JP2009108188A - Method and device for gasification of carbonaceous raw material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gasifying method for a carbonaceous raw material including such a process as gasifying the raw material and reforming the tar in the gas containing tar and dust into gaseous form using the heat of the gas, performing the gas reforming efficiently while ash is prevented from depositing on and attaching to a tapered portion under the reforming part. <P>SOLUTION: The gasifying device includes a gasifying furnace to gasify the carbonaceous raw material and produce a gasified material therefrom, a reforming furnace installed over the gasifying furnace, having tapered portion in the lower part, and arranged so as to mix the gas containing tar and dust with the gasified material and reform the tar in the gas into the gaseous form using the sensible heat of the gasified material, and a throttle part having a straight pipe part to connect the gasifying furnace with the reforming furnace, and is structured so that charging holes for the gas into the reforming furnace are formed in the tapered portion and a part over it, characterized by that an oxygen-containing gas can be charged into the charging hole provided over the tapered portion or in the neighborhood of the charging hole. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention prevents the dust-derived ash from adhering in the process of gasifying a carbonaceous raw material using an oxygen-containing gas and reforming the gas containing tar and dust using the heat of the gasified gas, The present invention also relates to an apparatus and method for reforming a gas containing tar and dust.

As a method for obtaining a fuel gas by reforming a gas containing tar and dust, there is a method of gasifying a carbonaceous raw material with air or oxygen and using the heat of the generated gasification gas.
For example, carbonaceous raw materials such as wood and plastic are carbonized using a carbonization furnace to form carbides and gas containing tar and dust. The carbides are gasified in a gasification furnace after removing metals, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for obtaining fuel gas from a carbonaceous raw material by heating a gas containing tar and dust in a reforming furnace using a gasification gas generated from a gasification furnace and reforming the tar content into a gas. 1. At this time, the lower part of the reforming furnace is mixed with the gasified gas introduced from the lower side with the gas in the reforming furnace, the gasified gas is rapidly cooled, and the tapered part is used to raise the temperature of the gas in the reforming furnace. Have.

  The process shown in Patent Document 1 is an efficient method for reforming a gas by heating a gas containing tar and dust in a reforming furnace using sensible heat obtained by gasifying a carbonaceous raw material in a gasification furnace. However, there is a problem that slag produced as a by-product during gasification adheres to the outlet of the gasification furnace. On the other hand, regarding the prevention of adhesion of slag generated during gasification, in the process shown in Patent Document 2, a recycle gas at normal temperature is blown into a tangential gas at a constricted portion of a gas outlet of a coal gasification furnace. A method for preventing adhesion of slag scattered from the chemical furnace is shown.

JP 2004-41848 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-239797

The process proposed in Patent Document 1 is a process for efficiently converting various carbon-containing wastes into fuel gas.
Patent Document 1 does not particularly define the position of the inlet of the gas containing tar and dust introduced from the carbonization furnace to the reforming furnace. The gas introduced from the gasification furnace to the reforming furnace contains a small amount of molten ash, and the gas containing tar and dust introduced from the carbonization furnace to the reforming furnace contains a small amount of dust. In the reforming furnace, the gas containing tar and dust from the carbonization furnace is heated with the heat of the gasification gas to reform the gas containing tar and dust, but there are many cases where the reforming temperature is insufficient. An oxygen-containing gas is introduced into the furnace, and a part of the gas containing tar and dust is burned to raise the temperature in the reforming furnace. Between the gasifier and the reformer, the temperature of the gasifier is kept above the melting temperature of the slag, so the flow path is narrow (referred to as a throttle), and the gas stays in the reformer in the reformer In order to lengthen the time, the flow path is expanded.

  As a result of the inventors' investigation, if the inlet position of the reforming furnace for gas containing tar and dust is installed above the throttle part, the tar and dust sent from the carbonization furnace to the reforming furnace when operated for a long time. Part of the dust contained in the gas containing gas accumulates on the taper part below the reforming furnace and stays for a long time, so that the carbon contained in the dust reacts with the water vapor in the gasification gas and is converted to gas and remains. It was found that there was a problem that the ash in the dust was fixed by receiving heat in the reforming furnace. Furthermore, if a gas containing tar and dust is introduced into the lower part of the reforming furnace, and an oxygen-containing gas is introduced from the same location in order to maintain the temperature of the reforming furnace, the temperature in the vicinity of the charging location increases locally and gasifies. It was also found that there is a problem that the ash contained in the gas melts and adheres.

