JPS6025705B2 - Solar heating system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a solar heating system, and more particularly to a solar heating system installed in a spandrel of a curtain wall of a building.

Curtain wall here refers to a lightweight wall made of factory-produced materials and installed loosely together for the purpose of blocking external wind, rain, sunlight, noise, etc. as an exterior wall that does not require mechanical strength.
Also, the spandrel section refers to the window section in the curtain wall and the window section on the lower floor, and refers to the section located on the outdoor side of the floor slab.The spandrel section of the curtain wall in conventional buildings is simply the outer wall of the building. It is made up of parts and decorated with metal plates, tiles, etc. as appropriate from the aesthetic point of view of the external appearance of the building.Some are made of transparent materials such as glass, but this does not use smoked glass etc. They were designed to harmonize in appearance with other window glass for daylighting, and none were actively designed to utilize solar energy.

An object of the present invention is to arrange a heat collector in a hollow space on the indoor side of a spandrel part of a curtain wall, and to heat the hollow space by absorbing solar heat energy irradiated into the hollow space, thereby discharging cold air inside the room. It is used especially in the winter, and is heated by a heating element that is guided into a hollow space and then circulated and supplied to the room by using convection due to the temperature rise. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar heating system that is inexpensive and does not require power.

Another object of the present invention is to control the amount of heat collected by the heat collector depending on seasonal and time changes by further providing a light amount adjusting device on the outdoor side of the heat collector. The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a spandrel portion 1 is formed in a part of a curtain wall formed by vertical mulls 100 and horizontal frame members 101, 102. The spandrel portion 1 is formed across the lower frame 101 of the window of the upper room 3 and the upper frame 102 of the window of the lower room 4, which are divided into upper and lower parts via the slab 2. The surface material 5 disposed on the spandrel portion is made of a transparent material such as glass, preferably a transparent material with high infrared transmittance. A hollow space 7 is formed by sealing all sides of the space between the surface material 5, the vertical fireproof board 6, and the horizontal fireproof board 99 connecting the bottom end of the surface material and the vertical fireproof board 6. In the above-mentioned space 7, a light amount adjusting device 8, a heat collector 9, and a heat insulating device 10 are provided from the outdoor side to the indoor side, covering almost the entire light-transmitting area of the surface material. Of the above, the heat collector 9 and the heat insulator 10 are closely arranged, and the light amount adjustment device 8 and the heat collector 9
An overflow passage 11 and a cold air passage 12 are formed at a predetermined interval between the insulation device 10 and the indoor wall 6, respectively. still,
Beneath the heat collector 9 and the heat insulating device 10, the striped air passages 11 and the cold air passages 12 are closely spaced. The light amount adjustment device 8 is made of a material such as a shiny aluminum plate with high reflectance and formed into a shutter shape.
The angle of each louver is such that when the angle of incidence is small, such as during winter sunshine hours, the sun's rays are reflected by the louvers and enters the heat collector 9, as shown by arrow W, and when the incidence angle is large, as during summer sunshine hours, as shown by the arrow W. As shown by S, it is designed so that sunlight is reflected to the outside and does not enter the heat collector 9. The outer surface of the heat collector 9 is painted black with good heat absorption, or is formed into a selective absorption surface with high heat absorption and low heat radiation. In the embodiment, the heat collector 9 also serves as a heat storage device.

That is, the heat collector 9 is made of an aluminum plate or the like in which a material having a large heat content, such as fluid paraffin, is sealed. Further, the heat insulating device 10 is formed by making glass wool or the like into a side witch shape.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a cold air inlet that is closed toward the indoor side of the upper room 3 in the upper part of the hollow space 7, and 14 is a warm air outlet that is provided in the same manner as the cold air inlet 13, and both are spaced apart from each other in the direction of the outside and outside of the room. The openings communicate with the cold air passage 12 and the cold air passage 11, respectively.

The light amount adjustment device 8, the heat collector 9, and the heat insulation device 10 are connected to the frame 15.
The frame body 15 is attached to the mounting bracket 16 to form a unit.
, 17 in the space 7 to facilitate assembly and mounting. Note that 18 is a heat insulating material that prevents the heat of the heat collector 9 from being conducted to other parts. In the above embodiment, if the light amount adjustment device 8 is excluded, when sunlight passes through the surface material 5 and irradiates the heat collector 9 during winter sunshine hours, the temperature of the heat collector increases.

Furthermore, when the temperature rises higher than the temperature inside the upper room 3, warm air heated by the surface of the heat collector is supplied into the room from the warm air outlet 14 via the hot air passage 11, and due to natural convection. The cold air in the room is taken in from the cold air inlet 13 through the cold air passage 12, reaches below the heat collector 9, and repeats the heating cycle. If the heat collector 9 is constituted by a heat storage device as in the embodiment, it becomes possible to use the heating device at night in winter. That is, if irradiation from a normal daylight window is sufficient during the day, the cold air inlet 13 and the waist air outlet 14 may be closed during the day, and opened at night to be used for heating. In summer, the cold air inlet 13 and warm air outlet 14 are closed to prevent the room temperature from rising. When the light amount adjustment device 8 is installed, as described above, in winter, sunlight passing through the surface material 5 is reflected toward the heat collector 9 and effectively absorbed by the heat collector, as shown by the arrow W. .

