JP2009144988A - Construction method for removing asbestos layer on chimney inner wall surface - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To safely and efficiently remove an asbestos layer of an inner wall surface in repairing or demolition of a chimney. <P>SOLUTION: An upper part work chamber is provided in an upper part, a lower part work chamber is provided in a chimney inlet, and they are sealed and curerd. A security zone equipped with an air shower is provided in both work chambers, a negative pressure dust collector is provided in the lower part work chamber, and a chimney interior and both work chamber interiors are held at negative pressures. A removing device is suspended, chimney axial two stage treatment tools are rotated in a chimney circumferential direction in mutual opposite direction, the removing device is moved in a chimney axial direction, the asbestos layers are removed and dropped and sequentially sealed in bags in the lower part work chamber, dust collection cleaning is carried out, and they are carried out via the security zone. Leakage and carrying out of harmful dust are prevented, no holding part exists in the removing device to be used, the work is carried out in a wide range in the chimney axial direction, and manual labor with respect to remaining asbestos is minimized. A concrete shaving amount of a chimney body is minimized to reduce a waste amount. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of removing asbestos layers formed on the inner wall surface of a chimney of an incinerator or a heating furnace safely and efficiently when repairing or dismantling these chimneys.

In chimneys of incinerators and heating furnaces that have been conventionally used, an asbestos layer is formed on most of the inner wall surface as a heat insulating material. In addition, there are many cases where the inner wall surface is contaminated by harmful substances such as dioxin generated during operation.
When repairing or dismantling these chimneys, the asbestos layer on the inner wall surface is removed in advance so that workers are not adversely affected by harmful substances such as asbestos and dioxin, and the harmful substances are not scattered around. It is necessary to keep it.

This asbestos layer removal operation must also ensure the safety of workers and prevent the scattering of harmful substances such as asbestos and dioxins.
The operation of removing the inner wall surface of the chimney is not necessarily easy because it is cylindrical and requires processing at a relatively long distance.

In response to this problem, the present inventor has proposed an efficient and highly safe means for removing the asbestos layer and the contaminated part. That is, the cylindrical inner wall surface is observed with a monitor, a plurality of heads are moved in the direction of the cylinder axis so as to face the contaminated portion of the inner wall surface detected by the monitor, and each head is a substantially vertical axis with respect to the inner wall surface. By rotating around the inner wall and revolving around the inner wall cylindrical axis, the bristles of each bristles held by each head are pressed against the inner wall surface to scrape the inner wall surface to remove the contaminated part. is there.
According to this proposing means, the asbestos layer on the inner wall surface of the chimney can be scraped and removed without manual cutting and without deep cutting, so that it is not necessary to process a large amount of waste (Patent Document 1).

However, in this proposed means, the head is rotated in a state where the apparatus is held at the center position of the cylindrical axis by the tension holding portion, so that there is a problem in that it cannot be scraped at the position of the holding portion. For example, when there is a holding part on the lower side of the working part for scraping, the asbestos layer remains at the lower end of the chimney, and it is necessary to remove it manually.
In addition, the need for a device that can be reduced in size so that it can be applied to a chimney having a small inner diameter and that can increase the power of scraping has increased.

Therefore, the present inventor has proposed a device that does not require the holding unit as described above, can be further powered up, and can be further downsized, according to Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-105131. In this proposed apparatus, donut-shaped rotating disks provided in two stages in the cylindrical axial direction are rotated in opposite directions in the circumferential direction of the cylinder, and the inner wall surface is scraped with a brush or the like attached to the rotating disk.
The proposed device performs an asbestos layer removal process on the inner wall surface of the chimney, and has a track record for small-diameter chimneys that could not be processed by conventional devices.