In Patent Document 2, a boiler for heat recovery is installed at the upper part of the gasification furnace instead of the reforming furnace, but the ash contained in the gasification gas adheres at the throttle portion of the gasification gas outlet. In order to prevent a clogging trouble, a method for preventing the adhesion of ash by introducing the generated gas into the throttle portion is shown. In this method, the gas introduced into the throttle part is cooled from the gasification furnace to cool the slag adhering to the throttle part, and the recycled gas from which the slag is removed is introduced into the wall surface to introduce molten slag to the wall surface. It is used to prevent adhesion, and requires energy from equipment such as a blower for introducing gas into the constricted part, and the recycled gas introduced into the constricted part does not participate in the gasification reaction at all. Moreover, in the apparatus in Patent Document 2, there is no straight pipe portion in the throttle portion, and when there is no straight pipe portion, the amount of slag contained in the gasification gas generated from the gasification furnace increases and a large amount of gas is consumed. It is necessary to put it in the vicinity of the throttle part.
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to gasify a carbonaceous raw material and use the heat of the gasification gas to reform the tar in the gas containing tar and dust into a gas. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for efficiently modifying gas containing tar and dust while preventing ash from depositing and adhering.

In order to solve this problem, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A gasification furnace that gasifies a carbonaceous raw material to be input to generate a gasification gas, and a gas that is disposed above and has a tapered portion at the bottom, and that includes tar and dust to be input. A reforming furnace that mixes with the gasified gas introduced from below and reforms the tar in the gas containing the tar and dust into a gas by using sensible heat of the gasified gas; and the gasification A gasification apparatus for a carbonaceous raw material, which is connected to a furnace and the reforming furnace, and includes a throttle section having a straight pipe portion, and charging the gas containing the tar and dust into the reforming furnace The mouth is installed both above the tapered portion and the tapered portion, and further, an oxygen-containing gas can be introduced into the inlet or the vicinity of the inlet installed above the tapered portion. Gasification equipment for carbonaceous raw materials.

(2) A gasification furnace that gasifies one carbonaceous raw material and carbide to be generated to generate gasified gas, and a tar and dust that are disposed above and have a tapered portion at the bottom, and are charged A reforming furnace that mixes a gas containing gas with the gasified gas introduced from below and reforms the tar in the gas containing the tar and dust into a gas using sensible heat of the gasified gas; In addition to connecting the gasification furnace and the reforming furnace, carbonizing the throttle part having a straight pipe part and the two carbonaceous raw materials to be input, the gas containing the carbide and the tar and dust is generated. A carbonization raw material gasification apparatus comprising a carbonizing furnace, wherein a gas inlet containing the tar and dust into the reforming furnace is located above both the tapered portion and the tapered portion. More than the tapered part In the vicinity inlet or inlet disposed towards gasifier carbonaceous raw material oxygen-containing gas, characterized in that it is turned on.

(3) The carbon according to (1) or (2), wherein a plurality of gas inlets including the tar and dust installed in the tapered portion are provided around the reforming furnace. Gasification equipment for quality raw materials.
(4) In any one of (1) to (3), a plurality of gas inlets including the tar and dust installed in the tapered portion are provided in a vertical direction of the tapered portion. The carbonaceous raw material gasifier described.
(5) According to (1) to (4), the gas inlet including the tar and dust installed in the tapered portion is provided so as to face the inner circumferential direction of the tapered portion. The carbonization material gasification apparatus in any one.

(6) A carbonaceous material gasification method using the carbonaceous material gasification device according to any one of (1) to (5), including the tar and dust installed in the tapered portion. By introducing a gas containing the tar and dust from the gas inlet, the dust is prevented from accumulating on the tapered portion, and the tar and dust are removed from the inlet provided above the tapered portion. A part of the reformed gas is combusted by maintaining the temperature in the reforming furnace at a predetermined temperature by introducing a gas containing oxygen and introducing an oxygen-containing gas from the inlet or the vicinity of the inlet. A gasification method of a carbonaceous raw material characterized by the above.

