JP2009183095A - Three-phase rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-phase rotating electric machine capable of efficiently attaining down-sizing and high output as well as high versatility. <P>SOLUTION: The rotating electric machine includes a stator 4 having radially arranged teeth 16 of 3×N pieces and a rotor 3 with armature coils 18 of 3×N pieces, each of which is wound around each of the teeth 16 by concentrated winding, and permanent magnets 8 of 5×N pieces, wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-phase rotating electric machine used for a motorcycle, for example.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a three-phase rotating electrical machine that is composed of three phases of a U phase, a V phase, and a W phase and is used as an electric motor or a generator is known as an electric motor.
This type of rotating electrical machine includes a stator and a rotor provided to be rotatable with respect to the stator. The stator includes an annular stator core, a plurality of teeth projecting radially from the stator core, and a coil wound around the teeth. On the other hand, the rotor includes a permanent magnet disposed so as to face the teeth.
Normally, coils are wound around the teeth of each phase in the same winding direction, and the teeth of the same phase are provided so as to face permanent magnets of the same polarity.
When used as an electric motor, a magnetic field is formed by supplying power to the coil, and the rotor is driven by a magnetic attractive force or repulsive force generated between the permanent magnet of the rotor. On the other hand, when used as a magnet generator, the magnetic flux flowing through the teeth changes as the rotor rotates, and this can be used as an electromotive force to obtain a three-phase sine wave current.

By the way, according to recent market needs, a small and high output three-phase rotating electric machine is required. For this reason, it is conceivable to increase the number of teeth of the stator by increasing the number of permanent magnets and reducing the size and output of the three-phase rotating electrical machine.
Here, in the case where the teeth of the same phase are arranged so as to face the permanent magnets of the same polarity, and the installation space of the three-phase rotating electrical machine is limited, it is simply permanent. If the number of magnets is increased or the number of teeth of the stator is increased, the number of magnetic poles and the number of stators are restricted, so that it is difficult to effectively increase the output. For this reason, in-phase teeth are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and these adjacent teeth are arranged so as to face each other at the same electrical angle as a permanent magnet having a different polarity to reduce the size and increase the output of the three-phase rotating electrical machine. There is what is going to be (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
WO03 / 098781 pamphlet

  However, in the above-described conventional technology, the in-phase teeth are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent teeth are arranged so as to be opposed to the permanent magnets of different polarities at the same electrical angle. There is a problem that the generality is low.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and provides a highly versatile three-phase rotating electrical machine that can efficiently achieve a small size and high output.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the invention described in claim 1 is directed to a stator in which 3 × N teeth are radially arranged, where N is a natural number of 1 or more, and concentrated winding on each of the teeth. It is characterized by comprising 3 × N coils wound by a method and a rotor having 5 × N magnetic poles.

  In the invention described in claim 2, the coils of each phase are continuously wound around the teeth of the same phase that exist every other two, and the teeth of the same phase are circumferentially arranged along the teeth. Winding is performed such that the winding direction is the forward direction and the reverse direction, and the teeth of the same phase are alternately arranged opposite to different magnetic poles.

  The invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the magnetic poles are 20 poles or more.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, although it is the same physique as the conventional three-phase rotary electric machine, multipolarization of a permanent magnet can be achieved, without making a stator into a special shape.
In addition, the coils wound around the teeth of the same phase are wound so that the winding direction is in the order of the forward direction and the reverse direction along the circumferential direction, and each coil is wound in the forward direction. And the coil wound in the opposite direction is arranged opposite to the different magnetic poles. Therefore, when a three-phase rotating electrical machine is used as a magnet generator, a three-phase sine wave current can be obtained.
Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly versatile three-phase rotating electrical machine that can efficiently achieve a small size and high output.

  In particular, when the number of magnetic poles is 20 or more, the frequency of the obtained current is increased, and the inductance of the coil increases. For this reason, when using a three-phase rotary electric machine as a magnet generator, it becomes possible to suppress an excess current and to reduce coil temperature.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the three-phase magnet generator 1, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the three-phase magnet generator 1.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a three-phase magnet generator 1 that is a three-phase rotating electric machine is an outer rotor type generator used in, for example, a motorcycle, and is fixed to the tip of a crankshaft 2 of an engine. And a stator 4 fixed to an engine case (not shown).

The rotor 3 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, and the crankshaft 2 is attached to a rotor boss 5 provided substantially in the center in the radial direction.
On the peripheral wall 7 of the rotor 3, 30 permanent magnets 8 are provided on the inner peripheral surface side so that the magnetic poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The number of permanent magnets 8 is set to satisfy 5 × N, where N is a natural number of 1 or more. Therefore, in this embodiment, N = 6 is set.
A plurality of protrusions 9 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface side. These protrusions 9 are for detecting the rotational positions of the crankshaft 2 and the rotor 3.

The stator 4 has an annular stator core 17. The stator core 17 is formed by laminating magnetic material plates in the axial direction, and a boss hole 15 into which the rotor boss 5 can be inserted is formed in the center in the radial direction. The stator core 17 has three screw holes 20 formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction for fastening and fixing the stator 4 to the engine case.
Further, the stator core 17 is provided with 18 teeth 16 extending radially outward in the radial direction.
That is, the number of teeth 16 is set to satisfy 3 × N, where N is a natural number of 1 or more. Therefore, in this embodiment, N = 6 is set.

  On the outer periphery of the stator 4, dovetail-shaped slots 19 are formed between adjacent teeth 16. The slot 19 serves as a coil receiving port for winding the armature coil 18 around the teeth 16. The slots 19 extend along the axial direction, and 18 slots 19 are formed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. In addition, an insulator 24 that is an insulating material is attached to each tooth 16, and an armature coil 18 is wound through the insulator 24.

  Here, three phases of U phase, V phase, and W phase are assigned to each tooth 16 in this order. That is, every two teeth 16 of the same phase are present. By winding the armature coil 18 around these teeth 16 in a concentrated winding manner, the U-phase coils U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6 and the V-phase coils V1, V2, V3, V4, V5. , V6 and W-phase coils W1, W2, W3, W4, W5, W6.

FIG. 3 is a schematic pole configuration diagram schematically showing the positional relationship between the teeth 16 and the permanent magnets 8 around which the coils U1 to W6 of each phase are wound. In FIG. 3, the description will be given with reference to the 30 permanent magnets 8 and the 18 teeth 16 along the circumferential direction. Also, the case where the winding direction of the armature coil 18 is the forward direction is CW (Clockwise), and the case where the armature coil 18 is reverse is CCW (Counter Clockwise).
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, coils U1 to U6, coils V1 to V6, and coils W1 to W6 having the same phase are wound continuously, and the winding direction is the forward direction and the reverse direction. Are wound in order.

More specifically, for example, in the case of the U-phase coils U1 to U6, the armature coil 18 is wound in the forward direction around the first tooth 16 corresponding to the coil U1 to form the coil U1. Subsequently, the armature coil 18 is pulled out from the slot 19 and wound around the fourth tooth 16 corresponding to the coil U2 in the reverse direction to form the coil U2. The remaining coils U3 to U6 are formed while repeating this in order.
That is, the armature coil 18 is wound in the forward direction in the coils U1, U3, U5 whose winding order is an odd number, and the coils U2, U4, U6 in which the winding order is an even number. An armature coil 18 is wound in the reverse direction.

