JP2009114913A - Fluid sucking/discharging device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pump obtaining a good cell sealing effect even in case of small size, enabling good action even if fluid includes particles, and having a simple structure. <P>SOLUTION: A first cell is formed by inner surfaces of cover plates 22, 23, an inner peripheral surface of a cam ring 21, an outer peripheral surface of a rotor 6, surfaces of rotor recessed portions 61A, 61B, 61C, 61D, and outer peripheral surfaces of two rollers adjacent to each other. A second cell is formed by a rotor recessed portion surface and a roller outer peripheral surface. Concerning a rotating direction of a drive rotating shaft 4, in a first angle range wherein the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 21 and a rotor rotating center X exceeds the shortest bearing and reaches the longest bearing, first and second sucking holes communicating the first and second cells and a sucking port 81 are formed on the cover plate 22. In a second angle range wherein the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 21 and the rotor rotating center X exceeds the longest bearing and reaches the shortest bearing, first and second discharging holes 93, 94 communicating the first and second cells and a discharging port 82 are formed on the cover plate 23. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid suction / discharge device such as a pump and a compressor, and particularly to a rotary positive displacement fluid suction / discharge device using a rotor.

A typical example of a rotary pump that is a positive displacement pump is a vane pump. In the vane pump, as described in JP-A-5-52187 (Patent Document 1), a large number of slits are provided radially in the rotor rotating in the ring, and the vanes can be moved in the radial direction of the rotor by the slits. Holds to be. By rotating the rotor, the compartment formed by the rotor and the cam ring or the like moves from the suction side to the discharge side, and at that time, the volume of the compartment changes to suck and discharge fluid.
JP-A-5-52187

  However, in the conventional vane pump as described in Patent Document 1, the vane is held so as to be in surface contact with the inner surface of the slit. For this reason, especially when the fluid is like a sludge containing particles, the particles may enter between the slit and the vane, so that the smooth movement of the vane in the radial direction of the rotor may not be possible. As a result, good pumping action is hindered and efficiency may be reduced.

  In particular, in a small vane pump, it is difficult to increase the centrifugal force acting on the vane as the rotor rotates, so that the transition between the volume increasing process and the volume decreasing process is performed between adjacent compartments. In this case, the fluid movement cannot be prevented and the sealing action cannot be sufficiently enhanced, so that the good pumping action is hindered and the efficiency is lowered.

  Such a problem also exists in compressors for compressing compressible fluids with a similar structure.

  In view of the technical problems as described above, the present invention can provide a good compartment sealing action even if it is small in size, and can have a good action even if the fluid contains particles and has a simple structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid suction / discharge device such as a simple pump and compressor.

According to the present invention, the object as described above is achieved.
A casing having a cam ring and cover plates attached to both ends of the cam ring;
A drive rotary shaft inserted into the casing and positioned eccentric from the cam ring;
A rotor that is attached to the drive rotation shaft in the casing and has a plurality of recesses arranged in a circumferential direction around the rotation center of the drive rotation shaft;
A plurality of rollers housed in each of the plurality of recesses so as to be movable along a radial direction with respect to a rotation center of the drive rotation shaft;
A suction port and a discharge port formed in the cover plate;
Each of the rollers has a rotationally symmetric center in a direction parallel to the rotational center of the drive rotary shaft,
A first compartment is formed by the inner surface of the cover plate, the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring, the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, the surface of the recess, and the outer peripheral surfaces of two rollers adjacent to each other,
A second compartment is formed by the surface of the recess and the outer peripheral surface of the roller,
With respect to the rotation direction of the drive rotation shaft, the first and second intervals are within a first angle region in which the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring and the rotation center of the rotor exceed the shortest direction and reach the longest direction. A suction path is formed to communicate the chamber and the suction port;
With respect to the rotation direction of the drive rotation shaft, the first and second distances are within a second angle region in which the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring and the rotation center of the rotor exceed the longest direction and reach the shortest direction. A fluid suction / discharge device characterized in that a discharge path is formed to communicate the chamber and the discharge port;
Is provided.

  In one aspect of the present invention, the suction path includes a first suction hole formed to connect the first compartment and the suction port in the first angle region to the cover plate. The discharge path includes a first discharge hole formed to connect the first compartment and the discharge port in the second angle region to the cover plate. In one aspect of the present invention, the suction path includes a second suction hole formed to connect the second compartment and the suction port in the first angle region to the cover plate. The discharge path includes a second discharge hole formed to connect the second compartment and the discharge port in the second angle region to the cover plate.

