JP2009106219A - Peeler for spring onion - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To devise a working implement enabling the outermost skin of onion to have peeled off quickly and surely and separated easily from its core, based on manual working in the peeling process of spring onion. <P>SOLUTION: With the working implement which is an onion peeler, the neck part of the outermost skin of a spring onion is peeled off a bit, and the proximity of the shoulder of the resultant neck part is sprayed with a high-speed air jet at a predetermined angle from a pair of front and rear air jet nozzles for peeling the outermost skin off the onion's shoulder and core parts. In this implement, the air jet nozzles are in a container, equipped with a transparent top plate provided with a round hole and a transverse slit which communicates with the round hole, and the air jet nozzles are inclined at an angle of 40-50° relative to the horizontal direction. The air-jetting speed is 20-30 m/s, and the air jet nozzle's blow port is flat in oblong form. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

In general, an onion is one obtained by excising the roots and leaves and drying the outer skin, and has a good preservation property. In addition, there is a so-called onion with leaves. This leafy onion is a normal onion harvested early in the immature stage and can be eaten without being exposed to water, and it can be eaten softly and leaves. For example, as shown in FIG. As it is, it is provided to consumers with leaves attached.
Onion with leaves is harvested from the field, then the fine roots are cut off, one outermost raw hide is peeled off, and the surface is wiped with a cloth and packaged in a clean state.
For onion with leaves, it must be dried when washed with water, and if washed and dried, the leaves will be damaged and the product value will be reduced. ing.

By the way, the leafy onion has several layers of thick skin, and the outermost raw skin is roughly two raw skins. And it is necessary to peel off these outermost raw hides, but the peeling work of the onion with leaves is difficult to mechanize and has not been mechanized yet.
The present invention relates to an onion peeler with leaves, that is, an auxiliary machine for stripping and cleaning the outermost rawhide, simplifying and facilitating the removal and cleaning of the outermost rawhide, and improving the work efficiency. Can be remarkably improved.

As an onion peeler, an ordinary onion, that is, an onion that has been cut at the neck and dried at the neck and the outermost raw skin, is a work machine that strips the dried skin when it is used for cooking. is there. Onion peeling is caused by peeling off a part of the outermost raw skin from the ball, and this dry outermost raw skin is firmly attached to the lower skin. It is not easy to rip and peel off a part and peel off the outer skin. A known onion peeler automatically peels a normal onion, puts the onion on a pair of rotating rollers, rotates it, sprays a high-speed air stream on it and sprays the dry skin. A part is peeled and raised, and this is gripped by the rotating roller and peeled off (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2).
However, the above-mentioned onion peeler cannot be used for peeling onion with leaves, and its principle cannot be applied.

Also, the onion with leaves has a long stem extending from the neck and leaves at the tip, and has a special shape, so it is very difficult to handle this mechanically, and it is peeled off. If the leaves are damaged by the work, the commercial value of the onion with leaves is significantly reduced, so that a peeler that can damage the leaves is not put into practical use.
Peeling the onion with leaves is done by cutting the fine roots, cutting off the tips of the leaves and adjusting the length, then peeling the outermost raw hide (usually two) from the ball, tearing it, and cutting the ball It is a series of work of wiping and cleaning.

  By the way, in the onion with leaves, the upper part of the shoulder part is the neck part, and the upper part is the stem part and the leaf part (see FIG. 5). For this reason, in order to peel off the outermost rawhide, it is necessary to separate the stem part, subsequently peel off the shoulder part, and then peel off the ball part, and peel off from the top to the bottom. And since the outermost rawhide is rawhide, it tears easily in the vertical direction, but since it is tightly adhered to the lower skin, it is torn off in the middle if it is forcibly pulled. Therefore, it is not easy to peel off the outermost skin smoothly and quickly from the sphere.

On the other hand, the neck is weak against adhesion, so it is easy to peel it off manually, but it is not easy to peel it off with a machine, and on the other hand, it is not easy to peel off the ball quickly by hand. . Therefore, if the neck part can be peeled off manually and the ball part can be mechanically peeled off, the efficiency of the peeling work can be greatly improved.
In view of the above, it is required to develop an onion peeler that can quickly and surely peel off the outermost raw skin of onion with leaves.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 48-56878 JP 2002-191339 A

  This invention is based on the fact that the onion with leaves is peeled manually, and a work machine capable of separating the outermost raw skin from the onion ball portion quickly and reliably and easily separating it. Is a technical issue.

