JP2009113002A - Pulverizing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pulverizing apparatus having a nozzle means prevented from having a crack in the interior of a member due to tensile stress by suppressing pressure loss and speed loss at the time of introducing a raw material. <P>SOLUTION: The pulverizing apparatus comprises a nozzle main body made of a highly hard material and installed in a nozzle means for collision of high pressure fluid channels, and the nozzle main body comprises a channel for causing collision of high pressure fluid, which are a plurality of through-holes formed from the outer circumferential face to the axial center, and a leading-out channel along the axial direction from the confluence point of these channels for collision. The channels for collision comprise large diameter channels in the downstream side and communicated with the leading-out channel and jetting channels with a small diameter formed in the upstream side of the large diameter channels for jetting the high pressure fluid led from outer circumferential side end apertures to the large diameter channels. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an atomizing device that causes high-pressure fluids to collide with each other, and more particularly, to a nozzle means that constitutes a collision part.

  Conventionally, in the manufacture of products in various fields, in the atomization process including dispersion and emulsification of raw material liquid, the raw material liquid to be processed is jetted at a high pressure, and the jets collide with each other through nozzle means. A pulverization apparatus using an impact caused by the above is used.

  Among such atomization apparatuses, in order to obtain an effective shear force for atomization, a nozzle means having a narrow and long flow path is used, and the high-pressure raw material liquid is passed through the narrow and long flow path. There is a method of making it pass and collide.

  In this method, the raw material liquid introduction flow paths composed of two through holes provided in the axial direction are connected to each other by a sintered diamond disk plate communicated with each other by a groove formed in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction at the end. On the other hand, the nozzle structure which becomes a collision flow path for closing the groove by bringing a disk plate without groove into contact and bending high-pressure fluid introduced from two introduction flow paths at right angles and colliding at the center (For example, refer to Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). In this case, the grooveless disk plate is formed with a through hole along its central axis, and the fluid after the collision is led out from the collision position at the center of the groove portion which becomes the collision flow path.

  Further, the gap between the plates without grooves arranged facing each other is caused to collide with the central portion from the outer peripheral direction as an introduction flow path, and the post-collision raw material liquid is derived from the discharge flow path formed along the central axis of one plate. Some have a nozzle configuration (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

JP-A-9-201522 JP-A-2-261525 JP 2005-144329 A

  However, the sintered diamond is strong against compressive stress but weak against tensile stress, and a through-hole or groove is formed in a disk plate made of such a sintered diamond to introduce and flow channels for collision. If there is a tensile stress caused by the internal pressure of the introduction flow path, there is a risk of breakage. Therefore, it is conceivable to use a single crystal diamond for improving the strength as a plate material. However, the plate forming the bent flow path as described above has to have a large outer size, and an expensive single crystal diamond is used. The use was not only costly but also difficult to process and was not practical.

  In addition, the introduction flow path and the bent portion as described above are configured to collide after proceeding in the collision flow path formed by a groove having a minute cross-sectional area in order to change the pressure into the flow velocity after the raw material liquid is bent in the orthogonal direction. Therefore, pressure loss has occurred. Therefore, it is conceivable to first eliminate the pressure loss by increasing the diameter of the introduction flow path, but in this case, the pressure in the introduction flow path may give a large tensile stress to the disk plate and cause breakage. It was simply not possible to increase the inlet channel diameter.

  Furthermore, the contact between the disk plates needs to be strongly pressed against the contact surfaces so that the raw material liquid does not leak to the outside from the groove (collision flow path). However, in the past, this sealing was done by tightening the screws, so that if the plate was tightened strongly to obtain a reliable sealing force, the plate would crack, and the pressure generated in the introduction flow path would be loose and insufficient to avoid this. Since the surface pressure of the plate contact surface becomes lower than that, the raw material liquid leaks. Thus, it is difficult to adjust the screw tightening, and skill is required.

  In addition, in the case of a configuration in which a gap formed by facing each other without grooves is used as an introduction flow path, there is no pressure loss until the introduction of the raw material liquid, and pressure is applied to the entire outer periphery, so that the plate has tensile stress. Although not required, since the high-pressure raw material liquid passes through a narrow gap surface, there is a problem that speed loss at the wall surface is large.

  On the other hand, when the atomizer is used on a commercial basis, an increase in the processing amount is desired, but if the flow rate of the raw material liquid to the nozzle body equipped with a collision channel or the like is increased, its life is shortened, For this reason, simply increasing the size of a nozzle body made of a high-hardness material such as diamond is not practical because it is difficult to maintain good atomization performance and to obtain large-diameter diamonds. Nozzle design is also eagerly desired.

  In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to make it possible to form a high-speed jet while suppressing the pressure loss and the speed loss in the introduction of the raw material liquid as compared with the prior art, and to cause cracks due to tensile stress inside the member. An object of the present invention is to provide an atomizing apparatus provided with nozzle means that can increase the flow rate without causing unnecessary use of an expensive hard material.