  In one aspect of the present invention, the suction port and the discharge port are formed in the cover plates on opposite sides. In one aspect of the present invention, the suction port and the discharge port are formed in the same cover plate.

  In one aspect of the present invention, the fluid suction / discharge device is a pump, and the first discharge hole constituting the discharge path is formed over an angle range of half or more of the second angle region. In one aspect of the present invention, the fluid suction / discharge device is a compressor, and the first discharge hole constituting the discharge path is within an angular range of less than half near the shortest azimuth of the second angle region. Is formed.

  According to the present invention, the roller is pressed against the inner surface of the cam ring by a large centrifugal force acting on the roller as the rotor rotates, and the inner surface of the roller recess and the outer peripheral surface of the roller that is in line contact with the inner surface of the rotor even if the fluid contains particles. Since there are few particles intervening between them, a good chamber sealing action can be obtained even with a small size, and even if the fluid contains particles, a good action is possible, and a pump and compressor with a simple structure A fluid suction / discharge device is provided.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a first embodiment of a pump as a fluid suction / discharge device according to the present invention. FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views showing the assembled state. FIG. FIG.

  The casing 2 includes a cylindrical cam ring 21 and cover plates 22 and 23 attached to both ends of the cam ring 21. A drive rotating shaft 4 is inserted into the casing 2. The drive rotating shaft 4 is attached to the cover plate 22 via a radial bearing 24 and to the cover plate 23 via a radial bearing 25 and a thrust bearing 26 so as to be rotatable around a rotation center X. ing. The axially symmetric center Y of the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 21 is parallel to the rotation center X and is eccentric from the rotation center X by a distance d. The drive rotation shaft 4 is coupled to a rotation drive source (not shown), for example, an output shaft of an electric motor.

  In the casing 2, a rotor 6 is attached to the drive rotating shaft 4 by key coupling. The drive rotating shaft 4 and the rotor 6 rotate in the direction of the arrow Ar. The rotation center X of the drive rotation shaft 4 is also the rotation center of the rotor 6. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the rotor 6 and the cylindrical shape of the cam ring 21 are located above the rotor rotational center X in the vertical plane including the rotational center X and the axially symmetric center Y. The inner peripheral surface comes into contact. That is, the distance between the inner circumferential surface of the cam ring 21 and the rotor rotation center X is the shortest in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation center X. On the other hand, in the vertical plane including the rotation center X and the axis of symmetry Y, the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the rotor 6 and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 21 are most separated below the rotor rotation center X. That is, the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 21 and the rotor rotation center X is the longest in the circumferential direction around the rotor rotation center X.

  The rotor 6 is formed with a plurality of equivalent recesses 61A, 61B, 61C, 61D that are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction around the rotation center X. In these recesses 61A, 61B, 61C, 61D, cylindrical equivalent rollers 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D are accommodated, respectively. The rollers 62 </ b> A, 62 </ b> B, 62 </ b> C, 62 </ b> D have rotationally symmetric centers in a direction parallel to the rotor rotational center X. The recesses 61A, 61B, 61C, 61D are a pair of side surfaces 61m, 61n that are parallel to the rotor rotation center X and parallel to each other at a distance slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rollers 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D. And a cylindrical bottom surface 61p that continues to these side surfaces and is located inward of the rotor in the radial direction of the rotor. The radius of the cylindrical bottom surface 61p is substantially the same as the radius of the rollers 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D. Accordingly, the rollers 62A, 62B, 62C, and 62D reciprocate along the radial direction with respect to the rotation center X of the rotor 6 (that is, the radial direction with respect to the rotation center X of the drive rotation shaft) in the recesses 61A, 61B, 61C, and 61D, respectively. It is movable.

  Adjacent to the inner surfaces of the cover plates 22, 23, the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 21, the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the rotor 6, and the side surfaces 61m, 61n that are part of the surfaces of the rotor recesses 61A, 61B, 61C, 61D. The first compartments R1, R2, R3, R4 are formed by the two rollers 62A, 62B; 62B, 62C; 62C, 62D; and 62D, 62A. On the other hand, the second compartments r1, r2, r3, r4 are formed by the bottom surface 61p which is a part of the surface of the recesses 61A, 61B, 61C, 61D and the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D. The

  The cover plate 22 has a suction port 81, and the cover plate 23 has a discharge port 82. That is, in the present embodiment, the suction port 81 and the discharge port 82 are formed on the cover plates on the opposite sides. In the drawing, the suction port 81 and the discharge port 82 are also indicated including the suction tube and the discharge tube connected to the suction port and the discharge port formed in the cover plates 22 and 23, respectively.