In addition, in order to remove the asbestos attached to the building or to disassemble the building, take sufficient measures such as sealing and curing the construction site to prevent the asbestos dust from scattering around. It is mandatory.
Various methods for taking such measures have been proposed. For example, the work space where asbestos (asbestos) is removed is isolated and sealed, the asbestos is peeled off with a brush that rotates at high speed, and the floating asbestos is sucked with a suction cylinder having a number of suction ports, and the sealed collection container is used. A recovery method is known (Patent Document 2).
JP 2004-108714 A JP 2007-197994 A

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for removing the asbestos layer formed on the inner wall surface of the chimney of an incinerator or heating furnace safely and efficiently when repairing or dismantling these chimneys.
Specifically, it reduces the amount of scraping of concrete, etc. in the chimney main body, which does not emit asbestos dust and solids, makes the removal equipment smaller and more efficient, and minimizes manual work on the remaining asbestos. Minimize the amount of waste, etc.

The present invention is an asbestos layer removal method for an inner wall surface of a chimney characterized by performing the following steps.
(1) An upper working chamber that covers the upper end of the chimney and a lower working chamber that covers the smoke inlet at the lower part of the chimney are provided, and both working chambers are sealed and cured.
(2) Security zones with air showers are provided in both working chambers, and negative pressure dust collectors are provided in the lower working chambers to create negative pressure in the chimney and both working chambers.
(3) The removal device is suspended from the upper working chamber in the chimney.
(4) Remove the asbestos layer on the inner wall surface by rotating the processing tools arranged in two stages in the chimney axis direction of the removal device in opposite directions to the chimney circumferential direction and moving the removal device in the chimney axis direction. Then drop and then clean the inner wall.
(5) The asbestos that has fallen is sealed in bags in the lower working chamber, dust-collected and cleaned, and then transported through the security zone.
(6) Clean the used equipment, curing materials and working room with a vacuum cleaner and remove.

In the above (4), it can be assumed that a wing for generating a downward air flow in the chimney is provided at a rotating portion of the removing device.
In the above (4), the processing tool is disposed on a donut-shaped rotating disk provided in two stages in the chimney axis direction, and a plurality of wheels are disposed between the two-stage donut-shaped rotating disk, with the axle serving as the chimney axis. It can be assumed that they are arranged in pressure contact with a two-stage donut-shaped rotating disk in a direction orthogonal to the chimney axis in the same orthogonal plane.

In the above (4), the treatment tool is attached to the tip of the elastic body provided with an elastic body, and the elastic body expands and slides on the inner wall surface when rotating in the chimney circumferential direction, and the elastic body when not rotating. Can be said to be shortened.
In the above (4), the processing tool may be a brush.
Further, in the above (4), the processing tool is a combination of a cutter, a single blade, and a brush, and the asbestos layer is cut with a cutter, and the asbestos layer is peeled off with a single blade, and then remains with a brush. It can also be assumed that the asbestos layer is removed.

According to the present invention, the asbestos layer formed on the inner wall surface of the chimney of the incinerator or heating furnace can be removed safely and efficiently when repairing or dismantling these chimneys.
The asbestos layer removal work is carried out in a negative pressure space sealed and cured to prevent leakage of harmful dust. When removing removed asbestos and equipment, and when workers leave, use an air shower in the security zone to prevent the removal of harmful dust.

  Since the removal device used is suspended in the chimney and the processing tools such as brushes provided in two steps in the chimney axis direction are rotated in opposite directions in the chimney circumferential direction, it can be operated without a holding device. A wide range of removal work in the axial direction can be performed, and manual work on the remaining asbestos can be minimized. In addition, the amount of waste such as concrete in the chimney main body can be minimized to reduce the amount of waste requiring post-treatment.

This invention performs each process of said (1)-(6), and removes the asbestos layer of a chimney inner wall surface safely and efficiently. Each step will be described with reference to the example of FIG.
(1) An upper working chamber 6 that covers the upper end of the chimney 1 and a lower working chamber 7 that covers the smoke inlet 2 at the lower part of the chimney 1 are provided, and both the working chambers 6 and 7 are sealed and cured.
The upper working chamber 6 is provided on a gantry 12, and a scaffold 13 is built for loading and unloading equipment and the like for workers. Sealing curing of both working chambers 6 and 7 is performed over the entire surface using a poly film or the like.