In order to achieve the above object, the atomization apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a nozzle means for causing high-pressure fluids to collide with each other, and an introduction flow path for introducing the high-pressure fluid into the nozzle means. In the atomization apparatus provided,
The nozzle means has a nozzle body made of a highly rigid material, and a high-pressure fluid collision channel comprising a plurality of through holes formed in the nozzle body from the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle body toward the axis, and these A high-pressure fluid led to the introduction flow path is formed in the axial direction of the nozzle main body. It is introduced from the outer periphery to each outer peripheral side end opening of the collision flow path,
The collision channel includes a large-diameter channel on the downstream side communicating with the outlet channel, and a high-pressure fluid provided on the upstream side of the large-diameter channel and introduced from the outer peripheral end opening. And a small-diameter injection channel that is injected into the inside.

Atomization device according to the invention described in claim 2 is the atomization device according to claim 1, a length L ₁ from the outer peripheral end opening of the injection passage to reach the large diameter flow channel, Within the range of 0.15 mm or more and 0.6 mm or less, the length L ₂ of the large-diameter channel is 1.5 mm ≦ L ₂ ≦ 4 mm, the cross-sectional area A _{1 of the} single injection channel and the large-diameter flow The ratio of the cross-sectional area A ₂ of one path is 2 ≦ A ₂ / A ₁ ≦ 7, and the total nA _{1 corresponding} to the number of the cross-sectional areas of the injection flow path is equal to the cross-sectional area A _{3 of the} outlet flow path. The ratio satisfies 2 ≦ A ₃ / nA ₁ ≦ 80.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the atomization apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein the nozzle body expands outward from the outer peripheral side end in the direction of the injection flow path. It has a taper-shaped opening portion that has a diameter.

  The atomization apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the atomization apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein an opening angle between the large-diameter channel and the ejection direction of the outlet channel is 95 degrees. As mentioned above, it is 150 degrees or less.

  The atomization apparatus according to the invention described in claim 5 is the atomization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the injection channel and the large-diameter channel has a rectangular cross section. It is a feature.

  The atomization apparatus according to the invention described in claim 6 is the atomization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the nozzle body includes the large-diameter channel and the outlet channel. And the second member in which the injection passage is formed, and the injection passage is in the large opening in a state where the second member is fitted in a recess formed in the first member. It communicates with the radial channel.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the atomization apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein the second member is diamond.

  The atomization apparatus according to the invention described in claim 8 is the atomization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the nozzle body is connected to the nozzle body by a biasing force of a spring. Sealing means for pressing the housing member in a state of being coaxially positioned in a lead-out flow path provided in the housing member is provided.

  The atomization apparatus according to the invention described in claim 9 is the atomization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the high-pressure fluid is an emulsion.

  In the atomization apparatus of the present invention, the nozzle main body has a collision flow path composed of a plurality of through-holes formed from the outer peripheral surface of the main body toward the shaft center, and the axial center from the confluence of these collision flow paths. A collision channel formed along the direction for deriving the fluid after the collision is provided, and the collision channel is a downstream large-diameter channel communicating with the deriving channel, and the large-diameter channel A high-pressure fluid provided on the upstream side and having a small-diameter injection channel for ejecting the high-pressure fluid introduced from the outer peripheral end opening of the collision channel into the large-diameter channel. The high-speed jet that is jetted from the injection flow path toward the large-diameter flow path without increasing the flow velocity without increasing the pressure flow through the bent flow path in the member, Maintain and obtain a shear force between liquid and liquid. Jet exiting the diameter channel in the order of collision while maintaining the high speed, there is an effect that it is possible to perform good atomization process. Furthermore, by defining the nozzle body within the specified condition range such as the length and diameter of the injection channel, large-diameter channel, outlet channel, and the opening angle of the large-diameter channel and outlet channel, the nozzle for atomization As a means, it is possible to obtain a material which is superior in durability while suppressing the use amount of the high-hardness material to be small, and which can perform high-pressure atomization treatment with high performance, high efficiency and high flow rate.

  In the nozzle means of the present invention, since the collision flow path includes a downstream large-diameter flow path and an upstream small-diameter injection flow path, the large-diameter flow path and the injection flow path are separated from each other. It is possible to adopt a configuration in which the nozzle body is combined with each other in communication with each other, and the nozzle body is divided into a first member in which a large-diameter channel and a discharge channel are formed, and a second member in which an injection channel is formed. It is also possible to use a highly rigid material such as diamond only for the second member on which the injection flow path that requires high durability is formed, and the first member on which other flow paths are formed is inexpensive. By using such a hard material, it is possible to manufacture with high strength and lowering the cost of the nozzle body, and when high pressure fluid is introduced, pressure is applied to the entire outer periphery of the nozzle body to pull it inside the member. Since no stress is generated, the nozzle body Not only it is possible to prevent cracking, it is possible to increase in size of the nozzle body, it becomes possible to realize high flow processing maintaining good atomization performance.

  The present invention provides a high-pressure fluid collision flow comprising a plurality of through-holes formed in a nozzle main body made of a highly rigid material as a nozzle means for causing high-pressure fluids to collide with each other from the outer peripheral surface of the main body toward the axis. And a derivation flow path for deriving the fluid after collision formed along the axial direction from the confluence of the collision flow paths, and the high-pressure fluid led to the introduction flow path is provided. , A atomization device provided with an apparatus introduced from the outer periphery of the nozzle body to each outer peripheral side end opening of the collision flow channel, wherein the collision flow channel is a downstream large-diameter flow channel communicating with the outlet flow channel And a small-diameter injection channel that is provided on the upstream side of the large-diameter channel and that ejects high-pressure fluid introduced from the outer peripheral end opening into the large-diameter channel.