  The carbonaceous raw material in the present invention refers to biomass, plastic, general waste garbage, etc., specifically, agricultural biomass (straw, sugarcane, rice bran, vegetation, etc.), forestry biomass (paper waste, lumber waste) , Thinned wood, etc.), livestock biomass (livestock waste), aquaculture biomass (fishery processing residue), waste biomass (raw garbage, RDF: solid waste fuel: Refuse Derived Fuel, garden trees, construction waste, sewage Sludge), hard plastic, soft plastic, shredder dust, etc. For wood in particular, sawn lumber, construction waste, wooden utility poles, wooden sleepers, etc., which have undergone a drying process once (3-20% by mass) and are represented by plants and thinned wood Differentiated from trees. General garbage is garbage other than the 19 types designated as industrial waste, and is business garbage that contains a lot of household waste collected by local governments and papers from businesses. However, since the present invention relates to carbonaceous energy conversion, those that contain almost no carbonaceous matter, that is, fractionated metals, glasses, etc. are not covered. Further, the carbonaceous raw material in a broad sense includes a carbon-containing fuel such as coal, and may be used as an auxiliary fuel for a gasification furnace in the present patent method.

  According to the present invention, when reforming tar in a gas containing tar and dust into gas using a sensible heat of gasified gas obtained by gasifying a carbonaceous raw material in the gasifying furnace, the reforming furnace It is possible to prevent the accumulation of dust on the lower tapered portion and the adhesion of ash derived from the accumulation of dust, and to efficiently perform the reforming reaction.

In FIG. 1, an example of the gasification apparatus of the carbonaceous raw material which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention is shown.
The apparatus mainly includes a gasification furnace 1 and a reforming furnace 2, and a throttle part 17 having a straight pipe portion connecting the gasification furnace 1 and the reforming furnace 2. The gasification furnace 1 is provided with a gasification burner 18 for introducing a carbonaceous raw material 15 together with an oxygen-containing gas (oxygen or oxygen-enriched air) 29 to partially oxidize the carbonaceous raw material 15 to gasify it. There is a slag tap 12 that discharges the ash contained in the raw material 15 as a molten slag 31, and the gasification gas 30 generated in the gasification furnace 1 is input to the reforming furnace 2 through the throttle unit 17 connected to the upper part of the gasification furnace. Is done. The reforming furnace 2 has a lower portion (tapered portion 2a) connected to the throttle portion 17, a reformed gas outlet 8 on the upper side, a lower gas inlet 13 on the wall surface of the tapered portion 2a of the lower reforming furnace 2, and a tapered portion 2a. An upper gas inlet 14 and an oxygen inlet 35 are installed on the wall of the reformer 2 above. The oxygen inlet 35 may be the same inlet as the upper gas inlet 14, or a separate inlet may be provided near the upper gas inlet 14.

The gasification gas generated from the gasification furnace 1 is introduced into the reforming furnace 2 through the throttle portion 17 and mixed with tar and dust-containing gas (gas containing tar and dust) 11 input from the lower gas input port 13. The tar and the dust-containing gas 11 are reformed by the sensible heat of the gasification gas 30. Further, the reforming reaction takes place by mixing with the tar-containing gas 10 introduced from the upper gas introduction port 14, but when the temperature inside the reforming furnace 2 decreases, the oxygen-containing gas is introduced so as to reach a predetermined temperature. An oxygen-containing gas 28 is introduced through the port 35, and a part of the tar and dust-containing gas is combusted. The reformed gas is discharged from the reformed gas outlet 8.
The reformed tar and dust containing gas only needs to contain tar and dust, and in addition to gas generated by pyrolysis of biomass, etc., reforming is possible with gas generated by dry distillation of coal It is.

