JP2009128005A - Daylighting and heat collecting/exhausting apparatus of sunlight heat, and its utilization method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem that there is no apparatus having functions of separating sunlight heat poured throughout the year without being limited to summer and winter into heat energy and light energy and simultaneously obtaining heat insulation, heat collection/exhaust, heat storage, shading, daylighting and dispersed light. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of planar heat collecting plates having a plurality of reflective heat collecting chambers receiving sunlight heat and repeating heat reception and reflection are built in a heat insulating storage box with a front heat insulating cover mounted to the front face. Heat collected by the planar heat collecting plates is stored in a single heat storage chamber through each heat conductive part, and the heat storage chamber is connected to external equipment by a heat transfer tube connected to the heat storage chamber to utilize heat and exhaust heat. Alternatively, the heat transfer tube is introduced into a building to utilize heat. Sunlight reflected by the planar heat collecting plate and dimmed can be transmitted from a rear heat insulating cover provided on the rear face of the heat insulating storage box to carry out daylighting indoors. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for collecting and exhausting heat while ensuring daylighting while dimming solar heat, and relates to a solar heat collecting and collecting / exhaust heat apparatus and a method of using the same.

Daylighting and temperature adjustment in the building room is controlled by shading, heat shielding and heat insulation of solar heat, but so-called shutter-type blinds, which are a combination of multiple metal plates in the form of strips, are conventionally used in windows. In the summer, the blinds are closed manually to control the room temperature by shading and shielding, and in the winter it is also opened to collect the light and adjust the room brightness and room temperature.
Further, in recent years, external heat insulating materials have been used on the outer wall surfaces of ordinary houses to form a heat insulating wall on the entire outer wall except the window portion to shield sunlight from heat and to insulate the room.
Further, in high-rise buildings and the like in which the entire window is covered with glass, a glass coating on the glass of the window portion is used to shield and shield the heat with this coating film.
In addition, for greenhouses and greenhouses, sunlight is collected by using vinyl or glass covering the surrounding area. When the room temperature drops in the winter, the temperature rises with a heating device such as a heater, and vinyl and windows are used in the summer. Is fully opened, and a light-shielding curtain is used for light control and temperature control.

JP-A-10-280818

Conventionally, solar heat is not collected and shielded, collected and exhausted, and insulated throughout the year, whether summer or winter. In particular, shutter-type blinds are open in winter and use solar heat indoors in parallel with daylighting in the room. However, if they are closed in the summer and the heat is shut off, daylighting is limited, and indoor lighting is limited. It is necessary to ensure lighting by the device. Further, unnecessary solar heat is collected in the blinds installed on the indoor side, the temperature of the room is excessively raised, and the heat shielding and exhaust heat effects are not achieved. The outer heat insulating wall method is used for heat insulation, but is not a method for collecting and exhausting heat.
In addition, greenhouses and greenhouses are also used to heat indoors with solar heat in the cold season, but the room temperature rises excessively during the daytime when the solar heat falls in the summer. In order to suppress the temperature rise, it is artificially opened to introduce the outside air, or a light-shielding curtain is used to reduce the light and shield the heat, thereby suppressing the excessive rise in the room temperature. No means for ensuring exhaust heat at the same time is used.

  The present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and is to effectively use the light and heat of the sun through the four seasons. Reflected and once incident sunlight and heat are reflected without reflecting in the incident direction, heat is collected to the back of the equipment, and the collected heat energy is temporarily stored and used Therefore, it is used as a heat source for heating the room, as a heat source for various devices, or by temporarily storing the collected heat energy and exhausting it outside the room, thereby suppressing the temperature rise in the room. More specifically, it is used on the windows of buildings for the purpose of daylighting, the outer periphery of a greenhouse or greenhouse, and is used for daylighting and heat insulation in the room, for daylighting and heating in the room, or on the outer wall of the building. By doing so, heat insulation and heat insulation are made possible while ensuring the transmission of sunlight. In addition, it is installed near the ceiling of a building, a greenhouse, or a greenhouse to function as an indoor heat exhaust device and suppress the temperature rise in the room.

In a heat-insulated storage box fitted with a front heat insulation cover on the front, a plurality of planar heat collecting plates with a plurality of reflective heat collecting chambers that receive solar heat and repeat heat reception and reflection are built in to form a planar heat collection The heat collected by the plate is stored in a single heat storage chamber via each heat conduction part, and is connected to external equipment with a heat transfer pipe connected to the heat storage chamber for heat utilization and exhaust heat, or heat While the transfer pipe is introduced into the building and used for heat, sunlight reflected by the planar heat collecting plate and dimmed can be transmitted through the rear heat insulation cover provided on the rear surface of the heat-insulating storage box to enter the room. It is a daylight. Moreover, it uses as an external heat insulating material by using it for the outer wall of a building.
In addition, it is possible to suppress excessive temperature rise by collecting heat in the greenhouse and greenhouse, and by lighting, shielding and exhausting heat in the greenhouse and greenhouse.