(2) Security zones 8 and 9 having air showers 10 are provided in both working chambers 6 and 7, and negative pressure dust collectors 11 are provided in the lower working chamber 7 so that the inside of the chimney 1 and both working chambers 6 and 7 are negative. Pressure.
The dust is removed by the air shower 10 in the security zones 8 and 9 so that the asbestos dust is not taken out when the equipment is carried out from both the working chambers 6 and 7 and when the worker leaves. The removed asbestos dust is collected by the negative pressure dust collector 11. Moreover, the negative pressure dust collector 11 maintains the inside of the chimney 1 and the two working chambers 6 and 7 at a negative pressure so that asbestos dust generated by the work does not leak to the outside.

(3) The removal device 3 is suspended from the upper working chamber 6 into the chimney 1.
A wire 5 or a chain attached to the removing device 3 is supported by a winch 15 or the like via a pulley 14 provided immediately above the chimney 1, and the removing device 3 is suspended in the chimney 1. When installing, the removal device 3 may be put into the chimney 1 from the lower working chamber 7 and connected to the wire 5 suspended from above, or connected to the wire 5 in the upper working chamber 6 and put into the chimney 1. May be.

(4) Asbestos on the inner wall surface is obtained by rotating the processing tools 4 arranged in two stages in the chimney axis direction of the removal device 3 in the chimney circumferential direction in opposite directions and moving the removal device 3 in the chimney axis direction. Remove and drop the layer, then clean the inner wall.
The removing device used in the present invention is not fixed to the chimney inner surface with a tension-like holding portion or the like. In this invention, the removal apparatus 3 which rotates the processing tool 4 arrange | positioned by 2 steps | paragraphs of chimney axial directions to the circumferential direction mutually opposite direction is used. When the two-stage processing tool 4 is pressed against the inner wall surface and rotational forces in opposite directions are applied to each other, the forces received from the inner wall surface work in opposite directions, so even without holding the removal device 3 itself, The processing tool 4 can be rotated in the circumferential direction.

  At this time, if the resistance of each of the two stages is different, the removal device 3 itself may rotate, which may cause problems such as deterioration in processing capability and twisting of the wire 5. In order to avoid this, the type, shape, number, etc. of each of the two-stage processing tools 4 are adjusted according to the state of the inner wall surface to suppress the rotation of the removing device 3 itself. It is preferable to take measures such as suppressing the rotation of the wire 5 using a bearing.

As the processing tool 4, various brushes such as a wire brush, a plastic brush with abrasive grains, a brush made of shell, a cutter, a scissors, and the like can be employed.
In order to rotate the two-stage processing tool 4 in the circumferential direction opposite to each other, it is possible to rotate the turntables to which the processing tool 4 is attached in the opposite directions by a gear mechanism or a mechanism described later.

  In order to move the removing device 3 in the chimney axis direction, a hoist such as the wire 5 is wound up and down using the winch 15 or the like. At this time, since there is no holding part in the present invention, the asbestos layer can be removed by the removing device 3 up to the upper part of the smoke inlet 2. It is also possible to connect the wire 5 or the like to the lower side of the removing device 3 and move the lower working chamber 7 by providing a winch 15 or the like.

Before the asbestos layer is removed, the generation of asbestos dust can be suppressed by spraying the antiscattering agent from the removing device 3 onto the inner wall surface. In addition, after removing the asbestos layer, brushing and cleaning is performed with the processing tool 4 while spraying water from the removing device 3, and then a solidifying agent is sprayed on the inner wall surface, thereby making it possible to take all possible measures against dust.
In the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the chimney 1, there remain portions that cannot be removed by the processing tool 4, but since these portions are in a narrow range, they can be safely and easily removed by hand using a tool. Of course, wear protective clothing and a mask.