  The reforming of the gas containing tar and dust is performed by firstly mixing the gas containing tar and dust introduced from the lower gas inlet 13 with the gasified gas generated by the gasification furnace 1 so that the sensible heat of the gasified gas is obtained. More done. Further, when the reforming temperature is insufficient when mixed with a gas containing tar and dust introduced from the upper gas inlet 14, an oxygen-containing gas is introduced from the oxygen-containing gas inlet 35 and the gas in the reforming furnace. The reforming temperature is ensured by burning a part of the catalyst. If the amount of gas introduced from the lower gas inlet 13 is large, the temperature in the vicinity of the lower gas inlet 13 is too low, the temperature after mixing with the gasification gas from the gasification furnace 1 is too low, and the gas contains tar and dust. It is preferable that the temperature of the portion is adjusted so as to be about 1000 to 1200 ° C. in which the reforming reaction occurs and the adhesion of ash in the gasification gas is suppressed.

  The slag contained in the gasification gas 30 is accompanied by fine particles, and by providing a straight pipe portion in the throttle portion 17, the slag is attached to the straight pipe portion of the throttle portion 17, and the temperature of the gasification gas 30 is increased. By making the slag more than the melting point of slag, the attached slag can flow down to the gasification furnace 1, and as a result, the amount of slag contained in the gasification gas 30 entering the reforming furnace 2 can be reduced. It becomes. The straight pipe portion of the throttle portion 17 is only required to flow down the attached slag, and thus is not limited to a completely vertical pipe, and may have a slight inclination or taper.

On the other hand, most of the dust contained in the gas containing tar and dust that is input into the reforming furnace 2 is discharged downstream along with the gas flow that flows through the reforming furnace 2. However, in the portion where the flow velocity is low in the vicinity of the reforming furnace wall surface, the dust falls without overcoming the gas flow, and accumulates on the tapered portion 2a below the reforming furnace 2. In this state, the carbon in the accumulated dust reacts with the gasification gas 30, and as a result, only the ash remains in the same place, causing the generation of deposits.
By introducing a gas containing tar and dust into the same location, the gas flow in the vicinity of the taper at the bottom of the reforming section 2 is disturbed, and the accumulated dust can be scattered.

  Since the portion where dust is accumulated mainly is the tapered portion 2a at the position of the lower gas inlet 13, the accumulated dust can be blown away by providing the tapered portion 2a. In addition, it is preferable to provide a plurality of lower gas inlets 13 of the tapered portion 2a around the reforming furnace 2 in order to effectively disperse dust that has accumulated. Furthermore, when a plurality of the inlets 13 are provided in the up and down direction of the tapered portion, the dust is prevented from dropping at the inlet 13 above the tapered portion, and the dust is accumulated at the inlet 13 below the tapered portion. Since it can suppress and the fusion | melting of the slag resulting from dust can be suppressed, it is more preferable. Furthermore, it is preferable that the inlet 13 is provided so as to face the inner circumferential direction of the tapered portion because the dust scattering effect is further improved.

  In FIG. 2, an example of the gasification apparatus of the carbonaceous raw material in 2nd embodiment of this invention is shown. In the present embodiment, the carbonaceous raw material 21 is carbonized in the carbonization furnace 3 to generate a carbide 25 and a gas 25 containing tar and dust, and another carbonaceous raw material 15 and a carbide 24 are converted into the gasification furnace 1 in the airflow layer. The gasified gas 30 is generated by gasification, and the tar in the gas 25 containing tar and dust is reformed into gas using the gasified gas 30 as a heat source in the reforming furnace 2.

  The equipment is mainly composed of a gasification furnace 1 and a reforming furnace 2 and a carbonization furnace 3 provided on the upper part of the gasification furnace 1. The carbonaceous raw material 21 (also referred to as “2 carbonaceous raw material”) is charged into the carbonization furnace 3 by the raw material charging device 4, and the carbonaceous raw material 15 (also referred to as “1 carbonaceous raw material”) is charged into the gasifier 1. The carbonization furnace 3 is charged with raw materials such as general garbage that are difficult to pulverize, and the gasification furnace 1 is charged with raw materials such as sewage sludge and hard plastic that are easily pulverized to such an extent that they can be conveyed. As a form of the carbonization furnace 3, a shaft furnace, a kiln, a fluidized bed, or the like can be used. The carbonaceous raw material 21 is heated by the heating gas 16 in the carbonization furnace 3 to become a carbide 22 containing foreign matters such as metals. The carbide 22 containing foreign matters is divided into a foreign matter 23 and a carbide 24 by the crushing / separator 5.