  That is, in the nozzle means of the present invention, an injection flow path and a large-diameter flow path that follows this form a collision flow path, and the collision flow path is on a surface orthogonal to the nozzle body axis or on the surface thereof. Since it communicates with the outlet channel at the above angle, the high-pressure fluid introduced from each outer peripheral end opening of each collision channel passes through the large-diameter channel from the nozzle channel and the nozzle body shaft It progresses toward the confluence on the center, collides with the confluence, and after the collision, it is led out of the nozzle body from the outlet passage formed along the axial direction from the confluence.

  The injection flow path referred to in the present invention is a flow path having the narrowest cross-sectional area through which high-pressure fluid flows in the nozzle means. In the large-diameter channel communicating with this, the high-pressure fluid ejected from the ejection channel forms a high-speed jet by the ejection force, and this high-speed jet generates a shearing force between the surrounding fluid and a strong liquid-liquid. The atomization is further promoted by the liquid-liquid shear and the jet after passing through the large-diameter channel collide in the collision space.

  Therefore, in the nozzle means of the present invention, since the high-pressure fluid can be introduced into the injection flow path without proceeding through the flow path formed by bending in the member, the flow velocity can be increased well with almost no pressure loss. A high-speed jet is jetted from the jet channel toward the large-diameter channel, and a good liquid-liquid shearing force can be generated in the large-diameter channel, and at the same time, the jet jetted from the large-diameter channel In a state where high speed is maintained, a jet injected from another large-diameter channel collides with the jet channel in the same way, so that a large collision energy can be obtained and excellent atomization performance can be realized. .

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the amount of use of the high-hardness material is reduced by defining the design dimensions such as the length and diameter of the injection flow channel, the large-diameter flow channel, and the discharge flow channel within a specific condition range for the nozzle body. It is possible to obtain a material that is superior in durability while being suppressed, capable of high performance, high efficiency, and high pressure atomization at a large flow rate.

The flow rate is determined roughly by the number n and the diameter d ₁ of the injection passage. For example, when the cross-sectional shape of the injection flow path is a perfect circle and n = 2, at a pressure of 245 MPa, a flow rate of 0.5 L / min at d ₁ = 0.1 mm, a flow rate of 4 L / min at d ₁ = 0.25 mm, and d ₁ = The flow rate is 7.5 L / min at 0.35 mm, and the flow rate is 12 L / min at d ₁ = 0.5 mm.

Meanwhile, in order to maximize the speed of the high speed jet, the injection passage of making the utmost decrease the speed loss due to friction between the length of L ₁ and short flow path wall and the fluid is desired. However, if the length is too short, the strength of the nozzle body is poor and causes damage, so a minimum length is necessary. The length _{L 1} of the concrete injection passage, 0.15 mm or more 0.6mm or less, more preferably preferably be in the range of 0.25mm or 0.4mm or less.

The high-speed jet from the injection channel is injected into the large-diameter channel, the liquid-liquid shearing with the surrounding fluid in the large-diameter channel, and the jet after passing through the large-diameter channel collide in the collision space. Achieving atomization of raw material liquid. That is, one of the cross-sectional area _{A 2} of the large diameter flow channel and one injection passage sectional ratio between the area _{A 1} is 2 ≦ _A 2 / _{A 1} ≦ 7, more preferably 2.5 ≦ _A 2 / _{A 1} By satisfying ≦ 6, the shearing force between the liquid and the liquid and the collision energy can be maximized. In addition, it is preferable to provide the injection channel and the large-diameter channel coaxially.

The liquid - shear and impact energy between the liquid can be further enhanced by the length L ₂ of the large diameter flow channel to a suitable range. That is, the following large-diameter passage L 4 mm ₂ to 1.5mm or more, sufficient liquid more preferably by in the range of 2mm or more 3mm or less - maintained to obtain a shear force between the liquid and the energy to a higher level The jet can be caused to collide in the outlet flow path as it is.

Furthermore, the fluid after the collision is discharged from the nozzle body through the outlet channel, but if the diameter of the outlet channel is too small, pressure loss in the outlet channel dominates and the high-speed jet at the outlet of the injection channel Since the speed does not increase sufficiently, the outlet channel diameter must be appropriately sized. That is, assuming that the total number of cross-sectional areas of the injection flow path is nA ₁ and the cross-sectional area of the outlet flow path is A ₃ , A ₃ is 2 ≦ A ₃ / nA ₁ ≦ 80, more preferably 2.5 ≦ By setting A ₃ / nA ₁ ≦ 65, the collision speed between jets can be increased, the collision energy can be increased, and the atomization performance at the time of collision can be further improved.

  In addition, examples of the highly hard material of the nozzle body of the present invention include materials with improved wear resistance of metal materials such as cemented carbide and SUS440C, ceramics such as silicon nitride, zirconia, and alumina, diamond, sapphire, ruby, and the like. Is mentioned. It is desirable to use diamond having excellent wear resistance as a particularly hard material for the injection flow path. In the case of using diamond, in addition to natural diamond with the highest hardness, there are artificial single crystal diamond, artificial polycrystalline diamond, and sintered diamond, and any of them can be used. It is most desirable to use artificial single crystal diamond because it is obtained and easily available.