  As a solar heat energy collecting method, according to the planar heat collecting plate described above, even if the shape of the solar heat collecting and collecting / exhausting heat apparatus is flat, concave or convex depending on the installation location, sunrise It is possible to collect and exhaust heat while fixing the incident angle without correcting or tracking from sunset to sunset. In addition, once solar heat is incident on the reflective heat collection chamber, it is not reflected on the incident side, so after solar heat that has passed through the glass of the front insulation cover, heat insulation storage with high heat insulation performance that does not cause heat loss The heat is collected by the planar heat collecting plate provided inside the box, and the upper heat storage chamber can collect heat at a higher temperature. In addition, it is possible to separate the sunlight and heat energy by using the rear heat insulation cover, and it is possible to separate sunlight and heat energy, ensuring indoor heat insulation, heat insulation and lighting in summer. Light and heat collection are possible in winter.

By using the solar heat focusing device of the present invention, the solar heat irradiated by the sun is collected in the reflection heat collection chamber without any loss by repeating the reflection of the solar radiation, and is also retroreflected in the solar radiation direction. Since there is no solar radiation heat, it can be used efficiently.
In addition, the collected heat is introduced into the room indoors by a heat transfer pipe such as a heat-insulated pipe and used as a heating source in the winter. In the summer, the heat transfer pipe is connected to an external device such as a hot water storage tank. It can be used as a heat source.
In addition, sunlight that can be used as a heat insulating wall that can be daylighted in the window and is repeatedly reflected in the reflective heat collecting chamber is irradiated with soft light as scattered light inside the room, and the conventional window Irradiation of only a part of the room due to high temperature direct light from can be eliminated.
From the above, it is most suitable for winter use by using the heat transfer pipe of the device of the present invention on the roof and outer wall of the building shown in FIG. 5 as shown on the left side of the figure, and also used as shown on the right side of the figure. Therefore, it is most suitable for use in the summer, and the heat transfer pipe is combined with the left side and the right side, so that it can of course be used in summer and winter, and can be used in seasons other than summer and winter.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, when it is also necessary to daylight the interior of the building, it can be used only for the window part, and can also be used for a greenhouse or a greenhouse as shown in FIG. In this way, the left side and the right side can be combined.
8 and 9 can cover high temperature suppression in a greenhouse, greenhouse, or building by exhaust heat, and can function as indoor ventilation.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, sunlight is not disturbed as much as possible on the front surface of the solar heat collecting and collecting / exhausting heat apparatus, that is, on the side where the sunlight is incident, and heat radiation from the inside is prevented as much as possible. A front heat insulating cover (3) using a possible glass plate or a transparent synthetic resin such as acrylic or polycarbonate is provided, and a rear heat insulating cover (9) having the same characteristics as the front heat insulating cover (3) is provided on the rear surface. Between the front and rear heat insulation covers (3, 9), that is, the opening height and thickness of the reflection heat collecting chamber become smaller as the front surface increases and the rear surface decreases. The heat collecting storage box (1) is built into the multi-layered order in order to incorporate the surface heat collecting plate (2) that spreads in the shape of the solar light that collects and collects incident solar heat. The inside of the heat insulating storage box (1) To the top of each of the planar heat collecting plates (2). A heat converging part (4) for converging the heat of the planar heat collecting plate (2), and a heat storage chamber (6) is provided on the upper part of the heat converging part (4) via a heat conducting part (5). Store heat temporarily.

  Next, the heat energy stored in the heat storage chamber (6) is transferred to the outside or the room via a heat transfer pipe (8) such as a heat-insulated coated metal or non-ferrous metal pipe connected to the heat storage chamber (6). Heat transfer to

FIG. 1 is a front view of an apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the heat insulating storage box (1) has a box shape and has a heat insulating structure. In addition to the box shape, the shape may be a triangle, a polygon, a circle, a semicircle, or the like.
In the direction in which sunlight heat is radiated, that is, in the right side direction in FIG. 2, a front heat insulating cover (3) made of a synthetic resin such as a glass plate or transparent acrylic or polycarbonate that allows the transmission of sunlight heat is insulated and stored. It is attached in a state of sealing the inside of the box (1). A multilayer heat collecting plate (2) is provided inside the heat insulation storage box (1), and is fixedly attached to the heat insulation storage box (1).