Further, in the summer, as shown by arrow S, the light is reflected outdoors and is not absorbed by the heat collector 9. Therefore, in this case, the room temperature will not rise even if the cold air inlet 13 and the waist air outlet 14 are not closed during the summer. In the embodiment, the louver of the light amount adjusting device is fixed, but it is advantageous to use a movable louver because the solar rays can be absorbed or reflected by the heat collector in response to changes in the angle of incidence of the solar rays. Further, this light amount adjusting device may be of a roll-up type shutter type, or may be provided in an eaves type on the outdoor side of the surface material. In other words, it is sufficient that the sun's rays do not enter the heat collector when the sun is high in the summer, but enter the heat collector when heating is required in the winter. In FIGS. 3 and 4 showing another embodiment of the present invention, the cold air passage 12A is connected to the heat collector 9 by using a conduit.
It is configured on the holiday side of A and guides the cold air in the room below the heat collector.

In the first embodiment, a heat insulating device 10 was provided between the heat collector 9 and the cold air passage 12 in order to prevent the cold air passage 12 from being flooded with the heat collector 9, but in the second embodiment, the cold air passage 12A Since it is located on the side of the heat collector 9A and is hardly flooded, the heat insulating device is omitted. Further, the heat collector 9A is configured horizontally. Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the light amount adjusting device 8A is constituted by reflective plates arranged in a radial manner, so that sunlight can be absorbed or reflected over a wide range of sunlight incident angles. The present invention thus constructed has many advantages listed below.

According to the first invention, (1) It is possible to heat a room in winter by utilizing solar heat by utilizing the spandrel portion of a building, which has not been used in the past.

[2] If the height of the cold air inlet and the warm air outlet are the same and the inside of the cavity becomes cold, it is possible to prevent the cold air from flowing back into the room.

Once installed, solar heat can be used without the need for any power due to the thermosiphon principle.

{4- A transparent plate can be installed on the outside of the hollow ripening space to prevent heat dissipation.

■ The fireproof plates 6 and 99 are indispensable in the curtain wall to prevent the spread of fire from the lower floor to the upper floor in the event of a fire, but in the present invention, the heat collector housing space is made up of both fireproof plates and the surface material. By clever design, a casing for the heat collector is not necessary or only four casings are needed for installation.

That is, it is sufficient to simply install a heat collector between the fireproof plate and the surface material using the framework of the curtain wall. For this reason, the distance between the floor slab and the force-ten wall material (generally 170 to 2
The heat collector can be set using the 5. Shelf According to the above, even if the same designed curtain wall is used for a surface other than the solar radiation surface, the only difference is the presence or absence of a heat collector, and there is no need to separately design the solar heat utilization surface and the other aspects of the entire building. According to the second invention, in addition to the first invention, there are the following advantages.

By providing the light amount adjustment device on the outdoor side of the heat collector, it is possible to control the amount of heat collected depending on seasonal and time changes.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view of FIG. 3.

1... Spandrel, 5... Surface material,
6...Vertical fireproof plate, 7...Cavity space, 8,8A...Light amount adjustment device, 9,9A...
... Heat collector, 11 ... Hot air passage, 12, 12
A...Cold air passage, 13...Cold air inlet,
14...Warm air outlet, 99...Horizontal fireproof plate.

Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A solar heating system installed in the spandrels of a curtain wall in a building, in which the surface material disposed in the spandrels is made of a transparent material, and the indoor side of the surface material is A vertical fireproof plate is installed at the outdoor end of the slab, and a horizontal fireproof plate is placed between the lower end of the spandrel and the vertical fireproof plate, and the above light-transmitting plate is installed in the hollow space formed between the above surface material and both fireproof plates. A heat collector is provided that is heated by solar heat transmitted through the surface material, and a cold air inlet that opens into the room and a warm air outlet that supplies hot air into the room are separated from each other at the top of the hollow space. The cool air introduced into the room is guided into the space below the heat collector through a separated cold air passage, and the heat collector heated by solar heat heats the cold air inside the hollow space, thus A heating device using solar heat, characterized in that warm air rising in a space is circulated and supplied into a room from a warm air outlet. 2. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heat collector is constituted by a heat storage device. 3. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the cold air passage is formed within the hollow space and on the indoor side of the heat collector. 4. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein cold air passages are formed within the hollow space and on both left and right outer sides of the heat collector. 5 A solar heating system installed in the spandrels of a curtain wall in a building, in which the surface material disposed in the spandrels is made of a transparent material, and the indoor side of the surface material is perpendicular to the outdoor end of the floor slab. A fireproof plate is provided, and a horizontal fireproof plate is placed between the lower end of the spandrel and the vertical fireproof plate, and solar heat transmitted through the transparent surface material enters the hollow space formed between the surface material and both fireproof plates. In addition, a cold air inlet that opens into the room at the top of the hollow space and a warm air outlet that supplies hot air into the room are provided in isolation from each other, and the indoor cold air introduced from the cold air inlet is The cold air is guided into the space below the heat collector through an insulated cold air passage, and the heat collector heated by solar heat warms the cold air in the hollow space, thus causing warm air to rise in the space. A light amount adjustment device is provided on the outdoor side of the heat collector over almost the entire light-transmitting area of the surface material, so that the incident angle changes depending on the season. A heating device using solar heat, characterized in that sunlight is selectively incident on a heat collector. 6. The heating device according to claim 5, wherein the heat collector is constituted by a heat storage device. 7. The heating device according to claim 5, wherein the cold air passage is formed within the hollow space and on the indoor side of the heat collector. 8. The heating device according to claim 5, wherein cold air passages are formed within the hollow space and on both left and right outer sides of the heat collector.