(5) The fallen asbestos is sequentially sealed in a bag in the lower working chamber 7, dust-collected and cleaned, and then transported through the security zone 9.
Falling asbestos sprayed with anti-scattering chemicals is less likely to generate dust, so bagging can be performed safely by hand. Furthermore, dust generation can be prevented by spraying a solidifying agent. The bagging is preferably double packing. After sealing, dust collection and cleaning are performed with a negative pressure dust collector 11 and a vacuum cleaner, and a solidifying agent is sprayed. In the security zone 9, the air shower 10 is used to prevent asbestos dust from being taken out and is carried out to the outside.

(6) Clean the used equipment, curing materials and working room with a vacuum cleaner and remove.
After the asbestos removal work is completed, the used equipment is dust-cleaned with a vacuum cleaner in the upper working room 6 or the lower working room 7, sprayed with a solidifying agent, and taken out in the security zone 8 or 9 by taking an air shower 10. . In the lower working chamber 7, dust can be removed and cleaned by the negative pressure dust collector 11. Thereafter, the curing material is cleaned with a vacuum cleaner, and the solidifying agent is sprayed and removed, and further, the solidifying agent is sprayed onto the work room and the security zone to dismantle and remove. Finally, the area around the construction site is cleaned.

During asbestos removal work, measure the asbestos concentration as needed, and take measures such as spraying anti-scattering agents and solidifying agents depending on the situation. In addition, the state of the wall surface of the chimney is observed and photographed with a CCD camera or the like, and the remaining asbestos is reprocessed.
In addition, during the asbestos removal work and during the entire work from work preparation to post-processing after completion, work records and worker work records are recorded and stored for a predetermined period.

Next, a suitable removal apparatus applied to the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, a wing 16 is provided at a rotating portion of the removing device 3. The wings 16 generate a downward air flow in the chimney, and for example, those attached to a ceiling fan or the like can be adopted. The site | part which provides the wing | blade 16 can be used as the rotary disk which has attached the processing tool 4, and the support site | part of the processing tool 4. FIG. In the example of FIGS. 3-6, it is set as the turntables 20 and 21 to which the processing tool 4 is attached. In the example of FIGS. 5 and 6, it can be used as a support rod for the brush 24, the cutter 22, and the single-sided blade 23 as the processing tool 4.

Since an ascending air current is generated in the chimney 1, the negative pressure dust collector 11 installed in the lower working chamber 7 collects asbestos dust against the ascending air current. Therefore, according to the scale and situation of the target chimney 1, the capacity of the negative pressure dust collector 11, etc., the wing 16 can be provided in the removal device 3 to reduce the load on the negative pressure dust collector 11.
By appropriately adjusting the shape and mounting angle of the wings 16, the speed and strength of the downward airflow and the lift acting on the removal device 3 are controlled, and a suitable asbestos layer removal operation is performed without causing dust to leak out. be able to.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a mechanism for rotating donut-shaped rotating disks 28 and 29 provided in two stages in the cylindrical axis direction in directions opposite to each other in the circumferential direction of the cylinder. A processing tool 4 (not shown) is disposed on the donut-shaped rotating disks 28 and 29.
Between the donut-shaped rotating disks 28 and 29 provided in parallel, three wheels 30 having the same diameter are provided at 120 ° intervals so as to contact both the donut-shaped rotating disks 28 and 29. The axles of the wheels 30 are oriented in the direction perpendicular to the cylindrical axis in the same plane orthogonal to the cylindrical axis, meshed with the rotary shaft 27 and the bevel gear in the gear box 31, and driven by the motor 40. .