Means for solving the above-mentioned problem is that a high-speed air flow is blown at a predetermined angle from a pair of front and rear air nozzles in the vicinity of the shoulder portion of the onion with leaf on which the neck portion of the outer rawhide has been slightly peeled off. It is made to peel from a part and a ball part, Comprising: It is based on following (i)-(b).
(B) The air nozzle is in a container with a top plate,
(B) The top plate of the container has a round hole and a laterally elongated hole connected to the round hole,
Furthermore, it is based on the following (c) to (d).
(C) The air nozzle is inclined in the range of 40 to 50 degrees with respect to the horizontal,
(D) The jet velocity of the high-speed air flow is 20 m / sec to 30 m / sec.
Further, this is due to the following (e).
(E) The air nozzle has a horizontally long flat shape.

  The neck is slightly peeled off by hand, and a leafy onion (Fig. 3 (a)) is inserted into the container from the round hole in a state where the stem is grasped and suspended, and then into the laterally elongated hole. Moved. Then, when it is in the laterally long hole, the high-speed air flow is blown from the neck portion toward the shoulder at the above angle, and this high-speed air flow is blown into the gap in the neck portion (a minute gap at the slightly torn tear). This penetrates between the outermost skin and the lower skin, causing the adhesion surface to peel off, and this peeling is instantaneously spread, and the outermost raw skin is separated from the lower skin by the pressure of the thin air layer that has entered the adhesion surface. And peeled off (FIG. 3B). Then, when the onion is slowly rotated 90 degrees in the transverse slot while applying the high-speed air flow, the high-speed air flow is blown over the entire surface of the onion with leaves, and the above-mentioned peeling phenomenon spreads over the entire surface. It is peeled off instantaneously to the part and the ball part (FIG. 3 (c)). At this time, the peeled outermost rawhide is blown off by wind pressure or inverted downward (FIG. 3 (d)).

Since the top plate is transparent, it can be peeled while visually observing the position where the high-speed air flow is applied from the outside and observing the peeling state of the outermost rawhide by the high-speed air flow from the outside. The onion with leaves can be taken out while confirming that the raw hide has been sufficiently peeled off and peeled off.
It has been confirmed that the greater the amount of air blown out from each air nozzle per unit time, the better the work efficiency and almost proportional to the amount of air blown out.
In addition, if the air nozzle has a horizontally long flat shape, a small amount of air can be blown onto the onion at a high speed in a wide range, and a high-speed air flow is quickly introduced to the contact surface with the lower skin of the outermost rawhide, The peeling efficiency and cleaning efficiency of the outermost rawhide by the air flow rate are enhanced.

As described above, the peeling work by high-speed air flow is easy to work and very efficient (3 to 4 times as much as manual work). is there.
When the outermost raw skin is turned over and remains, it can be easily removed by pulling it out from the round hole in an inverted state and tearing it off.
Moreover, since the mud adhering to the onion is blown away by a high-speed air flow, the surface is cleaned when the outer skin is peeled off.
Therefore, the outermost raw skin can be stripped off efficiently and easily.

The top plate can be peeled off even if it is not transparent. Therefore, it is not always indispensable that the top plate is transparent, but it is very good to increase the work efficiency.
This is because the onion inserted in the container is peeled while visually observing it from the outside, and the high-speed air flow is selectively applied to the necessary places while visually observing to promote the peeling and cleaning. In addition, the work efficiency is very good because the peeling of the skin and the cleaning of the surface can be taken out while confirming from the outside.

  The efficiency of exfoliation and separation of the outermost rawhide by the above-mentioned high-speed air flow is remarkably influenced by the injection angle and the injection speed of the high-speed air flow. Is most efficient when in the range of 30 m / sec.

  As for the jet angle of the high-speed air flow (the angle with respect to the horizontal), if it is less than 40 degrees, there is a tendency that the aerodynamic force entering the boundary between the outermost raw skin and its lower skin tends to be insufficient. The smaller the value, the more prominent. In addition, when the angle exceeds 60 degrees, there is a tendency that the aerodynamic force acting in the peeling direction on the boundary between the outermost raw skin and the lower skin tends to be insufficient, and the tendency becomes more prominent as the angle increases. Become.