The planar heat collecting plate (2) is composed of a plurality of layers composed of planar heat collecting plate members (2A), (2B) and (2C) having the same external shape, and each member (2A to 2C) has six layers. It has a rectangular honeycomb structure, and is a metal or non-metallic material that reflects sunlight and can receive heat, and specifically, an aluminum material or an aluminum foil. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the opening heights (H1, H2, H3) of the reflective heat collecting chambers (U, V, W) of the hexagonal honeycomb structure of each planar heat collecting plate member (2A-2C). The thickness (T1, T2, T3) is decreased gradually as it goes from T1 to T3, and the surface heat collecting plate member (3) from the front heat insulating cover (3) side. 2A, 2B, 2C).
On the upper surface of the planar heat collecting plate (2), a heat converging portion (4) made of the same material as the planar heat collecting plate (2) is in close contact, and this heat converging portion is also in contact. A box-shaped heat storage chamber (6) is in contact with the upper part of (4) via a heat conducting portion (5).

A heat transfer pipe (8) is connected to the heat storage chamber (6), and is in a state of protruding to the outside of the heat insulating storage box (1) so as to be convenient for connection with an external device. ) Itself is thermally insulated on the outside with a heat insulating material (7). Moreover, the connection part of a heat transfer pipe (8) and a heat insulation storage box (1) is also heat insulation.
In addition, a rear heat insulating cover (9) having the same characteristics as the front heat insulating cover (3) is provided at the position facing the front heat insulating cover (3) and on the rear side of the planar heat collecting plate (2). Used to keep heat in the heat-insulating storage box (1).

  Further, the heat conduction part (5) in contact with the heat storage chamber (6) is arranged so as to be opposite to the heat transfer pipe (8), and the heat collected in the heat converging part (4) is It is made to store in a thermal storage chamber (6) via a heat conductive part (5). The purpose of preventing heat from flowing back to the heat collecting plate (2) and stably supplying heat to the heat transfer pipe (8) in the shade and at night due to clouds with reduced solar radiation. Therefore, the volume of the heat storage chamber (6) is made as large as possible, and at the same time, the heat conducting section (5) is arranged in the opposite direction not close to the heat transfer pipe (8).

  The solar heat collecting and collecting / exhausting heat apparatus according to the present invention is installed above the ground, the front heat insulating cover (3) side is the side that receives solar radiation, and the heat transfer pipe (8) is on the upper side. In addition, since the sun's height and solar radiation angle change according to the four seasons, it can be made movable according to the change.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show a state in which solar heat is applied to the solar heat collecting and collecting / exhausting heat device of the present invention, and a planar heat collecting plate (2) is passed through a front heat insulating cover (3). The solar heat (a) is shown by two light traces for the sake of convenience in the state where solar heat is radiated in the reflection heat collecting chamber (U) of the planar heat collecting plate member (2A) to be configured.
The solar heat (a) is transmitted through the front heat insulating cover (3), is radiated at the incident angle α on the lower surface of the space of the reflection heat collecting chamber (U), and is reflected at the reflection angle β. At this time, the incident point (P1) and the reflection point (P2) receive the solar photothermal energy and receive heat by radiation, and if the solar heat continues to be continuously radiated, the inside of the reflection heat collecting chamber (U) As the temperature rises and accumulates, the heat is conducted to the reflection heat collecting chamber (U) located on the upper floor as time passes, and finally, the heat is focused on the heat focusing section (4).

Since the planar heat collecting plate (2) of the present invention is laminated in the order of the planar heat collecting plate members (2A) (2B) (2C) as shown in FIG. 4, the planar heat collecting plate member (2A) The solar heat radiated in the reflective heat collecting chamber (U) of the light enters the reflective heat collecting chamber (V) of the planar heat collecting plate member (2B), and the solar heat energy is reflected at the reflecting point (P2). The heat is received by radiation, and the received heat is thermally focused on the heat focusing portion (4) in the same manner as the planar heat collecting plate member (2A).
Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4, the planar heat collecting plate member (2B) is incident on the planar heat collecting plate member (2C) and is reflected at the reflection point (P3). ). At this time, the thermal energy radiated by the planar heat collecting plate member (2A) is attenuated when reaching the planar heat collecting plate member (2C).
Thus, the heat energy collected by the planar heat collecting plate members (2A), (2B), and (2C) is conducted to the heat converging unit (4), and the heat provided on the upper portion of the heat converging unit (4). Heat is stored in the heat storage chamber (6) through the conductive portion (5).
Accordingly, the heat energy stored in the heat storage chamber (6) is introduced into the heat transfer pipe (8) covered with the heat insulating material (7) without heat loss, and the heat transfer pipe (8) is placed in the room. It can be used as a heat source for various devices by connecting it to an external device for outdoor temperature rise.

