JP2009161385A - Crushed shell material for concrete admixture and concrete containing the same - Google Patents

Crushed shell material for concrete admixture and concrete containing the same Download PDF

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JP2009161385A
JP2009161385A JP2007341454A JP2007341454A JP2009161385A JP 2009161385 A JP2009161385 A JP 2009161385A JP 2007341454 A JP2007341454 A JP 2007341454A JP 2007341454 A JP2007341454 A JP 2007341454A JP 2009161385 A JP2009161385 A JP 2009161385A
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concrete
shell
crushed
crushed shell
shell material
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Yasuhide Hojo
泰秀 北條
Yusuke Sugino
雄亮 杉野
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Taiheiyo Materials Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
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    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crushed shell material for concrete admixture the concrete mixed with which has a strength of ≥90% of that of a concrete completely free of the crushed shell material and an estimated increase ratio of a unit amount of water as low as 5% or less required to make a slump identical with a concrete completely free of the crushed shell material. <P>SOLUTION: The problem above is solved by making the particle size of the crushed shell material a specific one. Namely, the crushed shell material has a specific value of percent passing for a sieve with a specific maximum and nominal size of 5 mm. A concrete containing the crushed shell material is presented. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、コンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物に関し、詳しくは、添加したコンクリートが無添加のコンクリートに比べて、圧縮強度の低下が少なく且つ単位水量増加率が少ないコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物に関する。また、本発明は、コンクリートに関し、詳しくは、コンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物を添加しないコンクリートに比べて、圧縮強度の低下が少なく且つ単位水量増加率が少ないコンクリートに関する。   The present invention relates to a concrete mixed shell pulverized material, and more particularly, to a concrete mixed shell pulverized material in which the added concrete is less reduced in compressive strength and the rate of increase in unit water amount is smaller than that in the additive-free concrete. In addition, the present invention relates to concrete, and more particularly, to concrete having a small decrease in compressive strength and a small unit water volume increase rate as compared with concrete without adding concrete crushed shells.

昨今、我が国における天然及び養殖貝類の水産加工場から排出される貝殻の量は年間100万tを超えている。貝殻の排出は一部の自治体内に偏っており、その自治体の多くでは貝殻処理が社会問題となっている。貝殻の処理法としては、粉砕もしくはそのままの状態での埋め立て処分が殆どである。しかし排出量と処理量のバランスが崩れている事から、年々累積され野積み状態になっている。そこで貝殻をより多く処理するために、コンクリートの材料の一部として貝殻又は貝殻粉砕物を用いることが提案されている(例えば特許文献1、特許文献2及び特許文献3参照)。   Recently, the amount of shells discharged from fish processing plants for natural and cultured shellfish in Japan exceeds 1 million tons per year. Shell discharge is biased in some municipalities, and shell processing is a social problem in many municipalities. Most shells are crushed or landfilled as they are. However, since the balance between the amount of emissions and the amount of processing is broken, it has been accumulated year by year. In order to treat more shells, it has been proposed to use shells or ground shells as part of the concrete material (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3).

しかし、貝殻の処理量を増やすためにコンクリート1m当たりの貝殻粉砕物の使用量を増大させると、コンクリートの流動性が充分に得られず、硬化後のコンクリートの強度が貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートの強度に比べ著しく低下するという問題がある。このため、コンクリート1m当たりの貝殻粉砕物の使用量を単に増大させたコンクリートは、使用方法や使用用途が限られてしまい、結果として、貝殻の処理量を増やせないという問題がある。 However, increasing the amount of the shell ground product per concrete 1 m 3 in order to increase the throughput of the shells, the fluidity of the concrete can not be obtained sufficiently, completely free strength of concrete shells pulverized after curing There is a problem that the strength of the concrete is not significantly reduced. Therefore, concrete usage of simply increasing the shell ground product per concrete 1 m 3 is will be limited usage and intended use, as a result, there is a problem that increasing the throughput of the shells.

コンクリート1m当たりの貝殻粉砕物の使用量を増大させても、コンクリートの流動性が充分に得られ、硬化後のコンクリートの強度が貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートの強度に比べ著しく低下することのない、貝殻粉砕物を主成分とするコンクリート混和材及びこれを用いたコンクリートを見出し、本願出願人等は特許出願を行った(特許文献4参照)。 Also increase the amount of the shell ground product per concrete 1 m 3, the fluidity of the concrete is sufficiently obtained, the strength of the concrete after curing is remarkably reduced as compared to the intensity of the totally free concrete shells pulverized product that The present applicants filed a patent application (see Patent Document 4).

