JP2009115073A - Fuel cell-mounted type engine part 3 - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate the necessity of a circulation compressor etc. in a hydrogen circulation system to easily achieve operation by performing catalytic cracking in hydrogen of refined naphtha in the presence of ammonia instead of circulation hydrogen gas in a fuel cell-mounted type engine. <P>SOLUTION: Refined naphtha is mixed with ammonia and decomposition is performed by using exhaust heat of the engine. Crude gasoline and hydrogen are generated and rotational energy is taken out. The refined naphtha and ammonia to be mixed with each other are treated at 1-4 of a molar ratio. A catalyst for decomposition of the refined naphtha and ammonia is prepared based on a Ni-based catalyst, and silica alumina and zeolite etc. are used as a carrier. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

Energy-saving technology related to engines using fuel cells

Hydrogen generation technology, hydrocarbon decomposition technology, energy saving technology

Invented a patent (P2002-317188A) that achieves a dehydrocyclization reaction under hydrogen using exhaust heat of the engine as a fuel cell-mounted engine, and as a patent application (2005-175657) for diesel Although the invention of extracting hydrogen from NH ₃ has been made, it has been found that it is easy to generate hydrogen by using NH ₃ as a heat recovery method for exhaust heat of the engine.
Instead of circulating hydrogen gas, purified naphtha is catalytically cracked under hydrogen in the presence of ammonia, thereby eliminating the need for a circulating compressor or the like of the hydrogen circulation system and easily achieving operation.

Means to solve the problem

In order to carry out the dehydrocyclization reaction from purified naphtha, the presence of hydrogen, a catalyst, and a heat source that complements the endothermic reaction are required. Purified naphtha becomes a product with a high octane number by dehydrocyclization reaction, which makes it easy to operate the gasoline engine, but purchase ordinary gasoline dehydrogenated in a refinery from a commercial store, Although it is operating, the content of the patent (P2002-317788A) refers to a mechanism that uses exhaust heat of the engine to take hydrogen for the fuel cell from purified naphtha and simultaneously generate crude gasoline. One of the disadvantages of this invention is that the dehydration cyclization reaction requires conditions of high temperature and under hydrogen, and the trouble of using the hydrogen as a hydrogen circulator using a part of the engine is incorporated. There is a lack of feasibility. The other thing is that no catalyst has been discovered that demonstrates sufficient capacity. As a means for solving these problems, when NH ₃ is used, ammonia decomposes hydrogen into nitrogen at a low temperature. As a result, purified naphtha can be inserted into the dehydration cyclization reactor in a hydrogen and nitrogen atmosphere.
Since ammonia has a pressure of about 10 kg / cmG at room temperature, using that pressure can cover the pressure loss in the system and lead the purified naphtha injected together to the reactor. Can be avoided. On the other hand, nitrogen can be used as a heat medium, and there is no problem with the fuel cell on the catalyst and downstream. That is, an unnecessary system for circulating hydrogen compressor can be provided.

The invention's effect

If this method is used, the consumption of gasoline will be halved or less.
Operational maintenance of the fuel cell system is improved.

A part of the exhaust heat of the engine is bypassed to secure reaction heat for dehydrogenation, and the purified naphtha is mixed with ammonia, and the temperature is sequentially raised by a group of heat exchangers in the exhaust gas and enters the reaction tower. The temperature at this time is preferably 600 ° C. or higher, but the exhaust gas temperature is 600 to 900 ° C., which can be sufficiently achieved. Since ammonia is sealed in the liquid valve tank, the flow of One through is made using the inside and outside of the pressure 10 kg / cm ² G. See Fig-1.

Industrial applicability

Extremely high, Co ₂ reduction of as global warming, come true to energy saving.

Overall view

Explanation of symbols

A. Engine H ₁ , H ₂ , H ₃ heat exchanger B. Engine exhaust gas a. Air C.I. turbo. Charger b, ammonia R. Reactor n, naphtha M. Membrane, separator h, hydrogen rich gas and nitrogen gas F, fuel cell D ₁ , ammonia tank D ₂ , naphtha tank D ₃ , crude gasoline D ₄ , water tank P, precision filter

Claims (13)

In a fuel cell-mounted engine, more specifically, in a gasoline engine, a refined naphtha is used as a fuel for the gasoline engine, and ammonia is used as a hydrogen source for a fuel cell. A method that uses engine exhaust heat to decompose, generate crude gasoline and hydrogen, use the refined naphtha as much as possible, and extract rotational energy The method according to claim 1, wherein the purified naphtha and the ammonia are mixed at a molar ratio of 1 to 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the decomposition of the purified naphtha and the ammonia is performed using 1/3 to 2/3 of the exhaust heat of the engine. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the purified naphtha and the ammonia is increased by using heat exchange at an outlet of the engine intercode-1 turbo charger, heat exchange of a bypass line of exhaust heat, or the like. The refined naphtha and the catalyst for decomposing ammonia are mainly made of a Ni-based catalyst, and silica alumina, zeolite or the like is used as a carrier. The method of claim 1, wherein the turbo charger of the engine is 1.5 times or more than a normal turbo charge-. The method according to claim 1, wherein a double pipe is inserted into the exhaust heat line of the engine to bring the exhaust heat temperature to a high temperature state. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is operated with the generated hydrogen and the engine is operated using the generated crude gasoline or the like. The method according to claim 1, wherein the electric power generated in the fuel cell is used to assist the operation of the engine and at the same time the necessary electric power in the system is supplied. The method of claim 1, wherein the turbocharger is used to boost the fuel cell to operate effectively. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein air that has been pressurized by the turbocharger is further passed through a precision filter to effectively operate the fuel cell to purify Air. The process of claim 1 wherein the ammonia comprises a hydrocarbon, Hydrolite. The method of claim 1, wherein the crude gasoline contains a slow hydrogen material, a portion of the ammonia hydrogen.

Images