Three presser wheels 32 are provided above the donut-type rotary disk 28, and three presser wheels 33 are provided below the donut-type rotary disk 29 at intervals of 120 °. The axle of the presser wheel 34 is connected to the presser board 34.
The axle of the presser wheel 35 is pivotally supported by the presser plate 35 and rotates freely without being driven. Tires are mounted on the wheels 30 and the presser wheels 32 and 33.

  A flange 36 is disposed above the press plate 34 and a flange 37 is disposed below the press plate 35, and both are supported by three columns 38. Between the flange 36 and the presser board 34 and between the flange 37 and the presser board 35, the respective struts 38 are passed through the springs 39, the presser board 34 is placed on the donut type rotary board 28 side, and the presser board 35 is placed on the donut type rotary board 29. Each side is pressed. Thereby, the wheel 30 and the donut-shaped rotary disks 28 and 29 are press-contacted.

When the rotating shaft 27 is rotated, the wheel 30 is rotated and the donut-shaped rotating disks 28 and 29 are rotated in opposite directions. At this time, the donut-shaped rotating disks 28 and 29 are centered by the rotating wheel 41. Three rotating wheels 41 are arranged in contact with the inner periphery of the donut-shaped rotating disks 28 and 29, respectively.
In addition to rotating the donut-shaped rotary disks 28 and 29 in opposite directions, one or both of the presser wheels 32 and 33 may be rotationally driven. The rotating wheel 41 may be driven to rotate.

3 and 4 show an example in which a brush 42 is attached as a treatment tool 4 to the tip of a stretchable body having an elastic body. In this example, the elastic body is a coil spring 48 and the elastic body is a roller chain 43. A state in which the brush 42 is attached to the tip of the roller chain 43 and attached to the peripheral edge of one of the two rotating plates 20 with a joint 50 is shown.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the roller chain 43 is extended during rotation, and FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which the roller chain 43 is contracted during non-rotation.

  In either case, a single roller chain 43 is shown, but a plurality of rollers are attached to the peripheral edge of the rotating disk 20 at equal intervals. For example, six are attached at intervals of 60 ° and three are attached at intervals of 120 °. The brush 42 is similarly attached to the other rotating disk provided in two stages, but since the circumferential rotation is in the reverse direction, the brush 42 is attached in the opposite direction to this example.

The roller chain 43 connects the two outer plates 44 and the inner plate 45 with pins 47, and the pins 45 pass through the rollers 46. The coil spring 48 is passed between the rollers 46, and the hook 49 at one end is passed over the roller 46 at the end on the rotating disk 20 side, and the hook 49 at the other end is passed over the roller 46 at the end on the brush 42 side.
FIGS. 3 and 4 show the brushes 42 provided in series, and five brushes are attached to each of the outer plate and the inner plate at the tip of the roller chain 43.

  When the turntable 4 is rotated, the roller chain 43 is extended by centrifugal force as shown in FIG. 3, and the brush 42 slides on the inner wall surface, so that effective scraping can be performed. At the time of non-rotation, the roller chain 43 is shortened by the force of the coil spring 48 as shown in FIG.

  According to the result of the experiment of removing the asbestos layer in the chimney in the case where the roller chain 43 provided with the five-folded brush 42 as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. For example, in the former case, all the five brushes 42 slid on the inner wall, while in the latter case, the brush 42 did not contact the inner wall.

  3 and 4, the wing 16 that generates the downward airflow in the chimney as described above is attached between the roller chain 43 attachment positions of the rotating disk 20.

  As the processing tool 4, a brush may be adopted in both stages. Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a combination of a cutter 22, a single blade 23 and a brush 24 may be used. In this example, the asbestos layer is removed while lowering the apparatus in which the cutter 22 and the single blade 23 are mounted on the lower rotating disk 21 and the brush 24 is mounted on the upper rotating disk 20. The asbestos layer 18 is cut with a cutter 22, the asbestos layer 18 is peeled off with a single blade 23, and the remaining asbestos layer 18 is removed with a brush 24.