しかし、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートのスランプに比べて、貝殻粉砕物を添加したコンクリートのスランプが小さく、同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量の増加率を、スランプの差から土木学会の単位水量増減の推定方法(スランプ1cmの増加当たりの単位水量を1.2%増加させる。)を用いて推定すると、10%を越えてしまう。そうすると、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートの単位水量が160kg/m以上になると、これに貝殻粉砕物を添加すると土木構造物に用いるコンクリートの単位水量の上限値である175kg/mを超えてしまう。このため、高性能減水剤等のセメント分散剤の使用量を大幅に増やさなければならず、凝結の遅延が起こる虞が高く且つ大幅なコストアップになり経済性も悪い。
特開2002−241165号公報 特開2004−51461号公報 特開平11−228206号公報 特開2007−186409号公報
However, compared to concrete slumps that do not contain any crushed shells, the slumps of concrete added with crushed shells are smaller. If estimated using the unit water volume increase / decrease estimation method (the unit water volume per 1 cm increase in slump is increased by 1.2%), it will exceed 10%. Then, when the unit water volume of the concrete containing no crushed shell is at least 160 kg / m 3 , if the crushed shell is added to this, it exceeds 175 kg / m 3 which is the upper limit of the unit water volume of the concrete used for the civil engineering structure. End up. For this reason, the amount of cement dispersant such as a high-performance water reducing agent must be greatly increased, and there is a high possibility that a setting delay will occur, resulting in a significant cost increase and poor economic efficiency.
JP 2002-241165 A JP 2004-51461 A JP 11-228206 A JP 2007-186409 A

本発明は、コンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物について、従来の上記問題を解決したものであり、添加したコンクリートの強度が貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートの強度に比べ90%以上、且つ貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートと同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量の増加率の推定値が5%以下と小さい、コンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物を提供することを目的とする。また、本発明は、貝殻粉砕物を添加したコンクリートについて、従来の上記問題を解決したものであり、強度が貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートの強度に比べ90%以上が得られ、且つ貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートと同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量の増加率の推定値が5%以下と小さい、コンクリートを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems with respect to a crushed shell for mixing concrete, and the strength of the added concrete is 90% or more compared to the strength of concrete containing no crushed shell, and a crushed shell is obtained. An object of the present invention is to provide a crushed shell for mixing concrete, in which the estimated value of the rate of increase of the unit water amount necessary to make the same slump as that of the concrete not contained at all is as small as 5% or less. In addition, the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems with respect to concrete added with crushed shells, and the strength is 90% or more compared to the strength of concrete containing no crushed shells, and crushed shells. An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete in which the estimated value of the rate of increase of the unit water amount necessary to make the same slump as a concrete containing no material is as small as 5% or less.

本発明は、貝殻粉砕物の粒度を特定の粒度とすることによって上記問題を解決した。即ち、本発明は、以下の(1)又は(2)で表すコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物、及び(3)で表すコンクリートである。
(1)最大寸法が15mm以下であり且つ呼び寸法5mmのふるいの通過率が15質量%以下であるコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物。
(2)最大寸法が13mm以下である上記(1)に記載するコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物。
(3)上記(1)または(2)に記載する何れかのコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物を含有するコンクリート。
The present invention solves the above problem by setting the particle size of the crushed shell to a specific particle size. That is, the present invention is concrete crushed shells for mixing with concrete represented by the following (1) or (2) and concrete represented by (3).
(1) A crushed shell for mixing concrete having a maximum size of 15 mm or less and a passing rate of a sieve having a nominal size of 5 mm of 15% by mass or less.
(2) The concrete mixed shell pulverized product according to the above (1) having a maximum dimension of 13 mm or less.
(3) Concrete containing the crushed shell for mixing concrete according to any one of (1) and (2) above.