In addition, when the jet velocity of the high-speed air flow is less than 20 m / sec, the action of allowing air to enter the contact surface between the outermost raw skin and its lower skin is reduced, and the outermost raw skin becomes difficult to peel off. The tendency becomes remarkable. Moreover, even if it exceeds 30 m / sec, the above-mentioned peeling effect does not change much, and the minus increases as the consumption of compressed air increases.
Further, if the nozzle outlet is large, the injection speed is insufficient, and if the nozzle is small, the injection air amount is insufficient.

Next, examples will be described with reference to the drawings. This comprises a hollow working container 1 composed of a top plate and side walls, left and right animal pressure devices 2 and 2, a compressor 3, a filter 4, and a pair of front and rear air nozzles 5 and 5 as basic elements.
The work container 1 does not necessarily have to be completely enclosed. However, since a high-speed air flow is blown from the air nozzle 5 and mud and dust adhering to the onion with leaves are blown, In order to prevent the splatter from being scattered around, it is actually desirable to surround the periphery.

The top plate of the work container 1 is a transparent plate made of acrylic resin and having a thickness of 3 mm. There is a pair of left and right round holes in the center of the top plate 11, and the left and right round holes 12, 12 are laterally elongated holes 13. Are connected.
The round hole 12 is for inserting a ball portion of an onion with leaves (see FIG. 6). Easy to put on and take off the onion balls (the diameter of the onion with leaves is about 50 to 100 mm as a product), and the onion balls will not be damaged by hitting the edges when putting in or out. However, if the diameter is too large, mud and dust blow out from the round holes and scatter, so it is desirable that the size be such that no such phenomenon occurs. In this embodiment, the diameter R is 100 mm, which is a practically appropriate size. Then, hold the onion with one hand, insert it through one round hole 12, move to the laterally elongated hole 13, and then apply the high-speed air flow to peel off the outermost rawhide, It repeats in the procedure of moving to a round hole, changing to the other hand, and taking out from the said round hole. The distance P between the left and right round holes is set to the best distance when performing such work. In this embodiment, the interval P is set to 200 mm.

Further, the laterally elongated hole 13 connecting the left and right round holes 12 and 12 moves the onion stalk here and blows a high-speed air flow from the air nozzles 5 and 5. Work is done while tilting the onion variously, raising and lowering it, and applying a high-speed airflow at the optimum position and angle. Accordingly, the width b of the laterally elongated hole 13 needs to be a width that does not hinder the above operation. On the other hand, if the width of the laterally elongated hole 13 is large and the air nozzle is exposed, the onion with a leaf hits this, so the workability is poor, and if it hits the air nozzle, the onion with a leaf is significantly damaged. become. In order to prevent this, the width b of the lateral elongated hole 13 must be such that the front and rear air nozzles 5 and 5 are not exposed to the lateral elongated hole.
Considering the above, in this embodiment, the width b of the lateral elongated hole 13 is set to 50 mm. Incidentally, the space | interval D of the front-end | tip of the air nozzles 5 and 5 before and behind is 74 mm.

The lateral length B of the laterally elongated hole 13 is determined by the interval P between the round holes 12, the diameter R, and the width b of the laterally elongated hole 13, and the size of this length is very important. Instead, it is important how to select the distance D between the round holes 12, the diameter R, and the width b of the lateral elongated hole 13. However, the workability is not good if the length of the lateral elongated hole 13 is too long or too short.
Incidentally, in this embodiment, the lateral length B of the laterally elongated hole 13 is about 110 mm.

Further, the air nozzle 5 is an important element that affects the performance of the working machine. The optimum value of the thickness of the air nozzle tube is a design matter that depends on the air capacity.
And it is important that the onion is sprayed in a state where the high-speed airflow is spread left and right.
The air nozzle tube 5a of this embodiment is a metal tube having an inner diameter d1 of 2 mm and an outer diameter d2 of 6 mm. And the front-end | tip is crushed flat, The blowing outlet 5b is horizontally long. The length w of the blowout port 5b is 3.5 mm, the thickness s is 0.8 mm, and the widening angle θb (FIG. 4B) of the high-speed airflow blowout angle in the left-right direction is about 5 degrees. is there.