  The top gas 25 is discharged from the top of the carbonization furnace 3. Since the furnace top gas 25 contains a gas obtained by pyrolyzing the carbonaceous raw material 21, it contains a large amount of dust and tar, and cannot be used as fuel gas as it is, and is heated in the reforming furnace 2. This increases the amount of heat obtained by reforming tar by thermal decomposition and reaction with steam and the like, and prevents tar adhesion troubles from occurring in the subsequent equipment.

  The heated gas 16 is a high-temperature gas that serves as a heating source in the carbonization furnace 3, by combustion of a fuel gas such as LNG, or by combustion of a fuel gas 34 obtained by refining the reformed gas 33 by the gas purification device 7. can get.

  After the furnace top gas 25 exits the carbonization furnace 3, the dust 27 is separated by the solid gas separator 6. Cyclone, ceramic filter, and metal filter can be used as the method of the solid-gas separator 6, but since the ceramic filter is easily damaged and the filter surface including the metal filter is often clogged, the cyclone is generally used. It is done.

  The dust 27 is introduced into the gasification furnace 1 together with the carbide 24 and is gasified together with the carbonaceous raw material 15 with the oxygen-containing gas 29. The ash contained in the carbide 24, the dust 27, and the carbonaceous raw material 15 is discharged from the slag tap 12 as molten slag 31, crushed in the water tank 9, and discharged as granulated slag 32.

After the solid-gas separation, the gas 26 is divided into two and introduced into the reforming furnace as the reforming furnace upper input gas 10 and the reforming furnace lower input gas 11. The reforming furnace upper input gas 10 is sent to the reforming furnace 2 together with the oxygen-containing gas 28 and burns in the reforming furnace 2 to maintain the temperature inside the reforming furnace 2 at a predetermined temperature.
Since the gas 26 after solid-gas separation contains a small amount of dust that could not be recovered by the solid-gas separation device, dust may accumulate in the reforming furnace 2 if there is stagnation of gas in the reforming furnace. However, the stagnation of the gas at the lower part of the reforming furnace 2 is eliminated by installing the inlet 13 of the lower part of the reforming furnace input gas 11 at the lower part of the reforming furnace 2 in the tapered portion 2a near the gasification gas 30 inlet. It becomes possible to prevent accumulation of dust at the tapered portion 2a. The form of the inlet 13 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

  In this way, by introducing the gas containing tar and dust (gas generated from the carbonization furnace 3) into the reforming furnace 2 from the upper and lower two-stage gas inlets, the entire amount is lower than the upper inlet. Since the residence time of the gas entering from the bottom increases and the gas entering from the lower part touches the high temperature gasification gas immediately after the exit of the gasification furnace 1, the influence of the heat dissipated from the wall of the reforming furnace 2 is reduced and the higher temperature reforming is performed. Quality is possible.

(Example)
1 has the same gasification furnace and reforming furnace structure as in FIG. 1, with the same equipment configuration as in FIG. 2, the shaft furnace type carbonization furnace 3 is used for general garbage and waste wood, and the gasification layer 2 gasification furnace is used for the carbonization furnace. An example in which the carbide 24 generated from 3 and the wood chip which is the carbonaceous raw material 15 having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less are charged is shown below.
The total length of the reforming furnace 2 of the airflow layer is 2.7 m, the height of the taper portion 2 a at the lower part of the reforming furnace is 0.6 m, and the gas inlet 13 is from the lower end of the reforming furnace 2 (connection portion with the throttle unit 17). Two taper portions 2a facing the taper portion 2a having a height of 0.3 m (taper portion center height position) and one upper gas inlet 14 were installed at a height of 1.0 m from the lower end of the reforming furnace.