本発明によれば、添加したコンクリートの強度が貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートの強度に比べ90%以上、且つ貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートと同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量の増加率の推定値が5%以下と小さい、コンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物が得られる。また、本発明によれば、貝殻粉砕物を添加したコンクリートについて、従来の上記問題を解決したものであり、強度が貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートの強度に比べ90%以上が得られ、且つ貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートと同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量の増加率の推定値が5%以下と小さい、コンクリートが得られる。   According to the present invention, the strength of the added concrete is 90% or more compared to the strength of the concrete not containing any crushed shells, and the amount of unit water necessary for making the same slump as the concrete containing no shell crushed materials is increased. A crushed shell for mixing concrete with a small estimated value of 5% or less is obtained. Further, according to the present invention, the concrete added with shell pulverized material has solved the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the strength is 90% or more compared to the strength of concrete containing no shell pulverized material, and A concrete can be obtained in which the estimated value of the rate of increase in the unit water amount necessary to make the same slump as the concrete containing no crushed shells is as small as 5% or less.

本発明によれば、コンクリート1m当たり、250kg程度の貝殻粉砕物を含有させても、コンクリート強度の低下が抑制でき、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートと同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量の増加率の推定値が5%以下と小さいので、コンクリート構造物の多くに採用することも可能である。また、コンクリート1m当たり、250kg程度まで貝殻粉砕物を含有させることができるので、貝殻の有効利用による処理が促進できる。 According to the present invention, even when about 250 kg of shell crushed material is contained per 1 m 3 of concrete, the decrease in concrete strength can be suppressed, and the unit water amount necessary for making the same slump as concrete containing no shell crushed material at all. Since the estimated value of the rate of increase is as small as 5% or less, it can be adopted for many concrete structures. Moreover, since the shell pulverized product can be contained up to about 250 kg per 1 m 3 of concrete, it is possible to promote the processing by the effective use of the shell.

本発明のコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物は、最大寸法が15mm以下且つ呼び寸法5mmのふるい(公称目開き4.75mmのふるい)の通過率が15質量%以下であることを特徴とするものである。ここで「最大寸法が15mm」とは、JIS A 1102「骨材のふるい分け試験方法」に準じ、貝殻粉砕物を試料としてふるい分け試験を行い、呼び寸法15mmのふるい(公称目開き16mmのふるい)を通過するものの質量百分率が99%未満且つ呼び寸法20mmのふるい(公称目開き19mmのふるい)を通過するものの質量百分率が99%以上であることをいう。貝殻粉砕物の最大寸法が15mmを超えると、コンクリート1m当たりの貝殻粉砕物の使用量が200kgを超える場合に、硬化後のコンクリートの強度が貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートの強度の90%を下回ってしまう。また、コンクリート表面をコテで均す際は、粒形の大きい貝殻がコテにひっかかり、コンクリート表面の仕上げ性が著しく低下するという問題も起こる。 The crushed shell for mixing concrete according to the present invention is characterized in that the passing rate of a sieve having a maximum dimension of 15 mm or less and a nominal dimension of 5 mm (a sieve having a nominal aperture of 4.75 mm) is 15% by mass or less. . Here, “the maximum dimension is 15 mm” means that a screening test is performed using a ground shell material as a sample in accordance with JIS A 1102 “Aggregate screening test method”, and a sieve having a nominal size of 15 mm (a sieve having a nominal aperture of 16 mm) is used. It means that the mass percentage of what passes through a sieve having a nominal size of less than 99% and a nominal size of 20 mm (a sieve having a nominal opening of 19 mm) is 99% or more. When the maximum size of the crushed shell exceeds 15 mm, when the amount of crushed shell per 1 m 3 of concrete exceeds 200 kg, the strength of the concrete after curing is 90% of the strength of the concrete containing no crushed shell. Will fall below. Further, when leveling the concrete surface with a trowel, a shell with a large grain shape gets caught on the trowel, and the finish of the concrete surface is significantly reduced.

貝殻粉砕物の最大寸法は13mm以下がより好ましい。最大寸法が13mm以下であると、コンクリート1m当たりの貝殻粉砕物の使用量が250kgであっても、硬化後のコンクリートの強度が貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートの強度の90%以上を確保できる。ここで、「最大寸法が13mm」とは、JIS A 1102に準じて貝殻粉砕物を試料としてふるい分け試験を行い、呼び寸法13mmのふるい(公称目開き13.2mmのふるい)を通過するものの質量百分率が99%未満且つ呼び寸法15mmのふるいを通過するものの質量百分率が99%以上であることをいう。 The maximum dimension of the crushed shell is more preferably 13 mm or less. If the maximum dimension is 13mm or less, even usage 250kg shells pulverized per concrete 1 m 3, ensuring more than 90% of the intensity of the concrete strength of the concrete after curing does not contain shells pulverized product at all it can. Here, the “maximum dimension is 13 mm” means a mass percentage of a sieve that is subjected to a screening test using a crushed shell as a sample in accordance with JIS A 1102 and passes through a sieve having a nominal dimension of 13 mm (a sieve having a nominal opening of 13.2 mm). Is less than 99% and passes through a sieve having a nominal size of 15 mm, the mass percentage is 99% or more.