  In addition, since the collision flow path of the nozzle body in the present invention is mainly composed of the downstream large-diameter flow path and the upstream injection flow path, these flow paths are respectively formed as separate members. It is possible to form and combine them so as to communicate with each other. In this case, only the injection flow path that requires high durability can be formed in a high-hardness material such as diamond, and the other flow paths can be formed in another high-hardness material that is inexpensive and excellent in workability.

  That is, the first member is formed with the outlet channel and all the large-diameter channels communicating with the first member, and each injection channel is formed on each of the second members corresponding to the number of the collision channels. If the nozzle body is configured such that each injection flow path communicates with the corresponding large diameter flow path in a state where the second member is fitted in the recess formed at the end of the large flow diameter flow path, the overall dimensions of the nozzle main body can be reduced. Since the first member is determined and each second member is much smaller, only the second member is made of expensive diamond, and the first member has sufficient strength for the large-diameter channel and the outlet channel. If it is made of an inexpensive, high-hard material, it is possible to easily increase the size of the nozzle body for increasing the flow rate of the atomization process at a low cost.

  In addition, when the angle formed by the ejection direction of the outlet flow path provided along the axial direction and the collision flow path, that is, the large-diameter flow path, is an opening angle, the large-diameter flow path has an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the axial center. When communicating with the outlet channel, the collision channel and the outlet channel form a T shape in a side view. If the opening angle exceeds 90 degrees with respect to the axis, the collision flow channel and the discharge flow channel form a substantially Y shape in a side view.

  The jet that has flowed out of the large-diameter channel collides in the outlet channel, but if the outlet direction of the outlet channel and the opening angle of the large-diameter channel are 90 degrees and the large-diameter channel is opposed to the jet, Therefore, high-precision centering is required for reliable collision, and even when jets reliably collide at the start of use, the shaft may change due to long-term use and damage each other There is. However, if the opening angle exceeds 90 degrees, the jets merge at a line, so if the jets face each other on a plane orthogonal to the axis, the jets will collide even if the opening angle changes due to processing or usage. To do. That is, when the opening angle is 95 degrees or more and 150 degrees or less, the collision probability of the jet can be improved and the atomization performance can be improved.

  In the nozzle means of the present invention, since the pressure of the high-pressure fluid is applied to the entire outer periphery of the nozzle body, the internal pressure can be canceled out, so that the outer end of each collision channel is directed outward. The taper-shaped opening portion that expands in diameter can be provided, the introduction of the high-pressure fluid can be made smoother by the taper-shaped opening portion, and the injection flow path that is a substantially small-diameter region is shortened and the wall surface Speed loss due to resistance can be further reduced.

When forming such a tapered opening portion, the length L ₁ of the substantial injection passage, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the region from the open end exposed to the nozzle body surface reaches the large diameter flow channel Of these, it is the length excluding the taper-shaped part, that is, by forming the taper-shaped part at the outer peripheral side opening in the direction of the injection flow path, the fluid resistance is further reduced, and the high-speed injection into the large-diameter flow path In addition, strong liquid-liquid shearing around the high-speed jet in the large-diameter channel and high-speed fluid collision in the outlet channel can be realized. In addition, when the injection flow path is formed on the second member different from the first member on which the large-diameter flow path is formed for the above-mentioned purpose, this tapered opening portion is also the same as the second continuous with the injection flow path. What is necessary is just to form in a member.

  In addition, the cross-sectional shapes of the injection flow channel, large-diameter flow channel, and outlet flow channel are preferably circular from the viewpoint of reducing friction loss between the fluid and the inner wall surface of the flow channel, ease of processing, and mechanical strength. Since the cross section of the high-speed jet injected from the injection flow path is also a circle, it is difficult to collide with high accuracy. However, if the cross section is rectangular and the collision flow path is provided in the direction parallel to the plane perpendicular to the axis, the collision probability of the jet in the collision space is improved and the surface area of the high-speed jet is increased. Therefore, the shear between the liquid and the liquid can also be improved. That is, if the cross section of the injection channel and the large-diameter channel is rectangular, the durability and atomization performance can be further improved.

Furthermore, the outlet channel may have a tapered shape that expands toward the downstream outlet side opening. In this case, outlet flow path cross-sectional area A ₃ can be represented by the cross-sectional area of no collision space 14X tapered portion.

  In the nozzle means of the present invention, the collided fluid led out from the lead-out flow path of the nozzle body is sent out of the apparatus through the lead-out flow path provided in the housing member of the atomization device where the nozzle main body is installed. Therefore, for derivation without fluid leakage, the derivation flow path on the nozzle body side and the derivation flow path on the apparatus housing member side need to communicate with each other in a good sealed state.

  Therefore, it is only necessary to provide sealing means for pressing the nozzle body against the housing member in a state where the outlet flow path of the nozzle body is coaxially positioned with respect to the outlet flow path on the housing member side. As the sealing means, since the nozzle body can use the pressure generated when the high-pressure fluid is introduced, there is no need for a fastening means such as a screw that is difficult to adjust, and a simple means using the biasing force of the spring is sufficient. is there.