The front and rear ends of the air nozzles 5 and 5 have a distance D of 74 mm and are 24 mm larger than the width b of the lateral elongated hole 13, so that they are retracted by 12 mm from the edge of the lateral elongated hole 13. . The distance between the tip of the nozzle and the neck of the onion with leaves is about 20 to 50 mm. However, if the tip of the air nozzle is retracted to this extent, the air nozzle can be tilted up and down variously. Do not hit the tip of 5.
The specification regarding the air nozzle in this embodiment is as described above. However, this is only one specific example, and various selections may be made according to the actual situation.

The structure of the air nozzle tip is as follows.
That is, in order to increase the work efficiency with a small amount of air, it is necessary to blow a high-speed air flow over a wide area of the onion. For this purpose, the air outlet 5b of the air nozzle 5 is made as thin as possible and the width is reduced. It is better to make it wider, but the thinner the air nozzle, the greater the air nozzle flow resistance and the lower the blowing speed. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of working efficiency, a flow rate of 20 to 30 m / sec is required under the rated air pressure (about 0.6 to 0.9 Mpa). Therefore, the dimensions of the air nozzle may be selected in consideration of the working pressure and the air capacity (stock pressure tank capacity and compressor capacity).

Since the size of the air capacity greatly affects the performance of the entire work machine, it is necessary that the air capacity be sufficiently large. The rated pressure of the compressor of this example is 0.88 Mpa.
The above air capacity depends on the discharge capacity of the compressor and the capacity of the pressure tank, but the capacity of the compressor can be reduced by increasing the capacity of the pressure tank, and the capacity of the compressor can be increased by decreasing the capacity of the pressure tank. You can also
In addition, about a compressor, two small things can be combined and the whole capacity | capacitance can also be enlarged.

If the stock pressure tank pressure is in the range of about 0.6 to 0.9 MPa, the predetermined performance can be ensured, and this is a practical and efficient range. If the pressure drops below 0.6 Mpa, the work can hardly be continued, so the work is temporarily stopped and the animal is pressured again.
In the former case, it takes a long time for the animal pressure before the start of work, but there is an advantage that an inexpensive compressor can be used.
Normally, when increasing the pressure of the animal pressure machine to 0.9 Mpa and then continuing the operation while operating the compressor, the air capacity (compressor discharge) is maintained so that the pressure of 0.6 Mpa or more is maintained for 4 to 5 hours. It is better to design the capacity and capacity of the stock pressure tank.

In this embodiment, the left and right pressure accumulators have a capacity of 40 liters and the compressor has a capacity of 1.1 kW (maximum discharge pressure 0.88 Mpa). The reason why 1.1 kW is used as the compressor is that a general household power supply can be used.
Air injection from the air nozzle is intermittently performed by pedal operation, and the operation can be performed continuously for 3 to 4 hours.

Details of the other configuration of this embodiment are as follows.
The work container 1 is a box-shaped container with legs having a width in the front-rear direction of 350 mm, a length in the left-right direction of 550 mm, and a side wall height of 405 mm, and the total height (the ground height of the top plate) is 710 mm. There are two accumulators 2 and 2 at the front and rear of the lower part of the working container 1, and both accumulators 2 and 2 have a pressure strength of 1 Mpa or more. The structure of this animal pressure device is a simple sealed container in which steel plates are welded, and has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to each other by a connecting pipe 2a, and a pipe 5p is connected to the outlet. The air nozzle 5 is connected to the tip of 5p. And the filter 4 for oil filtration is connected to the said connecting pipe 2a, The trace amount oil mixed in the air from the compressor 3 is removed by this separator.

  A valve 21 is connected to the compressor 3, and the valve 21 is opened and closed by a foot pedal 22. The filter 4 is connected to the valve 21. By depressing the foot pedal 22, air is ejected from the air nozzles 5 and 5 at high speed.

The above is the configuration of this embodiment. Next, the procedure for removing the outermost raw skin of the onion with leaves according to this embodiment will be described.
Onion with leaves harvested from the field is soft and easily damaged. Since stems and leaves are also edible, if they are damaged, the commercial value is greatly reduced.
To make the peel easier, remove the fine roots of the harvested onion, hold a properly cut leaf with one hand, and tear the outermost raw skin a little at the neck to make a small tear. (See FIG. 3A), and this is inserted from the right or left round hole of the top plate 11 (in the example of FIG. 7, it is inserted into the right round hole 12). The situation at this time is as shown in FIG.