なお、本発明において、同様に、「最大寸法が25mm」とは、呼び寸法25mmのふるい(公称目開き26.5mmのふるい)を通過するものの質量百分率が99%未満且つ呼び寸法30mmのふるい(公称目開き31.5mmのふるい)を通過するものの質量百分率が99%以上であることをいい、「最大寸法が20mm」とは、呼び寸法20mmのふるいを通過するものの質量百分率が99%未満且つ呼び寸法25mmのふるいを通過するものの質量百分率が99%以上であることをいう。   In the present invention, similarly, “the maximum dimension is 25 mm” means a sieve having a mass percentage of less than 99% and a nominal dimension of 30 mm through a sieve having a nominal dimension of 25 mm (a sieve having a nominal opening of 26.5 mm). Means that the mass percentage of what passes through a sieve with a nominal aperture of 31.5 mm is 99% or more, and “the maximum dimension is 20 mm” means that the mass percentage of what passes through a sieve with a nominal dimension of 20 mm is less than 99% and It means that the mass percentage of the material passing through a sieve having a nominal size of 25 mm is 99% or more.

呼び寸法5mmのふるい(公称目開き4.75mmのふるい)の通過率、即ち呼び寸法5mmのふるいを通過するものの質量百分率が15質量%を超えると、スランプの低下が大きくなり、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートと同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量の増加率の推定値が5%を超える虞が高い。   When the passing rate of a sieve having a nominal size of 5 mm (a sieve having a nominal aperture of 4.75 mm), that is, the mass percentage of the sieve passing through a sieve having a nominal size of 5 mm exceeds 15% by mass, the slump is greatly reduced, There is a high possibility that the estimated value of the rate of increase of the unit water amount necessary to make the same slump as concrete that does not contain at all exceeds 5%.

本発明に用いる貝殻の種類は特に限定されないが、粉砕を行い易いことから二枚貝の貝殻が好ましく、入手のし易さから帆立貝の貝殻、アコヤ貝の貝殻、牡蠣の貝殻、アサリの貝殻、赤貝の貝殻、ハマグリの貝殻が好ましい。   The type of the shell used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but a bivalve shell is preferable because it can be easily crushed. For ease of availability, a scallop shell, an oyster shell, an oyster shell, a clam shell, and a red shell Shells and clam shells are preferred.

また、貝殻を粉砕する方法及び装置は特に限定されず、ジョークラッシャー、ボールミル、ハンマーミル、ロッドミル等の各種の粉砕装置を用いることができ、二種以上の粉砕装置を組み合わせて用いることもできる。また、貝殻を粉砕後、ふるい分けを行って、所定の最大寸法以上の粒径を有する貝殻粉砕物を更に粉砕し、所定の最大寸法以下にすることができる。また、粉砕により得られた二種以上の粒度分布の貝殻粉砕物を合わせて、所定の範囲内の粒度としても良い。   Moreover, the method and apparatus for pulverizing the shell are not particularly limited, and various pulverization apparatuses such as a jaw crusher, a ball mill, a hammer mill, and a rod mill can be used, and two or more pulverization apparatuses can be used in combination. In addition, after the shell is crushed, it can be sieved to further pulverize the shell pulverized product having a particle size equal to or larger than a predetermined maximum size to be equal to or smaller than the predetermined maximum size. Moreover, it is good also as a particle size in a predetermined range combining the shell pulverized material of two or more types of particle size distribution obtained by pulverization.

本発明のコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物は、コンクリートに添加して用いる。コンクリートに添加する方法や順序は特に限定されず、例えばコンクリートの他の1又は2以上の材料に添加してもよく、コンクリートの他の材料と同時にミキサ内に添加してもよく、また、他の材料を練り混ぜ製造したコンクリートに添加してもよい。また、本発明のコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物は、コンクリートに添加するときに、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートの配合の中で、同一体積の骨材と置き換えることが好ましい。最大寸法が同じ又は大きい粗骨材と、同一体積だけ置換することが、コンクリートのスランプや強度への影響を抑制できるので、より好ましい。   The crushed shell for mixing concrete according to the present invention is used by adding to concrete. The method and order of addition to concrete are not particularly limited. For example, it may be added to one or more other materials of concrete, may be added to the mixer simultaneously with other materials of concrete, These materials may be added to the concrete produced by mixing. Moreover, it is preferable to replace the crushed shell for mixing concrete according to the present invention with an aggregate of the same volume in a blend of concrete containing no crushed shell when added to concrete. It is more preferable to replace only the same volume with a coarse aggregate having the same or larger maximum dimension, since the influence on the slump and strength of concrete can be suppressed.