  In addition, when cavitation is generated in the injection flow channel, large-diameter flow channel, and outlet flow channel, in the nozzle means in which the conventional plates are firmly fixed to each other with screws, vibrations due to pressure fluctuations due to cavitation are generated in the screw hole portions. There was a risk of damage to the screw hole due to loosening of the affected screw or vibration of the screw itself, but in the present invention, not only the nozzle body itself consisting of one member but also sealing means using a spring Since there is no need to provide a screw hole or the like between the pressed device housing member side, there is no possibility of being adversely affected by vibration. Rather, the effect of preventing the axial displacement of the nozzle means with the outlet flow path on the housing side can be expected by the vibration absorbing and mitigating action of the spring even in the press-fixed state using only the spring.

  As described above, the nozzle body described in detail for the present invention can be used for atomization without specifying a processing raw material, but a large-diameter flow that allows high-speed fluid communication while suppressing loss due to friction between the fluid and the solid wall as much as possible. By jetting onto the road, a strong liquid-liquid shearing force or impact force can be generated around the high-speed jet, and then the jets can collide more efficiently. For this reason, the performance which was especially excellent in atomization of the dispersion system which is a liquid in a continuous phase and a dispersed phase, ie, an emulsion, is exhibited.

  As the atomization apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, two collision flow paths are constituted by the injection flow path and the large-diameter flow path that are coaxially arranged in the nozzle means for causing the high-pressure fluids of the raw material liquid to collide with each other. The downstream large-diameter channel and the axial center are provided on the same plane at an angle with respect to the axial center, and the large-diameter channel and the outlet channel along the axial direction are substantially Y-shaped in a side view. The apparatus provided with the nozzle main body provided is shown in FIG. Fig.1 (a) is a sectional side view which shows schematic structure of this atomization apparatus, (b) is an enlarged view of a nozzle main-body part. The atomization device 1 of this embodiment includes a pressing member 7 on the plug member 6 side and a spring 5 from the housing 2 side in a chamber 9 formed inside by fitting the plug member 6 to a substantially cup-shaped housing 2. The nozzle body 10 is held between the nozzle presser 3 and the nozzle presser 3 that is biased by.

  The nozzle body 10 includes, for example, a large-diameter channel 13 formed at an angle with respect to the axial center so as to face each other in the axial direction in the first member 11 made of a highly hard material such as cemented carbide, and the large-diameter channels 13. And a lead-out flow path 14 for leading the fluid after the collision formed along the axial direction from the merging point is provided in a substantially Y shape, and is formed at each large-diameter flow path opening end of the first member 11. A second member 16 made of a high-hardness material such as single crystal diamond in which an injection flow path 12Y is formed is fitted in each of the recessed portions 11x. The first member 11 and the second member 16 can be joined and fixed by brazing, for example, silver brazing.

  Each second member 16 is formed with an injection flow path 12Y having a tapered opening portion 12X that expands toward the outside, and each injection flow path 12Y is fitted in the recess 11x. The injection channel is configured to communicate coaxially with the large-diameter channel 13. In this embodiment, the introduction flow path 15 for introducing a high-pressure fluid into the nozzle body 10 is formed in the outer space of the nozzle body 10 between the nozzle holder 3 and the plug-side pressing member 7.

  Therefore, the high-pressure fluid that is the material to be subjected to the collision treatment is sent from the end of the housing 2 to the introduction passage 15 through the supply passage 4 formed in the chamber 9 and the nozzle retainer 3, and from the introduction passage 15 to the nozzle body. 10 is supplied in a state in which pressure is applied to the entire outer peripheral surface of the nozzle 10, guided from the tapered opening 12X of each second member 16 opened to the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle body to the injection flow path 12Y, and injected to each large-diameter flow path 13. Thereafter, the jets are respectively sent to the collision space 14X and collide at a confluence on the axial center.

  Therefore, in the atomization apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment including the nozzle body 10 having the above-described configuration, almost no pressure loss occurs because the high-pressure fluid does not travel through the collision flow path bent in the nozzle body 10. Without being introduced to the collision space 14X.

  Further, in this embodiment, the nozzle body 10 is composed of two types of members, the injection flow path 12Y uses a hard material such as diamond, and the other large-diameter flow path 13, the outlet flow path 14 and the like are inexpensive and hard. Material was used. Thereby, an inexpensive and free flow path design can be performed.

  In addition, the introduction and acceleration of the high-pressure fluid become smoother by providing the tapered opening portion 12X whose diameter increases from the outer peripheral side end of each ejection flow path 12Y toward the outside. In the tapered opening portion 12X, a tensile stress is generated when the high-pressure fluid is introduced, but there is no problem because the high-pressure fluid pressure is applied to the entire outer peripheral surface of the nozzle body 10 as described above.

  When such a tapered opening portion 12X is provided, it is possible to eliminate resistance when the high-pressure fluid is introduced into the ejection flow path due to the contraction of the high-pressure fluid, and a good high-speed jet can be formed.

  In addition, when the collision flow path composed of the injection flow path and the large-diameter flow path is provided at an angle with respect to the axis instead of on the plane orthogonal to the axial direction, the jet collides more reliably in the collision space 14X. High impact energy can be obtained, and the possibility of damaging the large-diameter channel facing the jet can be reduced. Furthermore, the jet flow channel and the large-diameter channel are rectangular slits, and the shape of the high-speed jet is flattened, so that the shear force between the liquid and the liquid in the large-diameter channel 13 is increased, and the jets in the collision space 14X are accurately Colliding and improving atomization performance.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the nozzle body 10 is pressed and fixed to the apparatus housing side, here the holding member 7, and the contact surface is well sealed, and the outlet channel 14 of the nozzle body 10 and the outlet channel 8 on the housing side. As a sealing means for preventing fluid leakage between the two, a nozzle presser 3 by a spring 5 is provided.