General waste 400 kg / h in the carbonization furnace 3, the waste timber 400 kg / h was charged, the LPG60Nm ³ / h from the carbonization furnace 3 lower gas 800 Nm ³ / h of 1200 ° C. which was burned in the air 500 Nm ³ / h-on did. From the upper part of the carbonization furnace 3, about 1400 Nm ³ / h of gas containing 400 ° C. and 47 kg / h tar and dust was generated and introduced into the reforming furnace 2. The gas to the reforming furnace 2 is first recovered with a cyclone, and the dust is sent to the gasification furnace 1. The dust-removed gas is divided into two parts, and about 1000 Nm ³ / h is introduced from the gas inlet 13 provided in the taper portion 2 a at the lower part of the reforming furnace 2, and the rest is supplied from the upper gas inlet 14 to the reforming furnace 2. Then, 120 Nm ³ / h of oxygen was further introduced into the upper inlet 14 to partially burn the gas and maintain the temperature in the reforming furnace 2 at 1100 ° C.

In the gasification furnace 1, 100 kg / h of carbide generated from the carbonization furnace 3 and 50 kg / h of wood chips ground to 1 mm or less were gasified with oxygen of 180 Nm ³ / h. The amount of gasified gas 30 introduced from the gasification furnace 1 to the reforming furnace 2 was 670 Nm ³ / h. The lower space of the slag tap 12 to burn out the methane gas 10 Nm ³ / h oxygen 20 Nm ³ / h slag tap heat keeping burner.

The reformed gas 33 emission under reforming furnace 2 outlet became 2430Nm ³ / h, the heating value is 1780kcal / Nm ^3. The tar content in the reformed gas 33 is 0.5 g / Nm ³ , and as a result of opening inspection after continuous operation for 200 hours, slag adhesion and deposition at the taper portion 2a under the reforming section 2 is gas input. Although it was not observed around and in the vicinity of the mouth 13, dust was slightly accumulated (about 5 mm) in the vicinity of the middle part of the two gas inlets 13.

  Therefore, as another example, the position of the gas inlet 13 in the reforming furnace 2 was changed, and other conditions were tested in the same manner as in the above example. The gas inlet 13 is located at two locations (upper inlet) facing the tapered portion 2a of 0.5 m from the lower end of the reforming furnace 2 and the tapered portion 2a of 0.1 m from the lower end. In total, four places (two lower inlets) and the circumferential positions of the upper inlet and the lower inlet were shifted by 90 degrees. As a result of performing open inspection after continuous operation for 200 hours, slag adhesion and deposition at the tapered portion 2a at the lower portion of the reforming portion 2 were not recognized.

  As another example, a test similar to that of the first example was performed except that the direction of the gas inlet 13 in the reforming furnace 2 was set to the inner peripheral surface direction. As a result of the inspection, slag adhesion and deposition at the tapered portion 2a below the reforming furnace 2 were not recognized.

(Comparative example)
An example in which the same operation as in the example is performed, and the gas generated from the carbonization furnace is not divided into two and is input only from the upper gas input port will be described below.
General waste 400 kg / h in the carbonization furnace 3, the waste timber 400 kg / h was charged, the LPG60Nm ³ / h from the carbonization furnace 3 lower gas 800 Nm ³ / h of 1200 ° C. which was burned in the air 500 Nm ³ / h-on did. From the upper part of the carbonization furnace 3, about 1400 Nm ³ / h of gas containing 400 ° C. and 47 kg / h tar and dust was generated and introduced into the reforming furnace 2. In the gasification furnace 1, 100 kg / h of carbide generated from the carbonization furnace 3 and 50 kg / h of wood chips crushed to 1 mm or less were gasified with 180 Nm ³ / h of oxygen. Further, in the lower space of the slag tap 12 to burn out the methane gas 10 Nm ³ / h oxygen 20 Nm ³ / h slag tap heat keeping burner. The amount of gasification gas introduced from the gasification furnace 1 to the reforming furnace 2 is 670 Nm ³ / h. In the reforming furnace 2, the gas from the carbonization furnace 3 and the gasification gas are mixed, and the temperature in the reforming furnace is 1100 ° C. oxygen was automatically charged oxygen so that the 120 Nm ³ / h, and the reformed gas 2400 nm ³ / h occurs, the heating value became 1740kcal / Nm ^3.