本発明のコンクリートは、上記のコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物を含有するコンクリートである。本発明のコンクリートには、上記のコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物以外に、セメント、骨材及び水を含有する。コンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物の含有量は、コンクリート1m当たり、250kg以下とすることが、コンクリート強度の低下が抑制でき、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しないコンクリートと同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量の増加率の推定値が5%以下と小さいので好ましい。 The concrete of the present invention is a concrete containing the above-described concrete crushed shell for mixing with concrete. The concrete of the present invention contains cement, aggregate and water in addition to the above-described concrete ground shell for mixing with concrete. The content of the concrete admixture for shells grind concrete 1 m 3 per be less 250 kg, decrease in concrete strength can be suppressed, the unit amount of water required for the same slump as the concrete containing no shell pulverized product at all This is preferable because the estimated value of the rate of increase is as small as 5% or less.

本発明に使用するセメントとしては、水硬性セメントであればよく、例えば普通、早強、超早強、低熱及び中庸熱等の各種ポルトランドセメント、エコセメント、並びにこれらポルトランドセメント又はエコセメントに、フライアッシュ、高炉スラグ、シリカフューム又は石灰石微粉末等を混合した各種混合セメントが挙げられ、これらを一種又は二種以上で用いることができる。セメントの添加量(単位量)は、270〜600kg/mとすることが好ましい。270kg/m未満では高い強度が得難く、600kg/mを超えるとコンクリートにひび割れが発生する虞が高まる。高い強度が得やすく且つひび割れが発生し難いことから、セメントの添加量(単位量)は、300〜450kg/mとすることがより好ましい。 The cement used in the present invention may be a hydraulic cement. For example, various portland cements such as ordinary, early strength, very early strength, low heat and moderate heat, ecocements, and portland cements or ecocements, Various mixed cements in which ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, limestone fine powder, or the like are mixed can be used, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The addition amount (unit amount) of cement is preferably 270 to 600 kg / m 3 . If it is less than 270 kg / m 3, it is difficult to obtain high strength, and if it exceeds 600 kg / m 3 , there is an increased risk of cracking in concrete. Since it is easy to obtain high strength and it is difficult for cracks to occur, the addition amount (unit amount) of cement is more preferably 300 to 450 kg / m 3 .

本発明に使用する骨材としては、コンクリートやモルタルに使用可能な骨材であれば使用可能である。このような骨材としては、例えば、川砂、海砂、山砂、砕砂、人工細骨材、スラグ細骨材、再生細骨材、スラグ細骨材、珪砂、石粉、川砂利、陸砂利、砕石、人工粗骨材、スラグ粗骨材、再生粗骨材、スラグ粗骨材等が挙げられ、これらの一種又は二種以上の使用が可能である。骨材の含有量は、1200〜2000kg/mとすることが好ましい。1200kg/m以下ではコンクリートにひび割れが発生する虞が高まり、2000kg/mを超えると高い強度が得難い。高い強度が得やすく且つひび割れが発生し難いことから、骨材の添加量(単位量)は、1350〜1850kg/mとすることがより好ましい。 As an aggregate used in the present invention, any aggregate that can be used for concrete or mortar can be used. Examples of such aggregates include river sand, sea sand, mountain sand, crushed sand, artificial fine aggregate, slag fine aggregate, recycled fine aggregate, slag fine aggregate, quartz sand, stone powder, river gravel, land gravel, Crushed stones, artificial coarse aggregates, slag coarse aggregates, recycled coarse aggregates, slag coarse aggregates and the like can be mentioned, and one or more of these can be used. The aggregate content is preferably 1200 to 2000 kg / m 3 . If it is 1200 kg / m 3 or less, the risk of cracking in the concrete increases, and if it exceeds 2000 kg / m 3 , it is difficult to obtain high strength. Since it is easy to obtain high strength and it is difficult for cracks to occur, the amount of aggregate added (unit amount) is more preferably 1350 to 1850 kg / m 3 .