  Here, the reason why the planar heat collecting plate (2) shown in FIG. 2 is formed in a plurality of layers like the planar heat collecting plate members (2A), (2B) and (2C) is simply the planar heat collecting plate. If only the plate member (2A) is used alone and the planar heat collecting plate member (2A) has a thickness T1 of T, the planar heat collecting plate (2) is expanded to T. Although regular reflection is repeated, the reflected light and heat reach the rear, but since the number of reflections is small in this state, a considerable amount of light and heat energy is behind the rear heat insulation cover (9) of the heat insulating storage box (1). This is because the heat collection due to radiation is small, and it cannot be said that solar heat can be effectively used by separating it into sunlight and heat energy.

In order to increase the number of reflections of solar heat incident on the planar heat collecting plate (2), the reflecting heat collecting chambers (U, V, and 2C) of the respective planar heat collecting plate members (2A) (2B) (2C) This can be realized by setting the thicknesses T1 to T3 of W) and the heights H1 to H3 to be reduced for a while. As shown in FIG. 4, after the incidence of solar heat, incidence and reflection are repeated more frequently until the planar heat collecting plate member (2C) located at the rear part is reached, and each of the reflection heat collecting chambers (U, V, W) is repeated. ) Receives a considerable amount of heat energy by receiving heat at the time of incidence and reflection, so that the heat energy received by the planar heat collecting plate members (2A), (2B), and (2C) considerably increases the heat collecting effect. . Accordingly, each solar heat energy reaching the planar heat collecting plate member (2C) is attenuated, there is almost no reflection toward the front which is the incident direction, and it is almost non-reflective, and the rear heat insulating cover (9 ) Is also attenuated, so that most of the solar projection energy is applied to the upper part of the planar heat collecting plate members (2A), (2B), and (2C) and to the heat converging part (4) by thermal convection. It will be in a heated state.
The thermal energy heated by the heat converging part (4) is stored in the heat storage chamber (6) through the heat conduction part (5) by heat convection. At this time, since the heat insulating storage box (1) has a heat insulating structure, the heat storage energy in the heat storage chamber (6) is retained.

On the other hand, the light energy is reduced by being incident or reflected by the planar heat collecting plate members (2A, 2B, 2C), but can be transmitted through the rear heat insulating cover (9).
In addition, the light energy reflected by the planar heat collecting plate member (2C) in the heat insulating storage box (1) is, as shown in FIG. Since the amount of light is dispersed upward like the dispersed light C, the light is transmitted through the rear heat insulating cover (9) in a dimmed state and is dispersed in the vertical and horizontal directions (up and down in the figure). The light is emitted to the outside of the heat insulating storage box (1). Therefore, in the current window structure that does not use the device of the present invention, since sunlight directly enters, the incident light is concentrated and incident only on a part of the room as direct light that is not dispersed. The temperature rises and it becomes necessary to shield the light with a blind.

What is shown in FIG. 5 shows the Example utilized for the roof and outer wall of a building as an outer heat insulation wall, and it can utilize also for the heat collection to a room | chamber interior. The collected heat energy can also be used through a heat storage device such as a hot water storage tank. In this case, the heat insulation storage box (1) does not use the rear heat insulation cover (9), but increases the number of sheet heat collecting plate members of the heat insulation storage box and transmits light energy as a heat insulation storage box without the rear heat insulation cover. You may use what was made into the structure which blocks | prevents.
FIG. 6 is used for heat insulation of a window and heat collection in a room, and enables daylighting. In this case, as described with reference to FIG. 4, the heat energy is attenuated by repeating the incidence and reflection of solar heat on the planar heat collecting plate members (2A, 2B, 2C), but the solar heat has already entered the heat storage chamber (6). Since heat is stored and light energy decreases at the same time, even if the entire device is covered with the device of the present invention, lighting is ensured, and it acts as an appropriate blind while simultaneously insulating the window and collecting heat into the room. It is possible to demonstrate the effect as. In this case, when the amount of light energy transmitted through the rear heat insulating cover (9) is large, the amount of transmitted light can be suppressed by using a filter or the like for the rear heat insulating cover (9).
In addition, although this invention apparatus is protruded and installed from a window part, you may install this invention apparatus directly instead of the conventional window glass.
FIG. 7 shows that the apparatus of the present invention can be used in a greenhouse and in a greenhouse, so that temperature can be suppressed by heat collection and heat insulation while securing lighting as in the case of using the window of FIG. It enables high temperature control in the house and greenhouse. Further, the collected heat energy can be used through a heat storage device such as a hot water storage tank at night when solar heat does not reach.