  In this example, depending on the state of the inner wall of the chimney, there may be a case where the difference in resistance applied to the two-stage processing tool 4 during processing is large and the removal device itself rotates to prevent effective asbestos layer removal. In that case, it can be solved by adjusting the number, shape, and size of the cutter 22, the single blade 23, and the brush 24.

  Also in the examples of FIGS. 5 and 6, the wings 16 that generate the downward airflow in the chimney as described above are attached. The attachment position is between the attachment position of the brush 24 of the turntable 20 and between the attachment position of the cutter 22, the single blade 23 and the brush 24 of the turntable 21.

It is an outline explanatory view of the present invention. It is a side view which shows the example of the processing apparatus in this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the example of mounting | wearing of the processing tool in this invention. It is a top view which shows the example of mounting | wearing of the processing tool in this invention. It is a side view which shows another example of mounting | wearing of the processing tool in this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of mounting | wearing of the processing tool in this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Chimney 2: Smoke inlet 3: Removal device 4: Treatment tool 5: Wire 6: Upper working room 7: Lower working room 8, 9: Security zone 10: Air shower 11: Negative pressure dust collector
12: Stand 13: Scaffolding 14: Pulley 15: Winch 16: Wings 18: Asbestos layer 19: Power unit 20, 21: Turntable 22: Cutter 23: One-sided blade
24: Brush 27: Rotating shaft 28, 29: Donut type rotating board 30: Wheel 31: Gear box 32, 33: Presser ring 34, 35: Presser board 36, 37: Flange
38: support 39: spring 40: motor 41: rotating wheel 42: brush 43: roller chain 44: outer plate 45: inner plate 46: roller 47: pin 48: coil spring 49: hook 50: joint

Claims (6)

An asbestos layer removal method for the inner wall of the chimney characterized by performing the following steps.
(1) An upper working chamber that covers the upper end of the chimney and a lower working chamber that covers the smoke inlet at the lower part of the chimney are provided, and both working chambers are sealed and cured.
(2) Security zones with air showers are provided in both working chambers, and negative pressure dust collectors are provided in the lower working chambers to create negative pressure in the chimney and both working chambers.
(3) The removal device is suspended from the upper working chamber in the chimney.
(4) Remove the asbestos layer on the inner wall surface by rotating the processing tools arranged in two stages in the chimney axis direction of the removal device in opposite directions to the chimney circumferential direction and moving the removal device in the chimney axis direction. Then drop and then clean the inner wall.
(5) The asbestos that has fallen is sealed in bags in the lower working chamber, dust-collected and cleaned, and then transported through the security zone.
(6) Clean the used equipment, curing materials and working room with a vacuum cleaner and remove.   The asbestos layer removing method for the inner wall surface of the chimney according to claim 1, wherein a wing for generating a downward air flow in the chimney is provided at a rotating portion of the removing device in (4).   In (4), the processing tool is disposed on a donut-type rotating disk provided in two stages in the chimney axis direction, and a plurality of wheels are identical between the two-stage donut-shaped rotating disk and the axle is orthogonal to the chimney axis. The asbestos layer removal method for the chimney inner wall surface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the asbestos layer is removed from the chimney inner wall surface in a direction perpendicular to the chimney axis in a plane and press-contacted to a two-stage donut-type rotating disk.   In (4), the treatment tool is attached to the tip of a stretchable body having an elastic body, the stretchable body expands and slides on the inner wall surface when rotating in the chimney circumferential direction, and the stretchable body contracts when not rotating. The asbestos layer removal construction method of the chimney inner wall surface according to any one of claims 1 to 3.    In (4), the treatment tool is a brush, The asbestos layer removing method for the inner wall surface of the chimney according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   In (4), the treatment tool is a combination of a cutter, a single blade, and a brush. Cut the asbestos layer with a cutter, remove the asbestos layer with a single blade, and then remove the remaining asbestos layer with a brush. The asbestos layer removal construction method of the chimney inner wall surface according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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