本発明に使用する水は、特に限定されるものではなく、混和材料に含まれる水を用いてもよい。水の含有量は、セメント100質量部に対し、30〜65質量部とすることが好ましい。30質量部未満ではコンクリートを均一に混練し難く、65質量部を超えるとコンクリートにひび割れが発生する虞が高まる。コンクリートを均一に混練しやすく且つひび割れが発生する虞が低いことから、水の含有量は、セメント100質量部に対し、30〜65質量部とすることがより好ましい。   The water used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and water contained in the admixture may be used. The water content is preferably 30 to 65 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement. If it is less than 30 parts by mass, it is difficult to knead the concrete uniformly, and if it exceeds 65 parts by mass, the risk of cracking in the concrete increases. Since it is easy to knead the concrete uniformly and the risk of cracking is low, the water content is more preferably 30 to 65 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement.

本発明のコンクリートには、コンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物、セメント、骨材及び水以外に、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、コンクリートやモルタルに混和することのできる混和材料を併用することができる。この混和材料としては、例えばセメント用ポリマー、発泡剤、起泡剤、防水材、防錆剤、収縮低減剤、増粘剤、保水剤、顔料、繊維、撥水剤、白華防止剤、膨張材(剤)、急結剤(材)、急硬剤(材)、消泡剤、高炉スラグ微粉末、フライアッシュ、シリカフューム、火山灰、撥水剤、表面硬化剤、保水剤等が挙げられる。   In addition to concrete crushed shell, cement, aggregate, and water, the concrete of the present invention can be used in combination with an admixture that can be mixed with concrete or mortar as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. . Examples of this admixture include polymers for cement, foaming agents, foaming agents, waterproofing materials, rust preventives, shrinkage reducing agents, thickeners, water retention agents, pigments, fibers, water repellents, whitening prevention agents, and swelling. Examples include materials (agents), quick setting agents (materials), hardeners (materials), antifoaming agents, blast furnace slag fine powder, fly ash, silica fume, volcanic ash, water repellents, surface hardeners, water retention agents, and the like.

本発明のコンクリートは、ミキサ等により混練し製造する。混練に用いる器具や混練装置も特に限定されないが、ミキサを用いることが量を多く混練できるので好ましい。用いることのできるミキサとしては連続式ミキサでもバッチ式ミキサでも良く、例えばパン型コンクリートミキサ、パグミル型コンクリートミキサ、重力式コンクリートミキサ等が挙げられる。また、材料を一度にミキサに入れ混練してもよく、また材料を2以上に分けて混練したものを合わせて更に混練し製造してもよい。   The concrete of the present invention is produced by kneading with a mixer or the like. An apparatus and a kneading apparatus used for kneading are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a mixer because a large amount can be kneaded. The mixer that can be used may be a continuous mixer or a batch mixer, and examples thereof include a bread concrete mixer, a pug mill concrete mixer, and a gravity concrete mixer. In addition, the materials may be put into a mixer at a time and kneaded, or the materials kneaded in two or more may be further kneaded and manufactured.

[実施例1]
以下、本発明の実施例を比較例と共に示す。
[コンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物の製造]
北海道二海郡八雲町から発生した帆立貝の貝殻(密度2.53g/cm)を、粉砕あるいは粉砕後ふるい分けにより粒度調整することで、貝殻粉砕物であるコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物A〜Cを作製した。JIS A 1102「骨材のふるい分け試験方法」に準じてこれらの貝殻粉砕物のふるい分け試験を行い、各ふるいの通過率及び最大寸法を求めた。コンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物A〜Cの粒度分布及び最大寸法を表1に示す。
[Example 1]
Examples of the present invention are shown below together with comparative examples.
[Manufacture of crushed shell for mixing concrete]
The scallop shells (density 2.53g / cm 3 ) generated from Yakumo-cho, Nikakai, Hokkaido, are crushed or adjusted by sieving after pulverization. Produced. In accordance with JIS A 1102 “Aggregate Screening Test Method”, a screening test of these ground shells was conducted, and the passing rate and the maximum size of each sieve were determined. Table 1 shows the particle size distribution and the maximum dimensions of the ground shells A to C for mixing concrete.