  With respect to the rotation direction Ar of the drive rotation shaft, the inner circumferential surface of the cam ring 21 and the rotor rotation center X exceed the shortest orientation (that is, upward from the rotation center X in FIG. 2) and the longest orientation (that is, the rotation center X in FIG. 2). As a suction path that connects the first compartments R1 to R4 and the suction port 81 in the first angle range (ie, the angle range to the left of the rotation center X in FIG. 2). A first suction hole 91 is formed in the cover plate 22, and a second suction hole 92 is formed in the cover plate 22 as a suction path for communicating the second compartments r 1 to r 4 and the suction port 81. . The first suction hole 91 is an arc-shaped long hole that is formed along the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 21 over an angle range that is half or more of the first angle region. The second suction hole 92 is an arc-shaped long hole that is formed around the rotation center X of the rotor 6 over an angle range of half or more of the first angle region.

  Further, with respect to the rotation direction Ar of the drive rotation shaft, the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 21 and the rotor rotation center X exceed the longest direction (that is, downward from the rotation center X in FIG. 2) and the shortest direction (that is, rotation in FIG. 2). A discharge path that connects the first compartments R1 to R4 and the discharge port 82 within a second angle area (upward from the center X) (that is, an angle area to the right of the rotation center X in FIG. 2). A first discharge hole 93 is formed in the cover plate 23, and a second discharge hole 94 is formed in the cover plate 23 as a discharge path for communicating the second compartments r 1 to r 4 and the discharge port 82. ing. The first discharge hole 93 is an arcuate long hole formed along the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring 21 over an angle range of more than half of the second angle region. The second discharge hole 94 is an arc-shaped long hole that is formed around the rotation center X of the rotor 6 over an angle range of half or more of the second angle region.

  In the present embodiment, a rotational force is transmitted from an output shaft of an electric motor (not shown), and the drive rotary shaft 4 rotates around the central axis X in the direction of the arrow Ar. Thereby, the rotor 6 attached to the drive rotating shaft 4 is rotated around the central axis X in the casing 2 in the direction of the arrow Ar.

  Along with this, centrifugal force acts on the rollers 62A, 62B, 62C, and 62D, moves outward in the rotor radial direction within the recesses 61A, 61B, 61C, and 61D of the rotor 6, and contacts the inner surface of the cam ring 21. . Thereby, as shown in FIG. 2, the first compartments R1 to R4 and the second compartments r1 to r4 are formed. These compartments gradually increase in volume in the first angle region and gradually decrease in volume in the second angle region. Thus, in the first angle region, fluid is sucked into the compartment from the suction port 81 via the suction holes 91 and 92, and in the second angle region, the fluid is passed from the compartment to the discharge port 82 via the discharge holes 93 and 94. Fluid is discharged and a pumping action is performed.

  The present embodiment corresponds to a roller using a roller instead of the vane in the vane pump. However, by using the roller, the centrifugal force acting on the roller can be increased as the rotor rotates, and the roller is strong against the cam ring inner surface. Can be pressed with force. Further, by using the roller, the contact between the inner surface of the rotor recess and the outer peripheral surface of the roller becomes a linear contact, and the roller can be rolled, so that the movement of the roller in the rotor radial direction with respect to the rotor recess becomes smooth. Furthermore, since the second compartment is also used for the pumping action, the efficiency is good. Thus, even if it is small in size, a good chamber sealing action can be obtained, and even if the fluid contains particles, a good action is possible, and a pump with a simple structure is provided.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a second embodiment of a pump as a fluid suction / discharge device according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a front view of a cover plate of the casing, and FIG. 7 is an assembly of this pump. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the pump. In these drawings, members or portions having the same functions as those in FIGS.

  This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the suction port 81 and the discharge port 82 are formed in the same cover plate 22. Accordingly, in the second angle area (that is, the angle area to the right of the rotation center X in FIG. 6), the first discharge as a discharge path for communicating the first compartments R1 to R4 and the discharge port 82. A hole 93 is formed in the cover plate 22, and a second discharge hole 94 is also formed in the cover plate 22 as a discharge path for communicating the second compartments r 1 to r 4 and the discharge port 82. In other respects, the present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment and performs the same operation.

  In the above embodiment, four rollers are accommodated in four rotor recesses. However, in the present invention, the number of rollers and rotor recesses may be further increased.