  The one shown in FIG. 8 is installed near the ceiling in the greenhouse, and the one shown in FIG. 9 is installed near the ceiling of the building. The temperature is suppressed by heat transfer to the outside of the building or the outside of the building, and the high temperature existing in the greenhouse or in the indoor upper layer of the building is exhausted. In addition, if an external device is installed outside the greenhouse or outside the building, this exhaust heat can be used as a heat source for the external device. At this time, the heat transfer pipe (8) may be installed on the side of the planar heat collecting plate member (2A) opposite to the position in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 6, one of the heat transfer pipes (8) is indoors and the other is outdoor. Therefore, the heat transfer pipes (outdoors) of FIGS. When combined, it functions in the same way as in FIG. 6. In the example of FIGS. 5 to 7, it functions as a heat transfer pipe to the room in winter and as a heat transfer pipe to the outside in summer. It can be used as open or closed.

The front view of this invention apparatus, the figure which showed a part in cross section AA line sectional view of FIG. Illustration of the incident and reflection conditions when sunlight enters the front side of the planar heat collecting plate Description of the incident and reflection conditions when sunlight enters the planar heat collecting plate An embodiment of a method of utilizing the apparatus of the present invention for a roof and an outer wall of a building An embodiment of a method of using the apparatus of the present invention for a building window Examples of methods for utilizing the apparatus of the present invention in greenhouses and greenhouses Examples of methods for utilizing the apparatus of the present invention in greenhouses and greenhouses An embodiment of a method of using the apparatus of the present invention in a building room

Explanation of symbols

1, heat insulation storage box 2, planar heat collecting plates 2A, 2B, 2C, planar heat collecting plate member 3, front heat insulating cover 4, heat converging unit 5, heat conducting unit 6, heat storage chamber 7, heat insulating material 8, Heat transfer tube 9, rear heat insulation cover

Claims (6)

A front heat insulating cover (3) that can transmit solar heat on the front surface and a rear heat insulating cover (9) that can also transmit solar heat on the rear surface, and the whole has heat insulation performance and has a box shape. Inside the heat insulating storage box (1), a plurality of reflection heat collection chambers (U, V, W) that receive solar heat and repeat heat reception and reflection are received, and the plurality of reflection heat collection chambers ( The opening height and thickness of U, V, and W) incorporate a planar heat collecting plate (2) configured to gradually decrease from the direction of sunlight to the rear, and the planar heat collecting plate ( 2), a heat converging part (4) for heat conducting and collecting the heat in the plurality of reflection heat collecting chambers (U, V, W) is disposed in contact with the heat converging part (4). ), A heat storage chamber (6) in the heat conduction section (5), and a heat transfer pipe (8) in the heat storage chamber (6), respectively, to heat the focused heat of the heat focusing section (4). After accumulating heat from the conducting part (5) to the heat accumulating chamber (6), heat is collected or exhausted from the heat transfer pipe (8), and the front heat insulating cover (3), the planar heat collecting plate (2), and the rear heat insulating material. A solar heat collecting and collecting / exhausting heat apparatus, wherein sunlight is transmitted through the cover (9). The solar heat collecting and collecting / exhausting heat device according to claim 1, wherein the heat conducting section (5) is in contact with the heat storage chamber (6) in an opposite direction not close to the heat transfer pipe (8). A method for using solar heat collecting and collecting / exhausting heat apparatus, in which a solar heat collecting and collecting / exhausting heat apparatus is installed in a window of a building to collect sunlight heat and collect / exhaust heat indoors. A method of using solar heat collecting and collecting / exhausting heat apparatus, in which solar heat collecting and collecting / exhausting heat apparatus is installed on the outer periphery of buildings, greenhouses and greenhouses to collect sunlight heat and collect / exhaust heat indoors. Solar heat sampling and collection heat collection equipment installed in the upper layers of greenhouses and greenhouses and the end of the heat transfer pipe (8) installed outside the room to collect and exhaust heat indoors How to use thermal equipment. A solar heat collecting and collecting heat exhausting device for installing solar heat collecting and collecting heat exhausting device on the indoor upper layer of the building, and installing the tube end of the heat transfer pipe (8) outside to collect indoor exhaust heat. How to use

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