Figure 2009161385
Figure 2009161385

[コンクリートの製造]
上記により作製したコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物A〜Cにセメント、細骨材、粗骨材、セメント分散剤及び水を、公称55リットルの強制練りパン型コンクリートミキサを用いて、20℃の恒温室内で90秒間練り混ぜ、配合No.1〜7のコンクリートを作製した。コンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物以外の使用材料は、以下に示すものを用いた。また配合No.1〜7のコンクリートの各材料の配合を、表2に示す。このときの配合量は、空気量を4.5%としたときのコンクリート1m当たりの各材料の使用質量(単位量)を示している。
<使用材料>
・セメント分散剤:ポリカルボン酸系高性能AE減水剤(商品名「コアフローNP−55」、太平洋マテリアル社製)。
・セメント:普通ポルトランドセメント(太平洋セメント社製)。
・粗骨材:茨城県桜川市産砕石(20〜5mm)(表乾密度2.64g/cm)。
・細骨材:静岡県菊川市産山砂(表乾密度2.61g/cm)。
・水:水道水。
[Manufacture of concrete]
Cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, cement dispersant, and water were added to concrete crushed shells A to C prepared as described above in a constant temperature room at 20 ° C. using a forced-mixing pan type concrete mixer having a nominal 55 liters. And knead for 90 seconds. 1-7 concrete was produced. The following materials were used other than the crushed shell for mixing concrete. Also, the formulation No. Table 2 shows the composition of each of the concrete materials 1 to 7. The blending amount at this time indicates the used mass (unit amount) of each material per 1 m 3 of concrete when the air amount is 4.5%.
<Materials used>
Cement dispersant: polycarboxylic acid-based high-performance AE water reducing agent (trade name “Core Flow NP-55”, manufactured by Taiheiyo Materials Co., Ltd.)
Cement: Ordinary Portland cement (manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement).
Coarse aggregate: Crushed stone (20-5 mm) from Sakuragawa City, Ibaraki Prefecture (surface dry density 2.64 g / cm 3 ).
・ Fine aggregate: Mountain sand from Kikugawa City, Shizuoka Prefecture (surface dry density 2.61 g / cm 3 ).
・ Water: Tap water.

Figure 2009161385
Figure 2009161385

作製したコンクリートのスランプ試験、空気量の測定及び圧縮強度試験を行った。試験方法を以下に示し、圧縮強度試験の試験結果を表3に、スランプ試験及び空気量の測定結果を表4に示した。
<スランプ試験>
JIS A 1101「コンクリートのスランプ試験方法」に従いコンクリートのスランプを測定した。
<空気量の測定>
JIS A 1128「フレッシュコンクリートの空気量の圧力による試験方法−空気室圧力方法」に従い、注水を行わずにコンクリートの空気量を測定した。
<圧縮強度試験>
JIS A 1108「コンクリートの圧縮強度試験方法」に従い、直径10cm、高さ20cmの供試体を作製し、材齢7日及び材齢28日におけるコンクリートの圧縮強度を測定した。このとき、供試体の養生温度は20℃とした。
The manufactured concrete was subjected to a slump test, an air amount measurement, and a compressive strength test. The test method is shown below, the test results of the compressive strength test are shown in Table 3, and the slump test and the measurement results of the air amount are shown in Table 4.
<Slump test>
Concrete slump was measured according to JIS A 1101 “Concrete slump test method”.
<Measurement of air volume>
In accordance with JIS A 1128 “Testing Method for Air Pressure of Fresh Concrete—Air Chamber Pressure Method”, the air amount of concrete was measured without water injection.
<Compressive strength test>
According to JIS A 1108 “Concrete compressive strength test method”, specimens having a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm were prepared, and the compressive strength of the concrete at a material age of 7 days and a material age of 28 days was measured. At this time, the curing temperature of the specimen was 20 ° C.

表3には、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しない配合No.1のコンクリートの同一材齢の圧縮強度の値を100としたときの、配合No.2〜7のコンクリートの圧縮強度の比率(強度比)を、表3に上記試験結果とともに示した。   Table 3 shows the formulation No. containing no crushed shell. No. 1 concrete No. 1 when the compression strength value of the same age is 100. The compressive strength ratio (strength ratio) of concrete Nos. 2 to 7 is shown in Table 3 together with the test results.