  In the above embodiment, since the fluid suction / discharge device is a pump used for suction / discharge of fluid, the first and second discharge holes 93, 94 constituting the discharge path have an angle of more than half of the second angle region. It is formed over a range.

  In the present invention, the fluid suction / discharge device may be a compressor used for suction / discharge of a compressible fluid. In this case, the same elements as those of the pump can be used as elements constituting the apparatus. However, unlike the pump, a fluid compression process is required, and therefore, the first component constituting the discharge path is used. The discharge hole 93 is formed in an angle range of less than half near the shortest azimuth of the second angle region. For example, the first discharge hole can be formed at a position indicated by reference numeral 93 ′ in FIG. 2. Similarly, the second discharge hole can be formed at a position indicated by reference numeral 94 ′ in FIG. 2.

  The operation and effect of the compressor according to the present invention is that the shape and position of the second discharge hole are set as described above when there is a first discharge hole and further a second discharge hole because there is a fluid compression process. Is essentially the same as that described for the pump embodiment above.

It is a typical exploded perspective view showing a 1st embodiment of a pump by the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the assembly state of the pump of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the assembly state of the pump of FIG. It is a perspective view of the pump of FIG. It is a typical disassembled perspective view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the pump by this invention. It is a front view of the cover plate of the casing of the pump of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the assembly state of the pump of FIG. It is a perspective view of the pump of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

2 Casing 21 Cam ring 22, 23 Cover plate 24, 25 Radial bearing 26 Thrust bearing 4 Drive rotary shaft 6 Rotor 61A, 61B, 61C, 61D Recess 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D Roller 61m, 61n Recess side surface 61p Recess bottom surface R1, R2 , R3, R4 First compartment r1, r2, r3, r4 Second compartment 81 Suction port 82 Suction port 91 First suction hole 92 Second suction hole 93 First discharge hole 94 Second discharge Hole X Rotor rotation center Y Axisymmetric center of cam ring inner peripheral surface

Claims (7)

A casing having a cam ring and cover plates attached to both ends of the cam ring;
A drive rotary shaft inserted into the casing and positioned eccentric from the cam ring;
A rotor that is attached to the drive rotation shaft in the casing and has a plurality of recesses arranged in a circumferential direction around the rotation center of the drive rotation shaft;
A plurality of rollers housed in each of the plurality of recesses so as to be movable along a radial direction with respect to a rotation center of the drive rotation shaft;
A suction port and a discharge port formed in the cover plate;
Each of the rollers has a rotationally symmetric center in a direction parallel to the rotational center of the drive rotary shaft,
A first compartment is formed by the inner surface of the cover plate, the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring, the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, the surface of the recess, and the outer peripheral surfaces of two rollers adjacent to each other,
A second compartment is formed by the surface of the recess and the outer peripheral surface of the roller,
With respect to the rotation direction of the drive rotation shaft, the first and second intervals are within a first angle region in which the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring and the rotation center of the rotor exceed the shortest direction and reach the longest direction. A suction path is formed to communicate the chamber and the suction port;
With respect to the rotation direction of the drive rotation shaft, the first and second distances are within a second angle region in which the inner peripheral surface of the cam ring and the rotation center of the rotor exceed the longest direction and reach the shortest direction. A fluid suction / discharge device, wherein a discharge path is formed to communicate the chamber and the discharge port.   The suction path includes a first suction hole formed to connect the first compartment and the suction port in the first angle region to the cover plate, and the discharge path includes The first discharge hole formed in the cover plate so as to communicate the first compartment and the discharge port within the second angle region is provided. Fluid suction and discharge device.   The suction path includes a second suction hole formed to communicate the second compartment and the suction port in the first angle region with the cover plate, and the discharge path is The first and second discharge holes are formed in the cover plate so as to communicate the second compartment and the discharge port within the second angle region. The fluid suction / discharge device according to any one of the above.   The fluid suction / discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the suction port and the discharge port are formed in the cover plates on opposite sides.   The fluid suction / discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the suction port and the discharge port are formed in the same cover plate.   3. The fluid suction / discharge device is a pump, and the first discharge hole constituting the discharge path is formed over an angle range of half or more of the second angle region. Fluid suction and discharge device.   The fluid suction / discharge device is a compressor, and the first discharge hole constituting the discharge path is formed in an angle range less than half near the shortest azimuth of the second angle region. The fluid suction / discharge device according to claim 2.

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