From the state inserted in the round hole 12 (FIG. 7 (b)), the leafy onion 30 is moved to the laterally elongated hole 13 (FIG. 7 (c)), and a high-speed air flow from the front and rear air nozzles 5, 5 is attached to the leaf. It sprays on the neck part (refer FIG. 4, FIG. 5) of the onion 30 (FIG.7 (c), FIG.3 (b)). If it does so, a high-speed air flow will penetrate | invade from the said crack, and it will penetrate | invade into the contact | adherence surface of outermost raw hide and its lower skin. When air enters the contact surface, the outermost rawhide is peeled off by the pressure and blown off by the air pressure (FIG. 7C), and mud is also blown off at this time. Thereafter, the onion with leaves is moved from the laterally elongated hole to the other round hole (FIG. 7D) and taken out from the round hole. If the outer skin is attached to the removed one, grab it and tear it off. If dirt is attached, wipe it off with a cloth.
The skilled person can also put one hand from the hole and grab and tear the outermost raw skin that is inverted while blowing air. By doing so, the work is performed more quickly.

  In the example shown in the figure, the fine roots are excised while leaving a part of them, but if the fine roots are completely removed from the roots while removing one piece of the outermost raw skin, the outermost raw skin is peeled off by the wind pressure and blown away. It is easily separated from the ball by wind pressure. Therefore, the trouble of pinching and tearing the outermost rawhide is omitted.

〔Effect confirmation〕
Onion with leaves from which fine roots and leaves were cut off was prepared and peeled, and the time required was measured. The number of onions with leaves was 1000 per worker, and two people were tested manually and one was tested using a working machine.
As a result, the simple average of each person is 12.6 hours for manual work and 3.3 hours for work machine use, and the variation due to individual differences is 30% for manual work use. In the case of 5%.
Based on the above, the simple average is approximately 3.8 times more efficient when using work implements than when using manual implements, and variation due to individual differences is smaller when using work implements than when using manual operations. About 1/6. As a result, it was confirmed that by using this work machine, a work efficiency of almost 4 times can be obtained regardless of the skill level of the peeling work.

Is a perspective view showing the whole of the embodiment Is a cross-sectional view showing a relative arrangement relationship between a leafy onion and a top plate, and the top plate and an air nozzle Is an illustration of the action of peeling and separating the outermost raw skin of onion with leaves with high-speed airflow (A) is a side view showing the positional relationship between the air nozzle and the onion with leaves, and (b) is an enlarged view of the tip of the air nozzle. Is a side view showing each part of the onion with leaves Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the top plate, and is a plan view showing the positional relationship between a round hole, a laterally elongated hole, and an air nozzle FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing a procedure for peeling an onion with leaves according to an embodiment. Is an enlarged view showing the onion with leaves inserted into the round hole

Explanation of symbols

1: Work container 2: Stock pressure machine 3: Compressor 4: Filter 5: Air nozzle 5a: Air nozzle pipe 5b: Air outlet 5p: Pipe 12: Round hole 13: Lateral long hole 21: Valve 22: Foot pedal 30: Leaf Spicy onion

Claims (4)

In the vicinity of the shoulder of the onion with leaves, a high-speed air flow is blown at a predetermined angle by an air nozzle, and the outermost rawhide is peeled off from the shoulder and the ball,
A pair of air nozzles facing in the front-rear direction is in a container with a top plate,
There is a round hole in the top plate of the container, and a laterally elongated hole connected to the round hole,
An onion-peeling machine with leaves, wherein the pair of air nozzles are in the center of the transverse slot and are completely covered with a top plate.   The leafy onion peeler according to claim 1, wherein the round holes are at the left and right ends of the transverse slot. The air nozzle is inclined at 40 to 50 degrees with respect to the horizontal,
The leafy onion peeler according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the jet velocity of the high-speed air flow is 20 m / sec to 30 m / sec.   4. The leafy onion peeler according to claim 1, wherein the air nozzle is a horizontally long flat nozzle.

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