-side information acquired from the in-vehicle device by the individual communication slot;
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. In the road-vehicle wireless communication system according to claim 5,
The road-side device-side individual communication slot control means transmits specific information that can specify the type of the vehicle-side information to be transmitted to the in-vehicle device to the in-vehicle device through the individual communication slot,
The on-vehicle device-side individual communication slot control unit is configured to transmit the specific information transmitted from the roadside device to the on-vehicle device out of the vehicle-side information collected by the information collecting unit and stored in the on-vehicle device side storage unit. Transmitting information corresponding to information to the roadside device by the individual communication slot;
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. In the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The information collecting means collects the vehicle-side information when the power supply to the in-vehicle device is started and at every predetermined interval after the power is supplied to the in-vehicle device-side storage means. Remembering,
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. In the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The in-vehicle device further includes card information acquisition means for reading card information from a terminal that stores card information used for payment processing,
The information collecting means also collects the card information acquired by the card information acquiring means, and stores the card information as the vehicle side information in the in-vehicle device side storage means;
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. The card information acquisition means according to claim 8 acquires card information by performing non-contact communication with the terminal,
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. In the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The roadside device side broadcast slot control unit divides the distribution information and divides a group ID for specifying the original distribution information and a division ID for specifying a position in the original distribution information. Added to each information, and each of the divided information is transmitted to the in-vehicle device by each slot constituting the broadcast slot,
The on-vehicle device side broadcast slot control means reconfigures the distribution information before division based on the group ID and the division ID added to the received information.
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. In the road-to-vehicle wireless communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The notification means is an interface for transmitting the distribution information to a notification device separated from the in-vehicle device;
A road-to-vehicle wireless communication system characterized by the above. Roadside device side first communication means for communicating with the in-vehicle device through the broadcast communication slot and the individual communication slot;
For roadside device side broadcast communication that adds a division ID indicating a division of the distribution information to distribution information that is information distributed to the in-vehicle device, and transmits the distribution information to the in-vehicle device through the broadcast slot. Slot control means;
A roadside device side individual communication slot control means for transmitting a designation ID for designating the distribution information provided to the user from the roadside device side to the onboard device by the individual communication slot;
A roadside device comprising: In-vehicle device side communication means for communicating with the roadside device by the broadcast communication slot and the individual communication slot;
Vehicle-unit side storage means for storing information;
An informing means for informing the user of information;
In-vehicle device side broadcast slot control means for associating and storing the distribution information transmitted from the roadside device by the broadcast slot and the classification ID in the in-vehicle device side storage means;
On-vehicle device side individual communication slot control means for storing the designated ID transmitted from the roadside device by the individual communication slot in the on-vehicle device side storage means;
Of the distribution information stored by the in-vehicle device storage unit, the distribution unit associated with the classification ID corresponding to the specified ID specified from the road device by the individual communication slot is sent to the notification unit. Notification control means for informing;
A vehicle-mounted device comprising: