JP2009166176A - Water-soluble coolant cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-soluble coolant cleaning device which retrieve positive ions, metal particles, and foreign substance particles in a water-soluble coolant by deposition and absorption to maintain the capability of the water-soluble coolant for a long period, allows an electrode plate to be used for a long period, and performs stable deposition retrieval and absorption retrieval. <P>SOLUTION: A supply means 10 supplies the water-soluble coolant 5 containing positive ions and metal particles to an electrolytic bath 120, where the water-soluble coolant 5 flows along cathode plates 31 and 32 and an anode plate 41, and then a direct current is supplied to the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41. This causes an electrolysis action, by which positive ions and metal particles are deposited on or absorbed to the cathode plates 31 and 32. When the electrolysis action is over, the water-soluble coolant 5 is discharged from the electrolytic bath 120. Subsequently, the direction of the current is reversed to peel or separate substances deposited on and absorbed to the cathode plates 31 and 32 and anode plate 41. The current is then cut off so that a retrieving means 100 precipitates the substances peeled or separated in an electrolytic unit 121 into a precipitation unit 122. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cation or a mixed metal fine particle dissolved in a water-soluble cutting fluid or water-soluble grinding fluid (hereinafter collectively referred to as a water-soluble coolant) used in a cutting machine or a grinding machine. The present invention relates to a water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus used for a water-soluble coolant such as an emulsion type that needs to remove water.

As a prior art coolant purification device, a device that recovers and removes metal ions in coolant supplied to a machine tool of a machine tool to purify the coolant, and a direct current is stored in a storage tank provided in a coolant circulation path. There is disclosed a coolant purifying apparatus in which at least a pair of a cathode and an anode connected to a power source are arranged, and metal ions are deposited and collected on the cathode surface by electrochemical action (for example, Patent Document 1). reference.).
JP 2002-11661 A

  However, since the water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus of Patent Document 1 has a pair of a cathode and an anode, the electrolysis only affects only one cathode and one anode facing each other, and deposits cations. There is a problem that the ability to make is low.

  In addition, since a stirrer is provided to make the cation distribution in the water-soluble coolant uniform, the cation is recovered at the cathode, and the treated liquid whose cation concentration is reduced is It is mixed with the untreated liquid and supplied again between both electrodes. As a result, there is a problem that cations cannot be collected and recovered efficiently.

  In addition, when a current is passed through the cathode and anode facing each other with a water-soluble coolant interposed therebetween, the current is concentrated at the corners of each electrode and flows oppositely. For this reason, cations are favorably deposited on the periphery of the rectangular plate electrode, but the current density is lower than the periphery in a wide central portion. As a result, there is a problem that the deposition efficiency is poor for a large area.

  Further, when the cations deposited on the cathode plate grow and expand, there is a problem that the cathode plate is short-circuited to the adjacent anode plate and thereafter cannot be collected.

  In addition, when a constant voltage power supply is used as a DC power supply, if the cation concentration in the liquid is thin and the electric resistance is large, the current value decreases, and conversely, the cation concentration in the liquid is high and the electric resistance is small. A large current flows through. Therefore, there is a problem that a predetermined current value required when necessary cannot be obtained, and precipitation recovery and adsorption recovery are not stable.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and maintains the performance of the water-soluble coolant for a long period of time by precipitating and adsorbing and recovering cations, metal fine particles and foreign particles in the water-soluble coolant, and electrode plates It is an object of the present invention to provide a precipitation water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus that can be used for a long period of time and in which precipitation recovery and adsorption recovery are stable.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus that removes at least one of cations dissolved in a water-soluble coolant and mixed metal fine particles, and is immersed in the water-soluble coolant. A cathode plate connected to one pole of the DC power source and an anode plate connected to the other pole, and a fixture for installing the cathode plate and the anode plate facing each other,
An electrolytic cell in which water-soluble coolant supplied by the supply means is discharged through a through hole provided in the cathode plate and a through hole provided in the anode plate, and polarity changing means for reversing the polarity of the cathode plate and the anode plate And a collecting means for separating or separating at least one of the cathode plate and the substance deposited and adsorbed on the surface of the anode plate and depositing it on the bottom side of the electrolytic cell.

  Further, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the collecting means includes a precipitation part located below the electrolysis part in which the water-soluble coolant in which the cathode plate and the anode plate are arranged, and an electrolytic cell as the electrolysis part and the precipitation part. The partition member which has a channel | path which divides and a substance passes, and the opening-and-closing means which opens and closes a channel | path are provided.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the facing surface of at least one of the cathode plate and the anode plate is disposed to face the facing surface of the other electrode plate.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the cathode plate and the anode plate are provided with a plurality of through-holes having a size that ensures deposition performance and adsorption performance and is not clogged by substances.

  In the invention according to claim 5, the cathode plate and the anode plate are provided at an interval in which the deposition performance and the adsorption performance are ensured and the cathode plate and the anode plate are not short-circuited.

  In the invention according to claim 6, the DC power source is a constant current DC power source.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, when the DC power supply is turned on and a current of a predetermined value is applied to the cathode plate and the anode plate facing each other for a predetermined time, the cation dissolved in the water-soluble coolant is caused by electrolytic action. Deposited and collected on the cathode plate. Metal particles and foreign particles floating in the water-soluble coolant are adsorbed and collected on both electrode plates by the Coulomb force in the electric field. After energization for a predetermined time, the current flow is changed in the reverse direction by the polarity changing means. That is, the polarity of the cathode plate and the anode plate is reversed, and at least one of the substances deposited and adsorbed on the surfaces of the cathode plate and the anode plate before the inversion is peeled or separated. The separated substance is collected and collected by gravity in the sedimentation section on the bottom side of the electrolytic cell by the collecting means, and one cycle of purification is completed. Thereafter, the purification cycle is repeated again. It is not necessary to make the cation concentration uniform by mixing the liquid after the treatment by the liquid agitator of the prior art and the untreated liquid. Therefore, a water-soluble coolant having a low cation concentration and a low content of metal fine particles and foreign particles can be discharged from the electrolytic bath and supplied to a processing machine such as a cutting machine or a grinding machine. As a result, it is possible to provide a water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus that maintains the performance of the water-soluble coolant for a long period of time.

  Further, as described above, the polarity of the cathode plate and the anode plate is reversed, and at least one of the substances deposited and adsorbed on the surface of the cathode plate and the anode plate before the reversal is separated or separated, and electrolysis is performed by the recovery means. Precipitate by gravity at the bottom of the tank and collect. As a result, both the surfaces of the cathode plate and the anode plate are free of deposits and adhering substances and the original metal ingot is exposed, and the opposing surfaces of both electrode plates can be maintained at an appropriate distance without short-circuiting each other. It is possible to provide a water-soluble coolant purification device that can use the electrode plate for a long period of time.

  Furthermore, by making the cathode plate and the anode plate face each other at an appropriate interval, it is possible to provide a water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus in which precipitation recovery and adsorption recovery are stable with a DC power source having an appropriate capacity.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 2, the recovery means includes a precipitation part positioned below the electrolysis part in which the water-soluble coolant in which the cathode plate and the anode plate are arranged, and the electrolytic cell as an electrolysis part and a precipitation part. The partition member which has the channel | path which partitions off and a substance passes, and the opening-and-closing means which opens and closes a channel | path are provided. Therefore, the substance peeled or separated from both electrode plates in the peeling process (opening / closing means: open, DC power source: reverse direction on) starts to pass through the passage and precipitate in the precipitation part. In the subsequent precipitation step (opening / closing means: open, DC power source: off), the material separated and separated in the electrolysis part is precipitated and collected in the precipitation part by gravity. As a result, in the adhesion process (opening / closing means: closed, DC power supply: positive direction on), the water-soluble coolant with a small amount of cations, metal fine particles and foreign particles is discharged from the electrolytic cell for a long period of time without being replaced. It can be supplied to workpieces of grinding machines.

  In the invention described in claim 3, the facing surface of at least one of the cathode plate and the anode plate is disposed to face the facing surface of the other electrode plate. Accordingly, by using both surfaces of at least one of the cathode plate and the anode plate as opposed surfaces for electrolysis and arranging the both surfaces so as to face the opposed surfaces of the other electrode plate, cation precipitation is achieved. It is possible to provide a water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus that can efficiently perform separation and separation, adsorption and separation of fine metal particles and foreign particles, and maintain the performance of the water-soluble coolant for a long period of time.

  Further, in the invention described in claim 4, when an electrolytic action is applied between the cathode plate and the anode plate facing each other with a water-soluble coolant interposed therebetween, the current is concentrated at the corners of the electrode plate. In the present invention, a plurality of through-holes are provided which ensure the performance of precipitation and adsorption and are not clogged by the precipitated and adsorbed substances. Accordingly, by distributing the through holes substantially evenly over the entire surfaces of both electrode plates, a current flows substantially evenly (as viewed macroscopically over the entire surface of the electrode plates), and the water-soluble coolant flows smoothly. As a result, it is possible to efficiently deposit and adsorb cations, metal fine particles and foreign particles.

  In the invention described in claim 5, the electrical conductivity of the water-soluble coolant changes every moment depending on the concentration of the cation contained in the water-soluble coolant and the concentration and type of the surfactant. Along with this, the energization conditions (voltage value and current value) between the anode plate and the cathode plate with the water-soluble coolant interposed therebetween change every moment, and the energization conditions also change depending on the distance between the cathode plate and the anode plate. Therefore, the opposing surfaces of the cathode plate and the anode plate ensure the performance of deposition and adsorption, and the energization conditions are constant by installing the cathode plate and the anode plate at a predetermined interval so as not to short-circuit the deposited and adsorbed substances. Stable to range. As a result, it is possible to provide a water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus in which precipitation recovery and adsorption recovery are stable with a DC power source having an appropriate capacity.

  In the invention described in claim 6, the electrolytic action or Coulomb force is proportional to the current value. The DC power supply is a constant current DC power supply, and a constant current flows between the cathode and anode plates regardless of the concentration of cations in the soluble coolant. Can be provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  The water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus according to the present invention is used for a water-soluble coolant that needs to remove cations dissolved in the water-soluble coolant or mixed metal fine particles, so-called emulsion type and soluble type water-soluble coolants. An example of a reactive coolant is illustrated.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus. The water-soluble coolant purification apparatus 1 in FIG. 1 is configured by connecting a coolant supply unit 2 and a coolant purification unit 3 to a supply pipe 13 and a discharge pipe 14.

  The coolant supply unit 2 includes a storage tank 15 containing the water-soluble coolant 5, supply means 10 for sending the water-soluble coolant 5 to the coolant purification unit 3, and a workpiece (not shown) of a processing machine (not shown). It is comprised from the circulation pump 16 provided with the return side circulation pipe 17 which supplies the water-soluble coolant 5, and the return side circulation pipe 18. As shown in FIG. The processing machine is a cutting machine or a grinding machine. The water-soluble coolant 5 is a water-soluble cutting fluid in the case of a cutting machine, and a water-soluble grinding fluid in the case of a grinding machine. Both the water-soluble cutting fluid and the water-soluble grinding fluid are collectively referred to as a water-soluble coolant.

  The supply means 10 includes a supply pump 11, a suction pipe 12 provided on the suction side and a discharge side of the supply pump 11, a supply pipe 13, and a discharge pipe 14 that communicates the electrolytic cell 120 and the storage tank 15. Composed.

  The coolant purifying unit 3 includes an electric system and a mechanical system. The electric system includes a control device 21 (polarity changing means), a DC power source 22, cathode plates 31, 32, an anode plate 41, and electric wires 23, 24 connecting the electrode plates 31, 32, 41 and the DC power source 22, respectively. , 25. The DC power supply 22 is a constant current DC power supply with a constant current.

  The mechanical system includes an electrolytic bath 120 to which the water-soluble coolant 5 of the storage tank 15 is supplied by the supply means 10, a fixture 130 that is provided in the electrolytic bath 120 and fixes the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41. The collection unit 100 provided in the tool 130 and the discharge unit 50 provided below the collection unit 100 are configured. The water-soluble coolant 5 supplied to the electrolytic bath 120 contains a large amount of cations dissolved in the processing or mixed metal fine particles or foreign particles during processing.

  The fixture 130 is made of a substantially U-shaped insulating material. The bottom plate 131 (partition member) of the fixture 130 is provided with a precipitation part 122 located on the bottom side of the electrolytic cell 120 and an upper side of the precipitation part 122, provided with cathode plates 31, 32 and an anode plate 41. The electrolytic cell 120 is partitioned into an electrolysis part 121 through which the water-soluble coolant 5 flows.

  The collecting means 100 includes a bottom plate 131 having a passage 132, a valve 110 (opening / closing means) for opening and closing the passage 132, and a sedimentation unit 122. The valve 110 is opened and closed by swinging and rotating about a hinge 111 provided on the valve 110 as a fulcrum.

  The discharge means 50 includes a first discharge valve 51 provided at the lower end of the precipitation unit 122, an intermediate reservoir 53 connected to the first discharge valve 51 and positioned below the first discharge valve 51, and an intermediate reservoir 53. And a second discharge valve 52 located on the lower side of the intermediate reservoir 53. Below the discharge port 52a of the second discharge valve 52, the container 4 is disposed in a timely manner.

  The lower side of each of the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 is inserted into a groove 133 provided in the bottom plate 131. Both facing surfaces 41 a and 41 b of the anode plate 41 face the facing surface 31 a of the cathode plate 31 and the facing surface 32 a of the cathode plate 32, respectively. The cathode plates 31, 32 and the anode plate 41 are provided with a plurality of through holes 33, 34, 42, respectively.

  FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the cathode plate 31 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the cathode plate 31 is provided with a plurality of through holes 33 substantially evenly over the entire surface. Similarly to the cathode plate 31, the cathode plate 32 and the anode plate 41 are also provided with the through holes 34 (FIG. 1) and the through holes 42 (FIG. 1) substantially uniformly over the entire surface. As will be described later, the diameters of the through holes 33, 34, 42 ensure the deposition performance and adsorption performance of the cathode plate 32 and the anode plate 41, so It is a size that does not clog.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the fixture 130 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the fixture 130 is substantially U-shaped, and includes a bottom plate 131 on the lower side of the fixture 130 and side plates 134 and 135 that rise from both sides of the bottom plate 13.

  4 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the sides of the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 are mounted and fixed in grooves 136 provided in the side plate 134 and grooves 137 provided in the side plate 135, respectively. As described above, the facing surface 31a of the cathode plate 31 and the facing surface 32a of the cathode plate 32 face the facing surface 41a and the facing surface 41b of the anode plate 41, respectively.

  The outer side surface of the side plate 134 and the outer side surface of the side plate 135 are fixedly coupled to the inner surface of the electrolytic cell 120. The water-soluble coolant 5 supplied from the supply pipe 13 by the supply means 10 (FIG. 1) flows only in the opening range L between the inner side surface of the side plate 134 and the inner side surface of the side plate 135. That is, the water-soluble cooling water 5 extends over the opening range L in sequence, the flow path 138 between the side plate 134 and the side plate 135, the through hole 33 (FIG. 1) of the cathode plate 31, and the gap between the cathode plate 31 and the anode plate 41. The gap channel 139 formed in the through hole 42 (FIG. 1) of the anode plate 41, the gap channel 140 formed in the gap between the cathode plate 32 and the anode plate 41, and the channel between the side plate 134 and the side plate 135. 141, and is discharged from the discharge pipe 14.

  The bottom plate 131, which is a partition member in the embodiment of FIG. 1, forms the fixture 130 integrally with the side plates 134 and 135. However, the bottom plate 131, the side plate 134, and the side plate 135 are separately provided. Alternatively, the side plate 134 and the side plate 135 may be provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate 131. In this case, the side plate 134 and the side plate 135 may be connected to each other above or above the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 with a horizontal beam interposed therebetween.

  Further, the outer side surfaces of the side plates 134 and 135 of the substantially U-shaped fixture 130 are placed on the inner surface of the electrolytic cell 120 so that the substantially total flow rate of the water-soluble coolant 5 is limited to the opening range L of the fixture 130. However, the side plates 134 and 135 of the fixture 130 may not be provided, and only the bottom plate 131 of the fixture 130 may be provided. In this case, if the electrolytic cell 120 is an insulating material, it arrange | positions so that the both sides of the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the both sides of the anode plate 41 may touch the inner peripheral surface of the electrolytic cell 120. And what is necessary is just to fix each electrode plate 31, 32, 41 with a fixing tool above the liquid level of the water-soluble Coolant 5 of the electrolytic cell 120. FIG. Further, if the electrolytic cell 120 is a conductive material, an insulating material may be provided between both sides of the cathode plates 31 and 32 and both sides of the anode plate 41 and the inner peripheral surface of the electrolytic cell 120. Further, if the bottom plate 131 is a conductive material, an insulating material may be provided between each electrode plate 31, 32, 41 and the bottom plate 131. If the electrolytic cell 120 is an insulating material, it is not necessary to provide an insulating material between the electrode plates 31, 32, 41 and the bottom plate 131. In any case, the water-soluble coolant 5 may be configured not to pass from both sides and the lower side of each electrode plate 31, 32, 41. Moreover, what is necessary is just to electrically insulate both the side sides and lower side of each electrode plate 31, 32, 41 from the electrolytic cell 120 and the bottom plate 131, respectively.

  The control device 21 also has a control function for changing the current flow direction of the DC power supply 22, a control function for turning the DC power supply 22 on and off, a control function for opening and closing the valve 110, the supply pump 11 and the circulation pump 16. And a control function for driving the vehicle.

  Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the opposing surfaces 31 a and 32 a of the two cathode plates 31 and 32 are disposed so as to face both the opposing surfaces 41 a and 41 b of the single anode plate 41. You may arrange | position the opposing surface of two anode plates facing both opposing surfaces of a cathode plate.

  Next, the operation and effect of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

  In the water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus 1, cations, metal fine particles, and foreign particles are removed by the coolant purifying unit 3, and the purified water-soluble coolant 5 passes through the discharge pipe 14 and returns to the storage tank 15. From there, the water-soluble coolant 5 purified by the circulation pump 16 passes through the return-side circulation pipe 17 and is a workpiece (not shown) of a working machine (not shown) such as a cutting machine or a grinding machine. To be supplied. The soluble coolant 5 in which cations, metal particles or foreign particles are dissolved or mixed in the water-soluble coolant 5 during processing returns to the storage tank 15 through the return-side circulation pipe 18. After returning to the storage tank 15, the water-soluble coolant 5 containing a large amount of cations, metal fine particles and foreign particles is supplied from the supply pipe 13 to the electrolytic cell 120 by the supply means 10. The water-soluble coolant 5 containing a large amount of cations or metal particles and foreign particles supplied to the electrolyzer 120 is purified by the coolant purifying unit 3, discharged from the discharge pipe 14, and in the vicinity of the suction side of the circulation pump 16 of the storage tank 15. Return to.

  The water-soluble coolant 5 containing a large amount of fine metal particles and foreign particles supplied to the coolant purifying unit 3 is purified by the coolant purifying unit 3 by sequentially performing one cycle of an adhesion process, a peeling process, and a precipitation process. . Hereinafter, each step will be described.

(Adhesion process)
When the DC power supply 22 is turned on with the valve 110 closed and a current of a predetermined value is passed from the anode plate 41 to the cathode plates 31 and 32 through the water-soluble coolant 5 for a predetermined time, the water solution supplied to the electrolytic cell 120 is supplied. The cationic coolant 5 precipitates and collects cations dissolved in the water-soluble coolant 5 on the cathode plates 31 and 32 by electrolysis. Further, the metal fine particles and the foreign particles floating in the water-soluble coolant 5 are adsorbed and collected on both electrode plates 31, 32 and 41 by the Coulomb force in the electric field.

(Peeling process)
After the adhering step, the control device 21 changes the direction of current flow, energizes for a predetermined time, and opens the valve 110. That is, the polarities of the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 are reversed, and at least one of the substances deposited and adsorbed on the surfaces of the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 before the inversion is separated or separated. The separated or separated material passes through the passage 132 by gravity and settles on the settling portion 122.

(Precipitation process)
The valve 110 is kept open, and the DC power supply 22 is turned off by the control device 21. The separated or separated substance continues to pass through the passage 132 by the recovery means 110 and settles in the precipitation portion 122. When a predetermined time elapses, the substance peeled or separated by the electrolysis unit 121 moves from the electrolysis unit 121 to the precipitation unit 122 and is collected by the precipitation unit 122, thus completing the precipitation process.

  Thus, an adhesion process, a peeling process, and a precipitation process form one cycle which purifies water-soluble coolant 5, and a cycle is repeated.

  In the peeling process, the valve 100 is preferably opened, but may be closed. In this case, the time for the precipitation process becomes longer.

  The substance that has settled in the precipitation part 122 is discharged by the discharge means 50 in a timely manner. That is, the first discharge valve 51 is opened, moved to the intermediate reservoir 53 by gravity, and then the first discharge valve 51 is closed. Next, the second discharge valve 52 is opened and discharged to the container 4 from the discharge port 52a. Thereafter, the second discharge valve 52 is closed.

  From the above, it is not necessary to mix the liquid after the treatment by the liquid agitator of the prior art and the untreated liquid to make the cation concentration uniform, and the water-soluble coolant 5 having a low content of cations, metal fine particles, and foreign fine particles. Can be discharged from the electrolytic cell 120 and supplied to a processing machine such as a cutting machine or a grinding machine. Moreover, by using both surfaces of at least one of the electrode plates of the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 as opposing surfaces of the electrolysis action and disposing the both surfaces so as to oppose the opposing surfaces of the other electrode plate, Cation deposition and separation, and metal fine particle adsorption and separation are performed efficiently. As a result, the water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus 1 that maintains the performance of the water-soluble coolant 5 for a long period of time can be provided.

  Further, as described above, the substance collected and collected in the precipitation part 122 of the electrolytic cell 120 by the collection means 100 and the substance collected in the precipitation part 122 by the discharge means 50 are discharged into the container 4 at appropriate times. On the surfaces of the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41, deposits and adhering substances are removed and the original metal bullion is exposed, so that the opposing surfaces 31a and 32a of the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 are exposed. An appropriate distance can be maintained without short-circuiting the opposing surfaces 41a and 41b. As a result, it is possible to provide the water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus 1 that can use the electrode plates 31, 32, 41 for a long period of time without replacing with new cathode plates 31, 32, and anode plates 41.

  Furthermore, the substantially total flow rate of the water-soluble coolant 5 supplied to the electrolytic cell 120 by the supply pump 11 is limited to the opening range L of the fixture 130. Soluble Couran 5 is discharged from the discharge pipe 14 through the flow path 138, the through hole 33, the gap flow path 139, the through hole 42, the gap flow path 140, and the flow path 141 in order over the opening range L. The water-soluble coolant 5 extends over substantially the entire surface of each electrode plate 31, 32, 41, and only the untreated water-soluble coolant 5 having a high content of cations, metal fine particles, and foreign particles is applied to each electrode plate 31, 32, 41. The contact can be made substantially uniformly. As a result, the current density flowing between the opposing cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 becomes uniform, so that cations, metal fine particles, and foreign particles can be efficiently collected and adsorbed.

  In general, when an electrolytic action is activated between a cathode plate and an anode plate facing each other with a water-soluble coolant interposed therebetween, current is concentrated at the corners of the electrode plate. The cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 are provided with a plurality of through-holes 33, 34, and 42 having a diameter not clogged by the deposited and adsorbed substances, ensuring the performance of deposition and adsorption. 42 are distributed substantially evenly on the entire surfaces of the electrode plates 31, 32, 41, respectively. Therefore, a current flows substantially evenly over the entire surface of each of the electrode plates 31, 32, 41 (when the entire surface of the electrode plate is viewed macroscopically), and positive ions, metal fine particles, and foreign particles are efficiently deposited and adsorbed over the entire surface. . If the diameters of the through holes 33, 34, and 42 are too small, clogging occurs, and if they are too large, the length of the wetting wrinkles decreases and the efficiency of precipitation recovery and adsorption recovery is reduced. Considering the flow rate of the water-soluble coolant 5 described later, the appropriate diameter of the through holes 33, 34, 42 is 2 mm to 10 mm. The diameter is preferably 2 mm to 5 mm. The through holes 33, 34, and 42 are circular, but a shape having a long wetting length with respect to the same opening area, such as a cross-shaped hole, is preferable.

  Moreover, the electrical conductivity of the water-soluble coolant 5 changes every moment depending on the concentration of the cation contained in the water-soluble coolant 5 and the concentration and type of the surfactant. The energization conditions (voltage value and current value) between the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 with the water-soluble coolant 5 being changed constantly, and the energization conditions also depend on the distance between the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41. Will change. Accordingly, the opposing surfaces of the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 are installed at predetermined intervals so as to ensure the performance of deposition and adsorption, and the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 due to the deposited and adsorbed substances are not short-circuited. As a result, the energization conditions are stabilized within a certain range. As a result, it is possible to provide the water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus 1 with stable deposition recovery and adsorption recovery with a DC power source having an appropriate capacity without increasing the size of the DC power source 22.

  The gap between the electrodes for ensuring the performance of deposition and adsorption and preventing the electrical short circuit between the electrodes is in the range of 5 mm to 30 mm, and the capacity of the DC power source 22 becomes an appropriate capacity by limiting the energization conditions. More preferably, it may be set to 10 mm to 20 mm.

  Further, the strength of electrolysis or Coulomb force is proportional to the current value. Since the DC power source 22 is a constant current DC power source, a constant current flows between the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 without depending on the cation concentration of the water-soluble coolant 5, and the precipitation recovery and adsorption recovery are performed. A stable water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus 1 can be provided. The voltage value between the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 is controlled by the control device 21 so as not to exceed the limit value in accordance with the capacity of the DC power supply 2.

  The setting conditions of each process described above will be described.

  If the time for the attaching process is too long, a large amount of precipitates or adsorbed substances are deposited on the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41. Depending on the deposition state, the current value becomes lower than a predetermined value, the efficiency of precipitation or adsorption decreases, or the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 are electrically short-circuited. If it is too short, it becomes impossible to deposit or adsorb many cations, metal particles or foreign particles, and the water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus 1 cannot be effectively used. Therefore, considering the actual use situation and the characteristics of the water-soluble coolant 5, the adhering process time is preferably in the range of 3 minutes to 120 minutes.

  If the time of the peeling process is too long, the precipitate and the adsorbed material are energized even though the separation and separation have already been completed from the electrode plates 31, 32, 41, and power is consumed wastefully. If it is too short, a large amount of precipitates and adsorbents cannot be peeled or separated, and the metal ingots of the electrode plates 31, 32, 41 are not exposed and a uniform energized state cannot be achieved. Furthermore, after the next cycle, the adhesion amount of each electrode plate 31, 32, 41 increases, and the cathode plates 31, 32 and the anode plate 41 are electrically short-circuited. Therefore, considering the actual use situation and the characteristics of the water-soluble coolant 5 as a whole, the preferable time for the peeling process is 3 minutes to 90 minutes.

  If the time of the precipitation process is too long, the material separated and separated will be left in spite of having already precipitated in the precipitation part 122 of the electrolytic cell 120, and time is wasted. If it is too short, the separated and separated substance moves from the electrolysis unit 121 to the precipitation unit 122, and then moves to the attaching process of the next cycle, and the substance remaining in the electrolysis unit 121 is again applied to the electrode plates 31, 32, 41. It will be deposited or adsorbed. As a result, the efficiency of precipitation or adsorption decreases. Therefore, considering the actual use situation and the characteristics of the water-soluble coolant 5 comprehensively, the preferable time for the precipitation process is 3 minutes to 120 minutes.

Next, the current value will be described. In the emulsion-type water-soluble coolant, when cations are mixed in the water-soluble coolant, the cations break the bond between the cutting oil and the surfactant, the oil particles become coarse and the buoyancy increases, and the oil content is absorbed into the upper layer. Is separated into lower layers and the original function of the water-soluble coolant is lost. In order to maintain the original function of the water-soluble coolant 5, the cathode plates 31, 32 and the anode plate 41 are energized. The bond is broken and the original function of the water-soluble coolant 5 is lost. If the current is too small, the necessary electrolytic action is not performed and the cations mixed in the water-soluble coolant 5 cannot be removed. Therefore, comprehensively judging from the actual use situation and the characteristics of the water-soluble coolant 5, the current applied to the cathode plates 31, 32 and the anode plate 41 in the adhesion process and the peeling process is 0.2 mA / cm ^{2 to} 2.5 mA / cm ² is a preferred range.

  The flow rate of the water-soluble coolant 5 is as follows. When the cation mixed in the water-soluble coolant 5 is removed by electrolytic action, the strength of the electrolytic action is proportional to the amount of electricity (current × time) to be energized. If the same water-soluble coolant 5 is excessively energized while stagnating for a long time, the bond between the cutting oil and the surfactant is broken by a large amount of electricity. Accordingly, by adjusting the supply flow rate so that the same water-soluble coolant 5 is not energized for a long time, the coupling is maintained without breaking the cutting oil and the surfactant.

Therefore, judging from the actual use situation and the characteristics of the water-soluble coolant 5, the flow rate of the water-soluble coolant 5 flowing through the cathode plates 31, 32 and the anode plate 41 in the adhesion process is preferably 80 liters / m ² or more per minute. It is. The life of the water-soluble coolant 5 can be extended by setting an appropriate flow rate. As a result, the frequency of liquid renewal is reduced, and the operation rate of the water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus 1 can be improved and the frequency of liquid disposal can be reduced. In addition, the frequency of special disposal processing of used waste liquid by a specialized manufacturer outside the company decreases, and the disposal processing becomes inexpensive.

  Moreover, since metal fine particles and foreign substances contained in the water-soluble coolant 5 supplied to the workpiece can be removed, the processing quality is improved. Wear of the circulating pump 16 and the sliding part of the processing machine can be reduced. Furthermore, since the bonding between the cutting oil and the surfactant is maintained for a long period of time, it is not necessary to use a special surfactant, and the water-soluble coolant stock solution is inexpensive.

  In FIG. 1, the anode plate 41 and the cathode plate 31, and the anode plate 41 and the cathode plate 32 are electrically connected in parallel to the DC power supply 22. You may wire in series with respect to the direct-current power supply 22 which flows an electric current sequentially. In the parallel case, the current is approximately twice that in the series, but the voltage is approximately half that in the series. A parallel connection or a series connection may be determined from the current capacity and voltage capacity of the DC power supply 2.

(Verification test results)
Hereinafter, a verification test result obtained by removing cations in the emulsion-type soluble coolant according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. The water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus 1 having the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 was used, and through holes 33, 33, and 42 having a diameter of 3 mm were regularly arranged in the cathode plates 31, 32 and the anode plate 41, respectively. The test time was 30 minutes for the energizing process for the adhesion process, 15 minutes for the energizing time for the peeling process, and 30 minutes for the precipitating process. 8 cycles = continuous operation for 560 minutes (9 hours and 20 minutes). The flow rate of the water-soluble coolant 5 passing through the cathode plates 31 and 32 and the anode plate 41 in the attaching process was set to 100 liters / m ² per minute. In order to increase the accuracy of the experiment, pure water was used as the solution to be tested. Emulsion type water-soluble coolant stock solution A type and emulsion type B type are added to each pure water, and then each cation shown in Table 1 and Table 2 is dissolved to obtain a stock solution of water-soluble coolant. A type cation solution and a water-soluble coolant stock solution B type cation solution were prepared, and the test was conducted based on the above test conditions.

  Table 1 shows the verification test results of the emulsion type water-soluble coolant stock solution of type A. Table 2 shows the verification test result of the emulsion type water-soluble coolant B type. In the water-soluble coolant stock solution A type, magnesium ions and zinc ions are well reduced, and aluminum ions are slightly reduced. In the water-soluble coolant stock solution B type, magnesium ions and zinc ions are well reduced, and aluminum ions are also relatively well reduced. As described above, the effect of the present invention was verified using an emulsion type water-soluble coolant.

  The magnesium ion concentration is measured by sewage sludge analysis method 7.14.2 (ICP method) or 51.3 of JISK0102, and the aluminum ion concentration is determined by sewage sludge analysis method 7.1.2 (ICP method) or JISK0102. 58, and the zinc ion concentration was measured according to sewage sludge analysis method 7.1426.21 ICP method) or 53 of JISK0102.

It is explanatory drawing of a water-soluble coolant purification apparatus. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the cathode plate of FIG. It is a perspective view of the fixing tool of FIG. It is A arrow directional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water-soluble coolant purification apparatus 5 Water-soluble coolant 10 Supply means 21 Control apparatus (polarity change means)
22 DC power source 31, 32 Cathode plate 31 a, 32 a, 41 a, 41 b Opposing surface 33, 34, 42 Through hole 41 Anode plate 100 Recovery means 110 Valve (opening / closing means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 120 Electrolysis tank 121 Electrolysis part 122 Precipitation part 130 Fixing tool 131 Bottom plate (partition member)
132 Passage

Claims (6)

A water-soluble coolant purification device that removes at least one of cations and mixed metal fine particles dissolved in a water-soluble coolant,
A cathode plate immersed in the water-soluble coolant and connected to one pole of a DC power source and an anode plate connected to the other pole;
A fixture for installing the cathode plate and the anode plate opposite to each other;
An electrolytic cell in which the water-soluble coolant supplied by the supply means is discharged through a through hole provided in the cathode plate and a through hole provided in the anode plate;
Polarity changing means for inverting the polarity of the cathode plate and the anode plate;
And a recovery means for separating or separating at least one of the cathode plate and the substance deposited and adsorbed on the surface of the anode plate and precipitating it on the bottom side of the electrolytic cell. Coolant purification device. The collection means is a sedimentation part located below the electrolysis part through which the water-soluble coolant in which the cathode plate and the anode plate are arranged,
A partition member that divides the electrolytic cell into the electrolytic section and the precipitation section, and has a passage through which the substance passes;
The water-soluble coolant purifying device according to claim 1, further comprising an opening / closing means for opening / closing the passage. 3. The water-soluble solution according to claim 1, wherein a facing surface of at least one of the cathode plate and the anode plate is disposed to face a facing surface of the other electrode plate. Coolant purification device. The said negative electrode plate and the said positive electrode plate ensure the precipitation performance and adsorption | suction performance, and the said some through-hole of the magnitude | size which is not clogged with the said substance is provided, The any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus according to the item. The said cathode plate and the said anode plate ensure precipitation performance and adsorption | suction performance, and are installed in the space | interval which does not short-circuit the said cathode plate and the said anode plate by the said substance. The water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus according to one item. The water-soluble coolant purifying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the DC power source is a constant current DC power source.

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