  The nozzle body 10 in the present embodiment is composed of two types of members, a first member 11 and a second member 16, and an injection flow path is formed on an inexpensive high-rigid material provided with a large-diameter flow path 13 and a discharge flow path 14. The second member 16 using a high-hardness material such as diamond in which 12Y is formed is incorporated, and the high-pressure fluid is filled in the introduction flow path 15 so that the entire outer periphery of the nozzle body 10 is filled with the high-pressure fluid. Therefore, there is no need for a tightening means that is difficult to adjust and adjust, and there is a risk of damage to a member such as screwing as in the case where it is configured by overlapping two conventional plates. A simple one using the urging force of the spring 5 provides a good seal between the nozzle body 10 and the housing, and fluid leakage can be sufficiently prevented.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the outlet channel 14 has a circular cross section and the outlet side has a tapered diameter is shown. However, in the present invention, the shape of the outlet channel is not limited to this. In accordance with the raw material liquid and each condition in the atomization step, a collision space in which good collision conditions can be obtained is formed and fluid after the collision can be led out more smoothly. Incidentally, outlet flow path cross-sectional area A ₃ is defined by the cross-sectional area of no collision space 14X tapered portion.

For example, FIG. 2 ((a) is a sectional side view of the nozzle body, (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA in (a),
(C) is the same as the nozzle body 20 shown in (a) BB cross-sectional view), and the first member 21 has a substantially rectangular cross section and is formed with the same cross sectional area from the collision space to the outlet side. An outlet channel 24 is exemplified. By setting the lead-out flow path 24 to have a substantially rectangular cross section, the area in the lateral direction is expanded, and the raw material liquid after the collision flows smoothly without changing the collision distance.

As a more specific embodiment of the present invention, repeated collision processing tests were performed in the atomization apparatus constructed as shown in FIG. 1 by incorporating each type of nozzle body (30, 40) shown in FIGS. Atomization by the ratio of each of the diameter d ₁ of the injection flow path formed in the nozzle body, the diameter d ₂ of the large diameter flow path and the diameter d ₃ of the outlet flow path, and the length of the injection flow path and the large diameter flow path The results of studying the effect on performance are shown below.

  As shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 3A, the nozzle body 30 of the type in FIG. 3 is formed with a tapered opening portion 32 </ b> X that extends outward from the outer peripheral side end of the injection flow path 32 </ b> Y. The cross-sectional shape of the radial channel 33 is circular. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3A, and FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.

  Further, as shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 4A, the nozzle body 40 of the type in FIG. 4 is formed with a tapered opening portion 42 </ b> X that extends outward from the outer peripheral side end of the injection flow path 42 </ b> Y, The cross-sectional shape of the large-diameter channel 43 is rectangular. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4A, and FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.

  In any type of nozzle body (30, 40), the injection flow path (32Y, 42Y) is formed in the second member (36, 46) made of diamond, and the first member (31, 41) such as cemented carbide. When the second member (36, 46) is fitted in the concave portion at the end of the large-diameter channel (33, 43) formed in the nozzle, the injection channel and the large-diameter channel are connected coaxially for collision. A flow path is constituted. In all cases, the number of collision channels n = 2.

  In the collision treatment test in this example, 250 g of liquid paraffin, 20 g of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, and 730 g of purified water were mixed, heated and mixed at 80 ° C., and stirred with a homogenizer, and 1000 g of a coarse emulsion was used as a raw material. That is, the collided processing liquid which is sent from the raw material tank containing the coarse emulsion liquid to the atomization apparatus through the high-pressure pump at an operating pressure of 175 MPa or 225 MPa and discharged from the outlet flow path of the atomization apparatus is supplied to the back pressure adjusting valve ( It is sent to a cooler (cooling water inlet temperature 15 ° C.) via a back pressure of 0 to 15 MPa, recovered to the raw material tank again after cooling, and the next collision treatment process is repeated.

  In this test, the collision treatment was repeated 5 times, and the recovered liquid was cooled to room temperature to obtain an oil-in-water emulsion composition. The composition was diluted 5 times with water to obtain a particle size measurement sample, and the atomization performance was evaluated. Since the atomization performance can be evaluated by the appearance transparency, as an evaluation method in this test, 2 mL of each sample is put into a transmittance measuring cell, and the wavelength is measured with an ultraviolet visible absorptiometer (UV-160, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The transmittance of light at 550 nm was measured and expressed as a specific transmittance (%) when the transmittance of pure water was 100%. The greater the specific transmittance value, the higher the transparency of the emulsified composition, indicating that the oil droplets are more finely dispersed. In this example, the specific transmittance of 60% or more was considered to have good atomization performance. This is because the emulsion composition having a particle size with a specific transmittance of less than 60% has more oil droplets with a large particle size than the emulsion composition with a specific transmittance of 60% or more. This is because the stability over time decreases.