The V-phase coils V1 to V6 and the W-phase coils W1 to W6 are also wound in the same manner as the U-phase coils U1 to U6.
That is, the V-phase coils V1 to V6 each have the armature coil 18 continuously wound around the corresponding teeth 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, and 17 and the coils V1, V3, and V3, respectively. In V5, the armature coil 18 is wound in the forward direction, and in the coils V2, V4, and V6, the armature coil 18 is wound in the reverse direction. The W-phase coils W1 to W6 have armature coils 18 continuously wound around the corresponding teeth 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 and coils W1, W3, and W6, respectively. In W5, the armature coil 18 is wound in the forward direction, and in the coils W2, W4, W6, the armature coil 18 is wound in the reverse direction.

The teeth 16 around which the coils U1 to W6 of each phase are wound are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the teeth 16 of the same phase are alternately arranged opposite to the permanent magnets 8 having different magnetic poles.
For example, the teeth 16 around which the U-phase coils U1 to U6 are wound are in a state in which the first, seventh and thirteenth teeth 16 of the coils U1, U3 and U5 are arranged opposite to the S-pole permanent magnet 8. . On the other hand, the 4th, 10th, and 16th teeth 16 of the coils U2, U4, and U6 are in a state of being arranged to face the N-pole permanent magnet 8.

  The same applies to the teeth 16 of the V-phase coils V1 to V6 and the teeth 16 of the W-phase coils W1 to W6. That is, in FIGS. 1 and 3, the teeth 16 of the V-phase coils V1 to V6 and the teeth 16 of the W-phase coils W1 to W6 are not opposed to the permanent magnet 8 for each magnetic pole. When any one of the teeth 16 is in a state of being opposed to one permanent magnet 8, all the teeth 16 in phase with the facing teeth 16 are in a state of being opposed to the permanent magnet 8 for each magnetic pole. And the teeth 16 of the same phase are opposed to the permanent magnets 8 having different magnetic poles.

Next, the operation of the three-phase magnet generator 1 of this embodiment will be described.
First, when an engine (not shown) is started, the rotor 3 rotates through the crankshaft 2 and the permanent magnet 8 provided on the peripheral wall 7 of the rotor 3 moves. Then, an electromotive force is generated in the coils U1 to W6 of each phase due to a change in magnetic flux due to the movement of each permanent magnet 8, and a current flows through the armature coils 18 forming the coils U1 to W6.

  Here, only the U-phase coils U1 to U6 will be described. For example, when in the state shown in FIG. 1, the coils U1, U3, and U5 are respectively opposed to the S-pole permanent magnet 8. On the other hand, the coils U2, U4, U6 are in a state of facing the N-pole permanent magnet 8, respectively. For this reason, the directions of magnetic fluxes acting on the coils U1, U3, U5 and the coils U2, U4, U6 are different. However, since the winding directions of the armature coil 18 are different between the coils U1, U3, U5 and the coils U2, U4, U6, the resulting armature coil 18 that forms the U-phase coils U1 to U6 includes: Current flows in the same direction at each location.

The armature coil 18 that forms the V-phase coils V1 to V6 and the armature coil 18 that forms the W-phase coils W1 to W6 are also similar to the armature coil 18 that forms the U-phase coils U1 to U6. A current flows from an electromotive force generated by a change in magnetic flux caused by the movement of the permanent magnet 8.
However, the teeth 16 around which the V-phase coils V1 to V6 are wound, that is, the Nos. 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, and 17 teeth 16 in FIG. 3 are wound with the U-phase coils U1 to U6. It exists in the position shifted | deviated to the circumferential direction with respect to the teeth 16 which are, ie, the 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16th teeth 16 in FIG. Similarly, the teeth 16 around which the W-phase coils W1 to W6 are wound, that is, the third, sixth, ninth, twelfth, fifteenth, and eighteenth teeth 16 in FIG. It exists in the position which shifted | deviated to the circumferential direction with respect to the teeth 16 currently wound.
For this reason, the phases of the currents flowing through the armature coils 18 of the V-phase coils V1 to V6 and the W-phase coils W1 to W6 are shifted by the amount of the deviation. Therefore, the three-phase magnet generator 1 as a whole can obtain a three-phase sine wave current.