Reformed gas in the reforming furnace 3 outlet 2400 nm ³ / h occurs, the heating value became 1740kcal / Nm ^3. When the gas is supplied only from the upper gas inlet, the residence time of the gas containing tar and dust in the reforming furnace is shortened, so that the reforming reaction does not proceed as compared with the embodiment and is included in the reformed gas. The tar content was 1.2 g / Nm ³ . In addition, as a result of opening inspection after 200 hours of continuous operation, it was confirmed that dust accumulated (about 20mm) at the taper part 2a at the lower part of the reforming furnace 2 and part of the dust ashed and fixed around the lower end of the reforming part. (Approx. 10kg). If the operation is continued in this state, the operation becomes difficult due to a blockage trouble.

It is a figure which shows an example of the apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification furnace 2 Reforming furnace 2a Tapered part 3 Carbonization furnace 4 Raw material charging device 5 Crushing / separating device 6 Solid gas separator 7 Gas purification device 8 Reformed gas outlet 9 Water tank 10 Gas containing tar and dust 11 Tar and dust Gas 12 containing slag tap 13 Lower gas inlet 14 Upper gas inlet 15 Carbonaceous raw material 16 Heated gas 17 Throttled portion 18 Gasification burner 21 Carbonaceous raw material 22 Carbide containing foreign matter 23 Foreign matter 24 Carbide 25 Top gas (tar and Gas containing dust)
26 Gas after solid-gas separation (gas containing tar and dust)
27 Dust 28 Oxygen-containing gas 29 Oxygen-containing gas 30 Gasification gas 31 Molten slag 32 Granulated slag 33 Reformed gas 34 Fuel gas 35 Oxygen-containing gas inlet

Claims (6)

  A gasification furnace that gasifies a carbonaceous raw material to be input to generate a gasification gas, and a gas that is disposed above and has a tapered portion at the bottom, and that includes tar and dust to be input from below. A reforming furnace for reforming tar in the gas containing tar and dust into gas by mixing with the gasified gas to be introduced and utilizing sensible heat of the gasified gas, and the gasifier and the A gasification apparatus for a carbonaceous raw material, which is connected to a reforming furnace and includes a throttle part having a straight pipe portion, and a gas inlet containing the tar and dust into the reforming furnace, A carbonaceous raw material, characterized in that an oxygen-containing gas can be introduced into the inlet or the vicinity of the inlet that is installed above both the tapered portion and the tapered portion, and further above the tapered portion. Gasifier. A gasification furnace that gasifies one carbonaceous raw material and carbide to be input to generate gasification gas;
A gas having a taper portion at the bottom and a gas containing tar and dust is mixed with the gasification gas introduced from below, and the sensible heat of the gasification gas is used. And a reforming furnace for reforming tar in the gas containing tar and dust into gas, and connecting the gasification furnace and the reforming furnace, and a throttle section having a straight pipe portion. A carbonization raw material gasification apparatus comprising: a carbonization furnace that carbonizes the carbonaceous raw material 2 and generates a gas containing the carbide and the tar and dust, wherein the tar and An inlet for gas containing dust is installed both above the tapered portion and the tapered portion, and further, an oxygen-containing gas is present at or near the inlet installed above the tapered portion. Charcoal characterized by being able to input Gasifier of quality raw materials.   The gasification of the carbonaceous raw material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of gas inlets containing the tar and dust installed in the tapered portion are provided around the reforming furnace. apparatus.   The carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of gas inlets including the tar and dust installed in the tapered portion are provided in a vertical direction of the tapered portion. Gasification equipment for quality raw materials.   The inlet of the gas containing the tar and dust installed in the taper part is provided so as to face the inner circumferential surface direction of the taper part. The carbonaceous raw material gasifier described.   It is the gasification method of the carbonaceous raw material using the carbonization raw material gasification apparatus of any one of Claims 1-5, Comprising: The injection | throwing-in of the gas containing the said tar and dust installed in the said taper part By introducing the gas containing tar and dust from the mouth, the dust is prevented from accumulating on the tapered portion, and the gas containing tar and dust is introduced from the inlet provided above the tapered portion. In addition to charging, by introducing an oxygen-containing gas from the charging port or the vicinity of the charging port, a part of the reformed gas is burned, and the temperature in the reforming furnace is maintained at a predetermined temperature. A gasification method for carbonaceous raw materials.

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