  First, Table 1 shows a case where a collision treatment test was performed at an operating pressure of 175 MPa using the nozzle body 30 of the type shown in FIG. As a whole, No. 1 to 11 are excellent in atomization performance, and No. 13 to 21 are inferior in atomization performance. In the example of No. 12, as a result of the flow rate measurement after 20 hours of operation, the flow rate was significantly increased, and the nozzle body was confirmed to be damaged.

The length _{L 1} of the injection passage 32Y, was examined in the range of 0.1Mm～0.7Mm, from the results of No.1,6,10 in Table _1, in L 1 = 0.2 to 0.5 mm Although good atomization performance was confirmed, from the result of No. 12, if the channel length is too short as L ₁ = 0.1 mm, the strength of the injection channel is low and the atomization performance is high, but continuous operation As the flow rate increases, the durability is low, and conversely, from the result of No. 21, if the channel length is too long as L ₁ = 0.7 mm, the inner wall surface of the channel and fluid The speed was lost due to friction with the material, and the atomization performance was poor.

From No.5,6,9 of the results of Table 1 was examined the relationship between the cross-sectional area _{A 2} and the injection flow path cross-sectional area of 32Y _{A 1} having a large diameter flow path _{33, A 2 / A 1 =} 2.0~5 In the case of .2, good atomization performance was confirmed. On the other hand, from the result of No. 16, when A ₂ / A ₁ = 1.3 and the difference in each cross-sectional area is small, the atomization performance is If the high-speed jet is reduced in speed by friction with the wall surface of the large-diameter channel, and if the results of No. 19 and 20 are too large, such as A ₂ / A ₁ = 6.6 or 8.2, the large-diameter from the injection channel The high-speed jet jetted toward the radial channel is attenuated by friction with the liquid staying in the large-diameter channel, so that the shear force between the liquid and the liquid in the large-diameter channel is reduced. As a result, the atomization performance was lowered.

When the length L ₂ of the large-diameter channel 33 was examined, good atomization performance was confirmed at L ₂ = 1.5 to ₃ mm from the results of Nos. ₂ , 6, and 7 in Table 1. 14 and 17, even if A ₂ / A ₁ is within the preferred range, when L ₂ = 0.5 mm or 1 mm is too short as in No. 13 and 14, the liquid of the high-speed jet and the surrounding fluid— When a collision occurs in the outlet channel without sufficiently obtaining a shearing force between the liquids and L ₂ = 5 mm is too long as in No. 17, the high-speed jet spreads in the large-diameter channel and the velocity is increased. Attenuation increases and the shearing force between the liquid and the liquid in the large-diameter channel decreases, so that the atomization performance decreases.

Was investigated flow path the number fraction of relationship sum nA ₁ of the cross-sectional area of the cross-sectional area _{A 3} of the outlet flow path 34 injection passage 32Y, _{A 3} from the results of No.3,4,6,8 Table 1 / NA ₁ = 4.1 to 65.3, good atomization performance was confirmed. On the other hand, from the results of Nos. 15 and 18, A ₃ / nA ₁ = 1.5 of No. 15 Thus, when the diameter of the outlet channel is small, the pressure loss in the outlet channel is dominant, and the speed of the high-speed jet at the outlet of the injection channel is not sufficiently increased, and No. 18 A ₃ / nA ₁ If the outlet channel diameter is too large as in = 102, the collision energy is greatly reduced, and the atomization performance is greatly reduced.

As a result of the above, good atomization performance can be obtained by setting the dimensions of the injection channel, the large-diameter channel, and the outlet channel to appropriate values. Specifically, the length of the injection channel is 0.25 mm. ≦ L ₁ ≦ 0.4 mm, the large-diameter channel length is 2 mm ≦ L ₂ ≦ 3 mm, and the sectional area A ₂ of one large-diameter channel is 2.5 ≦ A with respect to the sectional area A ₁ of the injection channel. ₂ / A ₁ ≦ 6, and the total nA _{1 of the} number of cross-sectional areas of the injection flow path and the cross-sectional area A ₃ of the outlet flow path are 2.5 ≦ A ₃ / nA ₁ ≦ 65. When the shape is satisfied, the atomization performance is good.

  Next, Table 2 shows a case where the collision treatment test was performed at an operating pressure of 175 MPa using the nozzle body 40 of the type shown in FIG.

In this test, the design of the nozzle body 40 is the same as the injection channel length, large-diameter channel length, A ₂ / A ₁ , A ₃ / A ₁ in the case where the channel cross section whose result is shown in Table 1 is circular. The conditions are set so as to be within a preferable range in the collision treatment test, and the cross-sectional shapes of the injection flow path and the large-diameter flow path are rectangular. From the results of Nos. 22 to 24 shown in Table 2, the atomization performance could be further improved by making the channel cross-sectional shape rectangular.

  Next, the operation pressure was changed to 225 MPa in the same flow path design as Nos. 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 in which the collision treatment test was performed using the nozzle body 30 at the operation pressure of 175 MPa and good results were obtained. Table 3 shows the results of the same collision treatment test, and the same flow path design as Nos. 22, 23, and 24, in which the collision treatment test was performed at the operating pressure of 175 MPa using the nosl body 40, was performed. Table 4 shows the results when the same collision treatment test was performed with the pressure changed to 225 MPa.