Therefore, according to the above-described embodiment, the permanent magnet 8 can be multipolarized without making the stator 4 a special shape while having the same physique as the conventional three-phase rotating electric machine.
Moreover, the coils U1 to U6, the coils V1 to V6, and the coils W1 to W6 wound around the in-phase teeth 16 are arranged so that the winding direction is in the order of the forward direction and the reverse direction along the circumferential direction. It is wound. Also, coils U1, U3, U5, V1, V3, V5, W1, W3, W5 wound in the forward direction and coils U2, U4, U6, V2, V4 wound in the reverse direction, respectively. V6, W2, W4, and W6 are opposed to the permanent magnets 8 having different magnetic poles. For this reason, the three-phase magnet generator 1 as a whole can obtain a three-phase sine wave current. Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly versatile three-phase magnet generator 1 that can efficiently achieve a small size and high output.

  In particular, when 30 permanent magnets 8 are provided and the number of magnetic poles is 20 or more as in this embodiment, the frequency of the obtained current is increased, and thus the inductances of the coils U1 to W6 are increased. For this reason, it becomes possible to suppress an excess current and to reduce the temperature of the coils U1 to W6.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes various modifications made to the above-described embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Moreover, although the above-mentioned embodiment demonstrated the case where a three-phase rotary electric machine was the three-phase magnet generator 1, it is not restricted to this, You may use a three-phase rotary electric machine as an electric motor. In this case, current is supplied to the coils U1 to W6 of each phase from the outside, and the coils U1, U3, U5, V1, V3, V5, W1, W3, W5 wound in the forward direction, respectively. The coils U2, U4, U6, V2, V4, V6, W2, W4, and W6 wound in the opposite direction are disposed opposite to the permanent magnets 8 having different magnetic poles, so that each permanent magnet 8 and each coil U1 Appropriate magnetic attractive force or repulsive force acts between ˜W6 and the rotor 3 can be rotated.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the coils U1, U3, U5, V1, V3, V5, W1, W3, W5 are wound in the forward direction, and the coils U2, U4, U6, V2, V4, V6, W2, W4 are wound. The case where W6 is wound in the reverse direction has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The coils U2, U4, U6, V2, V4, V6, W2, W4, W6 are wound in the forward direction, and the coils U1, U3, U5, V1, V3, V5, W1, are wound. W3 and W5 may be wound in the opposite direction.
Moreover, the case where the armature coil 18 was wound in order in the circumferential direction in succession to the teeth 16 of the same phase was described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the armature coil 18 may be wound around the teeth 16 of the same phase in the order of the forward direction and the reverse direction along the circumferential direction.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where 30 permanent magnets 8 are provided on the rotor 3 and 18 teeth 16 are provided on the stator 4 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. When N is a natural number of 1 or more, the number of permanent magnets 8 is set to satisfy 5 × N, and the number of teeth 16 is set to satisfy 3 × N. It only has to be.

It is a top view of the three phase magnet generator in the embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the three-phase magnet generator in embodiment of this invention. It is a pole structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 3-phase magnet generator (3-phase rotating electrical machine)
3 Rotor 4 Stator 5 Rotating shaft 8 Permanent magnet (magnetic pole)
16 Teeth 18 Armature coil (coil)
U1-W6 coil

Claims (3)

When N is a natural number of 1 or more,
A stator in which 3 × N teeth are radially arranged;
3 × N coils wound around each tooth by a concentrated winding method,
A three-phase rotating electrical machine comprising a rotor having 5 × N magnetic poles. Each phase coil is
It is continuously wound around each tooth of the same phase that exists every other two,
Wound around the teeth of the same phase along the circumferential direction so that the winding direction is in the order of the forward direction, reverse direction,
2. The three-phase rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the teeth of the same phase are arranged opposite to different magnetic poles alternately. The three-phase rotating electric machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of magnetic poles is 20 or more.

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