配合No.2〜7のコンクリートについて、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しない配合No.1のコンクリートのスランプと同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量、及びこのときの元の単位水量に対する単位水量の増加率を、スランプの差から土木学会の単位水量増減の推定方法(スランプ1cmの増加当たりの単位水量を1.2%増加させる。)を用いて推定した。その結果をスランプ試験及び空気量の測定結果とともに、表4に示した。   Compound No. About the concrete of 2-7, the mixing | blending No. which does not contain a shell crushed material at all. The unit water amount required to make the same slump as the concrete slump of 1 and the rate of increase of the unit water amount relative to the original unit water amount at this time are estimated by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers' unit water amount increase / decrease from the difference in slump The unit water amount per increase is increased by 1.2%). The results are shown in Table 4 together with the slump test and the air amount measurement results.

Figure 2009161385
Figure 2009161385

Figure 2009161385
Figure 2009161385

本発明の実施例に当たるコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物Aを用いたコンクリート(配合No.2〜4のコンクリート)は、何れも、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しない配合No.1のコンクリートの同一材齢の圧縮強度の値を100としたときの強度比が90以上と高かった。また、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しない配合No.1のコンクリートのスランプと同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量の推定値は、何れも通常の土木構造物に適用可能な単位水量175kg/m以下で、単位水量の増加率の推定値も5%以下と低かった。 The concrete (mixture No. 2-4 concrete) using the concrete admixture shell pulverized product A corresponding to the embodiment of the present invention contains no crushed shell material. The strength ratio was as high as 90 or more when the compressive strength value of the same age of 1 concrete was 100. In addition, the formulation No. containing no crushed shell material. The estimated unit water volume required to make the same slump as the concrete slump of No. 1 is 175 kg / m 3 or less, which is applicable to ordinary civil engineering structures, and the estimated rate of increase in unit water volume is also It was as low as 5% or less.

これに対し、比較例に相当する配合No.5〜7のコンクリートは、何れも、強度比が90未満で、貝殻粉砕物を全く含有しない配合No.1のコンクリートのスランプと同じスランプにするために必要な単位水量は、何れも通常の土木構造物には適用し難い単位水量175kg/m未満で、単位水量の増加率の推定値も5%を超えていた。 In contrast, the formulation No. corresponding to the comparative example. Each of the concrete Nos. 5 to 7 has a strength ratio of less than 90 and contains no crushed shell material at all. The unit water volume required to make the same slump as the concrete slump of 1 is less than 175 kg / m 3 , which is difficult to apply to ordinary civil engineering structures, and the estimated rate of increase in unit water volume is also 5%. It was over.

本発明のコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物及び本発明のコンクリートは、土木工事又は建築工事において好適に使用することができる。   The crushed shell for mixing concrete according to the present invention and the concrete according to the present invention can be suitably used in civil engineering work or construction work.

Claims (3)

最大寸法が15mm以下であり且つ呼び寸法5mmのふるいの通過率が15質量%以下であるコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物。 A concrete mixed shell pulverized product having a maximum size of 15 mm or less and a passing rate of a sieve having a nominal size of 5 mm of 15% by mass or less. 最大寸法が13mm以下である請求項1に記載するコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物。 The crushed shell for mixing concrete according to claim 1, wherein the maximum dimension is 13 mm or less. 請求項1または請求項2に記載する何れかのコンクリート混和用貝殻粉砕物を含有するコンクリート。 A concrete containing the crushed shell for mixing concrete according to claim 1 or 2.
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KR101755435B1 (en) * 2016-07-15 2017-07-10 김후종 Salt farm flooring and constructing method thereof
CN112299872A (en) * 2020-11-13 2021-02-02 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 Cemented sand gravel and preparation method thereof
KR102349325B1 (en) * 2021-01-11 2022-01-10 오영준 Block manufacturing method by recycling waste seafood by-products
KR102683437B1 (en) * 2023-08-17 2024-07-08 이명진 concrete composition and concrete tile using the composition

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JP2004051407A (en) * 2002-07-18 2004-02-19 Sugawara Kaiyo Kaihatsu Kogyo:Kk Shell concrete and its producing process
JP2007001825A (en) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-11 Nippon Oil Corp Warm-colored porous reformed sulfur solid body containing crushed shell as major ingredient, civil engineering/building structures, and shaped article for trapping octopus
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KR101755435B1 (en) * 2016-07-15 2017-07-10 김후종 Salt farm flooring and constructing method thereof
CN112299872A (en) * 2020-11-13 2021-02-02 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 Cemented sand gravel and preparation method thereof
KR102349325B1 (en) * 2021-01-11 2022-01-10 오영준 Block manufacturing method by recycling waste seafood by-products
KR102683437B1 (en) * 2023-08-17 2024-07-08 이명진 concrete composition and concrete tile using the composition

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