  From the results of Nos. 25 to 29 shown in Table 3 and Nos. 30 to 32 shown in Table 4, the operating pressure should be increased under the preferable conditions for the flow path design of the nozzle body from the results of Tables 1 and 2. As a result, the atomization performance could be further improved.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the collision flow path including two through holes facing the axial center from the outer peripheral surface is provided in the nozzle main body at an angle with respect to the axial center and is formed in a substantially Y shape with the outlet flow path is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a collision flow path (an injection flow path 52Y and a large-diameter flow formed of three or more through holes formed radially at equal angular intervals from each other). As in the nozzle body 50 provided with the channel 53), the number and arrangement of the collision channels may be appropriately selected according to the actual raw material liquid and processing conditions, which can achieve higher collision processing efficiency.

  In addition to the diamond used in the above embodiment, the high-hardness material constituting the injection flow path in the present invention may be various as long as it has sufficient hardness but can be processed, such as sapphire. Can be used.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic block diagram of the atomization apparatus by one Example of this invention, (a) is a sectional side view which shows schematic structure of this atomization apparatus, (b) is an enlarged view of a nozzle main-body part. It is a schematic block diagram which shows another example of the nozzle main body by this invention, (a) is a sectional side view, (b) is AA sectional arrow view of (a), (c) is B of (a). FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic block diagram of the nozzle means in case the injection flow path and large-diameter flow path which were used for the atomization process test in the Example of this invention are cylinders, (a) goes outside from the outer peripheral side edge part of an injection flow path. A nozzle body in which a tapered opening portion is formed and both the injection flow channel and the large-diameter flow channel have a circular cross-sectional shape, (b) is a cross-sectional view (enlarged view) taken along the line AA in (a), and (c) is ( It is a BB cross-sectional arrow view (enlarged view) of b). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic block diagram of the nozzle means in case the injection flow path and large-diameter flow path which were used for the atomization process test in the Example of this invention are rectangles, (a) goes outside from the outer peripheral side edge part of an injection flow path. A nozzle body in which a tapered opening is formed, and both the injection flow channel and the large-diameter flow channel have a rectangular cross-sectional shape, (b) is a cross-sectional view (enlarged view) taken along the line AA in (a), and (c) is ( It is a BB cross-sectional arrow view (enlarged view) of b). It is a sectional side view which shows the structure of the other nozzle main body of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Atomization device 2: Housing 3: Nozzle holder 4: High-pressure fluid supply channel 5: Spring 6: Plug member 7: Holding member 8: Outlet channel 9: Chamber 10, 20, 30, 40, 50: Nozzle body Means 11, 21, 31, 41, 51: first member 11X: recesses 12X, 22X, 32X, 42X, 52X: taper-shaped opening portions 12Y, 22Y, 32Y, 42Y, 52Y: injection passages 13, 23, 33, 43, 53: Large-diameter channels 14, 24, 34, 44, 54: Derived channels 14X (of the nozzle body): Collision space 14Y: Tapered outlet 14L: Collision distance 15: Introduction channels 16, 26, 36, 46 , 56: second member

Claims (9)

In the atomization apparatus provided with the nozzle means for causing the high-pressure fluids to collide with each other and the introduction flow path for introducing the high-pressure fluid into the nozzle means,
The nozzle means has a nozzle body made of a highly rigid material, and a high-pressure fluid collision channel comprising a plurality of through holes formed in the nozzle body from the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle body toward the axis, and these A high-pressure fluid led to the introduction flow path is formed in the axial direction of the nozzle main body. It is introduced from the outer periphery to each outer peripheral side end opening of the collision flow path,
The collision channel includes a large-diameter channel on the downstream side communicating with the outlet channel, and a high-pressure fluid provided on the upstream side of the large-diameter channel and introduced from the outer peripheral end opening. An atomizing device comprising: a small-diameter injection channel that is injected into the inside. The length L ₁ from the outer peripheral side end opening of the injection flow channel to the large-diameter flow channel is in the range of 0.15 mm or more and 0.6 mm or less, and the large-diameter flow channel length L ₂ 1.5 mm ≦ L ₂ ≦ 4 mm, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area A _{1 of the} single injection flow path to the cross-sectional area A ₂ of the single large-diameter flow path is 2 ≦ A ₂ / A ₁ ≦ 7, and 2. The ratio of the total nA _{1 corresponding} to the number of flow paths in the cross-sectional area of the ejection flow path and the cross-sectional area A ₃ of the outlet flow path satisfies 2 ≦ A ₃ / nA ₁ ≦ 80. Atomization equipment.   The atomization device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzle body has a tapered opening portion having a diameter that increases outward from an outer peripheral side end in a direction of the injection flow path.   The atomization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an opening angle between the large-diameter channel and the ejection direction of the outlet channel is 95 degrees or more and 150 degrees or less.   The atomization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the injection channel and the large-diameter channel has a rectangular cross section.   The nozzle body includes a first member in which the large-diameter channel and the outlet channel are formed, and a second member in which the ejection channel is formed, and the second member serves as the first member. The atomization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the injection flow path communicates with the large-diameter flow path in a state of being fitted in the formed recess.   The atomization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the second member is diamond.   Sealing means is provided for pressing the nozzle body against the housing member in a state where the outlet channel of the nozzle body is positioned coaxially with the outlet channel provided in the apparatus housing member by a biasing force of a spring. The atomization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   The atomization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the high-pressure fluid is an emulsion.

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